M. Milivojević, Dragana Brankovic-Radojcic, R. Vukadinović, J. Kojić, Z. Dumanović, T. Petrović
High germination of seeds and seedling establishment are critical for soybean production since it determines crop density and eventually affects the yield . Accurate evaluation of the germination potential of sowing material is valuable, as well as initial quality assessment of newly harvested seed . ISTA Rules prescribe alternative methods for soybean seed germination: sand, between paper, top of paper covered with sand and since 2020 organic growing media . In the Seed Testing Laboratory at the Maize Research Institute soybean germination is conducted in the sand at 20<=>30°C . The objective of this study was to evaluate several available organic growing media and compare results obtained with the standard laboratory method . Five soybean seed lots of different quality were tested in four germination growing media (3 organic and sand), at two temperature regimes (25 °C and 20<=>30°C) . Statistical analyses showed that all types of organic growing media were of the same quality . Slightly higher germination in organic growing media was obtained in the experiment at 20<=>30°C compared to sand, but those differences were not statistically significant . When testing was done in germinator with 25°C positive effects of organic growing media were identified and this impact was significant, especially for low-quality seed lots . The experimental outcome was to continue with routine practice and use organic growing media for retesting of seed lots with lower germination as an alternative substrate .
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of organic substrates for germination testing of soybean seed","authors":"M. Milivojević, Dragana Brankovic-Radojcic, R. Vukadinović, J. Kojić, Z. Dumanović, T. Petrović","doi":"10.5937/SELSEM2002001M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/SELSEM2002001M","url":null,"abstract":"High germination of seeds and seedling establishment are critical for soybean production since it determines crop density and eventually affects the yield . Accurate evaluation of the germination potential of sowing material is valuable, as well as initial quality assessment of newly harvested seed . ISTA Rules prescribe alternative methods for soybean seed germination: sand, between paper, top of paper covered with sand and since 2020 organic growing media . In the Seed Testing Laboratory at the Maize Research Institute soybean germination is conducted in the sand at 20<=>30°C . The objective of this study was to evaluate several available organic growing media and compare results obtained with the standard laboratory method . Five soybean seed lots of different quality were tested in four germination growing media (3 organic and sand), at two temperature regimes (25 °C and 20<=>30°C) . Statistical analyses showed that all types of organic growing media were of the same quality . Slightly higher germination in organic growing media was obtained in the experiment at 20<=>30°C compared to sand, but those differences were not statistically significant . When testing was done in germinator with 25°C positive effects of organic growing media were identified and this impact was significant, especially for low-quality seed lots . The experimental outcome was to continue with routine practice and use organic growing media for retesting of seed lots with lower germination as an alternative substrate .","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) is part of the anti-nutritional complex present in soybeans. Soybean grain without KTI can be used in the diet of non-ruminants without prior heat treatment. In order to obtain soybean lines with reduced content of anti-nutrients in the grain, in the first place without KTI, we crossed the adapted genotype of standard grain quality (variety Kador) with the genotype without KTI, less adapted to our growing conditions (variety Kunitz). A segregating generation was obtained from which the three most productive F3 lines, heterozygous for the presence of KTI, were selected for the new crossing cycle. Two combinations of full-sib (FS) crosses with different numbers of successfully crossed plants were realized. Determination of the presence of KTI in progeny developed from selected lines originating from Kunitz x Kador crosses and their combinations of FS crosses was performed using protein markers on a native polyacrylamide gel. Based on the electrophoregram, it was noticed that the bands corresponding to the KTI position are not of the same intensity. The analysis was done from a group sample, so it is possible that the sample contains grains with and without KTI. Ten progenies of maternal lines and five progenies of FS crosses without a band corresponding to the KTI position were identified on the electrophoregram. A total of four progenies with grain yield per plant at the level and better than the more productive parent can be considered promising for the further selection process.
