Suvarnalata Xanthate Duggirala, Michael Schwartze, Lisa K Goller, David E J Linden, Ana P Pinheiro, Sonja A Kotz
Background: Sensory suppression occurs when hearing one's self-generated voice, as opposed to passively listening to one's own voice. Quality changes in sensory feedback to the self-generated voice can increase attentional control. These changes affect the self-other voice distinction and might lead to hearing voices in the absence of an external source (ie, auditory verbal hallucinations). However, it is unclear how changes in sensory feedback processing and attention allocation interact and how this interaction might relate to hallucination proneness (HP).
Study design: Participants varying in HP self-generated (via a button-press) and passively listened to their voice that varied in emotional quality and certainty of recognition-100% neutral, 60%-40% neutral-angry, 50%-50% neutral-angry, 40%-60% neutral-angry, 100% angry, during electroencephalography (EEG) recordings.
Study results: The N1 auditory evoked potential was more suppressed for self-generated than externally generated voices. Increased HP was associated with (1) an increased N1 response to the self- compared with externally generated voices, (2) a reduced N1 response for angry compared with neutral voices, and (3) a reduced N2 response to unexpected voice quality in sensory feedback (60%-40% neutral-angry) compared with neutral voices.
Conclusions: The current study highlights an association between increased HP and systematic changes in the emotional quality and certainty in sensory feedback processing (N1) and attentional control (N2) in self-voice production in a nonclinical population. Considering that voice hearers also display these changes, these findings support the continuum hypothesis.
{"title":"Hallucination Proneness Alters Sensory Feedback Processing in Self-voice Production.","authors":"Suvarnalata Xanthate Duggirala, Michael Schwartze, Lisa K Goller, David E J Linden, Ana P Pinheiro, Sonja A Kotz","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae095","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sensory suppression occurs when hearing one's self-generated voice, as opposed to passively listening to one's own voice. Quality changes in sensory feedback to the self-generated voice can increase attentional control. These changes affect the self-other voice distinction and might lead to hearing voices in the absence of an external source (ie, auditory verbal hallucinations). However, it is unclear how changes in sensory feedback processing and attention allocation interact and how this interaction might relate to hallucination proneness (HP).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Participants varying in HP self-generated (via a button-press) and passively listened to their voice that varied in emotional quality and certainty of recognition-100% neutral, 60%-40% neutral-angry, 50%-50% neutral-angry, 40%-60% neutral-angry, 100% angry, during electroencephalography (EEG) recordings.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>The N1 auditory evoked potential was more suppressed for self-generated than externally generated voices. Increased HP was associated with (1) an increased N1 response to the self- compared with externally generated voices, (2) a reduced N1 response for angry compared with neutral voices, and (3) a reduced N2 response to unexpected voice quality in sensory feedback (60%-40% neutral-angry) compared with neutral voices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study highlights an association between increased HP and systematic changes in the emotional quality and certainty in sensory feedback processing (N1) and attentional control (N2) in self-voice production in a nonclinical population. Considering that voice hearers also display these changes, these findings support the continuum hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frances L Dark, Isabelle Amado, Matthew D Erlich, Satoru Ikezawa
Background: Cognitive remediation (CR) is an effective therapy for the cognitive impact of mental illness, especially schizophrenia. Global efforts are being made to implement CR into routine mental health services with the aim of improving functional outcomes for the population of people recovering from mental illness. Implementation and dissemination of CR in heterogeneous settings require knowledge gleaned from formal implementation research and pragmatic experiential learning. This article describes cross-cultural approaches to CR implementation, focusing on initiatives in France, the United States, Australia, and Japan.
Method: Key leaders in the implementation of CR in France, the United States, Australia, and Japan were asked to describe the implementation and dissemination process in their settings with respect to the categories of context, implementation, outcomes, facilitators, and barriers.
Results: All 4 sites noted the role of collaboration to leverage the implementation of CR into mental health rehabilitation services. In France, high-level, government organizational backing enhanced the dissemination of CR. Academic and clinical service partnerships in the United States facilitated the dissemination of programs. The advocacy from service users, families, and carers can aid implementation. The support from international experts in the field can assist in initiating programs but maintenance and dissemination require ongoing training and supervision of staff.
