Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.087
Xichun Han
Background The mental health of teachers is closely linked to their teaching efficacy, particularly in high-pressure academic environments where college English instructors frequently experience anxiety, which adversely affects both teaching effectiveness and mental well-being. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), an effective psychological intervention, has been shown to alleviate stress, reduce anxiety, and enhance mental health. This study investigates the impact of MBSR training on college English teachers' teaching efficacy and anxiety levels, exploring its potential as a mental health intervention tool. Methods The study employed a quasi-experimental design, selecting 60 English teachers from three universities as research subjects. All participants, aged 25 to 45 with 3 to 15 years of teaching experience, exhibited varying levels of teaching anxiety. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 30 individuals. The experimental group received eight weeks of mindfulness-based stress reduction training, with weekly 90-minute sessions covering mindfulness meditation, breathing exercises, body awareness, present moment awareness techniques, and self-regulation methods. Before and after the intervention, all participants completed the Teaching Effectiveness Scale (TES) and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to assess their teaching efficacy and anxiety levels. The TES measured teachers 'confidence in their teaching abilities, covering dimensions such as self-efficacy, student interaction, and classroom management. The STAI evaluated teachers' anxiety, including two subscales: state anxiety and trait anxiety. In data processing, paired t-tests were first conducted on pre-intervention and post-intervention questionnaire data to compare differences in teaching efficacy and anxiety between groups. To control for confounding variables, ANCOVA was used to further analyze changes before and after the intervention, excluding the influence of other potential factors. Results The experimental group demonstrated significantly enhanced teaching efficacy, with TES scores showing a steady upward trend compared to pre-intervention levels and statistically significant differences from the control group (p<.01). Teachers in the experimental group exhibited varying degrees of improvement across multiple dimensions including classroom management, self-efficacy, and instructional strategy application. In contrast, control group teachers maintained stable TES scores throughout the eight-week period without significant changes, indicating that the improvement in teaching efficacy primarily stemmed from mindfulness intervention effects. Regarding anxiety levels, the experimental group also showed remarkable emotional improvements. Their STAI scores decreased by an average of 18% compared to pre-intervention levels, with both state and trait anxiety showing downward trends. This suggests that mindfu
{"title":"87. Intervention study on the effect of mindfulness stress reduction training on the teaching effectiveness and anxiety of college english teachers","authors":"Xichun Han","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.087","url":null,"abstract":"Background The mental health of teachers is closely linked to their teaching efficacy, particularly in high-pressure academic environments where college English instructors frequently experience anxiety, which adversely affects both teaching effectiveness and mental well-being. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), an effective psychological intervention, has been shown to alleviate stress, reduce anxiety, and enhance mental health. This study investigates the impact of MBSR training on college English teachers' teaching efficacy and anxiety levels, exploring its potential as a mental health intervention tool. Methods The study employed a quasi-experimental design, selecting 60 English teachers from three universities as research subjects. All participants, aged 25 to 45 with 3 to 15 years of teaching experience, exhibited varying levels of teaching anxiety. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 30 individuals. The experimental group received eight weeks of mindfulness-based stress reduction training, with weekly 90-minute sessions covering mindfulness meditation, breathing exercises, body awareness, present moment awareness techniques, and self-regulation methods. Before and after the intervention, all participants completed the Teaching Effectiveness Scale (TES) and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to assess their teaching efficacy and anxiety levels. The TES measured teachers 'confidence in their teaching abilities, covering dimensions such as self-efficacy, student interaction, and classroom management. The STAI evaluated teachers' anxiety, including two subscales: state anxiety and trait anxiety. In data processing, paired t-tests were first conducted on pre-intervention and post-intervention questionnaire data to compare differences in teaching efficacy and anxiety between groups. To control for confounding variables, ANCOVA was used to further analyze changes before and after the intervention, excluding the influence of other potential factors. Results The experimental group demonstrated significantly enhanced teaching efficacy, with TES scores showing a steady upward trend compared to pre-intervention levels and statistically significant differences from the control group (p&lt;.01). Teachers in the experimental group exhibited varying degrees of improvement across multiple dimensions including classroom management, self-efficacy, and instructional strategy application. In contrast, control group teachers maintained stable TES scores throughout the eight-week period without significant changes, indicating that the improvement in teaching efficacy primarily stemmed from mindfulness intervention effects. Regarding anxiety levels, the experimental group also showed remarkable emotional improvements. Their STAI scores decreased by an average of 18% compared to pre-intervention levels, with both state and trait anxiety showing downward trends. This suggests that mindfu","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.194
Ruimei Wang
Background The rising economic pressure on residents caused by global economic fluctuations has become an important trigger for the onset and deterioration of depression. Meanwhile, the traditional centralized hospital care model is difficult to meet the long-term care needs of depression patients under economic pressure. Most existing studies focus on the improvement effect of a single medical intervention on the symptoms of depression, and rarely combine the community care model with the background of economic pressure. Therefore, the study aims to verify the effectiveness of the community care model in improving the mental health level of patients with depression related to economic stress, and to evaluate its cost–benefit advantages from the dimensions of cost input and health output. Methods The study adopted a randomized controlled trial design. A total of 240 patients diagnosed with depression in a certain area from January 2023 to January 2024, who met the diagnostic criteria and had significant economic pressure, were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group in a 1:1 ratio, with 120 cases in each group. The control group adopted the conventional hospital outpatient nursing model, while the intervention group implemented the community nursing model. The intervention period for both groups of patients was 6 months. During the research process, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was adopted. The mental Health status was evaluated by HAMD-17 and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Depression Scale (PHQ-9). Results After 