{"title":"Identification of soybean Kunitz-free progenies in full-sib crossing","authors":"M. Srebrić, D. Kovačević, V. Perić","doi":"10.5937/SELSEM2002031S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/SELSEM2002031S","url":null,"abstract":"Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) is part of the anti-nutritional complex present in soybeans. Soybean grain without KTI can be used in the diet of non-ruminants without prior heat treatment. In order to obtain soybean lines with reduced content of anti-nutrients in the grain, in the first place without KTI, we crossed the adapted genotype of standard grain quality (variety Kador) with the genotype without KTI, less adapted to our growing conditions (variety Kunitz). A segregating generation was obtained from which the three most productive F3 lines, heterozygous for the presence of KTI, were selected for the new crossing cycle. Two combinations of full-sib (FS) crosses with different numbers of successfully crossed plants were realized. Determination of the presence of KTI in progeny developed from selected lines originating from Kunitz x Kador crosses and their combinations of FS crosses was performed using protein markers on a native polyacrylamide gel. Based on the electrophoregram, it was noticed that the bands corresponding to the KTI position are not of the same intensity. The analysis was done from a group sample, so it is possible that the sample contains grains with and without KTI. Ten progenies of maternal lines and five progenies of FS crosses without a band corresponding to the KTI position were identified on the electrophoregram. A total of four progenies with grain yield per plant at the level and better than the more productive parent can be considered promising for the further selection process.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"26 1","pages":"31-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Filipović, V. Ugrenović, S. Jevremovic, Snežana Dimitrijević, M. Pavlović, V. Popović, S. Dimitrijević
{"title":"Biocontrol of economically significant diseases in order to increase the yield of pot marigold and valerian seeds and potato tubers","authors":"V. Filipović, V. Ugrenović, S. Jevremovic, Snežana Dimitrijević, M. Pavlović, V. Popović, S. Dimitrijević","doi":"10.5937/selsem2001038f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2001038f","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"26 1","pages":"38-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Nikolić, S. Božinović, J. Vančetović, M. Radosavljević, S. Žilić
Physical traits, kernel structure and chemical composition of five yellow and five red kernel maize hybrids were the subjects of this study. The 1000-kernel weight, a physical indicator of grain quality, ranged from 325.76±7.47 g (ZP 555 red) to 375.63±4.18 g (ZP 606). The hard endosperm fraction content varied between 57.66±0.93% (ZP 4007) and 67.08±0.42% (ZP 366 red). Regarding chemical composition, starch was predominant constituent ranging from 66.80±0.18 (ZP 4007 red) to 72.96±0.37 (ZP 606). The highest protein content was detected in ZP 606 (10.72±0.11) and the lowest in ZP 7007 red hybrid (8.63±0.04%). Milling response was highly influenced by hard endosperm fraction content (0.81**), and starch content was strongly correlated to 1000-kernel weight (0.77**). Whole-grain maize flours produced from yellow and red kernels without removing the germ are naturally gluten-free and can be used as functional food ingredients. All yellow and red kernel maize hybrids investigated in this study showed good quality parameters regarding physical properties and variations in chemical composition which makes them suitable for different industrial uses, primarily for food and feed production.
以5个黄粒和5个红粒玉米杂交种的物理性状、籽粒结构和化学成分为研究对象。千粒重是籽粒品质的物理指标，其变化范围为325.76±7.47 g (zp555红)~ 375.63±4.18 g (zp606)。硬胚乳含量介于57.66±0.93% (zp4007)和67.08±0.42% (zp366红)之间。在化学成分方面，淀粉的主要成分为66.80±0.18 (zp4007红色)~ 72.96±0.37 (zp606)。蛋白含量最高的品种为zp606(10.72±0.11%)，最低的品种为zp7007(8.63±0.04%)。硬胚乳含量对碾磨响应影响较大(0.81**)，淀粉含量与千粒重相关性较强(0.77**)。由黄色和红色玉米粒制成的全麦玉米粉不去除胚芽，天然无麸质，可以用作功能性食品原料。本研究中调查的所有黄粒和红粒玉米杂交种在物理特性和化学成分变化方面都表现出良好的品质参数，这使它们适合不同的工业用途，主要用于食品和饲料生产。
