Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.124
Haiyang Deng, Yasong Deng
Background With the rapid aging of China’s population, the proportion of empty-nest elderly is increasing, and insufficient social support and emotional deprivation make them more susceptible to depressive symptoms. Depression in older adults commonly presents as sleep disorders, loss of interest, memory decline, and diminished self-worth. Although conventional antidepressants can relieve symptoms, long-term use may lead to tolerance, gastrointestinal discomfort, and dependence. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), based on the principle of “internal–external combined regulation,” aims to soothe the liver, alleviate depression, and harmonize qi, blood, and organ function. Based on this, the study conducted an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of oral Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture in improving depression in elderly people living alone. Methods A total of 150 elderly patients with mild to moderate depression who met the empty-nest criteria were enrolled and randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 75) or control group (n = 75). The experimental group received oral TCM decoction (including Radix Bupleuri, Angelica Sinensis, Curcuma aromatica, and Poria cocos) twice daily, and acupuncture at Baihui (GV20), Shenmen (HT7), and Taichong (LR3) three times per week for 12 weeks. The control group received Paroxetine Hydrochloride 10 mg/day combined with psychological counseling. Assessments were conducted at baseline, week 6, and week 12 using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Adverse reactions and functional ability were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), with p<.05 considered statistically significant. Results After 12 weeks, HAMD scores in the experimental group decreased from 19.7 ± 2.4 to 10.2 ± 2.1 (≈48.2% improvement), significantly better than the control group (from 19.5 ± 2.3 to 14.8 ± 2.6, ≈24.1%, p=.003). PSQI scores improved from 13.8 ± 2.7 to 7.1 ± 2.4 (≈48.6%), compared with 10.5 ± 2.5 in the control group (≈23.9%, p=.006). Social withdrawal incidence declined from 42.7% to 21.3% (≈50.1%) in the experimental group, higher than the ≈18.4% reduction in controls (p=.01). Functional decline was approximately 28.6% slower, and emotional fluctuation decreased by 41.8%, outperforming the 20.5% improvement in the control group. Compliance was high; only mild soreness and transient fatigue were reported after acupuncture, with no serious adverse events. Discussion The findings indicate that oral TCM combined with acupuncture significantly alleviates depressive symptoms in empty-nest elderly and improves sleep quality and functional stability, demonstrating its feasibility as an intervention for mild to moderate depression. The therapeutic mechanism may involve the modulation of central neurotransmitter balance, enhancement of qi and blood circulation, and regulation of neural emotional pathways. Exte
{"title":"125. Intervention study of oral traditional chinese medicine combined with acupuncture for depression IN empty-nest elderly","authors":"Haiyang Deng, Yasong Deng","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.124","url":null,"abstract":"Background With the rapid aging of China’s population, the proportion of empty-nest elderly is increasing, and insufficient social support and emotional deprivation make them more susceptible to depressive symptoms. Depression in older adults commonly presents as sleep disorders, loss of interest, memory decline, and diminished self-worth. Although conventional antidepressants can relieve symptoms, long-term use may lead to tolerance, gastrointestinal discomfort, and dependence. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), based on the principle of “internal–external combined regulation,” aims to soothe the liver, alleviate depression, and harmonize qi, blood, and organ function. Based on this, the study conducted an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of oral Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture in improving depression in elderly people living alone. Methods A total of 150 elderly patients with mild to moderate depression who met the empty-nest criteria were enrolled and randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 75) or control group (n = 75). The experimental group received oral TCM decoction (including Radix Bupleuri, Angelica Sinensis, Curcuma aromatica, and Poria cocos) twice daily, and acupuncture at Baihui (GV20), Shenmen (HT7), and Taichong (LR3) three times per week for 12 weeks. The control group received Paroxetine Hydrochloride 10 mg/day combined with psychological counseling. Assessments were conducted at baseline, week 6, and week 12 using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Adverse reactions and functional ability were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), with p&lt;.05 considered statistically significant. Results After 12 weeks, HAMD scores in the experimental group decreased from 19.7 ± 2.4 to 10.2 ± 2.1 (≈48.2% improvement), significantly better than the control group (from 19.5 ± 2.3 to 14.8 ± 2.6, ≈24.1%, p=.003). PSQI scores improved from 13.8 ± 2.7 to 7.1 ± 2.4 (≈48.6%), compared with 10.5 ± 2.5 in the control group (≈23.9%, p=.006). Social withdrawal incidence declined from 42.7% to 21.3% (≈50.1%) in the experimental group, higher than the ≈18.4% reduction in controls (p=.01). Functional decline was approximately 28.6% slower, and emotional fluctuation decreased by 41.8%, outperforming the 20.5% improvement in the control group. Compliance was high; only mild soreness and transient fatigue were reported after acupuncture, with no serious adverse events. Discussion The findings indicate that oral TCM combined with acupuncture significantly alleviates depressive symptoms in empty-nest elderly and improves sleep quality and functional stability, demonstrating its feasibility as an intervention for mild to moderate depression. The therapeutic mechanism may involve the modulation of central neurotransmitter balance, enhancement of qi and blood circulation, and regulation of neural emotional pathways. Exte","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.131
Haibo Ma
Background As an important carrier of cultural inheritance and emotional expression, cultural and creative products can achieve psychological comfort and repair by stimulating users’ collective memory and emotional resonance through their design. Psychological models provide theoretical support for understanding this process. For instance, the self-determination theory emphasizes that cultural and creative products satisfy users’ autonomy, competence and sense of belonging. If psychological models are applied to the design of cultural and creative products, it can accurately capture users’ deep-seated needs in cultural identity, emotional regulation and meaning construction. To explore the psychological healing influence mechanism of psychological models on the audience of cultural and creative product design, this study analyzes the design cases of cultural and creative products combined with psychological models. Methods The research selected 120 audiences for cultural and creative product design as experimental subjects and divided them into the experimental group and the control group. The control group received regular displays of cultural and creative products, while the experimental group experienced cultural and creative products that incorporated psychological model theories. The experiment lasts for four weeks, and every week, the research subjects are required to participate in cultural and creative product experience activities. Both groups of experimental subjects had moderate or severe symptoms of depression and anxiety before the experiment was conducted. Before and after the experiment, the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to evaluate their psychological healing situations. Results The scores of the depression and anxiety scales of the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, before the experiment was conducted, there were no significant differences in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups (p>.05), indicating that the baseline levels were consistent. After the experiment, the SDS score of the experimental group decreased from 2.25 ± 0.36 to 1.80 ± 0.22, and the SAS score decreased from 2.20 ± 0.40 to 1.81 ± 0.24. The reductions were significantly greater than those of the control group (p<.05). Discussion The design of cultural and creative products integrating psychological models has a significant promoting effect on the emotional regulation and psychological repair of the audience, which can alleviate their depression and anxiety and enhance their psychological resilience. At present, research is only limited to the observation of short-term intervention effects and lacks the tracking and verification of long-term psychological improvement effects. Subsequent studies can extend the intervention period and add follow-up links to assess the sustainability of its effects.
