Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p625
I. C. Antunes, Suélen Braga de Andrade Kaltbach, Pedro Kaltbach, Keila Garcia Aloy, Marcelo Giacomini, Maria Rosa Costella, V. B. Costa, M. Gabbardo, R. Schumacher, D. P. Eckhardt
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different commercial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc wines produced in the Campanha Gaúcha region. The must obtained by mechanical destemming and crushing was treated with 150 mg L of potassium metabisulfite and pectolitic enzymes and subject to enzymatic hidrolisis and débourbage for 24h00 at 4°C. The must was divided into glass fermenters of 4,6 L, in triplicate for each of the four treatments, which were defined by the inoculation of 25g hL-1 of dry yeast: T1 - Zymaflore X5® (Laffort, Bordeaux, France); T2 - AWRI 796 (AB Biotek, Sydney, Australia); T3 - Maurivim PDM (AB Biotek, Sydney, Australia); T4 - 50% Zymaflore X5® + 50% AWRI 796. The wines were analyzed, regarding: ethanol; reducing sugars; total acidity; volatile acidity; pH; dry matter; and ash. The most significant differences were observed in: ethanol; reducing sugars; pH; dry matter. Among the treatments inoculated with single strains, T1 showed higher ethanol and lower reducing sugars content. T3 presented results similar to T1. T2 resulted in higher content of reducing sugars and consequently lower ethanol levels. The mixed fermentation (T4) achieved the lowest levels of reducing sugars among the treatments. It suggests that mixed fermentations could be an alternative to produce drier wines.
{"title":"Impact of yeast on the characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc wines from the Campanha Gaúcha Region","authors":"I. C. Antunes, Suélen Braga de Andrade Kaltbach, Pedro Kaltbach, Keila Garcia Aloy, Marcelo Giacomini, Maria Rosa Costella, V. B. Costa, M. Gabbardo, R. Schumacher, D. P. Eckhardt","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p625","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different commercial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc wines produced in the Campanha Gaúcha region. The must obtained by mechanical destemming and crushing was treated with 150 mg L of potassium metabisulfite and pectolitic enzymes and subject to enzymatic hidrolisis and débourbage for 24h00 at 4°C. The must was divided into glass fermenters of 4,6 L, in triplicate for each of the four treatments, which were defined by the inoculation of 25g hL-1 of dry yeast: T1 - Zymaflore X5® (Laffort, Bordeaux, France); T2 - AWRI 796 (AB Biotek, Sydney, Australia); T3 - Maurivim PDM (AB Biotek, Sydney, Australia); T4 - 50% Zymaflore X5® + 50% AWRI 796. The wines were analyzed, regarding: ethanol; reducing sugars; total acidity; volatile acidity; pH; dry matter; and ash. The most significant differences were observed in: ethanol; reducing sugars; pH; dry matter. Among the treatments inoculated with single strains, T1 showed higher ethanol and lower reducing sugars content. T3 presented results similar to T1. T2 resulted in higher content of reducing sugars and consequently lower ethanol levels. The mixed fermentation (T4) achieved the lowest levels of reducing sugars among the treatments. It suggests that mixed fermentations could be an alternative to produce drier wines.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47484758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p601
Luhua Li, Jianshu Sui, Mingjian Ren, Ruhong Xu
Wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.), a devastating disease of wheat in the world, causes severe yield losses and therefore the development of resistant cultivars is very important. Here, a Chinese wheat line (Guinong08-6) showed adult-plant resistance against mixed fungal isolates of leaf rust, which is common in Guiyang region. It was crossed with a susceptible wheat line (Guinong19) to develop F1, F2, and F3 hybrids. Combined SSR and STS markers were used to map leaf rust resistance genes in Guinong08-6, and the resistance phenotype of Guinong08-6 was co-regulated by two complementary dominant genes, named LrGn08-6A and LrGn08-6B. LrGn08-6A was mapped to chromosome 2AS with markers URIC-LN2 and Xgpw2204, which flanked the gene at distances of 1.8 centimorgan (cM) and 14.83 cM, respectively. LrGn08-6B was mapped to chromosome 4DL with markers Xgpw342 and Xbarc93, which both flanked the gene at a distance of 26.57 cM. Genetic and molecular marker analyses demonstrated that LrGn08-6A, which was inherited from Aegilops ventricosa may be the resistance gene Lr37, while LrGn08-6B may be a newly discovered leaf rust resistance gene.