{"title":"Grain properties of yellow and red kernel maize hybrids from Serbia","authors":"V. Nikolić, S. Božinović, J. Vančetović, M. Radosavljević, S. Žilić","doi":"10.5937/SELSEM2002007N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/SELSEM2002007N","url":null,"abstract":"Physical traits, kernel structure and chemical composition of five yellow and five red kernel maize hybrids were the subjects of this study. The 1000-kernel weight, a physical indicator of grain quality, ranged from 325.76±7.47 g (ZP 555 red) to 375.63±4.18 g (ZP 606). The hard endosperm fraction content varied between 57.66±0.93% (ZP 4007) and 67.08±0.42% (ZP 366 red). Regarding chemical composition, starch was predominant constituent ranging from 66.80±0.18 (ZP 4007 red) to 72.96±0.37 (ZP 606). The highest protein content was detected in ZP 606 (10.72±0.11) and the lowest in ZP 7007 red hybrid (8.63±0.04%). Milling response was highly influenced by hard endosperm fraction content (0.81**), and starch content was strongly correlated to 1000-kernel weight (0.77**). Whole-grain maize flours produced from yellow and red kernels without removing the germ are naturally gluten-free and can be used as functional food ingredients. All yellow and red kernel maize hybrids investigated in this study showed good quality parameters regarding physical properties and variations in chemical composition which makes them suitable for different industrial uses, primarily for food and feed production.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nenad Đurić, G. Cvijanović, G. Dozet, V. Rajičić, Gordana Branković, D. Poštić
{"title":"The influence of year and location on grain yield and yield components in winter wheat","authors":"Nenad Đurić, G. Cvijanović, G. Dozet, V. Rajičić, Gordana Branković, D. Poštić","doi":"10.5937/selsem2001009d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2001009d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"26 1","pages":"9-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ugrenović, V. Filipović, S. Jevremovic, A. Marjanović-Jeromela, V. Popović, A. Buntić, D. Delic
In addition to true cereals (Poaceae) and legumes (Fabaceae), which are most commonly used as cover crops, plant species from the mustard family (Brassicaceae) are increasingly used due to their biological and agronomic characteristics. Crucifers grow fast, develop high biomass, achieve great land coverage (> 80%) and possess high nutrient uptake. These are the reasons that their use as cover crops has a beneficial effect on soil fertility, erosion prevention, weed suppression and groundwater quality protection. Majority of crucifers contain glucosinolates, the enzymatic conversion of which releases biologically active compounds into the soil, which are toxic to soil pathogens, nematodes and some weeds. In this way, crucifers act as soil biofumigants, and this effect is used in the control of harmful organisms within the cover crops technology. Due to different production systems and agroecological conditions, the release of these compounds in the soil is not constant, so the efficiency is not always the same. In this regard, biofumigation as a biological measure should be seen as a part of an integrated pest management strategy. With its flowers, crucifers attract a large number of insects: pollinators, predators and parasitoids, thus positively affecting the biodiversity of beneficial insects and the biocontrol of harmful ones. The most commonly used multipurpose cover crops are: rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), white mustard (Sinapis alba L.), brown mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.), charcoal turnip (Brassica rapa rapifera), fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.), oil radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleifera) and others.