{"title":"132. The psychological healing of the audience in cultural and creative product design using psychological models","authors":"Haibo Ma","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.131","url":null,"abstract":"Background As an important carrier of cultural inheritance and emotional expression, cultural and creative products can achieve psychological comfort and repair by stimulating users’ collective memory and emotional resonance through their design. Psychological models provide theoretical support for understanding this process. For instance, the self-determination theory emphasizes that cultural and creative products satisfy users’ autonomy, competence and sense of belonging. If psychological models are applied to the design of cultural and creative products, it can accurately capture users’ deep-seated needs in cultural identity, emotional regulation and meaning construction. To explore the psychological healing influence mechanism of psychological models on the audience of cultural and creative product design, this study analyzes the design cases of cultural and creative products combined with psychological models. Methods The research selected 120 audiences for cultural and creative product design as experimental subjects and divided them into the experimental group and the control group. The control group received regular displays of cultural and creative products, while the experimental group experienced cultural and creative products that incorporated psychological model theories. The experiment lasts for four weeks, and every week, the research subjects are required to participate in cultural and creative product experience activities. Both groups of experimental subjects had moderate or severe symptoms of depression and anxiety before the experiment was conducted. Before and after the experiment, the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to evaluate their psychological healing situations. Results The scores of the depression and anxiety scales of the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, before the experiment was conducted, there were no significant differences in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups (p&gt;.05), indicating that the baseline levels were consistent. After the experiment, the SDS score of the experimental group decreased from 2.25 ± 0.36 to 1.80 ± 0.22, and the SAS score decreased from 2.20 ± 0.40 to 1.81 ± 0.24. The reductions were significantly greater than those of the control group (p&lt;.05). Discussion The design of cultural and creative products integrating psychological models has a significant promoting effect on the emotional regulation and psychological repair of the audience, which can alleviate their depression and anxiety and enhance their psychological resilience. At present, research is only limited to the observation of short-term intervention effects and lacks the tracking and verification of long-term psychological improvement effects. Subsequent studies can extend the intervention period and add follow-up links to assess the sustainability of its effects.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"377 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.196
Dejun Leng, Xuelei Liu, Yiyu Zhou
Background With the rapid development of e-commerce and social media, online marketing has been deeply integrated into the daily consumption decision-making process of individuals. Compared to general consumers, individuals with mental disorders exhibit certain functional limitations in emotional regulation, impulse control, and risk assessment, making them more susceptible to the high-frequency information stimulation and emotional induction prevalent in online marketing environments. Existing research primarily focuses on the psychological mechanisms of online marketing effects on the general population, while studies addressing the consumption behavior characteristics and influencing factors of this special group remain relatively limited. Based on this, the present study aims to explore the consumption behavior characteristics and influencing factors of individuals with mental disorders in online marketing environments, providing a scientific basis for improving online consumption protection mechanisms and related mental health interventions for special populations. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, selecting 180 patients with mental disorders from a follow-up management program at a mental health medical institution in a certain city. The participants ranged in age from 20 to 55 years, all possessed basic internet usage skills, and were in a stable phase of their condition. Structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic information, internet usage habits, and consumption behavior characteristics. The primary measurement tools included the Online Marketing Susceptibility Scale (OMSS), the Impulsiveness Scale (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, BIS-11), and a consumption behavior questionnaire. The relationship between online marketing factors and consumption behavior was analyzed using independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. The statistical significance level was set at p<.05. Results In the context of online marketing, the consumption behavior of patients with mental disorders is closely related to their sensitivity to online marketing and impulsive behavior levels. Correlation analysis indicates that Online Marketing Sensitivity Score (OMSS) shows a significant positive correlation with average monthly unplanned consumption expenditure (r = 0.43, p<.001) and a moderate positive correlation with the frequency of impulsive consumption (r = 0.46, p<.001). Further analysis reveals that emotion-inducing marketing and time-limited discount strategies exhibit the highest correlation with irrational consumption behaviors (r values of 0.39 and 0.41, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis results demonstrate that, after controlling for confounding factors such as age, gender, and internet usage duration, online marketing sensitivity (β = 0.38, p<.001) and impulsive behavior levels (β = 0.41, p<.001) remain signifi
{"title":"198. The consumption behavior of patients with mental disorders IN the environment of online marketing","authors":"Dejun Leng, Xuelei Liu, Yiyu Zhou","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.196","url":null,"abstract":"Background With the rapid development of e-commerce and social media, online marketing has been deeply integrated into the daily consumption decision-making process of individuals. Compared to general consumers, individuals with mental disorders exhibit certain functional limitations in emotional regulation, impulse control, and risk assessment, making them more susceptible to the high-frequency information stimulation and emotional induction prevalent in online marketing environments. Existing research primarily focuses on the psychological mechanisms of online marketing effects on the general population, while studies addressing the consumption behavior characteristics and influencing factors of this special group remain relatively limited. Based on this, the present study aims to explore the consumption behavior characteristics and influencing factors of individuals with mental disorders in online marketing environments, providing a scientific basis for improving online consumption protection mechanisms and related mental health interventions for special populations. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, selecting 180 patients with mental disorders from a follow-up management program at a mental health medical institution in a certain city. The participants ranged in age from 20 to 55 years, all possessed basic internet usage skills, and were in a stable phase of their condition. Structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic information, internet usage habits, and consumption behavior characteristics. The primary measurement tools included the Online Marketing Susceptibility Scale (OMSS), the Impulsiveness Scale (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, BIS-11), and a consumption behavior questionnaire. The relationship between online marketing factors and consumption behavior was analyzed using independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. The statistical significance level was set at p&lt;.05. Results In the context of online marketing, the consumption behavior of patients with mental disorders is closely related to their sensitivity to online marketing and impulsive behavior levels. Correlation analysis indicates that Online Marketing Sensitivity Score (OMSS) shows a significant positive correlation with average monthly unplanned consumption expenditure (r = 0.43, p&lt;.001) and a moderate positive correlation with the frequency of impulsive consumption (r = 0.46, p&lt;.001). Further analysis reveals that emotion-inducing marketing and time-limited discount strategies exhibit the highest correlation with irrational consumption behaviors (r values of 0.39 and 0.41, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis results demonstrate that, after controlling for confounding factors such as age, gender, and internet usage duration, online marketing sensitivity (β = 0.38, p&lt;.001) and impulsive behavior levels (β = 0.41, p&lt;.001) remain signifi","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.083
Yuwei Tang, Yanqin Cao
Background Currently, individuals with lived experience of mental illness face significant barriers in accessing mental health services, including persistent stigma, insufficient support resources, and limited accessibility of traditional service models. In recent years, digital mental health interventions have developed rapidly. Among them, Artificial Intelligence (AI) avatars, characterized by their high accessibility, interactive anthropomorphism, and emotional responsiveness, offer new possibilities for bridging existing service gaps. However, existing research has predominantly focused on efficacy verification, leaving a lack of in-depth exploration into the specific psychological and social mechanisms through which they exert therapeutic effects in this population. Therefore, this study aims to empirically and systematically analyze the potential therapeutic pathways and mechanisms of action of AI avatars in providing mental health support to this group. Methods The study recruited 96 participants who self-reported lived experience of mental illness and current moderate psychological distress. They were randomly assigned to Group A (n = 48) and Group B (n = 48). Group A engaged in structured dialogue support via an interactive interface with an AI avatar trained on principles of empathy and cognitive-behavioral therapy, for 20 minutes twice a week over a period of 6 weeks. Group B received standardized mental health education text materials of equal frequency and duration. Assessments were conducted before and at the end of the intervention using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS), and a self-developed Working Alliance Inventory (measuring the sense of connection with the avatar). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to test the intervention effects, and path analysis was employed to preliminarily explore the mediating role of the working alliance. Results Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant group (A vs. B) × time (pre- vs. post-intervention) interaction for K10 scores (F (1, 94) =21.37, p<.001, η2 = 0.19) and loneliness scores (F (1, 94) =18.52, p<.001, η2 = 0.16). Group A demonstrated a significant reduction in K10 scores (mean difference = −5.82, p<.001) and loneliness (mean difference = −4.15, p<.001) after the intervention, whereas no significant changes were observed in Group B. Path analysis indicated that the working alliance formed with the AI avatar significantly mediated the alleviation of psychological distress (indirect effect β = −0.31, p=.002). Discussion The study confirms that structured interaction with an AI avatar can effectively reduce psychological distress and loneliness in individuals with lived experience of mental illness, and that the therapeutic effect is partially achieved through the establishment of a positive working alliance. This suggests that the therapeutic mechanism of AI avat
{"title":"83. Exploration of the healing mechanism of virtual digital humans empowering patients with a history of psychiatric conditions","authors":"Yuwei Tang, Yanqin Cao","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.083","url":null,"abstract":"Background Currently, individuals with lived experience of mental illness face significant barriers in accessing mental health services, including persistent stigma, insufficient support resources, and limited accessibility of traditional service models. In recent years, digital mental health interventions have developed rapidly. Among them, Artificial Intelligence (AI) avatars, characterized by their high accessibility, interactive anthropomorphism, and emotional responsiveness, offer new possibilities for bridging existing service gaps. However, existing research has predominantly focused on efficacy verification, leaving a lack of in-depth exploration into the specific psychological and social mechanisms through which they exert therapeutic effects in this population. Therefore, this study aims to empirically and systematically analyze the potential therapeutic pathways and mechanisms of action of AI avatars in providing mental health support to this group. Methods The study recruited 96 participants who self-reported lived experience of mental illness and current moderate psychological distress. They were randomly assigned to Group A (n = 48) and Group B (n = 48). Group A engaged in structured dialogue support via an interactive interface with an AI avatar trained on principles of empathy and cognitive-behavioral therapy, for 20 minutes twice a week over a period of 6 weeks. Group B received standardized mental health education text materials of equal frequency and duration. Assessments were conducted before and at the end of the intervention using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS), and a self-developed Working Alliance Inventory (measuring the sense of connection with the avatar). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to test the intervention effects, and path analysis was employed to preliminarily explore the mediating role of the working alliance. Results Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant group (A vs. B) × time (pre- vs. post-intervention) interaction for K10 scores (F (1, 94) =21.37, p&lt;.001, η2 = 0.19) and loneliness scores (F (1, 94) =18.52, p&lt;.001, η2 = 0.16). Group A demonstrated a significant reduction in K10 scores (mean difference = −5.82, p&lt;.001) and loneliness (mean difference = −4.15, p&lt;.001) after the intervention, whereas no significant changes were observed in Group B. Path analysis indicated that the working alliance formed with the AI avatar significantly mediated the alleviation of psychological distress (indirect effect β = −0.31, p=.002). Discussion The study confirms that structured interaction with an AI avatar can effectively reduce psychological distress and loneliness in individuals with lived experience of mental illness, and that the therapeutic effect is partially achieved through the establishment of a positive working alliance. This suggests that the therapeutic mechanism of AI avat","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.137
Li Zhao