Conclusions: CR is an effective intervention for the cognitive impact of schizophrenia. Programs can be implemented in diverse settings globally. Adaptations of CR centering upon the core components of effective CR therapy enhance outcomes and enable programs to integrate into diverse settings.
{"title":"International Experience of Implementing Cognitive Remediation for People With Psychotic Disorders.","authors":"Frances L Dark, Isabelle Amado, Matthew D Erlich, Satoru Ikezawa","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive remediation (CR) is an effective therapy for the cognitive impact of mental illness, especially schizophrenia. Global efforts are being made to implement CR into routine mental health services with the aim of improving functional outcomes for the population of people recovering from mental illness. Implementation and dissemination of CR in heterogeneous settings require knowledge gleaned from formal implementation research and pragmatic experiential learning. This article describes cross-cultural approaches to CR implementation, focusing on initiatives in France, the United States, Australia, and Japan.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Key leaders in the implementation of CR in France, the United States, Australia, and Japan were asked to describe the implementation and dissemination process in their settings with respect to the categories of context, implementation, outcomes, facilitators, and barriers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 4 sites noted the role of collaboration to leverage the implementation of CR into mental health rehabilitation services. In France, high-level, government organizational backing enhanced the dissemination of CR. Academic and clinical service partnerships in the United States facilitated the dissemination of programs. The advocacy from service users, families, and carers can aid implementation. The support from international experts in the field can assist in initiating programs but maintenance and dissemination require ongoing training and supervision of staff.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CR is an effective intervention for the cognitive impact of schizophrenia. Programs can be implemented in diverse settings globally. Adaptations of CR centering upon the core components of effective CR therapy enhance outcomes and enable programs to integrate into diverse settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and hypothesis: Cognitive health in schizophrenia spectrum psychosis has received substantial empirical attention in recent decades, coinciding with the development and implementation of interventions including cognitive remediation. Subjective experience in psychosis, including qualitative explorations of service user perspectives, has also proliferated; however, there is no available synthesis of service user representation in the psychosis cognitive health literature. This scoping review investigated prevalence and characteristics of qualitative research reporting service user perspectives across the extant research on cognitive health and related interventions in psychosis.
Study design: We conducted a literature search on qualitative methods in cognitive health and/or related interventions across PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycInfo databases. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews and identified 23 papers. Data extraction included study design and sample characteristics, qualitative methodology, and reporting.
Study results: Of 23 articles, 18 reported on user experiences of interventions, most often in the context of feasibility/acceptability for otherwise quantitative trials. Five studies described service user experiences of cognitive health separately from interventions. Only 3 included any service user involvement or participatory methods. Twenty articles reported any demographic characteristics, and fewer than half (11) reported any racial or ethnic sample characteristics. There was substantial variability in qualitative methodology and reporting across studies.
Conclusions: Qualitative methodology is lacking in its representation and rigor across the cognitive health literature for schizophrenia spectrum psychosis. Additional inclusion of service user lived experience is critical for future research to better characterize cognitive health and inform interventions to promote recovery.
{"title":"Service User Representation in Qualitative Research on Cognitive Health and Related Interventions for Psychosis: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Lauren Gonzales, Nev Jones","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and hypothesis: </strong>Cognitive health in schizophrenia spectrum psychosis has received substantial empirical attention in recent decades, coinciding with the development and implementation of interventions including cognitive remediation. Subjective experience in psychosis, including qualitative explorations of service user perspectives, has also proliferated; however, there is no available synthesis of service user representation in the psychosis cognitive health literature. This scoping review investigated prevalence and characteristics of qualitative research reporting service user perspectives across the extant research on cognitive health and related interventions in psychosis.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We conducted a literature search on qualitative methods in cognitive health and/or related interventions across PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycInfo databases. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews and identified 23 papers. Data extraction included study design and sample characteristics, qualitative methodology, and reporting.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>Of 23 articles, 18 reported on user experiences of interventions, most often in the context of feasibility/acceptability for otherwise quantitative trials. Five studies described service user experiences of cognitive health separately from interventions. Only 3 included any service user involvement or participatory methods. Twenty articles reported any demographic characteristics, and fewer than half (11) reported any racial or ethnic sample characteristics. There was substantial variability in qualitative methodology and reporting across studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Qualitative methodology is lacking in its representation and rigor across the cognitive health literature for schizophrenia spectrum psychosis. Additional inclusion of service user lived experience is critical for future research to better characterize cognitive health and inform interventions to promote recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steffen Moritz, Lisa Borgmann, Andreas Heinz, Thomas Fuchs, Jürgen Gallinat
Background: Diagnostic criteria for mental disorders are subject to change. This is particularly true for schizophrenia, whose diagnostic criteria in the current DSM-5 bear little resemblance to what Kraepelin once named "dementia praecox" and Bleuler termed "the schizophrenias." The present study reports results from a survey of experts on two core topics of schizophrenia: (a) whether subsequent editions of the DSM should once again give the Schneiderian first-rank symptoms (FRS; eg, thought broadcasting) the prominent role they had in the DSM-IV and (b) whether the currently quite narrow definition of hallucinations in the DSM-5 requiring them to be vivid and clear and have the full force and impact of normal perceptions should be broadened to incorporate perceptual-like phenomena that the individual can differentiate from proper perceptions but still perceives as real and externally generated.