除了最常被用作覆盖作物的真谷物(禾本科)和豆科(豆科)外，由于其生物学和农艺特性，芥菜科(芸苔科)的植物种类越来越多地被使用。十字花科植物生长快，生物量高，土地覆盖率大(约80%)，养分吸收率高。这些都是它们作为覆盖作物对土壤肥力、防止侵蚀、抑制杂草和保护地下水质量具有有益作用的原因。大多数十字花科植物含有硫代葡萄糖苷，其酶转化释放生物活性化合物进入土壤，这是有毒的土壤病原体，线虫和一些杂草。这样，十字花科植物就起到了土壤生物熏蒸剂的作用，这种作用被用于覆盖作物技术中有害生物的控制。由于不同的生产系统和农业生态条件，这些化合物在土壤中的释放不是恒定的，因此效率并不总是相同的。在这方面，生物熏蒸作为一种生物措施应被视为虫害综合管理战略的一部分。十字花科植物以其花朵吸引了大量的昆虫:传粉者、捕食者和寄生性昆虫，从而对有益昆虫的生物多样性和有害昆虫的生物防治产生了积极的影响。最常用的多用途覆盖作物有:油菜(Brassica napus L.)、白芥菜(Sinapis alba L.)、褐芥菜(Brassica juncea (L.))。炭萝卜(Brassica rapa rapifera)、饲料萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)、油萝卜(Raphanus sativus var. oleifera)等。
{"title":"Effect of Brassicaceae as cover crops","authors":"V. Ugrenović, V. Filipović, S. Jevremovic, A. Marjanović-Jeromela, V. Popović, A. Buntić, D. Delic","doi":"10.5937/selsem1902001u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem1902001u","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to true cereals (Poaceae) and legumes (Fabaceae), which are most commonly used as cover crops, plant species from the mustard family (Brassicaceae) are increasingly used due to their biological and agronomic characteristics. Crucifers grow fast, develop high biomass, achieve great land coverage (> 80%) and possess high nutrient uptake. These are the reasons that their use as cover crops has a beneficial effect on soil fertility, erosion prevention, weed suppression and groundwater quality protection. Majority of crucifers contain glucosinolates, the enzymatic conversion of which releases biologically active compounds into the soil, which are toxic to soil pathogens, nematodes and some weeds. In this way, crucifers act as soil biofumigants, and this effect is used in the control of harmful organisms within the cover crops technology. Due to different production systems and agroecological conditions, the release of these compounds in the soil is not constant, so the efficiency is not always the same. In this regard, biofumigation as a biological measure should be seen as a part of an integrated pest management strategy. With its flowers, crucifers attract a large number of insects: pollinators, predators and parasitoids, thus positively affecting the biodiversity of beneficial insects and the biocontrol of harmful ones. The most commonly used multipurpose cover crops are: rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), white mustard (Sinapis alba L.), brown mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.), charcoal turnip (Brassica rapa rapifera), fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.), oil radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleifera) and others.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Sokolović, S. Babić, J. Radović, Z. Lugić, T. Vymyslický, D. Knotová, M. Petrović
Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) is rhizomatous perennial forage grass species spread all over Serbia, mostly beside the roads and at the edges of semi-xerophylous or xerophylous natural grasslands. Stabile and high forage yield, classify Smooth bromegrass in a group of forage grasses suitable for mixtures composing for drought conditions and poor soils in agro-ecological conditions of Serbia. It can be used traditionally for hay production, but also in quality mixtures with legumes for silage or haylage production. Cultivar K-46 is created by multiple phenotypic recurrent selection of populations collected across central Serbia. The main breeding goal was developing of genotypes of Bromus inermis with improved yield and chemical composition of dry matter. Since this grass species generally have been characterised with a lot of large but indelicate leaves, improvement of its biomass quality requires breeding of leaf parameters (size, number, position, etc.). In plot trial on three locations in two years period (2015 and 2016) cultivar K-46 reached average DMY of 6400 kg ha-1. The average height of plants at the moment of cutting was 81.6 cm. Crude protein content was 11.61 g kg-1 of dry matter in the first cut and 13.51 g kg-1 in the second cut, which represents the good quality of grass biomass. New cultivar K-46, which is registered in December 2017, is suitable for mixtures composing for long-lasting and durable grasslands on light, marginal and dry soils. It stabilises land and produces enough amount of quality herbage which can be used with legumes species as complete forage meal for ruminants. It is adapted for cutting and tolerates dry, poor and eroded soils, therefore it shows best results on grasslands on hilly mountainous areas.
