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NS-Kaća: High-protein, very early soybean cultivar NS-Kaća:高蛋白,非常早的大豆品种
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SelSem1601011V
M. Vidić, J. Miladinović, V. Popović, Vojin Djukic
NS-Kaca, a new, very early soybean cultivar, has been created at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad by crossing domestic and foreign genotypes. The main traits of the cultivar are its early maturity, which placed it into the 000 maturity group, and excellent technological quality of grain. Due to the short vegetation period, it is primarily sown as the second crop in our country, or as the first crop in northern countries (Russia, Ukraine, Austria, Slovenia) and hilly regions. It provides economically justifiable yield gain during the second crop harvest if sowing is conducted by the end of early July, so each day of sowing delay significantly reduces yield. It achieved significantly higher yields in the multiannual macro- and micro-trials compared to standard cultivars from the same maturity group. Producers are advised to sow 600,000 germinated seeds per hectare. The cultivar is also suitable for narrow-row planting (with inter-row spacing of 12.5 cm or 25 cm), whereby the planting rate can be increased by 15-20%. Seed of the cultivar NS-Kaca can also be used as raw material in the production of products intended for human consumption, thanks to the high protein content which is usually between 44% and 47% (in absolutely dry grain). It is suitable for the production of soy milk and soy milk products, due to its large grain, coated with light-yellow seed coat without mottled appearance, and weak expression of hilum colour same as the seed coat, which provides a natural, milkywhite colour of the final products. Development and dissemination of the newly released cultivar NS-Kaca is a major step forward in soybean breeding, as the cultivar exhibited a significantly higher protein content while maintaining its high-yielding potential, despite the strong negative correlation of these traits.
诺维萨德大田和蔬菜作物研究所通过杂交国内外基因型培育出了一种新的早熟大豆品种NS-Kaca。该品种的主要性状是早熟,属千年成熟品种,籽粒技术品质优良。由于植被期短,在我国主要作为第二作物播种,在北方国家(俄罗斯、乌克兰、奥地利、斯洛文尼亚)和丘陵地区主要作为第一作物播种。如果在7月底上旬播种,则在第二季收获期间提供经济上合理的产量增加,因此每延迟一天播种都会显著降低产量。与同一成熟度组的标准品种相比,它在多年宏观和微观试验中取得了显着更高的产量。建议生产者每公顷播种60万颗发芽种子。本品种也适合窄行种植(行距12.5 cm或25 cm),可提高栽植率15-20%。NS-Kaca品种的种子也可以用作生产供人类消费的产品的原料,这要归功于其高蛋白质含量,通常在44%至47%之间(在绝对干燥的谷物中)。适用于豆浆及豆浆制品的生产,因其籽粒大,种皮呈浅黄色,外观无斑纹,种皮的门部颜色表达较弱,与种皮相同,最终产品呈天然的乳白色。新品种NS-Kaca的开发和推广是大豆育种的重要一步,该品种在蛋白质含量显著提高的同时保持了高产潜力,尽管这些性状之间存在很强的负相关关系。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of morphological and kernel micronutrient traits in maize landraces 地方玉米品种形态和籽粒微量元素性状的评价
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SELSEM1602039A
V. Andjelkovic, Jelena Mesarović, M. Srebrić, N. Kravić, Vojka Babić, S. Mladenović-Drinić
Maize grains contain high level of carotenoids and tocopherols compared with other cereals. Among carotenoids the β-carotene has the highest activity and is considered important in breeding programs of biofortified crops. Changes in carotenoids content in the maize grain could be influence of genotype x environment interaction, or effect of existing relationship between the color of the endosperm and the presence of carotenoids. This research was performed to estimate differences in morphological traits, grain content of tocopherols (α-, β+γ-, δ-), β-carotene, lutein and zeaxantin in local and introduced populations from Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje” gene bank. Micronutrient content was detected by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Coefficient of variation for morphological traits was less than 10%, except for grain yield per plant which vary about 18,6%. α-tocopherol content was in the range from 1.04-8.42 μgg-1 DW, and β-carotene content varied from 0.26 to 7.95 μgg-1 DW. δ-tocopherol was in significant correlation with number of kernels per row (r=0.700***), and β+γ-tocopherol was in significant negative correlation with plant and ear height (r=-0.601***; r=-0.591**). Correlations between morphological traits and α-tocopherol were weak and without significance. Kernel color was significantly correlated with the content of zeaxantin (r=0,590***) and β-carotene (r=0,398*). For biofortification purposes a pool of 11 landraces with increased content of both, β-carotene and α-tocopherol, will be created based on obtained results.