6 months of intervention, the score of the HAMD-17 scale in the intervention group decreased from 26.3 ± 4.1 points before the intervention to 8.7 ± 2.5 points, and the score of the PHQ-9 scale decreased from 18.5 ± 3.2 points before the intervention to 5.2 ± 1.8 points. The score of the HAMD-17 scale in the control group decreased from 25.9 ± 3.8 points to 15.3 ± 3.0 points, and the score of the PHQ-9 scale decreased from 18.1 ± 3.0 points to 10.6 ± 2.2 points. The difference in the decrease of scale scores between the two groups was statistically significant (p<.001). The cost-effectiveness ratio calculation results show that for every 1-point reduction in the scale score of the intervention group, the required cost is 40.6 yuan, while that of the control group is 126.3 yuan. The cost benefit advantage of the intervention group is significant (p<.001). Discussion The research results confirm that the community care model under the background of economic pressure can significantly improve the mental health symptoms of patients with depression, enhance treatment compliance, and effectively reduce the total medical cost, demonstrating a prominent cost–benefit advantage. This model, by decentralizing medical resources to communities, resolves the medical treatment obstacles faced by economically pressured patients due to issues such as transportation and costs, and enhances the accessibilit
{"title":"196. The effect and COST-effectiveness of community nursing models on mental health care for patients with depression under economic pressure","authors":"Ruimei Wang","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.194","url":null,"abstract":"Background The rising economic pressure on residents caused by global economic fluctuations has become an important trigger for the onset and deterioration of depression. Meanwhile, the traditional centralized hospital care model is difficult to meet the long-term care needs of depression patients under economic pressure. Most existing studies focus on the improvement effect of a single medical intervention on the symptoms of depression, and rarely combine the community care model with the background of economic pressure. Therefore, the study aims to verify the effectiveness of the community care model in improving the mental health level of patients with depression related to economic stress, and to evaluate its cost–benefit advantages from the dimensions of cost input and health output. Methods The study adopted a randomized controlled trial design. A total of 240 patients diagnosed with depression in a certain area from January 2023 to January 2024, who met the diagnostic criteria and had significant economic pressure, were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group in a 1:1 ratio, with 120 cases in each group. The control group adopted the conventional hospital outpatient nursing model, while the intervention group implemented the community nursing model. The intervention period for both groups of patients was 6 months. During the research process, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was adopted. The mental Health status was evaluated by HAMD-17 and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Depression Scale (PHQ-9). Results After 6 months of intervention, the score of the HAMD-17 scale in the intervention group decreased from 26.3 ± 4.1 points before the intervention to 8.7 ± 2.5 points, and the score of the PHQ-9 scale decreased from 18.5 ± 3.2 points before the intervention to 5.2 ± 1.8 points. The score of the HAMD-17 scale in the control group decreased from 25.9 ± 3.8 points to 15.3 ± 3.0 points, and the score of the PHQ-9 scale decreased from 18.1 ± 3.0 points to 10.6 ± 2.2 points. The difference in the decrease of scale scores between the two groups was statistically significant (p&lt;.001). The cost-effectiveness ratio calculation results show that for every 1-point reduction in the scale score of the intervention group, the required cost is 40.6 yuan, while that of the control group is 126.3 yuan. The cost benefit advantage of the intervention group is significant (p&lt;.001). Discussion The research results confirm that the community care model under the background of economic pressure can significantly improve the mental health symptoms of patients with depression, enhance treatment compliance, and effectively reduce the total medical cost, demonstrating a prominent cost–benefit advantage. This model, by decentralizing medical resources to communities, resolves the medical treatment obstacles faced by economically pressured patients due to issues such as transportation and costs, and enhances the accessibilit","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.002
Mengdi Cui
Background With the increase of the number of people facing mental health crisis, there is a contradiction between high incidence rate and low awareness of mental diseases. Depression, as a common mental health issue, is often constructed as a stigmatized symbol of online violence. Patients with depression are considered a group in online media who lack normal thinking ability and have difficulty controlling their behavior. The stigmatization of depression in media discourse leads to patients' disease shame and cognitive errors, thereby creating obstacles to their intervention and treatment. Therefore, this study analyzes the public's perception of depression under media discourse and explores effective strategies for de stigmatization communication. The purpose of the study is to reduce the bias and discrimination of depression patients by online media. Methods The study used a questionnaire survey to examine the public's cognitive attitudes, behaviors, and media exposure habits towards depression, in order to analyze the impact of media on the stigmatization of depression. Design a questionnaire based on literature review, which includes a depression cognitive level questionnaire and a depression attitude questionnaire. Both questionnaires used the Likert five point rating system, with higher scores on the cognitive level questionnaire indicating a greater understanding of the symptoms and causes of depression; The higher the score on the Depression Attitude Questionnaire, the lower the stigmatization of depression. After completing the questionnaire, SPSS 26.0 was used for data organization and factor analysis. Results The experimental results showed that 9% of the respondents in the cognitive level questionnaire lacked understanding of the manifestations, causes, treatment, and prevention of depression; 19% of the survey respondents have no understanding of the treatment methods for depression. At the same time, in the depression attitude questionnaire, 41% of people to some extent agree that "depression patients have narrow mindedness," "need education" or "inner darkness should be avoided." Experiments have shown that stigmatization of depression patients is relatively common in media discourse. The factor analysis results showed that age (β = 0.348, p<.001), education level (β = 0.078, p=.006), and medical history (β = 0.077, p=.005) among the survey subjects significantly positively predicted the results of the depression attitude questionnaire. The experimental results showed that the higher the education level, the older the age, and the survey subjects with relevant medical history, the lower the stigma perception of depression patients. Meanwhile, Discussion The research results show that the stigmatization of depression patients is common in current online media, and the medical history, age, and education level of the survey subjects can positively predict the results of the depression attitude questionnaire. Therefore, resea