Background The construction of the rule of law in the new era places higher demands on university students majoring in law. In addition to solid professional competence, positive psychological qualities such as stress resistance, empathy, and professional identity are core supports for their adaptation to legal practice. At present, university psychological assessments lack evaluation systems for cultivating positive psychology that are tailored to the characteristics of law majors, resulting in cultivation efforts that lack precise guidance and scientific feedback. Therefore, it is necessary to study in connection with the training goals of law professionals to establish a systematic and practical evaluation system for cultivating positive psychology, providing theoretical and practical support for improving the mental health of law students. Methods This study selected 240 participants, including law students and faculty from three universities at different levels, as well as legal practitioners. A literature review was used to identify the core dimensions of positive psychology, and evaluation indicators were initially drafted based on the characteristics of the legal profession. The Delphi method was used to optimize the indicator system through two rounds of expert consultation, ultimately determine ng four primary dimensions and twelve secondary indicators. A “Positive Psychological Cultivation Evaluation Scale for Law Students” was developed, and a pre-survey was conducted with 180 students. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test construct validity, Cronbach’s α coefficient was used to test reliability, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each indicator. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Results As shown in Table 1, the evaluation system constructed in this study includes four primary dimensions: cognitive efficacy (weight 0.28), emotion management (0.25), professional identity (0.27), and social adaptation (0.20). In the pre-survey, the scores for each dimension were: cognitive efficacy 3.72 ± 0.58, emotion management 3.56 ± 0.61, professional identity 3.85 ± 0.53, and social adaptation 3.63 ± 0.59. Secondary indicators cover logical reasoning, stress management, and belief in the rule of law. The scale showed good reliability and validity, with a total Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.89 and α coefficients for each dimension ranging from 0.78 to 0.85. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a fit index χ2/df = 2.31, RMSEA = 0.07, and CFI = 0.92, indicating good structural fit. Discussion The evaluation system developed in the study shows that professional identity and cognitive efficacy account for the highest proportions, aligning with the core needs of talent development in the field of law, and possessing good scientific validity and practicality. This system can help accurately identify gaps in cultivation, optimize training programs, and in the future, it can expand sample
{"title":"138. Construction of an evaluation system for cultivating positive psychology among law students in higher education institutions in the new era","authors":"Li Zhao","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.137","url":null,"abstract":"Background The construction of the rule of law in the new era places higher demands on university students majoring in law. In addition to solid professional competence, positive psychological qualities such as stress resistance, empathy, and professional identity are core supports for their adaptation to legal practice. At present, university psychological assessments lack evaluation systems for cultivating positive psychology that are tailored to the characteristics of law majors, resulting in cultivation efforts that lack precise guidance and scientific feedback. Therefore, it is necessary to study in connection with the training goals of law professionals to establish a systematic and practical evaluation system for cultivating positive psychology, providing theoretical and practical support for improving the mental health of law students. Methods This study selected 240 participants, including law students and faculty from three universities at different levels, as well as legal practitioners. A literature review was used to identify the core dimensions of positive psychology, and evaluation indicators were initially drafted based on the characteristics of the legal profession. The Delphi method was used to optimize the indicator system through two rounds of expert consultation, ultimately determine ng four primary dimensions and twelve secondary indicators. A “Positive Psychological Cultivation Evaluation Scale for Law Students” was developed, and a pre-survey was conducted with 180 students. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test construct validity, Cronbach’s α coefficient was used to test reliability, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each indicator. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Results As shown in Table 1, the evaluation system constructed in this study includes four primary dimensions: cognitive efficacy (weight 0.28), emotion management (0.25), professional identity (0.27), and social adaptation (0.20). In the pre-survey, the scores for each dimension were: cognitive efficacy 3.72 ± 0.58, emotion management 3.56 ± 0.61, professional identity 3.85 ± 0.53, and social adaptation 3.63 ± 0.59. Secondary indicators cover logical reasoning, stress management, and belief in the rule of law. The scale showed good reliability and validity, with a total Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.89 and α coefficients for each dimension ranging from 0.78 to 0.85. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a fit index χ2/df = 2.31, RMSEA = 0.07, and CFI = 0.92, indicating good structural fit. Discussion The evaluation system developed in the study shows that professional identity and cognitive efficacy account for the highest proportions, aligning with the core needs of talent development in the field of law, and possessing good scientific validity and practicality. This system can help accurately identify gaps in cultivation, optimize training programs, and in the future, it can expand sample","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.129
Xiaohui Zhou
Background During the process of exercise, individuals can gain a sense of achievement and control, thereby enhancing their self-efficacy. Pickleball, as a non-verbal social medium, provides college students with a low-threshold and highly interactive communication scenario. Between hitting the ball back and forth, individuals need to focus on the present and react quickly. This immediate feedback mechanism helps cultivate psychological resilience. To explore the impact of this sport on the psychological state of college students, a pickleball exercise intervention experiment was constructed to conduct a pre-test and post-test comparison of students’ self-efficacy and psychological resilience levels. Methods A total of 118 students from two natural science classes in the first year of college were selected as the research subjects and divided into the experimental group and the control group. Among them, 59 students in the experimental group participated in an 8-week pickleball intervention course, twice a week, each session lasting 60 minutes. The content covered basic technical training, two-person cooperation and actual combat. However, the 59 people in the control group maintained their original physical education course arrangements and did not participate in pickleball training. The study evaluated the two groups of students before and after the intervention using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the Resilience Scale (RS-14). GSES uses a Likert 4-point scoring system, with a total score ranging from 10 to 40 points. The higher the score, the stronger the sense of self-efficacy. RS-14 is scored on a 5-point Likert scale, with a total score range of 14 to 70 points, reflecting an individual’s