{"title":"Mapping of leaf rust resistance genes in common wheat ‘Guinong08-6’","authors":"Luhua Li, Jianshu Sui, Mingjian Ren, Ruhong Xu","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p601","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.), a devastating disease of wheat in the world, causes severe yield losses and therefore the development of resistant cultivars is very important. Here, a Chinese wheat line (Guinong08-6) showed adult-plant resistance against mixed fungal isolates of leaf rust, which is common in Guiyang region. It was crossed with a susceptible wheat line (Guinong19) to develop F1, F2, and F3 hybrids. Combined SSR and STS markers were used to map leaf rust resistance genes in Guinong08-6, and the resistance phenotype of Guinong08-6 was co-regulated by two complementary dominant genes, named LrGn08-6A and LrGn08-6B. LrGn08-6A was mapped to chromosome 2AS with markers URIC-LN2 and Xgpw2204, which flanked the gene at distances of 1.8 centimorgan (cM) and 14.83 cM, respectively. LrGn08-6B was mapped to chromosome 4DL with markers Xgpw342 and Xbarc93, which both flanked the gene at a distance of 26.57 cM. Genetic and molecular marker analyses demonstrated that LrGn08-6A, which was inherited from Aegilops ventricosa may be the resistance gene Lr37, while LrGn08-6B may be a newly discovered leaf rust resistance gene.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47074651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p529
C. L. D. Araújo, A. Magalhães, G. G. L. Araújo, F. Campos, G. C. Gois, K. C. Santos, Maria Helena Tavares de Matos, D. B. Nascimento, Neilson Silva Santos
This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between mineral profile, physical and chemical characteristics, and proximate composition of ewe meat receiving different water supply levels (100% - ad libitum group; 80%; 60% and 40% ad libitum group). Thirty-two Santa Ines ewes were assigned to a randomized block design, with 4 treatments, and 8 replications, during the 63-day experimental period. Significant correlations between all minerals (P<0.05) were found in the 60% and 40% water supply levels. A correlation (P<0.05) was observed for minerals P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, and Fe with crude protein at 100% water supply. Negative correlations (P<0.05) between N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, and Zn were detected in the meat of animals supplied with 60% water. Principal component analysis (PCA) of macrominerals explained 82.9% data variance. Zinc had a strong contribution to PC1. Cooking losses had a similar contribution to PC1 and PC2. PC1 and PC2 explained 66.7% data variance in chemical characteristics. The decrease in water supply causes the correlation of nitrogen with the other minerals in meat, in addition to altering the correlation between the physical and chemical profile of the meat.
{"title":"Correlation between mineral profile, physical-chemical characteristics, and proximate composition of meat from Santa Ines ewes under water restriction","authors":"C. L. D. Araújo, A. Magalhães, G. G. L. Araújo, F. Campos, G. C. Gois, K. C. Santos, Maria Helena Tavares de Matos, D. B. Nascimento, Neilson Silva Santos","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p529","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between mineral profile, physical and chemical characteristics, and proximate composition of ewe meat receiving different water supply levels (100% - ad libitum group; 80%; 60% and 40% ad libitum group). Thirty-two Santa Ines ewes were assigned to a randomized block design, with 4 treatments, and 8 replications, during the 63-day experimental period. Significant correlations between all minerals (P<0.05) were found in the 60% and 40% water supply levels. A correlation (P<0.05) was observed for minerals P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, and Fe with crude protein at 100% water supply. Negative correlations (P<0.05) between N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, and Zn were detected in the meat of animals supplied with 60% water. Principal component analysis (PCA) of macrominerals explained 82.9% data variance. Zinc had a strong contribution to PC1. Cooking losses had a similar contribution to PC1 and PC2. PC1 and PC2 explained 66.7% data variance in chemical characteristics. The decrease in water supply causes the correlation of nitrogen with the other minerals in meat, in addition to altering the correlation between the physical and chemical profile of the meat.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42918387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p499
Sâmela Beutinger Cavalheiro, L. C. Melo, T. Souza, H. S. Pereira
Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli) is one of the most common diseases in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) crop, and the most viable alternative for its control is the use of resistant cultivars. However, the number of “carioca” cultivars, the most important commercial group in Brazil, which has a good level of resistance to this disease, is still low. To obtain populations with a higher degree of resistance, seven parents with different levels of resistance to Fusarium and which produce carioca grains were crossed in a complete diallel design. The 21 segregating populations obtained were evaluated in the years/generations 2012/F3, 2013/F4, and 2014/F5 in experiments in Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, in the winter crop season (sowing in May), together with the check cultivars BRS Notável (resistant) and BRS Cometa (susceptible) in an area naturally infested with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, under a center pivot irrigation system. Reaction to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100-seed weight were evaluated. Additive and non-additive effects contributed to control of reaction to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100-seed weight. The statistically negative general combining ability ( ) estimates for BRS Notável (-0.51), CNFC 15872 (-0.20), IPR Juriti (-0.18), and BRSMG Talismã (-0.13) indicate that these parents are recommended for obtaining populations more resistant to Fusarium wilt. Among them, cultivar BRS Notável also showed a statistically positive estimate for grain yield (87.90). Among the parents recommended for resistance to Fusarium wilt, cultivars IPR Juriti (0.99) and BRS Notável (0.23) are those that most contributed to obtaining populations with larger-sized beans. Cultivar BRS Notável is the most promising parent for participation in new crossing blocks, showing non-zero estimates for all traits, favoring an increase in resistance to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100-seed weight. Populations BRS Notável / CNFC 15872, BRS Ametista / BRS Notável, BRS Notável / BRSMG Talismã, and BRS Ametista / BRSMG Talismã showed good mean values for reaction to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100-seed weight and at least one parent with a good general combining ability estimate for resistance to Fusarium wilt. These four populations are promising for obtaining lines with superior performance for resistance to Fusarium wilt, yield, and larger-sized grains.
{"title":"Selection of parents and segregating populations of carioca common bean resistant to Fusarium wilt","authors":"Sâmela Beutinger Cavalheiro, L. C. Melo, T. Souza, H. S. Pereira","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p499","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli) is one of the most common diseases in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) crop, and the most viable alternative for its control is the use of resistant cultivars. However, the number of “carioca” cultivars, the most important commercial group in Brazil, which has a good level of resistance to this disease, is still low. To obtain populations with a higher degree of resistance, seven parents with different levels of resistance to Fusarium and which produce carioca grains were crossed in a complete diallel design. The 21 segregating populations obtained were evaluated in the years/generations 2012/F3, 2013/F4, and 2014/F5 in experiments in Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, in the winter crop season (sowing in May), together with the check cultivars BRS Notável (resistant) and BRS Cometa (susceptible) in an area naturally infested with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, under a center pivot irrigation system. Reaction to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100-seed weight were evaluated. Additive and non-additive effects contributed to control of reaction to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100-seed weight. The statistically negative general combining ability ( ) estimates for BRS Notável (-0.51), CNFC 15872 (-0.20), IPR Juriti (-0.18), and BRSMG Talismã (-0.13) indicate that these parents are recommended for obtaining populations more resistant to Fusarium wilt. Among them, cultivar BRS Notável also showed a statistically positive estimate for grain yield (87.90). Among the parents recommended for resistance to Fusarium wilt, cultivars IPR Juriti (0.99) and BRS Notável (0.23) are those that most contributed to obtaining populations with larger-sized beans. Cultivar BRS Notável is the most promising parent for participation in new crossing blocks, showing non-zero estimates for all traits, favoring an increase in resistance to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100-seed weight. Populations BRS Notável / CNFC 15872, BRS Ametista / BRS Notável, BRS Notável / BRSMG Talismã, and BRS Ametista / BRSMG Talismã showed good mean values for reaction to Fusarium wilt, yield, and 100-seed weight and at least one parent with a good general combining ability estimate for resistance to Fusarium wilt. These four populations are promising for obtaining lines with superior performance for resistance to Fusarium wilt, yield, and larger-sized grains.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43662911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p585
