Rivista di psichiatria最新文献

Objectives: The dimensional approach to psychopathology has been proposed to reliably evaluate suicidality. Potential gender modulation of psychopathological dimensions associated to suicide attempts was investigated.

Methods: 91 subjects who committed a near-lethal suicide (SA group) and 374 who did not (nSA group) were recruited in a Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit regardless of their categorical diagnosis. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale - Expanded version (BPRS-E) and the Scale for Rapid Dimensional Evaluation (SVARAD) were administered at the admission. A Factorial Multivariate ANOVA was conducted according to General Linear Model: Sex and Suicidality were input as fixed factors, HAM-D, BPRS-E and SVARAD scores as dependent variables.

Results: Men with SA (MSA) displayed significant lower scores in SVARAD Activation dimension compared to women with SA (FSA) (p=0.049), men without SA (MnSA) (p<0.001) and women without SA (FnSA) (p<0.001). Both SA groups displayed significant higher scores compared to nSA groups in regard of Depression item (BPRS-E) (p<0,001). The MSA group displayed significant lower scores in Psychomotor agitation (HAM-D) compared to FSA (p=0,044), MnSA (p<0,001) and FnSA (p<0,001).

Conclusions: By means of multifactorial statistics sex resulted a moderator of the relation between activation/agitation and suicidality, despite categorical diagnosis.

Introduction: Many forms of mental disorders, especially psychotic disorders are characterized also by a worsening of sexual functioning. The main aim of this study was to validate in the Italian context the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), a very useful international tool to assess sexual dysfunction in people suffering from mental illness.

Methods: Seventy-three patients suffering from psychotic spectrum disorders were recruited. We administered the Italian version of ASEX, adequately translated by two expert bilinguals. After 15 days we administered once again the test for test-retest reliability.

Results: Validation of ASEX revealed Cronbach's coefficients >0.70 in both single items as in the total score. In addition, the test-retest reliability revealed Pearson's coefficients >0.50 in the various domains. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed good fit indexes for the two factors model of ASEX (SRMR=0.54; CFI=0.974; RMSEA=0.135).

Discussion: This study represents the first validation in the Italian psychiatric context of a very useful specific tool for the sexual assessment in people suffering from mental illness. Our analysis after the ASEX administration revealed good psychometric characteristics in terms of confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.

Conclusions: On the basis of our results and consideration, we strongly suggest the use of ASEX in clinical context to assess the sexual function of patients with severe mental disorders.

Background: To explore the psychological status of patients with amputation injury and to evaluate the effects of psychological interventions based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray characteristics.

Methods: Two hundred patients admitted from June 2016 to May 2019 were randomly assigned into control and observation groups (n=100). Routine care was performed for both groups, based on which observation group was given psychological interventions. Coping style, compliance to examinations, mental stress, degree of perceived control, degree of anxiety, degree of depression, incidence rate of adverse events, and satisfaction with nursing services were compared.

Results: After interventions, the score of positive coping, score of compliance to examinations and Control Attitudes Scale-Revised (CAS-R) score were significantly higher, whereas the score of negative coping, Chinese perceived stress scale (CPSS) score, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score and self-rating depression scale (SDS) score were lower in observation group than those in control group. The score of positive coping, score of compliance to examinations and CAS-R score were significantly elevated, while the score of negative coping, CPSS score, SAS score and SDS score reduced in both groups (p<0.05). The satisfaction rate was significantly higher in observation group than that in control group (p<0.05). The incidence rate of these adverse events was significantly lower in observation group than that in control group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Psychological interventions before MRI and X-ray examinations are conducive to adjustment of the mental state of patients receiving replantation of a severed limb, thus improving the compliance to examinations, completion rate and image quality.

Following the growth in visibility of Transgender and Gender Non-Confirming-identified people (TGNC) in popular culture and media, along with the increase in number of health clinics focusing on working with this population, and the development of a special interest in health professionals in TGNC-related issues, flourishing scientific literature and updated guidelines to help Mental Health Professionals (MHPs) work affirmatively with transgender individuals is pertinent. Despite the increased attention toward TGNC individuals, this population is still faced with political, economic, legal, and medical obstacles affecting their mental health and access to health care. Moreover, MHPs still report having limited training and experience in TGNC-affirmative care. This article aims at providing professionals with the most updated information and research findings to help them develop a more trans-affirmative practice. After defining key terms and providing a definition of TGNC-affirmative health care, this article will focus on summarizing the main documents that inform MHPs working with this population. This article offers research-based guidelines and discusses the major theoretical frameworks professionals are encouraged to incorporate in their work when developing TGNC-affirmative care. Additionally, this article will present the current debate around the diagnoses of Gender Dysphoria (DSM-V) and Gender Incongruence (ICD-11). The controversy between the Medical Model based on the Diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria and the emerging Informed Consent Model will be reviewed.