adaptability and recovery ability when facing pressure. The experiment lasted for two months. During the intervention period, the attendance, course participation and emotional state of the two groups of students were recorded synchronously. Results Before the experiment was conducted, there was no significant difference in the levels of self-efficacy and psychological resilience between the two groups of students (p<.05). One month after the experiment was carried out, the average GSES score of the students in the experimental group increased from 26.3 in the pre-test to 33.7, and the RS-14 score rose from 48.5 to 60.2, both of which were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<.05). Two months after the experiment was carried out, the average score of GSES in the experimental group further increased to 35.1, and the RS-14 score reached 62.8, which was significantly better than the level of the control group in the same period (p<.05). The self-efficacy and psychological resilience of the experimental group were significantly enhanced after participating in the exercise. Discussion Pickleball can effectively enhance college students’ self-efficacy and psychological resilience. This exercise intervention can
{"title":"130. The role of pickleball in enhancing the self-efficacy and psychological resilience of college students","authors":"Xiaohui Zhou","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.129","url":null,"abstract":"Background During the process of exercise, individuals can gain a sense of achievement and control, thereby enhancing their self-efficacy. Pickleball, as a non-verbal social medium, provides college students with a low-threshold and highly interactive communication scenario. Between hitting the ball back and forth, individuals need to focus on the present and react quickly. This immediate feedback mechanism helps cultivate psychological resilience. To explore the impact of this sport on the psychological state of college students, a pickleball exercise intervention experiment was constructed to conduct a pre-test and post-test comparison of students’ self-efficacy and psychological resilience levels. Methods A total of 118 students from two natural science classes in the first year of college were selected as the research subjects and divided into the experimental group and the control group. Among them, 59 students in the experimental group participated in an 8-week pickleball intervention course, twice a week, each session lasting 60 minutes. The content covered basic technical training, two-person cooperation and actual combat. However, the 59 people in the control group maintained their original physical education course arrangements and did not participate in pickleball training. The study evaluated the two groups of students before and after the intervention using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the Resilience Scale (RS-14). GSES uses a Likert 4-point scoring system, with a total score ranging from 10 to 40 points. The higher the score, the stronger the sense of self-efficacy. RS-14 is scored on a 5-point Likert scale, with a total score range of 14 to 70 points, reflecting an individual’s adaptability and recovery ability when facing pressure. The experiment lasted for two months. During the intervention period, the attendance, course participation and emotional state of the two groups of students were recorded synchronously. Results Before the experiment was conducted, there was no significant difference in the levels of self-efficacy and psychological resilience between the two groups of students (p&lt;.05). One month after the experiment was carried out, the average GSES score of the students in the experimental group increased from 26.3 in the pre-test to 33.7, and the RS-14 score rose from 48.5 to 60.2, both of which were significantly higher than those of the control group (p&lt;.05). Two months after the experiment was carried out, the average score of GSES in the experimental group further increased to 35.1, and the RS-14 score reached 62.8, which was significantly better than the level of the control group in the same period (p&lt;.05). The self-efficacy and psychological resilience of the experimental group were significantly enhanced after participating in the exercise. Discussion Pickleball can effectively enhance college students’ self-efficacy and psychological resilience. This exercise intervention can","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.134
Faping Zhang
Background Clinical outcomes for patients with mental disorders vary significantly in community-based mental health care. While some patients experience short-term symptom relief, approximately 30% continue to experience persistent psychological symptoms or social dysfunction for months to years. Identifying social behavioral and neurophysiological indicators that can predict early deterioration of mental health is crucial for optimizing community interventions. Insufficient social support and low group participation are key factors contributing to functional limitations in patients with mental disorders. Dance sports, as an active intervention combining physical activity and social interaction, can improve mood regulation and social adaptation through rhythm, physical coordination, and group communication. Therefore, this study introduces structured dance sports training into routine community mental health care to explore its impact on patients’ psychological symptoms, social function, and quality of life, providing empirical evidence for early non-pharmacological interventions in community-based mental health care. Methods This study recruited 120 adults (18 ~ 55 years old) with mild to moderate mental disorders from two community health service centers and randomly assigned them to an experimental group (n = 60) and a control group (n = 60). The experimental group received 12 weeks of structured ballroom dance training, three times a week for 60 minutes each time, including basic movements of ballroom and Latin dances, rhythm training, and group interaction. The control group maintained routine psychological care and health education activities. The primary assessment endpoints included the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS). The scales were assessed at baseline (T0), mid-week 6 (T1), and end of week 12 (T2). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Cohen’s effect size to assess between-group and within-group variations. Results After the intervention, the total SCL-90 score in the experimental group decreased from 75.4 ± 12.3 at baseline to 58.7 ± 10.1 at T2 (p<.001, d = 1.45), with the most significant decreases in anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive factors (all p<.01), while the control group showed no significant change (baseline is 74.2 ± 11.7, T2 is 71.5 ± 12.0, p=.12). The SFS score showed an improvement in social interaction ability in the experimental group from 55.6 ± 10.2 to 68.4 ± 9.7 (p<.001, d = 1.22), with significant improvements in participation and social role fulfillment, while the control group showed no significant change (p=.15). Mid-term T1 assessment showed a significant downward trend in psychological symptoms in the experimental group, indicating that the dance-sports intervention can produce positive effects in the short term. Discussion Research indicates that integrating dance-ball movement into community mental health care can significa