Juliana Martins de Oliveira, Ernandes Rodrigues de Alencar, M. Mendonça
O objetivo do presente trabalho é estudar o processo de saturação em coluna contendo castanhado-Brasil e possíveis alterações na qualidade do produto. Inicialmente as amostras de castanha-doBrasil foram acondicionadas em coluna cilíndrica de PVC de 15 cm de diâmetro e 110 cm de altura. Foram adotadas as concentrações do gás ozônio de 2,5, 4,5, 9,0 e 14,0 mg L-1 e vazão de 3,0 L min-1, na temperatura de 25 ºC. O gás ozônio foi injetado na base da coluna cilíndrica e os valores adotados de altura da coluna de grãos foram de 0,25, 0,50, e 0,75 m. Determinaram-se o tempo e a concentração de saturação. Na avaliação de possíveis alterações na qualidade de castanhas-do-Brasil ozonizadas foram determinados a umidade, coloração e variáveis qualitativas do óleo bruto, com tempos de exposição de 0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 h. Para avaliação da qualidade do óleo bruto extraído de castanhas ozonizadas foram analisadas o teor de ácidos graxos livres, o índice de peróxido e o índice de iodo. A elevação do período de ozonização promoveu aumento da concentração do ozônio para todas as concentrações de entrada do gás. No que se refere aos valores de tempo de saturação, à medida que se elevou a concentração de entrada do gás, houve redução do tempo de saturação, nas diferentes alturas de coluna do produto. Não houve variação da umidade do produto em decorrência da ozonização. A ozonização não provocou alterações significativas na cor e no óleo bruto, em decorrência da interação tripla entre altura da coluna do produto, concentração do ozônio e tempo de exposição. É possível concluir que a altura da coluna do produto influencia o tempo e a concentração de saturação, durante o processo de ozonização. O uso do ozônio nas condições adotadas no presente estudo não afeta a qualidade da castanhadoBrasil, considerando-se a cor do produto e características do óleo bruto, de tal forma a inviabilizar a comercialização.
本工作的目的是研究含巴西栗子的饱和柱过程和产品质量可能的变化。最初，巴西坚果样品被包装在直径15厘米、高110厘米的圆柱形PVC柱中。臭氧气体浓度分别为2.5、4、5、9、0和14.0 mg -1，流速分别为3.0 L min-1，温度为25℃。将臭氧气体注入圆柱底部，颗粒柱高度分别为0.25、0.50和0.75 m。测定了饱和时间和浓度。质量评级的可能性巴西坚果ozonizadas湿度测定,颜色和原油的性质变量,和曝光时间0、3、6、9和12小时,对提取的原油的质量评估是板栗ozonizadas分析游离脂肪酸含量,过氧化物和指数指数的碘。臭氧化周期的增加促进了所有气体输入浓度的臭氧浓度的增加。在饱和时间值方面，随着气体进口浓度的增加，饱和时间在产品的不同柱高下减少。由于臭氧化，产品的湿度没有变化。臭氧化没有引起颜色和原油的显著变化，这是由于产品柱高、臭氧浓度和暴露时间之间的三重相互作用。可以得出结论，产品柱的高度影响臭氧化过程中的饱和时间和浓度。考虑到产品的颜色和原油的特性，在本研究采用的条件下使用臭氧并不影响巴西坚果的质量，从而阻碍了商业化。
{"title":"Ozonização de castanha-do-Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.): efeito da altura da coluna no processo de saturação e alterações na qualidade","authors":"Juliana Martins de Oliveira, Ernandes Rodrigues de Alencar, M. Mendonça","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p585","url":null,"abstract":"O objetivo do presente trabalho é estudar o processo de saturação em coluna contendo castanhado-Brasil e possíveis alterações na qualidade do produto. Inicialmente as amostras de castanha-doBrasil foram acondicionadas em coluna cilíndrica de PVC de 15 cm de diâmetro e 110 cm de altura. Foram adotadas as concentrações do gás ozônio de 2,5, 4,5, 9,0 e 14,0 mg L-1 e vazão de 3,0 L min-1, na temperatura de 25 ºC. O gás ozônio foi injetado na base da coluna cilíndrica e os valores adotados de altura da coluna de grãos foram de 0,25, 0,50, e 0,75 m. Determinaram-se o tempo e a concentração de saturação. Na avaliação de possíveis alterações na qualidade de castanhas-do-Brasil ozonizadas foram determinados a umidade, coloração e variáveis qualitativas do óleo bruto, com tempos de exposição de 0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 h. Para avaliação da qualidade do óleo bruto extraído de castanhas ozonizadas foram analisadas o teor de ácidos graxos livres, o índice de peróxido e o índice de iodo. A elevação do período de ozonização promoveu aumento da concentração do ozônio para todas as concentrações de entrada do gás. No que se refere aos valores de tempo de saturação, à medida que se elevou a concentração de entrada do gás, houve redução do tempo de saturação, nas diferentes alturas de coluna do produto. Não houve variação da umidade do produto em decorrência da ozonização. A ozonização não provocou alterações significativas na cor e no óleo bruto, em decorrência da interação tripla entre altura da coluna do produto, concentração do ozônio e tempo de exposição. É possível concluir que a altura da coluna do produto influencia o tempo e a concentração de saturação, durante o processo de ozonização. O uso do ozônio nas condições adotadas no presente estudo não afeta a qualidade da castanhadoBrasil, considerando-se a cor do produto e características do óleo bruto, de tal forma a inviabilizar a comercialização.