{"title":"2. Impact of media discourse on stigmatization of patients with depression and research on de stigmatization communication strategies","authors":"Mengdi Cui","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.002","url":null,"abstract":"Background With the increase of the number of people facing mental health crisis, there is a contradiction between high incidence rate and low awareness of mental diseases. Depression, as a common mental health issue, is often constructed as a stigmatized symbol of online violence. Patients with depression are considered a group in online media who lack normal thinking ability and have difficulty controlling their behavior. The stigmatization of depression in media discourse leads to patients' disease shame and cognitive errors, thereby creating obstacles to their intervention and treatment. Therefore, this study analyzes the public's perception of depression under media discourse and explores effective strategies for de stigmatization communication. The purpose of the study is to reduce the bias and discrimination of depression patients by online media. Methods The study used a questionnaire survey to examine the public's cognitive attitudes, behaviors, and media exposure habits towards depression, in order to analyze the impact of media on the stigmatization of depression. Design a questionnaire based on literature review, which includes a depression cognitive level questionnaire and a depression attitude questionnaire. Both questionnaires used the Likert five point rating system, with higher scores on the cognitive level questionnaire indicating a greater understanding of the symptoms and causes of depression; The higher the score on the Depression Attitude Questionnaire, the lower the stigmatization of depression. After completing the questionnaire, SPSS 26.0 was used for data organization and factor analysis. Results The experimental results showed that 9% of the respondents in the cognitive level questionnaire lacked understanding of the manifestations, causes, treatment, and prevention of depression; 19% of the survey respondents have no understanding of the treatment methods for depression. At the same time, in the depression attitude questionnaire, 41% of people to some extent agree that \"depression patients have narrow mindedness,\" \"need education\" or \"inner darkness should be avoided.\" Experiments have shown that stigmatization of depression patients is relatively common in media discourse. The factor analysis results showed that age (β = 0.348, p&lt;.001), education level (β = 0.078, p=.006), and medical history (β = 0.077, p=.005) among the survey subjects significantly positively predicted the results of the depression attitude questionnaire. The experimental results showed that the higher the education level, the older the age, and the survey subjects with relevant medical history, the lower the stigma perception of depression patients. Meanwhile, Discussion The research results show that the stigmatization of depression patients is common in current online media, and the medical history, age, and education level of the survey subjects can positively predict the results of the depression attitude questionnaire. Therefore, resea","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.278
Yefei Zhang
Background Due to factors such as academic pressure, interpersonal relationships, and uncertainty in future planning, anxiety disorder has become one of the main psychological barriers for college students. The intervention methods for anxiety disorders mainly include Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and medication treatment, but CBT requires professional resources and a long time, and medication treatment may have side effects. Therefore, the study aims to alleviate the negative emotions of college students with anxiety disorders through the safe physical exercise method of fitness qigong. The research aims to provide a feasible non pharmacological intervention plan for mental health education in universities. Methods The study adopted a randomized controlled trial design, in which 200 college students diagnosed with anxiety disorders who met the trial criteria were randomly divided into a control group (100) and an intervention group (100). The control group maintained their original living conditions during the 8-week trial period and did not receive any intervention. The intervention group underwent a 45 minute fitness qigong Baduanjin training course three times a week during the 8-week trial period. The course teacher is a national level fitness qigong coach with over 10 years of teaching experience. The study used SPSS 25.0 for statistical analysis of data results. The indicators are Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Cognitive Bias Questionnaire (CBQ), Interpretation Questionnaire (IQ). The measurement time is before intervention (T0), 8 weeks after intervention (T1), and 1 month after the end of intervention follow-up (T2). Results The repeated measures ANOVA results showed a significant interaction between HAMA score time and group (F(2,150) = 15.32, p<.001, ηp2 = 0.17). Simple effects analysis showed that the HAMA scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of T0 in both T1 and T2 (p<.001), and the T1 and T2 scores were significantly lower than those of the control group in the same period (p<.001). The control group showed no significant changes at the three time points (p>.05). The interaction effect of CBQ total score was significant (F(2,150) = 12.45, p<.001, ηp2 = 0.14). The total score of CBQ in the intervention group significantly decreased after the intervention (p<.001), indicating a reduction in overall cognitive bias, and the effect persisted until the follow-up period. The interaction effect of IQ positive explanation percentage is significant (F(2,150) = 18.23, p<.001, ηp2 = 0.20). The intervention group showed a significantly higher percentage of positive explanations for ambiguous situations at T1 and T2 compared to T0 (p<.001), and also significantly higher than the control group during the same period (p<.001). Discussion The intervention of fitness qigong can significantly reduce the anxiety level of college students participating in t
{"title":"280. The impact of sports fitness qigong on improving negative emotions and cognitive biases in college students with anxiety disorders","authors":"Yefei Zhang","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.278","url":null,"abstract":"Background Due to factors such as academic pressure, interpersonal relationships, and uncertainty in future planning, anxiety disorder has become one of the main psychological barriers for college students. The intervention methods for anxiety disorders mainly include Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and medication treatment, but CBT requires professional resources and a long time, and medication treatment may have side effects. Therefore, the study aims to alleviate the negative emotions of college students with anxiety disorders through the safe physical exercise method of fitness qigong. The research aims to provide a feasible non pharmacological intervention plan for mental health education in universities. Methods The study adopted a randomized controlled trial design, in which 200 college students diagnosed with anxiety disorders who met the trial criteria were randomly divided into a control group (100) and an intervention group (100). The control group maintained their original living conditions during the 8-week trial period and did not receive any intervention. The intervention group underwent a 45 minute fitness qigong Baduanjin training course three times a week during the 8-week trial period. The course teacher is a national level fitness qigong coach with over 10 years of teaching experience. The study used SPSS 25.0 for statistical analysis of data results. The indicators are Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Cognitive Bias Questionnaire (CBQ), Interpretation Questionnaire (IQ). The measurement time is before intervention (T0), 8 weeks