光滑的雀麦草(Bromus inermis Leyss.)是一种多年生根状牧草，分布在塞尔维亚各地，主要分布在公路旁和半旱生或旱生天然草地的边缘。稳定和高饲料产量，分类在一组饲料草，适合混合构成干旱条件和贫瘠的土壤在塞尔维亚的农业生态条件。它可以传统地用于干草生产，也可以与豆类混合用于青贮或干草生产。品种K-46是通过在塞尔维亚中部收集的种群的多重表型反复选择而产生的。主要的育种目标是培育具有提高产量和提高干物质化学成分的小雀麦基因型。由于该草种通常具有许多大而不精致的叶片，因此提高其生物量质量需要育种叶片参数(大小，数量，位置等)。在2015年和2016年3个地点的小区试验中，品种K-46的平均DMY达到6400 kg hm -1。扦插时植株平均株高为81.6 cm。第一次刈割干物质粗蛋白质含量为11.61 g kg-1，第二次刈割粗蛋白质含量为13.51 g kg-1，牧草生物量质量较好。新品种K-46于2017年12月注册，适合在轻质、边缘和干燥土壤上混合组成持久耐用的草地。它稳定了土地，生产了足够数量的优质牧草，可以与豆科植物一起作为反刍动物的完整饲料。它适合于切割和容忍干燥，贫瘠和侵蚀的土壤，因此在丘陵山区的草原上表现出最好的效果。
{"title":"Breeding and agronomic performance of new smooth bromegrass cultivar Kruševački 46 (K-46)","authors":"D. Sokolović, S. Babić, J. Radović, Z. Lugić, T. Vymyslický, D. Knotová, M. Petrović","doi":"10.5937/SELSEM1901015S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/SELSEM1901015S","url":null,"abstract":"Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) is rhizomatous perennial forage grass species spread all over Serbia, mostly beside the roads and at the edges of semi-xerophylous or xerophylous natural grasslands. Stabile and high forage yield, classify Smooth bromegrass in a group of forage grasses suitable for mixtures composing for drought conditions and poor soils in agro-ecological conditions of Serbia. It can be used traditionally for hay production, but also in quality mixtures with legumes for silage or haylage production. Cultivar K-46 is created by multiple phenotypic recurrent selection of populations collected across central Serbia. The main breeding goal was developing of genotypes of Bromus inermis with improved yield and chemical composition of dry matter. Since this grass species generally have been characterised with a lot of large but indelicate leaves, improvement of its biomass quality requires breeding of leaf parameters (size, number, position, etc.). In plot trial on three locations in two years period (2015 and 2016) cultivar K-46 reached average DMY of 6400 kg ha-1. The average height of plants at the moment of cutting was 81.6 cm. Crude protein content was 11.61 g kg-1 of dry matter in the first cut and 13.51 g kg-1 in the second cut, which represents the good quality of grass biomass. New cultivar K-46, which is registered in December 2017, is suitable for mixtures composing for long-lasting and durable grasslands on light, marginal and dry soils. It stabilises land and produces enough amount of quality herbage which can be used with legumes species as complete forage meal for ruminants. It is adapted for cutting and tolerates dry, poor and eroded soils, therefore it shows best results on grasslands on hilly mountainous areas.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Pavlović, Z. Girek, B. Zečević, Slađan Adžić, J. Damnjanovic, M. Brdar-Jokanović, M. Ugrinović
The development of weeds and soil pathogens in greenhouse significantly reduces the yield of cultivated crops. Suppression of soil pathogens using conventional methods (chemicals) leads to contamination of both soil and water. An alternative method is a solarization - biological soil disinfection using high temperatures under the influence of solar energy. The influence of solarization on the development of weeds, as well as diseases in three vegetable species: tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers, was examined in the greenhouses of the Institute for Vegetable Crops. The effect of solarization on the yield of these crops was also examined. The experiment was carried out in 2 greenhouses. Solarization was carried out in one greenhouse for 8 weeks. In the second greenhouse, the process of solarization was not carried out and it served as a control to evaluate the effects of solarization. The irrigation, as well as the basic and supplementary nutrition of the plants, was done in the same way in both greenhouses. The results showed significantly less weed development after solarization, symptoms of the disease were less frequent and milder in plants grown in a solarized greenhouse. The yield of all three species was significantly higher in the greenhouse where the solarization was carried out. The yield of peppers was 9.94% higher, tomatoes 4.37% and cucumbers 38.46% higher than the yields in control, greenhouses. The application of this method of soil disinfection in a greenhouse is significant for producers, breeders, and seed producers. The use of chemicals for soil disinfection and plant protection is decreasing, which is in line with the principles of organic production, which is becoming more and more prevalent in our areas.