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70687164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p567
Luciana Sabini da Silva, K. Costa, Katryne Jordana de Oliveira, A. C. Costa, J. A. G. E. Silva, João Victor Campos Pinho Costa, Vitor Marques Barros, Lucas Eduardo Rodrigues de Moraes, Gercileny Oliveira Rodrigues, Kamilly Tiffany Magalhães Mendonça
Tropical legumes are used to prepare mixed silages to enrich the crude protein (CP) content. In This context, objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of fermentation and quality of maize silage with different levels of Pigeon pea. The experimental design was entirely randomized, with four repetitions. The treatments comprised maize silages with six levels of added Pigeon pea (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%), calculated based on natural matter. The maize hybrid and Pigeon pea varieties used were B 2800 PWU and Cajanus cajan cv. BRS Mandarin, respectively. For the silage, the maize and Pigeon pea were harvested when they reached 335.7 g kg-1 dry matter (DM) and 281.3 g kg-1 DM, respectively. The results revealed that the added of up to 40% Pigeon pea in maize silages promote nutritive increment without compromising their fermentative profile of the silage. Exclusive Pigeon pea silage (100%) undergoes fermentative losses that compromise the silage quality. Therefore, mixed silages of maize with Pigeon pea, with appropriate levels of addition, are a viable alternative to increase the nutritive value of silages, mainly the CP content, contributing to reducing the cost of acquisition of protein salts.
热带豆类用于制备混合青贮饲料，以提高粗蛋白（CP）含量。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是评估不同水平的鸽子豌豆对玉米青贮饲料的发酵动力学和质量。实验设计完全随机，重复四次。处理包括玉米青贮饲料，其中添加了基于天然物质计算的六个水平的鸽子豌豆（0、20、40、60、80和100%）。使用的玉米杂交种和鸽子豌豆品种分别是B2800 PWU和Cajanus cajan cv.BRS Mandarin。对于青贮饲料，玉米和鸽子豌豆分别在干物质（DM）达到335.7 g kg-1和281.3 g kg-1时收获。结果表明，在玉米青贮饲料中添加高达40%的鸽子豌豆可以促进营养增加，而不会影响青贮饲料的发酵特性。独有的鸽子豌豆青贮饲料（100%）会发生发酵损失，影响青贮饲料的质量。因此，玉米和鸽子豌豆的混合青贮饲料，加上适当的添加量，是提高青贮饲料营养价值（主要是CP含量）的可行替代品，有助于降低蛋白质盐的获取成本。
{"title":"Fermentation dynamics and quality of maize silage with Pigeon pea","authors":"Luciana Sabini da Silva, K. Costa, Katryne Jordana de Oliveira, A. C. Costa, J. A. G. E. Silva, João Victor Campos Pinho Costa, Vitor Marques Barros, Lucas Eduardo Rodrigues de Moraes, Gercileny Oliveira Rodrigues, Kamilly Tiffany Magalhães Mendonça","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p567","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical legumes are used to prepare mixed silages to enrich the crude protein (CP) content. In This context, objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of fermentation and quality of maize silage with different levels of Pigeon pea. The experimental design was entirely randomized, with four repetitions. The treatments comprised maize silages with six levels of added Pigeon pea (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%), calculated based on natural matter. The maize hybrid and Pigeon pea varieties used were B 2800 PWU and Cajanus cajan cv. BRS Mandarin, respectively. For the silage, the maize and Pigeon pea were harvested when they reached 335.7 g kg-1 dry matter (DM) and 281.3 g kg-1 DM, respectively. The results revealed that the added of up to 40% Pigeon pea in maize silages promote nutritive increment without compromising their fermentative profile of the silage. Exclusive Pigeon pea silage (100%) undergoes fermentative losses that compromise the silage quality. Therefore, mixed silages of maize with Pigeon pea, with appropriate levels of addition, are a viable alternative to increase the nutritive value of silages, mainly the CP content, contributing to reducing the cost of acquisition of protein salts.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47221035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p515
André Maurício Buzato, A. Kummer, A. Coldebella, J. D. Kich, P. Renaud, R. H. Carvalho
Postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PPDS) is a common disorder affecting sows in intensive production systems. In most cases, hypogalactia is not clearly identified and assumes a subclinical aspect. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) based on tolfenamic acid as a prophylactic treatment for PPDS and the performance of suckling piglets. Gilts (n = 319) were randomly divided into two groups: a tolfenamic acid group (n = 157) and a control (n = 162). The tolfenamic acid group received a single intramuscular injection (1 ml/20 kg of 4% tolfenamic acid) after farrowing, whereas the control group received no treatment. The occurrence of PPDS was confirmed. All piglets (n = 4,466) were weighed at 1, 4, and 18 days of age. All litters were evaluated for weight gain, the occurrence of diarrhea, and mortality between 4 and 18 days of age. PPDS variables were analyzed using logistic regression. Piglet weights were analyzed based on covariance while considering the effects of initial weight and the presence of diarrhea. Tolfenamic acid had no significant effect on the incidence of PPDS. The tolfenamic acid group had a 0.41% lower piglet mortality rate until 18 days of age. Tolfenamic acid administered prophylactically to gilts after farrowing reduced piglet mortality during lactation and promoted weight gain.
{"title":"Effect of tolfenamic acid in postpartum gilts and the performance of their piglets","authors":"André Maurício Buzato, A. Kummer, A. Coldebella, J. D. Kich, P. Renaud, R. H. Carvalho","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p515","url":null,"abstract":"Postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PPDS) is a common disorder affecting sows in intensive production systems. In most cases, hypogalactia is not clearly identified and assumes a subclinical aspect. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) based on tolfenamic acid as a prophylactic treatment for PPDS and the performance of suckling piglets. Gilts (n = 319) were randomly divided into two groups: a tolfenamic acid group (n = 157) and a control (n = 162). The tolfenamic acid group received a single intramuscular injection (1 ml/20 kg of 4% tolfenamic acid) after farrowing, whereas the control group received no treatment. The occurrence of PPDS was confirmed. All piglets (n = 4,466) were weighed at 1, 4, and 18 days of age. All litters were evaluated for weight gain, the occurrence of diarrhea, and mortality between 4 and 18 days of age. PPDS variables were analyzed using logistic regression. Piglet weights were analyzed based on covariance while considering the effects of initial weight and the presence of diarrhea. Tolfenamic acid had no significant effect on the incidence of PPDS. The tolfenamic acid group had a 0.41% lower piglet mortality rate until 18 days of age. Tolfenamic acid administered prophylactically to gilts after farrowing reduced piglet mortality during lactation and promoted weight gain.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44684973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p549
Maria Clementina Rodrigues Gomes, J. G. D. S. Silva Filho, F. Alves, Maria de Nazaré Paula da Silva, Clesio Morgado de Souza, Luara Coelho de Souza, T. V. Voltolini
The knowledge of ruminal degradation kinetics of forage cactus-based diets associated with Euphorbiaceae species of the genus Manihot assist in understanding nutrient quality and use, contributing to the indication of combinations of these ingredients in ruminant diets. This study aimed to evaluate the in situ ruminal degradability of diets with increasing association of forage cactus Elephant Ear (MEE) and pornunça (Manihot sp.) silage, as well as to analyze and evaluate the indigestible neutral detergent fiber (FDNi) content of forage cactus MEE and pornunça silage. The treatments consisted of diets with cactus pear associated with pornunça silage in the roughage portion in the proportions of 375, 250, 125 and 0 g kg-1 of DM. The feed was composed of 50% roughage and 50% concentrate of dry matter. Incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, and 144 hours were evaluated for the ingredients and 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours for the diets. Incubation to obtain the iNDF was given for 288 hours. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with three replications. Regarding roughage ingredients, MEE showed higher average disappearance, potential degradability (PD), and effective degradability (ED) in relation to pornunça silage, as well as lower NDFi content. The proportion of 375 g kg-1 MEE and 125 g kg-1 pornunça silage provided higher fractions a, b, and c, increasing ED considering the three passage rates, with higher PD. In conclusion, the association between MEE and pornunça silage at a proportion of 375 g kg-1 MEE and125g kg-1 pornunça silage of the roughage portion increases the in situ degradability of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber.