after intervention (T1), and 1 month after the end of intervention follow-up (T2). Results The repeated measures ANOVA results showed a significant interaction between HAMA score time and group (F(2,150) = 15.32, p&lt;.001, ηp2 = 0.17). Simple effects analysis showed that the HAMA scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of T0 in both T1 and T2 (p&lt;.001), and the T1 and T2 scores were significantly lower than those of the control group in the same period (p&lt;.001). The control group showed no significant changes at the three time points (p&gt;.05). The interaction effect of CBQ total score was significant (F(2,150) = 12.45, p&lt;.001, ηp2 = 0.14). The total score of CBQ in the intervention group significantly decreased after the intervention (p&lt;.001), indicating a reduction in overall cognitive bias, and the effect persisted until the follow-up period. The interaction effect of IQ positive explanation percentage is significant (F(2,150) = 18.23, p&lt;.001, ηp2 = 0.20). The intervention group showed a significantly higher percentage of positive explanations for ambiguous situations at T1 and T2 compared to T0 (p&lt;.001), and also significantly higher than the control group during the same period (p&lt;.001). Discussion The intervention of fitness qigong can significantly reduce the anxiety level of college students participating in t","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.224
Hao Li
Background Schizophrenia is a common severe mental disorder, with an incidence rate of approximately 0.35%-0.48% among university students in China. It often manifests as disordered thinking and cognitive impairment, severely impacting academic performance and social functioning. Current clinical treatment primarily relies on medication, which effectively controls positive symptoms but has limited effect on improving negative symptoms and restoring cognitive function. Engaging mathematics teaching methods, by incorporating gamified and relatable elements, lower the learning threshold, stimulate participation, and develop logical thinking, providing a non-pharmacological intervention approach for this condition. Methods Sixty patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at a university in 2022-2023 were randomly divided into an intervention group (15 males and 15 females, mean age 20.9 ± 2.3 years) and a control group (16 males and 14 females, mean age 21.3 ± 2.1 years). The control group received routine drug treatment plus weekly psychological support, while the intervention group received additional fun math lessons three times a week for 45 minutes each time for 12 weeks. The lessons included number games and logic puzzles. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were used to assess the intervention effect. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Independent samples t- tests were used for comparisons between groups, and paired t-atests were used for comparisons within groups. p<.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the total PANSS score and the number of correct WCST classifications between the two groups (p>.05). After 12 weeks, both groups showed significant improvements compared to before the intervention, with the intervention group showing better results than the control group (p<.001). The total PANSS score in the intervention group decreased by 14.3 points compared to before the intervention, while the control group only decreased by 2.3 points, indicating that engaging math teaching can help alleviate patients' mental symptoms. Simultaneously, the number of correct WCST classifications in the intervention group increased by 10.2 compared to before the intervention, while the control group only increased by 3.4, indicating a more significant effect on improving patients' cognitive flexibility and executive function. Discussion The results show that engaging math instruction combined with conventional treatment has a positive effect on symptom improvement and cognitive function enhancement in college students with schizophrenia. However, the study has limitations such as a small sample size and a short intervention period. Future research could expand the sample size and extend the follow-up period to further verify the long-term effectiveness of the intervention; and further analyze the
精神分裂症是一种常见的严重精神障碍，在中国大学生中的发病率约为0.35%-0.48%。它通常表现为思维紊乱和认知障碍，严重影响学习成绩和社会功能。目前的临床治疗主要依靠药物治疗，药物能有效控制阳性症状，但对改善阴性症状和恢复认知功能的作用有限。引人入胜的数学教学方法，通过结合游戏化和相关元素，降低学习门槛，刺激参与，发展逻辑思维，为这种情况提供了一种非药物干预方法。方法将某高校2022 ~ 2023年确诊的新冠肺炎患者60例随机分为干预组（男15例，女15例，平均年龄20.9±2.3岁）和对照组（男16例，女14例，平均年龄21.3±2.1岁）。对照组接受常规药物治疗和每周的心理支持，而干预组则接受额外的有趣的数学课，每周三次，每次45分钟，持续12周。课程包括数字游戏和逻辑谜题。采用Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）和Wisconsin Card Sorting Test （WCST）评估干预效果。数据采用SPSS 26.0进行分析。组间比较采用独立样本t检验，组内比较采用配对t检验。p&肝移植;。0.05认为有统计学意义。结果干预前，两组患者PANSS总分和WCST分类正确次数比较，差异均无统计学意义（p> 0.05）。12周后，两组均较干预前有显著改善，干预组优于对照组（p<.001）。干预组PANSS总分较干预前下降14.3分，而对照组仅下降2.3分，说明从事数学教学有助于缓解患者的精神症状。同时，干预组WCST正确分类数较干预前增加了10.2个，而对照组仅增加了3.4个，表明干预组在改善患者认知灵活性和执行功能方面的效果更为显著。结果表明，从事数学教学与常规治疗相结合对精神分裂症大学生的症状改善和认知功能增强有积极的作用。然而，该研究存在样本量小、干预期短等局限性。未来的研究可以扩大样本量，延长随访期，进一步验证干预的长期有效性；并进一步分析患者年龄、病程、症状类型等因素对干预效果的影响。
{"title":"226. A study on the intervention effect of fun and engaging mathematics teaching on schizophrenia IN college students","authors":"Hao Li","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.224","url":null,"abstract":"Background Schizophrenia is a common severe mental disorder, with an incidence rate of approximately 0.35%-0.48% among university students in China. It often manifests as disordered thinking and cognitive impairment, severely impacting academic performance and social functioning. Current clinical treatment primarily relies on medication, which effectively controls positive symptoms but has limited effect on improving negative symptoms and restoring cognitive function. Engaging mathematics teaching methods, by incorporating gamified and relatable elements, lower the learning threshold, stimulate participation, and develop logical thinking, providing a non-pharmacological intervention approach for this condition. Methods Sixty patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at a university in 2022-2023 were randomly divided into an intervention group (15 males and 15 females, mean age 20.9 ± 2.3 years) and a control group (16 males and 14 females, mean age 21.3 ± 2.1 years). The control group received routine drug treatment plus weekly psychological support, while the intervention group received additional fun math lessons three times a week for 45 minutes each time for 12 weeks. The lessons included number games and logic puzzles. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were used to assess the intervention effect. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Independent samples t- tests were used for comparisons between groups, and paired t-atests were used for comparisons within groups. p&lt;.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the total PANSS score and the number of correct WCST classifications between the two groups (p&gt;.05). After 12 weeks, both groups showed significant improvements compared to before the intervention, with the intervention group showing better results than the control group (p&lt;.001). The total PANSS score in the intervention group decreased by 14.3 points compared to before the intervention, while the control group only decreased by 2.3 points, indicating that engaging math teaching can help alleviate patients' mental symptoms. Simultaneously, the number of correct WCST classifications in the intervention group increased by 10.2 compared to before the intervention, while the control group only increased by 3.4, indicating a more significant effect on improving patients' cognitive flexibility and executive function. Discussion The results show that engaging math instruction combined with conventional treatment has a positive effect on symptom improvement and cognitive function enhancement in college students with schizophrenia. However, the study has limitations such as a small sample size and a short intervention period. Future research could expand the sample size and extend the follow-up period to further verify the long-term effectiveness of the intervention; and further analyze the","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.124