与其他谷物相比,玉米谷物含有高水平的类胡萝卜素和生育酚。在类胡萝卜素中,β-胡萝卜素具有最高的活性,在生物强化作物育种中被认为是重要的。玉米籽粒中类胡萝卜素含量的变化可能是基因型x环境相互作用的影响,也可能是胚乳颜色与类胡萝卜素存在关系的影响。本研究比较了来自波兰玉米研究所“Zemun Polje”基因库的地方群体和引进群体在形态性状、生育酚(α-、β+γ-、δ-)、β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素和玉米黄质含量等方面的差异。采用高效液相色谱法测定微量营养素含量。除单株籽粒产量变异系数为18.6%外,其余形态性状变异系数均小于10%。α-生育酚含量在1.04 ~ 8.42 μg -1 DW之间,β-胡萝卜素含量在0.26 ~ 7.95 μg -1 DW之间。δ-生育酚与排粒数呈极显著相关(r=0.700***), β+γ-生育酚与株高、穗高呈极显著负相关(r=-0.601***;r = -0.591 * *)。形态性状与α-生育酚的相关性较弱,无显著性。籽粒颜色与玉米黄质(r=0,590***)和β-胡萝卜素(r=0,398* *)含量呈极显著相关。为了生物强化目的,将根据获得的结果创建11个地方品种,增加β-胡萝卜素和α-生育酚的含量。
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引用次数: 2
Essay on seed production publications in Serbia 关于塞尔维亚种子生产出版物的论文
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SelSem1601035M
M. Mirić
The books published on seed production and industry were read and 60 non-periodic editions of various contents were found. These editions are classified in the five analytical tables as follows: - nine monographs about the technology of seed production and/or processing of more than one group of plants with totally of 5.858 text pages, 766 tables, 1.798 illustrations, 333 formulae and 4.075 citations; - 10 monographs about the technology of seed production and processing of one group of related cultivated species or of one plant species, with 2.696 text pages, 420 tables, 713 illustrations, 279 formulae and 2.419 citations; - 14 general handbooks/manuals on principal phenomena, diseases, pests, problems, development, technique, machinery and biological processes with 3.236 text pages, 461 tables 1.114 illustrations, 76 formulae and 2.572 citations; - one book on agronomy and 22 monographs on individual plant species with chapters or sections in the first rank position within these book/monographs on seed production with 44 authors and 483 text pages; - two initial handbooks, developmental programme and two books of proceedings with manuscripts with a chapter related to seed production and 15 chapters (430 text pages by 12 authors). The last two analytical tables show a great number of authors on some articles, which is not good, and many authors in books, which is good. Moreover, the coefficient of citation is high (0.7 on the average per a page). A number of (co)publishers have been increasing to over 30, but also several large publishing houses have ceased to exist. The remaining analysed data point out to commonly low levels of headings (undeveloped content) and an increasing number of tables, illustrations and even formulae. Generally, book designs are poor, there are no helpful annexes such as indices or registers, review excerpts, author biographies, summaries and lists of tables. No more than 25% of books have been published in the Cyrillic. Approximately one fifth of reviewers are experts in seed production and processing, while remaining reviewers are experts in other fields.
阅读了已出版的种子生产和工业方面的书籍,发现了60种不同内容的不定期版本。这些版本按5个分析表分类如下:- 9部关于一组以上植物的制种和(或)加工技术的专著,共5.858页,766表,1.798图,333公式,4.075引文;-一组相关栽培种或一种植物种制种加工技术专著10部,文本2.696页,表格420张,插图713张,公式279张,引文2.419条;- 14本关于主要现象、疾病、害虫、问题、发展、技术、机械和生物过程的一般手册,共3.236页、461张表、114张插图、76个公式和2.572条引文;-一本农学专著和22部个别植物专著,其中44位作者和483页文字的种子生产专著的章节或章节在这些专著中排名第一;-两本初步手册、发展方案和两本论文集,其中一章与种子生产有关,另有15章(12位作者共430页)。最后两个分析表显示,一些文章的作者很多,这是不好的,而书的作者很多,这是好的。此外,引用系数也很高(平均每页0.7)。一些(共同)出版商已经增加到30多家,但也有几家大型出版社已经不复存在。其余经分析的数据指出,标题通常较低(未开发的内容),表格、插图甚至公式的数量不断增加。一般来说,书的设计很差,没有有用的附件,如索引或注册表,评论摘录,作者传记,摘要和表格列表。用西里尔文出版的书籍不超过25%。大约五分之一的审稿人是种子生产和加工方面的专家,其余的审稿人是其他领域的专家。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of seed priming on seed vigor and early seedling growth in maize under optimal and suboptimal temperature conditions 最佳和次优温度条件下灌种对玉米种子活力和幼苗早期生长的影响
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SELSEM1601017C
P. Čanak, M. Mirosavljević, M. Ćirić, Jelena Kešelj, Bojana Vujošević, D. Stanisavljevic, B. Mitrović
Low temperature has a negative effect on germination parameters and early seedling growth. Seed priming is a beneficial pre-sowing treatment that partially hydrates the seeds to the point of germination process initiation, followed by drying which prevents radicle protrusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different seed priming treatments on some maize seed vigor and early seedlings growth parameters at different temperature conditions. Seeds were primed in water (hydropriming) and KNO3 solution (0,1% and 0,5%) at 25°C for 17 h. Germination was tested at 25°C, 15/25°C and 15°C. Seed priming treatments had more improving effects on studied seed and seedlings traits under suboptimal (15°C and 15/25°C) than at optimal temperature conditions. Seed priming treatment with 0,5% KNO3 had the most beneficial effects and increased the most of studied parameters under suboptimal conditions. Seed priming with KNO3 could be used to achieve higher seed vigor and seedling growth at suboptimal temperature conditions in maize.