{"title":"Effect of application of soil solarization on biological control of soil pathogens and vegetable yield in greenhouse","authors":"S. Pavlović, Z. Girek, B. Zečević, Slađan Adžić, J. Damnjanovic, M. Brdar-Jokanović, M. Ugrinović","doi":"10.5937/selsem1902031p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem1902031p","url":null,"abstract":"The development of weeds and soil pathogens in greenhouse significantly reduces the yield of cultivated crops. Suppression of soil pathogens using conventional methods (chemicals) leads to contamination of both soil and water. An alternative method is a solarization - biological soil disinfection using high temperatures under the influence of solar energy. The influence of solarization on the development of weeds, as well as diseases in three vegetable species: tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers, was examined in the greenhouses of the Institute for Vegetable Crops. The effect of solarization on the yield of these crops was also examined. The experiment was carried out in 2 greenhouses. Solarization was carried out in one greenhouse for 8 weeks. In the second greenhouse, the process of solarization was not carried out and it served as a control to evaluate the effects of solarization. The irrigation, as well as the basic and supplementary nutrition of the plants, was done in the same way in both greenhouses. The results showed significantly less weed development after solarization, symptoms of the disease were less frequent and milder in plants grown in a solarized greenhouse. The yield of all three species was significantly higher in the greenhouse where the solarization was carried out. The yield of peppers was 9.94% higher, tomatoes 4.37% and cucumbers 38.46% higher than the yields in control, greenhouses. The application of this method of soil disinfection in a greenhouse is significant for producers, breeders, and seed producers. The use of chemicals for soil disinfection and plant protection is decreasing, which is in line with the principles of organic production, which is becoming more and more prevalent in our areas.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"2018 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jelena Golijan, L. Kolarić, A. Popović, L. Živanović
Areas used for the production of organic plants have been permanently increasing for many years, both in the world and in Serbia. This type of agricultural production in Serbia was performed in the area of 14,357.96 ha, and the leading role belonged to cereals. Since great attention has been paid to spelt wheat in the production of organic food, the organic system of agricultural production has been distributed over ever larger areas. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to present data on the areas cultivated with this type of cereals in Serbia according to regional distribution in 2012, 2015 and 2016 provided by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia. Spelt wheat is cultivated on the area of 157.9 ha. The greatest areas are in Vojvodina (120.04 ha), followed by the areas in the south and Eastern Serbia (22.3 ha), Sumadija and western Serbia (14.1 ha), while the smallest production of organic spelt wheat is registered in Belgrade (only 1.5 ha). The varieties Nirvana and Ostro are the only spelt wheat varieties released in Serbia. Since spelt wheat has very good biological and agronomic traits, with the high nutritional and specific functional value of the grain, deserves more attention, particularly for growing within the organic farming system and production.
{"title":"The production of organic spelt wheat in Serbia","authors":"Jelena Golijan, L. Kolarić, A. Popović, L. Živanović","doi":"10.5937/SELSEM1901023G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/SELSEM1901023G","url":null,"abstract":"Areas used for the production of organic plants have been permanently increasing for many years, both in the world and in Serbia. This type of agricultural production in Serbia was performed in the area of 14,357.96 ha, and the leading role belonged to cereals. Since great attention has been paid to spelt wheat in the production of organic food, the organic system of agricultural production has been distributed over ever larger areas. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to present data on the areas cultivated with this type of cereals in Serbia according to regional distribution in 2012, 2015 and 2016 provided by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia. Spelt wheat is cultivated on the area of 157.9 ha. The greatest areas are in Vojvodina (120.04 ha), followed by the areas in the south and Eastern Serbia (22.3 ha), Sumadija and western Serbia (14.1 ha), while the smallest production of organic spelt wheat is registered in Belgrade (only 1.5 ha). The varieties Nirvana and Ostro are the only spelt wheat varieties released in Serbia. Since spelt wheat has very good biological and agronomic traits, with the high nutritional and specific functional value of the grain, deserves more attention, particularly for growing within the organic farming system and production.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mirosavljević, S. Dencic, V. Momčilović, S. Mikić, D. Trkulja, M. Vuc̆kovic
{"title":"NS Igra: New variety of winter wheat","authors":"M. Mirosavljević, S. Dencic, V. Momčilović, S. Mikić, D. Trkulja, M. Vuc̆kovic","doi":"10.5937/SELSEM1901033M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/SELSEM1901033M","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71050584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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