Raghavendra R, Bhagawati ST, Manjunath K, Irappanavar S
Aim The objective of present work was to formulate and evaluate bilayer tablets of Oxethazine and Cefixime trihydrate developed by direct compression method for effectively treating gastric ulcer and H. pylori infection.Methods The tablets were prepared having immediate release layer of Oxethazine and sustained release layer of Cefixime trihydrate. Sodium starch glycolate was used as super disintegrant for immediate release layer. The bilayer tablets were prepared by direct compression method using HPMC K100 and natural polymers like xanthan gum guar gum karaya gum which release the drug for 12 hours. Pre-compression parameters post-compression parameters and physical characteristics were evaluated for prepared formulations.Results The release of the Oxethazine from the immediate release layer was found to be 94.6plusmn0.02 in 30 minutes. The release of Cefixime trihydrate for the sustained release floating layer was found to be 99.88plusmn0.06 in 12 hours. The data obtained from in vitro release were fitted into the various kinetic models Zero Order Higuchi First Order and Kors MeyerndashPepparsquos Model.Conclusion The bilayer tablets developed offer both immediate release of Oxethazine and sustained release of Cefixime trihydrate. This suggests their potential as a viable option for treating gastric ulcers and H. pylori infections using an innovative dosage form.
{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Floating Bilayer Tablet Containing Combination of Oxethazine and Cefixime Trihydrate","authors":"Raghavendra R, Bhagawati ST, Manjunath K, Irappanavar S","doi":"10.26463/rjps.13_3_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26463/rjps.13_3_3","url":null,"abstract":"Aim The objective of present work was to formulate and evaluate bilayer tablets of Oxethazine and Cefixime trihydrate developed by direct compression method for effectively treating gastric ulcer and H. pylori infection.Methods The tablets were prepared having immediate release layer of Oxethazine and sustained release layer of Cefixime trihydrate. Sodium starch glycolate was used as super disintegrant for immediate release layer. The bilayer tablets were prepared by direct compression method using HPMC K100 and natural polymers like xanthan gum guar gum karaya gum which release the drug for 12 hours. Pre-compression parameters post-compression parameters and physical characteristics were evaluated for prepared formulations.Results The release of the Oxethazine from the immediate release layer was found to be 94.6plusmn0.02 in 30 minutes. The release of Cefixime trihydrate for the sustained release floating layer was found to be 99.88plusmn0.06 in 12 hours. The data obtained from in vitro release were fitted into the various kinetic models Zero Order Higuchi First Order and Kors MeyerndashPepparsquos Model.Conclusion The bilayer tablets developed offer both immediate release of Oxethazine and sustained release of Cefixime trihydrate. This suggests their potential as a viable option for treating gastric ulcers and H. pylori infections using an innovative dosage form.","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135910422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A progressive loss of functional and structural integrity of the central nervous system leads to neurodegenerative diseases. Neurotoxicity refers to direct or indirect effect of chemicals that disrupt the nervous system. Human beings are grieving from nervous related ailments due increase in the population and aging. Because of the limited capacity of neurons to regenerate there is still no trusted and consistent therapeutic approach available to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Natural compounds have been widely studied as potential neuroprotective agents because of their characteristics of multiple targets and low cytotoxicity. Endophytes could be any organism either bacteria fungi actinomycetes or mycoplasm which reside inside the tissues of plants showing mutualistic relationships without infecting any of the plant cells. Variety of novel secondary metabolites and known analogues of plant metabolites are produced by endophytic microbes. Structurally distinctive and therapeutically active natural products such as flavonoids phenolic acids polyketides terpenoids benzopyranones quinines steroids alkaloids etc. are obtained from endophytes for their potential use in medicine agriculture or industry. Considerable literature is also available on chemically diversified compounds isolated from endophytic fractions possessing neuroprotective activity. The present review emphasizes on promising neuroprotective metabolites isolated from endophytic microbes inhabited in medicinal plants.