低温对种子萌发参数和幼苗生长有不利影响。种子灌浆是一种有益的播前处理,它可以部分地使种子湿润到萌发过程的起始点,然后干燥以防止胚根突出。本研究旨在评价不同催种处理在不同温度条件下对玉米种子活力和早期幼苗生长参数的影响。种子在25°C的水(加氢)和KNO3溶液(0.1%和0.5%)中浸泡17 h。在25°C、15/25°C和15°C条件下检测萌发。在次优(15°C和15/25°C)条件下,灌种处理对所研究的种子和幼苗性状的改善效果优于最优温度条件。在次优条件下,0、5% KNO3的催种效果最好,提高了大部分研究参数。在次优温度条件下,用KNO3灌种可以提高玉米种子活力和幼苗生长。
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引用次数: 7
Dynamics of phosphorus accumulation in maize inbred lines grain 玉米自交系籽粒磷积累动态
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SELSEM1602069K
A. Kovincic, V. Dragičević, K. Marković, J. Srdić, N. Kravić
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引用次数: 0
Analysis the parameters of seed quality in ns sunflower hybrid after processing in gravity separator 对ns向日葵杂交种重选后籽粒品质参数进行了分析
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SELSEM1602001J
Goran Jokić, Siniša Prole, Daliborka Butaš, B. Ostojić, Ilija Radeka, S. Jocić
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引用次数: 1
The variability of bx1 DIMBOA biosynthesis gene in maize inbred lines 玉米自交系bx1 DIMBOA生物合成基因的变异
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SELSEM1602011M
S. Mikić, A. Kondić-Špika, L. Brbaklić, D. Trkulja, M. Ćeran, D. Stanisavljevic, N. Grahovac
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引用次数: 1
Status and perspective of plant breeding and seed industry in Serbia 塞尔维亚植物育种和种业的现状与展望
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SELSEM1602019B
Vojka Babić, M. Pavlov, J. Bocanski
Serbia is a country with favourable agro-ecological conditions for agricultural production, especially for maize, sunflower, soybean, sugar beet and small grain cereals. Also, the tradition of successful seed production and plant breeding, include Serbia in countries with significant potential for the seed industry. Significant areas are used for seed production, and in 2014. for wheat, maize, soybean and sunflower this amounted: 19.003 ha, 10.487 ha, 8.116 ha and 1.590 ha, respectively. The events during the 1990s, international sanctions and civil war, depleted the national seed industry concerning material resources and the status. Transitional events that followed brought a series of changes in all activities including ownership, technology, commerce and the market. Currently, in addition to several state-own Institutes, a large number of international and national private seed companies compete on the Serbian market. Despite many stated negative trends for national seed industry, Serbia is still one of the major seed producers in Europe. Also, Serbia is still one of the countries whose results in plant breeding are competitive with the world's leading companies. With certain improvements Serbia can become an even better place for the seed industry. At the same time, we must not ignore the role of the public sector in the conservation of natural and technological resources, as well as development in plant breeding and seed sciences of our country.