Hypothesis: The aim of the survey was to learn about experts' opinions with no clear hypotheses.
Study design: International experts on schizophrenia were recruited via various sources and invited to participate in a short online survey. The final sample comprised 136 experts with a subgroup of 53 experts with verified identity and at least 6 years of clinical and/or research experience.
Study results: Slightly more experts voted in favor (49.3%) of returning FRS to the prominent role they had in earlier versions of the DSM than against (34.6%). Approximately four out of five experts agreed that the definition of hallucinations in the DSM should be expanded. According to the results, alongside internal symptoms that are phenomenologically indistinguishable from true perceptions, sensory intrusions that the holder is convinced were inserted from another source (ie, not self-generated) should be included in the definition.
Conclusions: While a large majority of experts recommend a change in the definition of hallucinations, the experts' opinions on FRS are more mixed. We hope that this article will stimulate future studies targeting the diagnostic relevance of these symptoms and encourage discussion about the definition of core psychotic symptoms and the diagnostic criteria for the upcoming edition of the DSM.
{"title":"Towards the DSM-6: Results of a Survey of Experts on the Reintroduction of First-Rank Symptoms as Core Criteria of Schizophrenia and on Redefining Hallucinations.","authors":"Steffen Moritz, Lisa Borgmann, Andreas Heinz, Thomas Fuchs, Jürgen Gallinat","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diagnostic criteria for mental disorders are subject to change. This is particularly true for schizophrenia, whose diagnostic criteria in the current DSM-5 bear little resemblance to what Kraepelin once named \"dementia praecox\" and Bleuler termed \"the schizophrenias.\" The present study reports results from a survey of experts on two core topics of schizophrenia: (a) whether subsequent editions of the DSM should once again give the Schneiderian first-rank symptoms (FRS; eg, thought broadcasting) the prominent role they had in the DSM-IV and (b) whether the currently quite narrow definition of hallucinations in the DSM-5 requiring them to be vivid and clear and have the full force and impact of normal perceptions should be broadened to incorporate perceptual-like phenomena that the individual can differentiate from proper perceptions but still perceives as real and externally generated.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>The aim of the survey was to learn about experts' opinions with no clear hypotheses.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>International experts on schizophrenia were recruited via various sources and invited to participate in a short online survey. The final sample comprised 136 experts with a subgroup of 53 experts with verified identity and at least 6 years of clinical and/or research experience.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>Slightly more experts voted in favor (49.3%) of returning FRS to the prominent role they had in earlier versions of the DSM than against (34.6%). Approximately four out of five experts agreed that the definition of hallucinations in the DSM should be expanded. According to the results, alongside internal symptoms that are phenomenologically indistinguishable from true perceptions, sensory intrusions that the holder is convinced were inserted from another source (ie, not self-generated) should be included in the definition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While a large majority of experts recommend a change in the definition of hallucinations, the experts' opinions on FRS are more mixed. We hope that this article will stimulate future studies targeting the diagnostic relevance of these symptoms and encourage discussion about the definition of core psychotic symptoms and the diagnostic criteria for the upcoming edition of the DSM.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140877180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nora Sheehan, Deepthi Bannai, Steven M Silverstein, Paulo Lizano
Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are characterized by major symptomatic, cognitive, and neuroanatomical changes. Recent studies have used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate retinal changes in SZ and BD, but their unique and shared changes require further evaluation. Articles were identified using PubMed and Google Scholar. 39 studies met the inclusion criteria. Diagnostic groups were proband (SZ/BD combined), SZ, BD, and healthy control (HC) eyes. Meta-analyses utilized fixed and random effects models when appropriate, and publication bias was corrected using trim-and-fill analysis ("meta" package in R). Results are reported as standardized mean differences with 95% CIs. Data from 3145 patient eyes (1956 SZ, 1189 BD) and 3135 HC eyes were included. Studies identified thinning of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL, overall and in 2 subregions), m-Retina (overall and all subregions), mGCL-IPL, mIPL, and mRPE in SZ patients. BD showed thinning of the pRNFL (overall and in each subregion), pGCC, and macular Retina (in 5 subregions), but no changes in thickness or volume for the total retina. Neither SZ nor BD patients demonstrated significant changes in the fovea, mRNFL, mGCL, mGCC, mINL, mOPL, mONL, or choroid thicknesses. Moderating effects of age, illness duration, and smoking on retinal structures were identified. This meta-analysis builds upon previous literature in this field by incorporating recent OCT studies and examining both peripapillary and macular retinal regions with respect to psychotic disorders. Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated both peripapillary and macular structural retinal abnormalities in people with SZ or BD compared with HCs.
{"title":"Neuroretinal Alterations in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: An Updated Meta-analysis.","authors":"Nora Sheehan, Deepthi Bannai, Steven M Silverstein, Paulo Lizano","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae102","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are characterized by major symptomatic, cognitive, and neuroanatomical changes. Recent studies have used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate retinal changes in SZ and BD, but their unique and shared changes require further evaluation. Articles were identified using PubMed and Google Scholar. 39 studies met the inclusion criteria. Diagnostic groups were proband (SZ/BD combined), SZ, BD, and healthy control (HC) eyes. Meta-analyses utilized fixed and random effects models when appropriate, and publication bias was corrected using trim-and-fill analysis (\"meta\" package in R). Results are reported as standardized mean differences with 95% CIs. Data from 3145 patient eyes (1956 SZ, 1189 BD) and 3135 HC eyes were included. Studies identified thinning of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL, overall and in 2 subregions), m-Retina (overall and all subregions), mGCL-IPL, mIPL, and mRPE in SZ patients. BD showed thinning of the pRNFL (overall and in each subregion), pGCC, and macular Retina (in 5 subregions), but no changes in thickness or volume for the total retina. Neither SZ nor BD patients demonstrated significant changes in the fovea, mRNFL, mGCL, mGCC, mINL, mOPL, mONL, or choroid thicknesses. Moderating effects of age, illness duration, and smoking on retinal structures were identified. This meta-analysis builds upon previous literature in this field by incorporating recent OCT studies and examining both peripapillary and macular retinal regions with respect to psychotic disorders. Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated both peripapillary and macular structural retinal abnormalities in people with SZ or BD compared with HCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141493241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Decades of research have firmly established that cognitive health and cognitive treatment services are a key need for people living with psychosis. However, many current clinical programs do not address this need, despite the essential role that an individual's cognitive and social cognitive capacities play in determining their real-world functioning. Preliminary practice-based research in the Early Psychosis Intervention Network early psychosis intervention network shows that it is possible to develop and implement tools that delineate an individuals' cognitive health profile and that help engage the client and the clinician in shared decision-making and treatment planning that includes cognitive treatments. These findings signify a promising shift toward personalized cognitive health.
Study design: Extending upon this early progress, we review the concept of interindividual variability in cognitive domains/processes in psychosis as the basis for offering personalized treatment plans. We present evidence from studies that have used traditional neuropsychological measures as well as findings from emerging computational studies that leverage trial-by-trial behavior data to illuminate the different latent strategies that individuals employ.
Study result: We posit that these computational techniques, when combined with traditional cognitive assessments, can enrich our understanding of individual differences in treatment needs, which in turn can guide evermore personalized interventions.