{"title":"Neuroprotective Metabolites from Endophytic Microbes: A Review","authors":"Vaishali Todkar, Prasanna Habbu, Venkatrao Kulkarni, Smita Madagundi","doi":"10.26463/rjps.13_3_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26463/rjps.13_3_6","url":null,"abstract":"A progressive loss of functional and structural integrity of the central nervous system leads to neurodegenerative diseases. Neurotoxicity refers to direct or indirect effect of chemicals that disrupt the nervous system. Human beings are grieving from nervous related ailments due increase in the population and aging. Because of the limited capacity of neurons to regenerate there is still no trusted and consistent therapeutic approach available to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Natural compounds have been widely studied as potential neuroprotective agents because of their characteristics of multiple targets and low cytotoxicity. Endophytes could be any organism either bacteria fungi actinomycetes or mycoplasm which reside inside the tissues of plants showing mutualistic relationships without infecting any of the plant cells. Variety of novel secondary metabolites and known analogues of plant metabolites are produced by endophytic microbes. Structurally distinctive and therapeutically active natural products such as flavonoids phenolic acids polyketides terpenoids benzopyranones quinines steroids alkaloids etc. are obtained from endophytes for their potential use in medicine agriculture or industry. Considerable literature is also available on chemically diversified compounds isolated from endophytic fractions possessing neuroprotective activity. The present review emphasizes on promising neuroprotective metabolites isolated from endophytic microbes inhabited in medicinal plants.","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135910417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megha S Arali, Syed Khaleel Ahmed, Nagarjuna Damarla
Tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome is a rare condition of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis EPTB in which cavernous sinus involvement is observed. Cavernous sinus is a venous structure that holds and protects pituitary gland on one side and temporal lobe on other side. CSS is mainly characterized by multiple cranial neuropathies which is effected by various etiologies. This is a case report of tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome admitted to hospital with chief complaints of fever headache drooping of eyelids altered sensorium with disorientation and fever that reduced over next 3 to 4 days but headache was still persisting due to the damage to the cranial nerves. Based on these symptoms they underwent clinical examination which revealed hypotension elevated CRP levels and MRI suggestive of acute dural venous sinus thrombosis involving superior sagittal sinus and bilateral bulky cavernous sinus with transverse T2 hypo intensity in right transverse sagittal superior sagittal and internal jugular vein IJV. Granulomatous etiology indicated tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome. For this treatment was initiated with anti-tubercular drug therapy with vitamin supplements and anticoagulants. EPTB remains a significant health problem in developing countries. Prevalence of EPTB is increasing over the last several years globally.
{"title":"A Case Study on Tubercular Cavernous Sinus Syndrome","authors":"Megha S Arali, Syed Khaleel Ahmed, Nagarjuna Damarla","doi":"10.26463/rjps.13_3_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26463/rjps.13_3_1","url":null,"abstract":"Tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome is a rare condition of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis EPTB in which cavernous sinus involvement is observed. Cavernous sinus is a venous structure that holds and protects pituitary gland on one side and temporal lobe on other side. CSS is mainly characterized by multiple cranial neuropathies which is effected by various etiologies. This is a case report of tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome admitted to hospital with chief complaints of fever headache drooping of eyelids altered sensorium with disorientation and fever that reduced over next 3 to 4 days but headache was still persisting due to the damage to the cranial nerves. Based on these symptoms they underwent clinical examination which revealed hypotension elevated CRP levels and MRI suggestive of acute dural venous sinus thrombosis involving superior sagittal sinus and bilateral bulky cavernous sinus with transverse T2 hypo intensity in right transverse sagittal superior sagittal and internal jugular vein IJV. Granulomatous etiology indicated tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome. For this treatment was initiated with anti-tubercular drug therapy with vitamin supplements and anticoagulants. EPTB remains a significant health problem in developing countries. Prevalence of EPTB is increasing over the last several years globally.","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135910421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigating Uncharted Waters: A Vision for our Pharmacy Journal","authors":"Dr. Satheesh Babu B K","doi":"10.26463/rjps.13_3_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26463/rjps.13_3_2","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">None</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135911277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to a lack of effective treatment factor or drug delivery systems many diseases go untreated especially when side effects and toxicities are the main cause of concern. Consequently we chose novel drug delivery system. The structure of niosomes is made up of three moieties hydrophilic amphiphilic and lipophilic which can accommodate several drug molecules with a wide range of solubilities. Niosomes are preferred over liposomes because of the non-ionic surfactants higher stability lower cost and ease of storage compared to phospholipids. Surfactants do not require any particular handling or storage conditions. Niosomes act as a controlled and targeted drug delivery system that reduces toxicity and increases drug penetration into target tissues. The review article focused on several ideas including advantages and disadvantages of niosomal preparations niosome characteristics and its application.