Haiyang Deng, Yasong Deng
Background With the rapid aging of China’s population, the proportion of empty-nest elderly is increasing, and insufficient social support and emotional deprivation make them more susceptible to depressive symptoms. Depression in older adults commonly presents as sleep disorders, loss of interest, memory decline, and diminished self-worth. Although conventional antidepressants can relieve symptoms, long-term use may lead to tolerance, gastrointestinal discomfort, and dependence. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), based on the principle of “internal–external combined regulation,” aims to soothe the liver, alleviate depression, and harmonize qi, blood, and organ function. Based on this, the study conducted an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of oral Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture in improving depression in elderly people living alone. Methods A total of 150 elderly patients with mild to moderate depression who met the empty-nest criteria were enrolled and randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 75) or control group (n = 75). The experimental group received oral TCM decoction (including Radix Bupleuri, Angelica Sinensis, Curcuma aromatica, and Poria cocos) twice daily, and acupuncture at Baihui (GV20), Shenmen (HT7), and Taichong (LR3) three times per week for 12 weeks. The control group received Paroxetine Hydrochloride 10 mg/day combined with psychological counseling. Assessments were conducted at baseline, week 6, and week 12 using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Adverse reactions and functional ability were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), with p<.05 considered statistically significant. Results After 12 weeks, HAMD scores in the experimental group decreased from 19.7 ± 2.4 to 10.2 ± 2.1 (≈48.2% improvement), significantly better than the control group (from 19.5 ± 2.3 to 14.8 ± 2.6, ≈24.1%, p=.003). PSQI scores improved from 13.8 ± 2.7 to 7.1 ± 2.4 (≈48.6%), compared with 10.5 ± 2.5 in the control group (≈23.9%, p=.006). Social withdrawal incidence declined from 42.7% to 21.3% (≈50.1%) in the experimental group, higher than the ≈18.4% reduction in controls (p=.01). Functional decline was approximately 28.6% slower, and emotional fluctuation decreased by 41.8%, outperforming the 20.5% improvement in the control group. Compliance was high; only mild soreness and transient fatigue were reported after acupuncture, with no serious adverse events. Discussion The findings indicate that oral TCM combined with acupuncture significantly alleviates depressive symptoms in empty-nest elderly and improves sleep quality and functional stability, demonstrating its feasibility as an intervention for mild to moderate depression. The therapeutic mechanism may involve the modulation of central neurotransmitter balance, enhancement of qi and blood circulation, and regulation of neural emotional pathways. Exte
{"title":"125. Intervention study of oral traditional chinese medicine combined with acupuncture for depression IN empty-nest elderly","authors":"Haiyang Deng, Yasong Deng","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.124","url":null,"abstract":"Background With the rapid aging of China’s population, the proportion of empty-nest elderly is increasing, and insufficient social support and emotional deprivation make them more susceptible to depressive symptoms. Depression in older adults commonly presents as sleep disorders, loss of interest, memory decline, and diminished self-worth. Although conventional antidepressants can relieve symptoms, long-term use may lead to tolerance, gastrointestinal discomfort, and dependence. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), based on the principle of “internal–external combined regulation,” aims to soothe the liver, alleviate depression, and harmonize qi, blood, and organ function. Based on this, the study conducted an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of oral Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture in improving depression in elderly people living alone. Methods A total of 150 elderly patients with mild to moderate depression who met the empty-nest criteria were enrolled and randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 75) or control group (n = 75). The experimental group received oral TCM decoction (including Radix Bupleuri, Angelica Sinensis, Curcuma aromatica, and Poria cocos) twice daily, and acupuncture at Baihui (GV20), Shenmen (HT7), and Taichong (LR3) three times per week for 12 weeks. The control group received Paroxetine Hydrochloride 10 mg/day combined with psychological counseling. Assessments were conducted at baseline, week 6, and week 12 using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Adverse reactions and functional ability were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), with p&lt;.05 considered statistically significant. Results After 12 weeks, HAMD scores in the experimental group decreased from 19.7 ± 2.4 to 10.2 ± 2.1 (≈48.2% improvement), significantly better than the control group (from 19.5 ± 2.3 to 14.8 ± 2.6, ≈24.1%, p=.003). PSQI scores improved from 13.8 ± 2.7 to 7.1 ± 2.4 (≈48.6%), compared with 10.5 ± 2.5 in the control group (≈23.9%, p=.006). Social withdrawal incidence declined from 42.7% to 21.3% (≈50.1%) in the experimental group, higher than the ≈18.4% reduction in controls (p=.01). Functional decline was approximately 28.6% slower, and emotional fluctuation decreased by 41.8%, outperforming the 20.5% improvement in the control group. Compliance was high; only mild soreness and transient fatigue were reported after acupuncture, with no serious adverse events. Discussion The findings indicate that oral TCM combined with acupuncture significantly alleviates depressive symptoms in empty-nest elderly and improves sleep quality and functional stability, demonstrating its feasibility as an intervention for mild to moderate depression. The therapeutic mechanism may involve the modulation of central neurotransmitter balance, enhancement of qi and blood circulation, and regulation of neural emotional pathways. Exte","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.131
Haibo Ma
Background As an important carrier of cultural inheritance and emotional expression, cultural and creative products can achieve psychological comfort and repair by stimulating users’ collective memory and emotional resonance through their design. Psychological models provide theoretical support for understanding this process. For instance, the self-determination theory emphasizes that cultural and creative products satisfy users’ autonomy, competence and sense of belonging. If psychological models are applied to the design of cultural and creative products, it can accurately capture users’ deep-seated needs in cultural identity, emotional regulation and meaning construction. To explore the psychological healing influence mechanism of psychological models on the audience of cultural and creative product design, this study analyzes the design cases of cultural and creative products combined with psychological models. Methods The research selected 120 audiences for cultural and creative product design as experimental subjects and divided them into the experimental group and the control group. The control group received regular displays of cultural and creative products, while the experimental group experienced