Conclusion: As we find clinically relevant ways to decompose maladaptive behaviors into separate latent cognitive elements captured by model parameters, the ultimate goal is to develop and implement approaches that empower clients and their clinical providers to leverage individual's existing learning capacities to improve their cognitive health and well-being.
{"title":"Personalized Cognitive Health in Psychiatry: Current State and the Promise of Computational Methods.","authors":"Cathy S Chen, Sophia Vinogradov","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae108","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Decades of research have firmly established that cognitive health and cognitive treatment services are a key need for people living with psychosis. However, many current clinical programs do not address this need, despite the essential role that an individual's cognitive and social cognitive capacities play in determining their real-world functioning. Preliminary practice-based research in the Early Psychosis Intervention Network early psychosis intervention network shows that it is possible to develop and implement tools that delineate an individuals' cognitive health profile and that help engage the client and the clinician in shared decision-making and treatment planning that includes cognitive treatments. These findings signify a promising shift toward personalized cognitive health.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Extending upon this early progress, we review the concept of interindividual variability in cognitive domains/processes in psychosis as the basis for offering personalized treatment plans. We present evidence from studies that have used traditional neuropsychological measures as well as findings from emerging computational studies that leverage trial-by-trial behavior data to illuminate the different latent strategies that individuals employ.</p><p><strong>Study result: </strong>We posit that these computational techniques, when combined with traditional cognitive assessments, can enrich our understanding of individual differences in treatment needs, which in turn can guide evermore personalized interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As we find clinically relevant ways to decompose maladaptive behaviors into separate latent cognitive elements captured by model parameters, the ultimate goal is to develop and implement approaches that empower clients and their clinical providers to leverage individual's existing learning capacities to improve their cognitive health and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengcheng Zhang, ZhiHui Yang, Xiaojing Li, Liansheng Zhao, Wanjun Guo, Wei Deng, Qiang Wang, Xun Hu, Ming Li, Pak Chung Sham, Xiao Xiao, Tao Li
Background and hypothesis: Investigating the shared brain protein and genetic components of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD-I) presents a unique opportunity to understand the underlying pathophysiological processes and pinpoint potential drug targets.
Study design: To identify overlapping susceptibility brain proteins in SCZ and BD-I, we carried out proteome-wide association studies (PWAS) and Mendelian Randomization (MR) by integrating human brain protein quantitative trait loci with large-scale genome-wide association studies for both disorders. We utilized transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) to determine the consistency of mRNA-protein dysregulation in both disorders. We applied pleiotropy-informed conditional false discovery rate (pleioFDR) analysis to identify common risk genetic loci for SCZ and BD-I. Additionally, we performed a cell-type-specific analysis in the human brain to detect risk genes notably enriched in distinct brain cell types. The impact of risk gene overexpression on dendritic arborization and axon length in neurons was also examined.
Study results: Our PWAS identified 42 proteins associated with SCZ and 14 with BD-I, among which NEK4, HARS2, SUGP1, and DUS2 were common to both conditions. TWAS and MR analysis verified the significant risk gene NEK4 for both SCZ and BD-I. PleioFDR analysis further supported genetic risk loci associated with NEK4 for both conditions. The cell-type specificity analysis revealed that NEK4 is expressed on the surface of glutamatergic neurons, and its overexpression enhances dendritic arborization and axon length in cultured primary neurons.
Conclusions: These findings underscore a shared genetic origin for SCZ and BD-I, offering novel insights for potential therapeutic target identification.