{"title":"Advances of Niosomes as a Targeted Drug Delivery Syste","authors":"K Pooja, S B Shirsand","doi":"10.26463/rjps.13_3_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26463/rjps.13_3_7","url":null,"abstract":"Due to a lack of effective treatment factor or drug delivery systems many diseases go untreated especially when side effects and toxicities are the main cause of concern. Consequently we chose novel drug delivery system. The structure of niosomes is made up of three moieties hydrophilic amphiphilic and lipophilic which can accommodate several drug molecules with a wide range of solubilities. Niosomes are preferred over liposomes because of the non-ionic surfactants higher stability lower cost and ease of storage compared to phospholipids. Surfactants do not require any particular handling or storage conditions. Niosomes act as a controlled and targeted drug delivery system that reduces toxicity and increases drug penetration into target tissues. The review article focused on several ideas including advantages and disadvantages of niosomal preparations niosome characteristics and its application.","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135910413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Cancer cells are also known as carcinoma sarcoma melanoma lyphoma and leukemia. The ability of the bodys immune cells to recognise and eliminate newly formed cells when there arent many of them is probably more crucial to the development of cancer than the conversion of a normal cell into a malignant cell. Colonic epithelial cells which line the lumen of the organ and replace themselves every five days from a stem cell population found at the base of colonic epithelial cell crypts are the source of colon cancers.Aim To develop a Dendrimer of 5-Flurouracil and Folic acid conjugate for the treatment of colon cancer via target drug delivery.Methods The dendrimers of 5-Flurouracil and Folic acid conjugate were developed involving the following steps- formulation of dendrimer of antineoplastic drugs dendrimer Acylated Dendrimer characterization of compounds and in ndash vivo anti - cancer activity.Results On 7th and 14th a significant decrease in WBC increase in RBC and increase in Haemoglobin was observed compared to Cancer control.Conclusion It has been concluded that cancer induction in mice Groups I II III results in decreased RBC and Hb levels along with an increase in WBC count. Treatment with drugs restores the abnormal hematopoietic system parameters to normal levels in cancer-bearing mice.
{"title":"Development of Dendrimer-5-Flurouracil and Folic acid Conjugation for the Treatment of Colon Cancer via Target Drug Delivery","authors":"Haribabu T, Selva Kumar K, Manjunatha PM","doi":"10.26463/rjps.13_3_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26463/rjps.13_3_5","url":null,"abstract":"Background Cancer cells are also known as carcinoma sarcoma melanoma lyphoma and leukemia. The ability of the bodys immune cells to recognise and eliminate newly formed cells when there arent many of them is probably more crucial to the development of cancer than the conversion of a normal cell into a malignant cell. Colonic epithelial cells which line the lumen of the organ and replace themselves every five days from a stem cell population found at the base of colonic epithelial cell crypts are the source of colon cancers.Aim To develop a Dendrimer of 5-Flurouracil and Folic acid conjugate for the treatment of colon cancer via target drug delivery.Methods The dendrimers of 5-Flurouracil and Folic acid conjugate were developed involving the following steps- formulation of dendrimer of antineoplastic drugs dendrimer Acylated Dendrimer characterization of compounds and in ndash vivo anti - cancer activity.Results On 7th and 14th a significant decrease in WBC increase in RBC and increase in Haemoglobin was observed compared to Cancer control.Conclusion It has been concluded that cancer induction in mice Groups I II III results in decreased RBC and Hb levels along with an increase in WBC count. Treatment with drugs restores the abnormal hematopoietic system parameters to normal levels in cancer-bearing mice.","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135910415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aim Geriatric patients often suffer from osteoarthritis and hypertension comorbidity. The codrugs approach was shown to be an effective strategy for targeting diseases synergistically hence improving the quality of life of patients. The present study aimed to synthesize various Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs NSAIDs and Calcium channel blocker CCB Co-drugs and biopharmaceutical study to eliminate the adverse gastrointestinal effects of the NSAIDs to treat comorbid