cultural and creative products that incorporated psychological model theories. The experiment lasts for four weeks, and every week, the research subjects are required to participate in cultural and creative product experience activities. Both groups of experimental subjects had moderate or severe symptoms of depression and anxiety before the experiment was conducted. Before and after the experiment, the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to evaluate their psychological healing situations. Results The scores of the depression and anxiety scales of the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, before the experiment was conducted, there were no significant differences in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups (p>.05), indicating that the baseline levels were consistent. After the experiment, the SDS score of the experimental group decreased from 2.25 ± 0.36 to 1.80 ± 0.22, and the SAS score decreased from 2.20 ± 0.40 to 1.81 ± 0.24. The reductions were significantly greater than those of the control group (p<.05). Discussion The design of cultural and creative products integrating psychological models has a significant promoting effect on the emotional regulation and psychological repair of the audience, which can alleviate their depression and anxiety and enhance their psychological resilience. At present, research is only limited to the observation of short-term intervention effects and lacks the tracking and verification of long-term psychological improvement effects. Subsequent studies can extend the intervention period and add follow-up links to assess the sustainability of its effects.
{"title":"132. The psychological healing of the audience in cultural and creative product design using psychological models","authors":"Haibo Ma","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.131","url":null,"abstract":"Background As an important carrier of cultural inheritance and emotional expression, cultural and creative products can achieve psychological comfort and repair by stimulating users’ collective memory and emotional resonance through their design. Psychological models provide theoretical support for understanding this process. For instance, the self-determination theory emphasizes that cultural and creative products satisfy users’ autonomy, competence and sense of belonging. If psychological models are applied to the design of cultural and creative products, it can accurately capture users’ deep-seated needs in cultural identity, emotional regulation and meaning construction. To explore the psychological healing influence mechanism of psychological models on the audience of cultural and creative product design, this study analyzes the design cases of cultural and creative products combined with psychological models. Methods The research selected 120 audiences for cultural and creative product design as experimental subjects and divided them into the experimental group and the control group. The control group received regular displays of cultural and creative products, while the experimental group experienced cultural and creative products that incorporated psychological model theories. The experiment lasts for four weeks, and every week, the research subjects are required to participate in cultural and creative product experience activities. Both groups of experimental subjects had moderate or severe symptoms of depression and anxiety before the experiment was conducted. Before and after the experiment, the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to evaluate their psychological healing situations. Results The scores of the depression and anxiety scales of the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, before the experiment was conducted, there were no significant differences in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups (p&gt;.05), indicating that the baseline levels were consistent. After the experiment, the SDS score of the experimental group decreased from 2.25 ± 0.36 to 1.80 ± 0.22, and the SAS score decreased from 2.20 ± 0.40 to 1.81 ± 0.24. The reductions were significantly greater than those of the control group (p&lt;.05). Discussion The design of cultural and creative products integrating psychological models has a significant promoting effect on the emotional regulation and psychological repair of the audience, which can alleviate their depression and anxiety and enhance their psychological resilience. At present, research is only limited to the observation of short-term intervention effects and lacks the tracking and verification of long-term psychological improvement effects. Subsequent studies can extend the intervention period and add follow-up links to assess the sustainability of its effects.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"377 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.196
Dejun Leng, Xuelei Liu, Yiyu Zhou
Background With the rapid development of e-commerce and social media, online marketing has been deeply integrated into the daily consumption decision-making process of individuals. Compared to general consumers, individuals with mental disorders exhibit certain functional limitations in emotional regulation, impulse control, and risk assessment, making them more susceptible to the high-frequency information stimulation and emotional induction prevalent in online marketing environments. Existing research primarily focuses on the psychological mechanisms of online marketing effects on the general population, while studies addressing the consumption behavior characteristics and influencing factors of this special group remain relatively limited. Based on this, the present study aims to explore the consumption behavior characteristics and influencing factors of individuals with mental disorders in online marketing environments, providing a scientific basis for improving online consumption protection mechanisms and related mental health interventions for special populations. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, selecting 180 patients with mental disorders from a follow-up management program at a mental health medical institution in a certain city. The participants ranged in age from 20 to 55 years, all possessed basic internet usage skills, and were in a stable phase of their condition. Structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic information, internet usage habits, and consumption behavior characteristics. The primary measurement tools included the Online Marketing Susceptibility Scale (OMSS), the Impulsiveness Scale (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, BIS-11), and a consumption behavior questionnaire. The relationship between online marketing factors and consumption behavior was analyzed using independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. The statistical significance level was set at p<.05. Results In the context of online marketing, the consumption behavior of patients with mental disorders is closely related to their sensitivity to online marketing and impulsive behavior levels. Correlation analysis indicates that Online Marketing Sensitivity Score (OMSS) shows a significant positive correlation with average monthly unplanned consumption expenditure (r = 0.43, p<.001) and a moderate positive correlation with the frequency of impulsive consumption (r = 0.46, p<.001). Further analysis reveals that emotion-inducing marketing and time-limited discount strategies exhibit the highest correlation with irrational consumption behaviors (r values of 0.39 and 0.41, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis results demonstrate that, after controlling for confounding factors such as age, gender, and internet usage duration, online marketing sensitivity (β = 0.38, p<.001) and impulsive behavior levels (β = 0.41, p<.001) remain signifi