塞尔维亚是一个农业生产生态条件优越的国家,特别是玉米、向日葵、大豆、甜菜和小粒谷物。此外,成功的种子生产和植物育种的传统,包括塞尔维亚在内的种子工业具有巨大潜力的国家。大片土地用于种子生产,2014年。小麦、玉米、大豆和向日葵分别为19.003公顷、10.487公顷、8.116公顷和1.590公顷。20世纪90年代发生的国际制裁和内战等事件,使国家种业在物质资源和地位上逐渐枯竭。随后的过渡事件给所有活动带来了一系列变化,包括所有权、技术、商业和市场。目前,除了几个国有研究所外,还有大量国际和国内私营种子公司在塞尔维亚市场上竞争。尽管国家种业出现了许多负面趋势,塞尔维亚仍然是欧洲主要的种子生产国之一。此外,塞尔维亚仍然是植物育种成果与世界领先公司竞争的国家之一。通过某些改进,塞尔维亚可以成为一个更好的种业发展之地。与此同时,我们不能忽视公共部门在保护自然和技术资源以及发展我国的植物育种和种子科学方面的作用。
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引用次数: 2
Morphological and productive traits of red kernel maize in variable weather conditions 不同气候条件下红粒玉米的形态和生产性状
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/SELSEM1601001G
Đ. Glamočlija, V. Popović, L. Živanović, V. Filipović, N. Glamoclija, V. Ugrenović
The scientific work presents the results of two year testing of the morphological and production traits of maize variety ZP Rumenka planted in three sowing dates. Investigations were performed on a calcareous chernozem in agro ecological conditions of northeast Srem. Subject of study were three sowing dates: March 31, April 10 and 20th of April. The results show morphological and productive maize traits that have the most important role in the yield formation. The traits are: stalk height (up to tassel), cob length, cob weight, grains per cob, cob share in the total mass and 1.000 grains weight. The values obtained are shown in the two year average and were compared over years of research. Variation caused by sowing period and variable weather conditions, were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and LSD test. The results showed that sowing dates have a significant and very significant impact on the studied traits, which interacting with weather conditions, and particularly water regime, showed great variation. The thermal conditions of this area in a two year average and in each research year have shown that corn can be sown earlier (early April) than the most producers do. Any delay in sowing will significantly reduce the level of utilization of genetic yield potential of this variety. The best production results were achieved by sowing at the end of March. Even the very favorable weather conditions in the first year of investigation could not mitigate the consequences of the later planting dates. It should be opted for early sowing of maize considering the fact that the drought becomes common phenomenon in our main agricultural areas.
本科学工作介绍了玉米品种鲁门卡(ZP Rumenka)连续两年三个播期的形态和生产性状试验结果。对东北地区一种钙质黑钙土在农业生态条件下进行了研究。研究对象为3月31日、4月10日和4月20日三个播种日期。结果表明,形态性状和生产性状在玉米产量形成中起着最重要的作用。主要性状为:茎高(至穗长)、穗长、穗重、每穗粒数、穗占总质量和千粒重。所获得的值显示在两年的平均值中,并与多年的研究进行了比较。采用方差分析和LSD检验,对播期和天气条件引起的变异进行统计分析。结果表明,播期对水稻各性状的影响显著且非常显著,播期对水稻各性状的影响与气象条件,特别是水分状况的相互作用表现出较大的差异。该地区两年平均和每个研究年度的热条件表明,玉米可以比大多数生产者更早播种(4月初)。播期的任何延迟都将大大降低该品种遗传产量潜力的利用水平。在3月底播种时达到最佳生产效果。即使在调查的第一年有非常有利的天气条件,也不能减轻种植日期推迟的后果。考虑到我国农业主产区干旱已成为普遍现象,应选择玉米早播。
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引用次数: 1
The influence of nitrogen fertilization on soybean important agronomic characteristics 施氮对大豆重要农艺性状的影响
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/selsem1601081k
L. Kolarić, Jelena Paunović, J. Ikanović, L. Živanović
The influence of different amounts of nitrogen (30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) on important soybean yield components (number of fertile nodes, number of pods per plant and weight of 1.000 grains), was examined in this paper. Experiment was carried out at two different localities (Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje and the village Kloka-lower Jasenica) in 2009. Experiments were carried out through field plot trials, using split-plot in 4 replications. The results show that, on average, for both soil types, number of pods per plant and weight of 1000 grains increased using nitrogen dose of 60 kg ha-1 for 5.2 and 3.8% and the number of fertile nodes to the variant of fertilization with 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogen for 3.8%. The amount of 90 kg ha-1 N gave lower values of the number of pods per plant compared to the control.
研究了不同施氮量(30、60和90 kg hm -1)对大豆重要产量指标(可育节数、单株荚果数和千粒重)的影响。试验于2009年在两个不同的地点(Zemun Polje玉米研究所和Kloka-lower Jasenica村)进行。试验采用田间小区试验,分4个重复。结果表明,在两种土壤类型中,施氮量为60 kg hm -1时,单株荚果数和千粒重平均增加5.2%和3.8%;施氮量为30 kg hm -1时,可育节数平均增加3.8%。与对照相比,施用90 kg hm -1 N使单株荚果数降低。
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引用次数: 0
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