conditions in geriatric patients with significant reduction of polypharmacy.Methods Various conjugates were synthesized by a one-pot amidation reaction of Amlodipine with various NSAIDs. Further characterization by melting point TLC Fourier transform infrared nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy followed by solubility partition coefficient and hydrolysis study in SGF and SIF.Results The synthesized codrugs satisfied the structural criteria of the proposed plan. From the biopharmaceutical and hydrolysis study it was observed that the co-drugs underwent significant hydrolysis in SIF pH 7.4 and have showed delayed onset of action with respect to the standard drugs. The delayed onset may be due to the hydrolysis of amide linkage followed by the release of the prodrug which finally releases the active drug.Conclusion The findings illuminated the codrugs pros and cons aiding optimization and development. This research advances amide-based mutual prodrugs and their use in pharmaceutical research. The outcome of this exploration confirmed that the described co-drug can offer desirable safety and therapeutic benefits. Hence these conjugates could be considered for further development.
{"title":"Amide Codrug Approach: Synthesis and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug and Calcium Channel Blocker Conjugates","authors":"Anjali Nayak, Paramita Das, Amit Kumar Das","doi":"10.26463/rjps.13_3_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26463/rjps.13_3_4","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim Geriatric patients often suffer from osteoarthritis and hypertension comorbidity. The codrugs approach was shown to be an effective strategy for targeting diseases synergistically hence improving the quality of life of patients. The present study aimed to synthesize various Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs NSAIDs and Calcium channel blocker CCB Co-drugs and biopharmaceutical study to eliminate the adverse gastrointestinal effects of the NSAIDs to treat comorbid conditions in geriatric patients with significant reduction of polypharmacy.Methods Various conjugates were synthesized by a one-pot amidation reaction of Amlodipine with various NSAIDs. Further characterization by melting point TLC Fourier transform infrared nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy followed by solubility partition coefficient and hydrolysis study in SGF and SIF.Results The synthesized codrugs satisfied the structural criteria of the proposed plan. From the biopharmaceutical and hydrolysis study it was observed that the co-drugs underwent significant hydrolysis in SIF pH 7.4 and have showed delayed onset of action with respect to the standard drugs. The delayed onset may be due to the hydrolysis of amide linkage followed by the release of the prodrug which finally releases the active drug.Conclusion The findings illuminated the codrugs pros and cons aiding optimization and development. This research advances amide-based mutual prodrugs and their use in pharmaceutical research. The outcome of this exploration confirmed that the described co-drug can offer desirable safety and therapeutic benefits. Hence these conjugates could be considered for further development.","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135912888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This review article has been written with a purpose to collate both conventional and novel vaginal drug delivery systems, highlighting the need and advantages of the novel vaginal drug delivery systems. This article will benefit the researchers working in the field of vaginal drug delivery with information about the current research being done in this area. Approach: The unique anatomy and physiology of the vagina is briefly described and then the various conventional and novel drug delivery systems such as vaginal films, vaginal rings, vaginal microspheres, vaginal liposomes, vaginal mucoadhesive caplets, vaginal mini tablets, and vaginal nanofibres are discussed. Research studies focusing on the novel vaginal drug delivery and their findings have also been reported. Findings: The novel vaginal drug delivery systems offer various advantages such as improved mucoadhesion, targeted drug delivery, prolonged drug delivery, improved stability and less frequency of dosing. Conclusion: Traditionally, intravaginal drug delivery has been restricted to delivery of anti infectives to the local vaginal cavity. With the rediscovery of the vaginal route as a potential route for the delivery of therapeutically important molecules, such as microbicides, novel vaginal drug delivery systems are being investigated. These novel systems would enhance the delivery of many drugs offering better therapeutic outcomes.