背景：在社区精神卫生保健中，精神障碍患者的临床结局差异显著。虽然一些患者出现短期症状缓解，但约30%的患者持续数月至数年出现持续的心理症状或社交功能障碍。确定能够预测心理健康早期恶化的社会行为和神经生理指标对于优化社区干预至关重要。社会支持不足和群体参与度低是导致精神障碍患者功能受限的关键因素。舞蹈运动作为一种身体活动与社会交往相结合的主动干预，可以通过节奏、身体协调、群体沟通等方式提高情绪调节和社会适应能力。因此，本研究将结构化舞蹈运动训练引入常规社区心理卫生保健，探讨其对患者心理症状、社会功能和生活质量的影响，为社区心理卫生保健的早期非药物干预提供经验证据。方法从两个社区卫生服务中心招募120名18 ~ 55岁轻中度精神障碍患者，随机分为实验组（n = 60）和对照组（n = 60）。实验组接受为期12周的结构化交际舞训练，每周三次，每次60分钟，包括交际舞、拉丁舞的基本动作、节奏训练、群体互动。对照组维持常规的心理护理和健康教育活动。主要评估终点包括症状表90 （SCL-90）和社会功能量表（SFS）。分别在基线（T0）、第6周中期（T1）和第12周末（T2）对量表进行评估。数据分析采用重复测量方差分析和科恩效应量来评估组间和组内变化。结果干预后，实验组SCL-90总分由基线时的75.4±12.3分降至T2时的58.7±10.1分。001, d = 1.45)，焦虑、抑郁和强迫因素的减少最为显著(均为p&；lt;；而对照组无明显变化（基线74.2±11.7,T2 71.5±12.0,p= 0.12）。SFS评分显示，实验组的社交能力由55.6±10.2分提高到68.4±9.7分（p<）。001, d = 1.22)，在参与和社会角色履行方面有显著改善，而对照组无显著变化（p=.15）。中期T1评估显示实验组心理症状有明显下降趋势，说明体育舞蹈干预在短期内可以产生积极效果。研究表明，将舞蹈运动纳入社区精神卫生保健可以显著改善心理症状、生活质量和社会功能。其作用机制不仅包括神经生理激活，还包括社会互动、群体支持和自我认同的增强。舞蹈干预具有短期效果，可作为社区精神卫生保健的可持续活动模式加以推广和应用。未来研究可进一步探索不同舞蹈类型、干预频率及长期维持效果，优化个性化社区干预方案，提高患者整体生活适应能力。
{"title":"135. Sociological mechanisms and clinical practices of integrating dance sport into community mental health nursing","authors":"Faping Zhang","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.134","url":null,"abstract":"Background Clinical outcomes for patients with mental disorders vary significantly in community-based mental health care. While some patients experience short-term symptom relief, approximately 30% continue to experience persistent psychological symptoms or social dysfunction for months to years. Identifying social behavioral and neurophysiological indicators that can predict early deterioration of mental health is crucial for optimizing community interventions. Insufficient social support and low group participation are key factors contributing to functional limitations in patients with mental disorders. Dance sports, as an active intervention combining physical activity and social interaction, can improve mood regulation and social adaptation through rhythm, physical coordination, and group communication. Therefore, this study introduces structured dance sports training into routine community mental health care to explore its impact on patients’ psychological symptoms, social function, and quality of life, providing empirical evidence for early non-pharmacological interventions in community-based mental health care. Methods This study recruited 120 adults (18 ~ 55 years old) with mild to moderate mental disorders from two community health service centers and randomly assigned them to an experimental group (n = 60) and a control group (n = 60). The experimental group received 12 weeks of structured ballroom dance training, three times a week for 60 minutes each time, including basic movements of ballroom and Latin dances, rhythm training, and group interaction. The control group maintained routine psychological care and health education activities. The primary assessment endpoints included the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS). The scales were assessed at baseline (T0), mid-week 6 (T1), and end of week 12 (T2). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Cohen’s effect size to assess between-group and within-group variations. Results After the intervention, the total SCL-90 score in the experimental group decreased from 75.4 ± 12.3 at baseline to 58.7 ± 10.1 at T2 (p&lt;.001, d = 1.45), with the most significant decreases in anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive factors (all p&lt;.01), while the control group showed no significant change (baseline is 74.2 ± 11.7, T2 is 71.5 ± 12.0, p=.12). The SFS score showed an improvement in social interaction ability in the experimental group from 55.6 ± 10.2 to 68.4 ± 9.7 (p&lt;.001, d = 1.22), with significant improvements in participation and social role fulfillment, while the control group showed no significant change (p=.15). Mid-term T1 assessment showed a significant downward trend in psychological symptoms in the experimental group, indicating that the dance-sports intervention can produce positive effects in the short term. Discussion Research indicates that integrating dance-ball movement into community mental health care can significa","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"300 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.275
Xiaoxiao Jin, Luanhua Chang
Background Social media has become an important scene for modern people's daily interaction, and the correlation between its human-computer interaction behavior characteristics and users' psychological health, especially loneliness, has received widespread attention. Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that passive browsing and social comparison may exacerbate feelings of loneliness, while active and supportive interaction may alleviate loneliness. However, there is still a lack of long-term tracking evidence on how these behavioral characteristics change over time and are dynamically associated with feelings of loneliness. The study adopts a longitudinal design to systematically examine the temporal relationship between the duration of social media use, content interaction behavior, language style, and changes in loneliness, providing longitudinal evidence for a deeper understanding of the psychological impact of social media use. Methods The study adopted a one-year longitudinal tracking design with three waves, including T1, T2, T3 (with a 2-month interval between each group), and four groups with a 6-month interval. A total of 320 active social media users aged 18-35 were recruited through online platforms, and 298 valid samples were ultimately included, with an average age of 26.4 years and 58% being females. Obtain objective behavioral data through backend authorization, including daily average usage duration, frequency of interaction types, and language style extraction of post texts voluntarily provided by users through language analysis tools (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, LIWC). Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.3, including correlation analysis, cross lagged model testing of temporal predictive relationships between variables, and control for covariates such as gender, age, and offline social support. Results Descriptive statistics show that the average daily social media usage time of users is 2.8 hours (SD = 1.4), with likes being the most frequent interactive behavior. Cross lag model analysis revealed. (1) The difference in usage duration between T1 and T2 significantly positively predicts loneliness (β = 0.18, p<.01), but T2 loneliness cannot predict changes in T3 usage duration. (2) Those with higher frequency of content interaction T1 comments and private message interactions have significantly lower T2 loneliness (β = -0.15, p<.05), and lower T2 loneliness further predicts higher T3 active interaction behavior (β = 0.12, p<.05), showing a bidirectional protective association. (3) The higher frequency of first person singular words in language style T1 post texts significantly positively predicts T2 loneliness (β = 0.22, p<.01), while the proportion of positive emotion words negatively predicts (β = -0.14, p<.05). The proportion of negative emotion words is correlated with loneliness in the cross