{"title":"198. The consumption behavior of patients with mental disorders IN the environment of online marketing","authors":"Dejun Leng, Xuelei Liu, Yiyu Zhou","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.196","url":null,"abstract":"Background With the rapid development of e-commerce and social media, online marketing has been deeply integrated into the daily consumption decision-making process of individuals. Compared to general consumers, individuals with mental disorders exhibit certain functional limitations in emotional regulation, impulse control, and risk assessment, making them more susceptible to the high-frequency information stimulation and emotional induction prevalent in online marketing environments. Existing research primarily focuses on the psychological mechanisms of online marketing effects on the general population, while studies addressing the consumption behavior characteristics and influencing factors of this special group remain relatively limited. Based on this, the present study aims to explore the consumption behavior characteristics and influencing factors of individuals with mental disorders in online marketing environments, providing a scientific basis for improving online consumption protection mechanisms and related mental health interventions for special populations. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, selecting 180 patients with mental disorders from a follow-up management program at a mental health medical institution in a certain city. The participants ranged in age from 20 to 55 years, all possessed basic internet usage skills, and were in a stable phase of their condition. Structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic information, internet usage habits, and consumption behavior characteristics. The primary measurement tools included the Online Marketing Susceptibility Scale (OMSS), the Impulsiveness Scale (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, BIS-11), and a consumption behavior questionnaire. The relationship between online marketing factors and consumption behavior was analyzed using independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. The statistical significance level was set at p&lt;.05. Results In the context of online marketing, the consumption behavior of patients with mental disorders is closely related to their sensitivity to online marketing and impulsive behavior levels. Correlation analysis indicates that Online Marketing Sensitivity Score (OMSS) shows a significant positive correlation with average monthly unplanned consumption expenditure (r = 0.43, p&lt;.001) and a moderate positive correlation with the frequency of impulsive consumption (r = 0.46, p&lt;.001). Further analysis reveals that emotion-inducing marketing and time-limited discount strategies exhibit the highest correlation with irrational consumption behaviors (r values of 0.39 and 0.41, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis results demonstrate that, after controlling for confounding factors such as age, gender, and internet usage duration, online marketing sensitivity (β = 0.38, p&lt;.001) and impulsive behavior levels (β = 0.41, p&lt;.001) remain signifi","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.083
Yuwei Tang, Yanqin Cao
Background Currently, individuals with lived experience of mental illness face significant barriers in accessing mental health services, including persistent stigma, insufficient support resources, and limited accessibility of traditional service models. In recent years, digital mental health interventions have developed rapidly. Among them, Artificial Intelligence (AI) avatars, characterized by their high accessibility, interactive anthropomorphism, and emotional responsiveness, offer new possibilities for bridging existing service gaps. However, existing research has predominantly focused on efficacy verification, leaving a lack of in-depth exploration into the specific psychological and social mechanisms through which they exert therapeutic effects in this population. Therefore, this study aims to empirically and systematically analyze the potential therapeutic pathways and mechanisms of action of AI avatars in providing mental health support to this group. Methods The study recruited 96 participants who self-reported lived experience of mental illness and current moderate psychological distress. They were randomly assigned to Group A (n = 48) and Group B (n = 48). Group A engaged in structured dialogue support via an interactive interface with an AI avatar trained on principles of empathy and cognitive-behavioral therapy, for 20 minutes twice a week over a period of 6 weeks. Group B received standardized mental health education text materials of equal frequency and duration. Assessments were conducted before and at the end of the intervention using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS), and a self-developed Working Alliance Inventory (measuring the sense of connection with the avatar). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to test the intervention effects, and path analysis was employed to preliminarily explore the mediating role of the working alliance. Results Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant group (A vs. B) × time (pre- vs. post-intervention) interaction for K10 scores (F (1, 94) =21.37, p<.001, η2 = 0.19) and loneliness scores (F (1, 94) =18.52, p<.001, η2 = 0.16). Group A demonstrated a significant reduction in K10 scores (mean difference = −5.82, p<.001) and loneliness (mean difference = −4.15, p<.001) after the intervention, whereas no significant changes were observed in Group B. Path analysis indicated that the working alliance formed with the AI avatar significantly mediated the alleviation of psychological distress (indirect effect β = −0.31, p=.002). Discussion The study confirms that structured interaction with an AI avatar can effectively reduce psychological distress and loneliness in individuals with lived experience of mental illness, and that the therapeutic effect is partially achieved through the establishment of a positive working alliance. This suggests that the therapeutic mechanism of AI avat
{"title":"83. Exploration of the healing mechanism of virtual digital humans empowering patients with a history of psychiatric conditions","authors":"Yuwei Tang, Yanqin Cao","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.083","url":null,"abstract":"Background Currently, individuals with lived experience of mental illness face significant barriers in accessing mental health services, including persistent stigma, insufficient support resources, and limited accessibility of traditional service models. In recent years, digital mental health interventions have developed rapidly. Among them, Artificial Intelligence (AI) avatars, characterized by their high accessibility, interactive anthropomorphism, and emotional responsiveness, offer new possibilities for bridging existing service gaps. However, existing research has predominantly focused on efficacy verification, leaving a lack of in-depth exploration into the specific psychological and social mechanisms through which they exert therapeutic effects in this population. Therefore, this study aims to empirically and systematically analyze the potential therapeutic pathways and mechanisms of action of AI avatars in providing mental health support to this group. Methods The study recruited 96 participants who self-reported lived experience of mental illness and current moderate psychological distress. They were randomly assigned to Group A (n = 48) and Group B (n = 48). Group A engaged in structured dialogue support via an interactive interface with an AI avatar trained on principles of empathy and cognitive-behavioral therapy, for 20 minutes twice a week over a period of 6 weeks. Group B received standardized mental health education text materials of equal frequency and duration. Assessments were conducted before and at the end of the intervention using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS), and a self-developed Working Alliance Inventory (measuring the sense of connection with the avatar). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to test the intervention effects, and path analysis was employed to preliminarily explore the mediating role of the working alliance. Results Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant group (A vs. B) × time (pre- vs. post-intervention) interaction for K10 scores (F (1, 94) =21.37, p&lt;.001, η2 = 0.19) and loneliness scores (F (1, 94) =18.52, p&lt;.001, η2 = 0.16). Group A demonstrated a significant reduction in K10 scores (mean difference = −5.82, p&lt;.001) and loneliness (mean difference = −4.15, p&lt;.001) after the intervention, whereas no significant changes were observed in Group B. Path analysis indicated that the working alliance formed with the AI avatar significantly mediated the alleviation of psychological distress (indirect effect β = −0.31, p=.002). Discussion The study confirms that structured interaction with an AI avatar can effectively reduce psychological distress and loneliness in individuals with lived experience of mental illness, and that the therapeutic effect is partially achieved through the establishment of a positive working alliance. This suggests that the therapeutic mechanism of AI avat","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbag003.137
Li Zhao
Background The construction of the rule of law in the new era places higher demands on university students majoring in law. In addition to solid professional competence, positive psychological qualities such as stress resistance, empathy, and professional identity are core supports for their adaptation to legal practice. At present, university psychological assessments lack evaluation systems for cultivating positive psychology that are tailored to the characteristics of law majors, resulting in cultivation efforts that lack precise guidance and scientific feedback. Therefore, it is necessary to study in connection with the training goals of law professionals to establish a systematic and practical evaluation system for cultivating positive psychology, providing theoretical and practical support for improving the mental health of law students. Methods This study selected 240 participants, including law students and faculty from three universities at different levels, as well as legal practitioners. A literature review was used to identify the core dimensions of positive psychology, and evaluation indicators were initially drafted based on the characteristics of the legal profession. The Delphi method was used to optimize the indicator system through two rounds of expert consultation, ultimately determine ng four primary dimensions and twelve secondary indicators. A “Positive Psychological Cultivation Evaluation Scale for Law Students” was developed, and a pre-survey was conducted with 180 students. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test construct validity, Cronbach’s α coefficient was used to test reliability, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each indicator. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Results As shown in Table 1, the evaluation system constructed in this study includes four primary dimensions: cognitive efficacy (weight 0.28), emotion management (0.25), professional identity (0.27), and social adaptation (0.20). In the pre-survey, the scores for each dimension were: cognitive efficacy 3.72 ± 0.58, emotion management 3.56 ± 0.61, professional identity 3.85 ± 0.53, and social adaptation 3.63 ± 0.59. Secondary indicators cover logical reasoning, stress management, and belief in the rule of law. The scale showed good reliability and validity, with a total Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.89 and α coefficients for each dimension ranging from 0.78 to 0.85. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a fit index χ2/df = 2.31, RMSEA = 0.07, and CFI = 0.92, indicating good structural fit. Discussion The evaluation system developed in the study shows that professional identity and cognitive efficacy account for the highest proportions, aligning with the core needs of talent development in the field of law, and possessing good scientific validity and practicality. This system can help accurately identify gaps in cultivation, optimize training programs, and in the future, it can expand sample
{"title":"138. Construction of an evaluation system for cultivating positive psychology among law students in higher education institutions in the new era","authors":"Li Zhao","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbag003.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbag003.137","url":null,"abstract":"Background The construction of the rule of law in the new era places higher demands on university students majoring in law. In addition to solid professional competence, positive psychological qualities such as stress resistance, empathy, and professional identity are core supports for their adaptation to legal practice. At present, university psychological assessments lack evaluation systems for cultivating positive psychology that are tailored to the characteristics of law majors, resulting in cultivation efforts that lack precise guidance and scientific feedback. Therefore, it is necessary to study in connection with the training goals of law professionals to establish a systematic and practical evaluation system for cultivating positive psychology, providing theoretical and practical support for improving the mental health of law students. Methods This study selected 240 participants, including law students and faculty from three universities at different levels, as well as legal practitioners. A literature review was used to identify the core dimensions of positive psychology, and evaluation indicators were initially drafted based on the characteristics of the legal profession. The Delphi method was used to optimize the indicator system through two rounds of expert consultation, ultimately determine ng four primary dimensions and twelve secondary indicators. A “Positive Psychological Cultivation Evaluation Scale for Law Students” was developed, and a pre-survey was conducted with 180 students. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test construct validity, Cronbach’s α coefficient was used to test reliability, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each indicator. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Results As shown in Table 1, the evaluation system constructed in this study includes four primary dimensions: cognitive efficacy (weight 0.28), emotion management (0.25), professional identity (0.27), and social adaptation (0.20). In the pre-survey, the scores for each dimension were: cognitive efficacy 3.72 ± 0.58, emotion management 3.56 ± 0.61, professional identity 3.85 ± 0.53, and social adaptation 3.63 ± 0.59. Secondary indicators cover logical reasoning, stress management, and belief in the rule of law. The scale showed good reliability and validity, with a total Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.89 and α coefficients for each dimension ranging from 0.78 to 0.85. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a fit index χ2/df = 2.31, RMSEA = 0.07, and CFI = 0.92, indicating good structural fit. Discussion The evaluation system developed in the study shows that professional identity and cognitive efficacy account for the highest proportions, aligning with the core needs of talent development in the field of law, and possessing good scientific validity and practicality. This system can help accurately identify gaps in cultivation, optimize training programs, and in the future, it can expand sample","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146169604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：