{"title":"Unraveling NEK4 as a Potential Drug Target in Schizophrenia and Bipolar I Disorder: A Proteomic and Genomic Approach.","authors":"Chengcheng Zhang, ZhiHui Yang, Xiaojing Li, Liansheng Zhao, Wanjun Guo, Wei Deng, Qiang Wang, Xun Hu, Ming Li, Pak Chung Sham, Xiao Xiao, Tao Li","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae094","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and hypothesis: </strong>Investigating the shared brain protein and genetic components of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD-I) presents a unique opportunity to understand the underlying pathophysiological processes and pinpoint potential drug targets.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>To identify overlapping susceptibility brain proteins in SCZ and BD-I, we carried out proteome-wide association studies (PWAS) and Mendelian Randomization (MR) by integrating human brain protein quantitative trait loci with large-scale genome-wide association studies for both disorders. We utilized transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) to determine the consistency of mRNA-protein dysregulation in both disorders. We applied pleiotropy-informed conditional false discovery rate (pleioFDR) analysis to identify common risk genetic loci for SCZ and BD-I. Additionally, we performed a cell-type-specific analysis in the human brain to detect risk genes notably enriched in distinct brain cell types. The impact of risk gene overexpression on dendritic arborization and axon length in neurons was also examined.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>Our PWAS identified 42 proteins associated with SCZ and 14 with BD-I, among which NEK4, HARS2, SUGP1, and DUS2 were common to both conditions. TWAS and MR analysis verified the significant risk gene NEK4 for both SCZ and BD-I. PleioFDR analysis further supported genetic risk loci associated with NEK4 for both conditions. The cell-type specificity analysis revealed that NEK4 is expressed on the surface of glutamatergic neurons, and its overexpression enhances dendritic arborization and axon length in cultured primary neurons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore a shared genetic origin for SCZ and BD-I, offering novel insights for potential therapeutic target identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to Special Theme Issue.","authors":"Alice Medalia","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae116","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sjur S Sætren, Jone R Bjørnestad, Akiah A Ottesen, Helen L Fisher, Daniel A S Olsen, Kari Hølland, Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
Background: During the last decades, an abundance of studies has investigated childhood adversity in relation to psychosis. This systematic review critically examines the methodologies employed to investigate childhood adversity in psychosis over the past decade, including operational definitions, measurement tools and characteristics, and psychometric properties of instruments used in these studies.
Study design: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines (registration number CRD42022307096), and the search used the following electronic databases: PsychINFO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, African Index Medicus (AIM), LILACS, CINAHL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE. The search included variations and combinations of the terms targeting childhood adversity and psychosis.
Study results: Out of 585 identified studies published between 2010 and 2023, 341 employed a validated instrument to investigate childhood adversity. Our findings show "childhood trauma" being the most frequently examined construct, followed by "child maltreatment" or "child abuse." The short version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was the dominant instrument. Physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse were most frequently investigated, and indeed the field appears generally to focus on child abuse and neglect over other adversities. Significant psychometric heterogeneity was observed in the selection and summarization of instrument items, with only 59% of studies documenting original psychometric validation and 22% reporting reliability in their datasets.
Conclusion: This review highlights substantial methodological heterogeneity in the field, pointing out biases in the research on childhood adversity and psychosis. These findings underline the need for standardized definitions and high-quality measurement tools to enhance the validity of future research in this area.
背景:在过去的几十年中,有大量研究调查了儿童逆境与精神病的关系。本系统性综述批判性地研究了过去十年间调查儿童逆境与精神病的方法,包括这些研究中使用的工具的操作定义、测量工具和特点以及心理测量特性:本系统性综述遵循 PRISMA 指南(注册号 CRD42022307096),并使用以下电子数据库进行检索:PsychINFO、SCOPUS、Web of Science、African Index Medicus (AIM)、LILACS、CINAHL、EMBASE 和 MEDLINE。研究结果:研究结果:在 2010 年至 2023 年间发表的 585 项已确认研究中,有 341 项采用了经过验证的工具来调查儿童逆境。我们的研究结果表明,"童年创伤 "是最常被研究的概念,其次是 "虐待儿童 "或 "虐待儿童"。童年创伤问卷简版是最主要的调查工具。对身体虐待、情感虐待和性虐待的调查最为频繁,事实上,该领域似乎普遍关注虐待和忽视儿童,而不是其他逆境。在工具项目的选择和总结方面,我们观察到了显著的心理测量异质性,只有 59% 的研究记录了原始心理测量验证,22% 的研究报告了其数据集的可靠性:本综述强调了这一领域在方法上的巨大异质性,指出了儿童逆境和精神病研究中的偏差。这些发现强调了标准化定义和高质量测量工具的必要性,以提高该领域未来研究的有效性。