{"title":"277. Characteristics of human-computer interaction behavior on social media: a longitudinal study on the correlation between usage duration, content interaction, language style, and loneliness","authors":"Xiaoxiao Jin, Luanhua Chang","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.275","url":null,"abstract":"Background Social media has become an important scene for modern people's daily interaction, and the correlation between its human-computer interaction behavior characteristics and users' psychological health, especially loneliness, has received widespread attention. Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that passive browsing and social comparison may exacerbate feelings of loneliness, while active and supportive interaction may alleviate loneliness. However, there is still a lack of long-term tracking evidence on how these behavioral characteristics change over time and are dynamically associated with feelings of loneliness. The study adopts a longitudinal design to systematically examine the temporal relationship between the duration of social media use, content interaction behavior, language style, and changes in loneliness, providing longitudinal evidence for a deeper understanding of the psychological impact of social media use. Methods The study adopted a one-year longitudinal tracking design with three waves, including T1, T2, T3 (with a 2-month interval between each group), and four groups with a 6-month interval. A total of 320 active social media users aged 18-35 were recruited through online platforms, and 298 valid samples were ultimately included, with an average age of 26.4 years and 58% being females. Obtain objective behavioral data through backend authorization, including daily average usage duration, frequency of interaction types, and language style extraction of post texts voluntarily provided by users through language analysis tools (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, LIWC). Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.3, including correlation analysis, cross lagged model testing of temporal predictive relationships between variables, and control for covariates such as gender, age, and offline social support. Results Descriptive statistics show that the average daily social media usage time of users is 2.8 hours (SD = 1.4), with likes being the most frequent interactive behavior. Cross lag model analysis revealed. (1) The difference in usage duration between T1 and T2 significantly positively predicts loneliness (β = 0.18, p&lt;.01), but T2 loneliness cannot predict changes in T3 usage duration. (2) Those with higher frequency of content interaction T1 comments and private message interactions have significantly lower T2 loneliness (β = -0.15, p&lt;.05), and lower T2 loneliness further predicts higher T3 active interaction behavior (β = 0.12, p&lt;.05), showing a bidirectional protective association. (3) The higher frequency of first person singular words in language style T1 post texts significantly positively predicts T2 loneliness (β = 0.22, p&lt;.01), while the proportion of positive emotion words negatively predicts (β = -0.14, p&lt;.05). The proportion of negative emotion words is correlated with loneliness in the cross ","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.263
Xiafei Liu
Background College students with social anxiety often exhibit negative self-evaluation, social avoidance, and excessive self-focus, which significantly impair their social functioning and academic performance in classroom presentations, interviews, and interpersonal interactions. Although cognitive behavioral interventions and group counseling are widely used, some individuals still experience residual tension, persistent rumination, and heightened sensitivity to physiological arousal, indicating the need to explore more effective intervention approaches that improve emotional processing patterns and reduce self-focused biases. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), through mindfulness practices and cognitive decentering training, may reduce reactivity to internal experiences and enhance emotional regulation flexibility. However, randomized controlled trials and follow-up evidence for MBCT in college students with social anxiety remain insufficient, and key psychological mechanisms lack longitudinal validation. To address this, the study employs randomized grouping and multi-timewide measurements to compare intervention effects and examine the predictive value of mechanism indicators on symptom trajectories, aiming to evaluate the sustained intervention value of MBCT for college students with social anxiety. Methods The study enrolled 318 college students for baseline assessment, with 240 participants meeting social anxiety screening criteria randomized into intervention groups. A control group of 78 low-anxiety students served as baseline reference. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three 8-week interventions: (1) Mindfulness-Cognitive Therapy (n = 80), (2) Group Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (n = 78), or (3) Waiting List Control (n = 82). Key outcomes included Social Anxiety Symptom Scale scores, negative self-focus and rumination levels, emotion regulation strategies, and mindfulness awareness. Results Experimental results demonstrated that compared to the traditional cognitive behavioral intervention group and waiting control group, the mindfulness cognitive therapy group showed significant reduction in social anxiety symptoms at the end of intervention (p<.001, d = 0.52), with the improvement remaining stable during follow-up (p=.004). In terms of psychological mechanism indicators, the mindfulness awareness level in the mindfulness cognitive therapy group increased significantly (p=.002, d = 0.48), while negative self-focus decreased markedly (p=.009, d = 0.41), and emotional reactivity also showed a significant downward trend. Physiological indicators revealed that the heart rate variability in the mindfulness cognitive therapy group during social situational tasks increased significantly (p=.01, d = 0.39), indicating improved autonomic nervous system regulation. Further analysis showed that both the elevated mindfulness awareness (p=.02) and reduced negative self-focus (p=.03) could predict lower social anxiety
背景社交焦虑大学生往往表现出消极的自我评价、社交回避和过度的自我关注，显著影响其在课堂陈述、面试和人际交往中的社会功能和学习成绩。尽管认知行为干预和团体咨询被广泛使用，但一些个体仍然存在残余紧张，持续反刍和对生理唤醒的高度敏感性，这表明需要探索更有效的干预方法来改善情绪处理模式和减少自我关注偏见。正念认知疗法（MBCT）通过正念练习和认知去中心化训练，可以减少对内在体验的反应性，增强情绪调节的灵活性。然而，MBCT在大学生社交焦虑中的随机对照试验和随访证据仍然不足，关键的心理机制缺乏纵向验证。为此，本研究采用随机分组、多时段测量等方法比较干预效果，检验机制指标对症状轨迹的预测价值，旨在评价MBCT对大学生社交焦虑的持续干预价值。方法对318名大学生进行基线评估，240名符合社交焦虑筛查标准的被试随机分为干预组。对照组78名低焦虑学生作为基准参考。参与者被随机分配到三个为期8周的干预中的一个：(1)正念认知疗法（n = 80），(2)群体认知行为干预（n = 78），或(3)等候名单控制（n = 82）。主要结果包括社交焦虑症状量表得分、消极自我关注和反刍水平、情绪调节策略和正念意识。结果实验结果显示，与传统认知行为干预组和等待对照组相比，正念认知治疗组在干预结束时社交焦虑症状显著减少（p<）。001, d = 0.52)，随访期间改善保持稳定（p= 0.004）。心理机制指标方面，正念认知治疗组正念意识水平显著提高（p= 0.002, d = 0.48），负性自我关注显著降低（p= 0.009, d = 0.41），情绪反应性也呈显著下降趋势。生理指标显示，正念认知治疗组在社交情境任务中的心率变异性显著增加（p= 0.01, d = 0.39），表明自主神经系统调节得到改善。进一步分析表明，正念意识的提高（p= 0.02）和负性自我关注的减少（p= 0.03）都可以预测随访期间社交焦虑症状水平的降低，并与症状复发风险的降低相关。研究结果表明，正念认知疗法（MBCT）显著缓解了大学生的社交焦虑，并在随访期间观察到持续的改善。其效果与群体认知行为干预相匹配或优于群体认知行为干预。其影响的核心心理和生理机制可能包括增强正念意识，减少反刍和消极自我关注，以及减少应激情境下的唤醒反应。本研究提示MBCT作为一种有效的群体干预方法，可作为传统心理服务的替代方案。未来的研究应该比较不同的训练强度和数字实施方法，同时确定对正念干预更敏感的亚群体，以提高目标有效性。
{"title":"265. The intervention effect and follow-up of mindfulness cognitive therapy on college students' social anxiety","authors":"Xiafei Liu","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.263","url":null,"abstract":"Background College students with social anxiety often exhibit negative self-evaluation, social avoidance, and excessive self-focus, which significantly impair their social functioning and academic performance in classroom presentations, interviews, and interpersonal interactions. Although cognitive behavioral interventions and group counseling are widely used, some individuals still experience residual tension, persistent rumination, and heightened sensitivity to physiological arousal, indicating the need to explore more effective intervention approaches that improve emotional processing patterns and reduce self-focused biases. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), through mindfulness practices and cognitive decentering training, may reduce reactivity to internal experiences and enhance emotional regulation flexibility. However, randomized controlled trials and follow-up evidence for MBCT in college students with social anxiety remain insufficient, and key psychological mechanisms lack longitudinal validation. To address this, the study employs randomized grouping and multi-timewide measurements to compare intervention effects and examine the predictive value of mechanism indicators on symptom trajectories, aiming to evaluate the sustained intervention value of MBCT for college students with social anxiety. Methods The study enrolled 318 college students for baseline assessment, with 240 participants meeting social anxiety screening criteria randomized into intervention groups. A control group of 78 low-anxiety students served as baseline reference. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three 8-week interventions: (1) Mindfulness-Cognitive Therapy (n = 80), (2) Group Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (n = 78), or (3) Waiting List Control (n = 82). Key outcomes included Social Anxiety Symptom Scale scores, negative self-focus and rumination levels, emotion regulation strategies, and mindfulness awareness. Results Experimental results demonstrated that compared to the traditional cognitive behavioral intervention group and waiting control group, the mindfulness cognitive therapy group showed significant reduction in social anxiety symptoms at the end of intervention (p&lt;.001, d = 0.52), with the improvement remaining stable during follow-up (p=.004). In terms of psychological mechanism indicators, the mindfulness awareness level in the mindfulness cognitive therapy group increased significantly (p=.002, d = 0.48), while negative self-focus decreased markedly (p=.009, d = 0.41), and emotional reactivity also showed a significant downward trend. Physiological indicators revealed that the heart rate variability in the mindfulness cognitive therapy group during social situational tasks increased significantly (p=.01, d = 0.39), indicating improved autonomic nervous system regulation. Further analysis showed that both the elevated mindfulness awareness (p=.02) and reduced negative self-focus (p=.03) could predict lower social anxiety","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.184
Ting Peng
Background As mental health issues among college students become increasingly prominent, traditional ideological and political education (Ideo-Political Education) models are facing challenges. While such education inherently holds potential for emotional support and psychological counseling, empirical evidence for systematically integrating psychological techniques to enhance its counseling efficacy remains scarce. Accordingly, based on the theories of empathy, cognitive restructuring and emotional regulation, this study developed and tested an Ideo-Political intervention program integrated with emotional counseling techniques. It aimed to assess the program’s effects on alleviating students’ emotional distress, enhancing their psychological resilience and improving life satisfaction, as well as explore a practical path for the collaborative education of Ideo-Political Education and mental health education. Methods A quasi-experimental design was adopted. A total of 200 freshmen and sophomores from four randomly selected ideological and political courses at a university were divided into an experimental group (n = 100) and a control group (n = 100). The experimental group received a structured emotional counseling module embedded in the 16-week Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Legal Basis course, covering empathy discussion, emotional expression training, cognitive restructuring exercises, group situational simulation, reflective writing and teacher feedback, while the control group received regular instruction. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item scale (PHQ-9), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used for assessments at pre-test (T0), mid-test (8th week, T1) and post-test (16th week, T2). Repeated measures analysis of variance (p<.5) was applied for data analysis. Results Core results are presented in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the GAD-7 score of the experimental group was 5.2 ± 3.0, significantly lower than that of the control group (8.1 ± 3.5, p<.001), indicating effective alleviation of generalized anxiety symptoms. Meanwhile, the experimental group’s PHQ-9 score was 4.8 ± 2.8, versus 7.5 ± 3.2 in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (p<.001). For positive indicators, the experimental group achieved significantly higher CD-RISC (72.4 ± 8.1) and SWLS (25.1 ± 4.3) scores than the control group (p<.001), reflecting enhanced psychological resilience and improved life satisfaction. Discussion After a 16-week ideological and political education intervention integrated with psychological techniques, college students showed significant improvements in emotional state, psychological resilience and life satisfaction. The experimental group exhibited marked reductions in anxiety and depression, with greater improvements than the control group. Results indicate that systematically incorp
{"title":"186. A study on the emotional counseling function and mental health education strategies of ideological and political education in colleges from a psychological perspective","authors":"Ting Peng","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.184","url":null,"abstract":"Background As mental health issues among college students become increasingly prominent, traditional ideological and political education (Ideo-Political Education) models are facing challenges. While such education inherently holds potential for emotional support and psychological counseling, empirical evidence for systematically integrating psychological techniques to enhance its counseling efficacy remains scarce. Accordingly, based on the theories of empathy, cognitive restructuring and emotional regulation, this study developed and tested an Ideo-Political intervention program integrated with emotional counseling techniques. It aimed to assess the program’s effects on alleviating students’ emotional distress, enhancing their psychological resilience and improving life satisfaction, as well as explore a practical path for the collaborative education of Ideo-Political Education and mental health education. Methods A quasi-experimental design was adopted. A total of 200 freshmen and sophomores from four randomly selected ideological and political courses at a university were divided into an experimental group (n = 100) and a control group (n = 100). The experimental group received a structured emotional counseling module embedded in the 16-week Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Legal Basis course, covering empathy discussion, emotional expression training, cognitive restructuring exercises, group situational simulation, reflective writing and teacher feedback, while the control group received regular instruction. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item scale (PHQ-9), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used for assessments at pre-test (T0), mid-test (8th week, T1) and post-test (16th week, T2). Repeated measures analysis of variance (p&lt;.5) was applied for data analysis. Results Core results are presented in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the GAD-7 score of the experimental group was 5.2 ± 3.0, significantly lower than that of the control group (8.1 ± 3.5, p&lt;.001), indicating effective alleviation of generalized anxiety symptoms. Meanwhile, the experimental group’s PHQ-9 score was 4.8 ± 2.8, versus 7.5 ± 3.2 in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (p&lt;.001). For positive indicators, the experimental group achieved significantly higher CD-RISC (72.4 ± 8.1) and SWLS (25.1 ± 4.3) scores than the control group (p&lt;.001), reflecting enhanced psychological resilience and improved life satisfaction. Discussion After a 16-week ideological and political education intervention integrated with psychological techniques, college students showed significant improvements in emotional state, psychological resilience and life satisfaction. The experimental group exhibited marked reductions in anxiety and depression, with greater improvements than the control group. Results indicate that systematically incorp","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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