{"title":"A Review on Vaginal Drug Delivery System","authors":"Arshad Khan, C. Saha","doi":"10.5530/RJPS.2014.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/RJPS.2014.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This review article has been written with a purpose to collate both conventional and novel vaginal drug delivery systems, highlighting the need and advantages of the novel vaginal drug delivery systems. This article will benefit the researchers working in the field of vaginal drug delivery with information about the current research being done in this area. Approach: The unique anatomy and physiology of the vagina is briefly described and then the various conventional and novel drug delivery systems such as vaginal films, vaginal rings, vaginal microspheres, vaginal liposomes, vaginal mucoadhesive caplets, vaginal mini tablets, and vaginal nanofibres are discussed. Research studies focusing on the novel vaginal drug delivery and their findings have also been reported. Findings: The novel vaginal drug delivery systems offer various advantages such as improved mucoadhesion, targeted drug delivery, prolonged drug delivery, improved stability and less frequency of dosing. Conclusion: Traditionally, intravaginal drug delivery has been restricted to delivery of anti infectives to the local vaginal cavity. With the rediscovery of the vaginal route as a potential route for the delivery of therapeutically important molecules, such as microbicides, novel vaginal drug delivery systems are being investigated. These novel systems would enhance the delivery of many drugs offering better therapeutic outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"142-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88185381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Safety of Therapies demands intensive post marketing surveillance","authors":"R. Thakur","doi":"10.5530/RJPS.2014.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/RJPS.2014.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"125-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86483093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. P. Rao, P. Sahithi, Beny Baby, S. Rajarajan, K. Ramesh
Purpose: The purpose of the research was to formulate Microemulsion based transdermal drug delivery for a poorly soluble and low bioavailable drug, labetalol, an antihypertensive agent. Methodology: Based on solubility studies Isopropyl myristate, Tween 80 and 1,2-propylene glycol were selected as Oil, Surfactant and Co-surfactant respectively. Pseudo ternary phase studies were carried out. The optimum concentrations for labetalol microemulsion based on phase diagram and thermodynamic stability evaluation were found to be Isopropyl myristate (6.66% w/w), Mixture (36.66% w/w) of 1 part of Tween 80, 15 parts of 1,2-propylene glycol and remaining water. The labetalol microemulsions were prepared by phase titration method. Findings: The globule size, zeta potential, viscosity, in vitro and ex vivo release for the best formulation was found to be 9.826 nm, -15.96 mV, 0.8872 cP, 92.61% and 71.045% respectively. Permeation studies of labetalol microemulsions were performed through rat skin. The steady state flux (J ss ) was determined and found to be 4.912 mgcm −2 h −1 . Conclusion: Based on the responses labetalol microemulsion shows a potential drug delivery system with good stability and release profile.
{"title":"Microemulsion Based Transdermal Drug Delivery of Labetalol","authors":"B. P. Rao, P. Sahithi, Beny Baby, S. Rajarajan, K. Ramesh","doi":"10.5530/RJPS.2014.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/RJPS.2014.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the research was to formulate Microemulsion based transdermal drug delivery for a poorly soluble and low bioavailable drug, labetalol, an antihypertensive agent. Methodology: Based on solubility studies Isopropyl myristate, Tween 80 and 1,2-propylene glycol were selected as Oil, Surfactant and Co-surfactant respectively. Pseudo ternary phase studies were carried out. The optimum concentrations for labetalol microemulsion based on phase diagram and thermodynamic stability evaluation were found to be Isopropyl myristate (6.66% w/w), Mixture (36.66% w/w) of 1 part of Tween 80, 15 parts of 1,2-propylene glycol and remaining water. The labetalol microemulsions were prepared by phase titration method. Findings: The globule size, zeta potential, viscosity, in vitro and ex vivo release for the best formulation was found to be 9.826 nm, -15.96 mV, 0.8872 cP, 92.61% and 71.045% respectively. Permeation studies of labetalol microemulsions were performed through rat skin. The steady state flux (J ss ) was determined and found to be 4.912 mgcm −2 h −1 . Conclusion: Based on the responses labetalol microemulsion shows a potential drug delivery system with good stability and release profile.","PeriodicalId":21459,"journal":{"name":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"148-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79407809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：