{"title":"Unraveling the Concept of Childhood Adversity in Psychosis Research: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sjur S Sætren, Jone R Bjørnestad, Akiah A Ottesen, Helen L Fisher, Daniel A S Olsen, Kari Hølland, Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbae085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbae085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the last decades, an abundance of studies has investigated childhood adversity in relation to psychosis. This systematic review critically examines the methodologies employed to investigate childhood adversity in psychosis over the past decade, including operational definitions, measurement tools and characteristics, and psychometric properties of instruments used in these studies.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines (registration number CRD42022307096), and the search used the following electronic databases: PsychINFO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, African Index Medicus (AIM), LILACS, CINAHL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE. The search included variations and combinations of the terms targeting childhood adversity and psychosis.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>Out of 585 identified studies published between 2010 and 2023, 341 employed a validated instrument to investigate childhood adversity. Our findings show \"childhood trauma\" being the most frequently examined construct, followed by \"child maltreatment\" or \"child abuse.\" The short version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was the dominant instrument. Physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse were most frequently investigated, and indeed the field appears generally to focus on child abuse and neglect over other adversities. Significant psychometric heterogeneity was observed in the selection and summarization of instrument items, with only 59% of studies documenting original psychometric validation and 22% reporting reliability in their datasets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights substantial methodological heterogeneity in the field, pointing out biases in the research on childhood adversity and psychosis. These findings underline the need for standardized definitions and high-quality measurement tools to enhance the validity of future research in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and hypothesis: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder usually presented in adulthood that affects roughly 0.3 percent of the population. The disease contributes to more than 13 million years lived with disability the global burden of disease. The current study aimed to provide new insights into the quality of care in Schizophrenia via the implementation of the newly introduced quality of care index (QCI) into the existing data.
Study design: The data from the global burden of disease database was used for schizophrenia. Two secondary indices were calculated from the available indices and used in a principal component analysis to develop a proxy of QCI for each country. The QCI was then compared between different sociodemographic index (SDI) and ages. To assess the disparity in QCI between the sexes, the gender disparity ratio (GDR) was also calculated and analyzed in different ages and SDIs.
Study results: The global QCI proxy score has improved between 1990 and 2019 by roughly 13.5%. Concerning the gender disparity, along with a rise in overall GDR the number of countries having a GDR score of around one has decreased which indicates an increase in gender disparity regarding quality of care of schizophrenia. Bhutan and Singapore had 2 of the highest QCIs in 2019 while also showing GDR scores close to one.
Conclusions: While the overall conditions in the quality of care have improved, significant disparities and differences still exist between different countries, genders, and ages in the quality of care regarding schizophrenia.
{"title":"A Global, Regional, and National Burden and Quality of Care Index for Schizophrenia: Global Burden of Disease Systematic Analysis 1990-2019.","authors":"Kaveh Same, Parnian Shobeiri, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Erfan Ghasemi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Esmaeil Mohammadi, Masoud Masinaei, Niloufar Salehi, Sahar Mohammadi Fateh, Seyed Farzad Maroufi, Elham Abdolhamidi, Mana Moghimi, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Negar Rezaei, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbad120","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schbul/sbad120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and hypothesis: </strong>Schizophrenia is a mental disorder usually presented in adulthood that affects roughly 0.3 percent of the population. The disease contributes to more than 13 million years lived with disability the global burden of disease. The current study aimed to provide new insights into the quality of care in Schizophrenia via the implementation of the newly introduced quality of care index (QCI) into the existing data.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The data from the global burden of disease database was used for schizophrenia. Two secondary indices were calculated from the available indices and used in a principal component analysis to develop a proxy of QCI for each country. The QCI was then compared between different sociodemographic index (SDI) and ages. To assess the disparity in QCI between the sexes, the gender disparity ratio (GDR) was also calculated and analyzed in different ages and SDIs.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>The global QCI proxy score has improved between 1990 and 2019 by roughly 13.5%. Concerning the gender disparity, along with a rise in overall GDR the number of countries having a GDR score of around one has decreased which indicates an increase in gender disparity regarding quality of care of schizophrenia. Bhutan and Singapore had 2 of the highest QCIs in 2019 while also showing GDR scores close to one.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the overall conditions in the quality of care have improved, significant disparities and differences still exist between different countries, genders, and ages in the quality of care regarding schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11349008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41111305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}