了解与大戟科马尼奥特属植物相关的以仙人掌为原料的饲料的瘤胃降解动力学有助于理解营养质量和利用，有助于在反刍动物饲料中指示这些成分的组合。本试验旨在评价饲粮中添加仙人掌象耳(MEE)和黄颡鱼(Manihot sp.)青贮对饲粮原位瘤胃降解率的影响，并分析和评价饲粮中不消化中性洗涤纤维(FDNi)含量。试验饲粮中分别添加375、250、125和0 g kg-1 DM比例的仙人掌梨和黄花苜蓿青贮，饲料中添加50%粗料和50%精干物质。对配料的孵育时间分别为0、6、12、24、48、96和144小时，对日粮的孵育时间分别为0、2、4、6、8、12、24、48、72和96小时。孵育288小时以获得iNDF。实验设计由随机分组组成，重复3次。在粗料成分方面，MEE的平均消失率、潜在降解率(PD)和有效降解率(ED)均高于黄颡鱼青贮，NDFi含量较低。375 g kg-1 MEE和125 g kg-1黄斑鱼青贮的比例提供了更高的a、b和c分数，考虑到三种传代率，ED增加，PD增加。综上所述，饲粮中添加375 g kg-1豆粕和125g kg-1豆粕时，可提高干物质、粗蛋白质和中性洗涤纤维的原位降解率。
{"title":"In situ ruminal degradability of forage cactus-based diets associated with pornunça silage","authors":"Maria Clementina Rodrigues Gomes, J. G. D. S. Silva Filho, F. Alves, Maria de Nazaré Paula da Silva, Clesio Morgado de Souza, Luara Coelho de Souza, T. V. Voltolini","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p549","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge of ruminal degradation kinetics of forage cactus-based diets associated with Euphorbiaceae species of the genus Manihot assist in understanding nutrient quality and use, contributing to the indication of combinations of these ingredients in ruminant diets. This study aimed to evaluate the in situ ruminal degradability of diets with increasing association of forage cactus Elephant Ear (MEE) and pornunça (Manihot sp.) silage, as well as to analyze and evaluate the indigestible neutral detergent fiber (FDNi) content of forage cactus MEE and pornunça silage. The treatments consisted of diets with cactus pear associated with pornunça silage in the roughage portion in the proportions of 375, 250, 125 and 0 g kg-1 of DM. The feed was composed of 50% roughage and 50% concentrate of dry matter. Incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, and 144 hours were evaluated for the ingredients and 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours for the diets. Incubation to obtain the iNDF was given for 288 hours. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with three replications. Regarding roughage ingredients, MEE showed higher average disappearance, potential degradability (PD), and effective degradability (ED) in relation to pornunça silage, as well as lower NDFi content. The proportion of 375 g kg-1 MEE and 125 g kg-1 pornunça silage provided higher fractions a, b, and c, increasing ED considering the three passage rates, with higher PD. In conclusion, the association between MEE and pornunça silage at a proportion of 375 g kg-1 MEE and125g kg-1 pornunça silage of the roughage portion increases the in situ degradability of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41937154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p469
Igor Mendes Scarpim, F. Baio, R. D. C. F. Alvarez, R. Gava, P. Teodoro, C. A. S. Silva Junior, L. P. Teodoro, Édipo Silva Freitas, Carlos Roberto Wassolowski
The dimensions of mechanized agricultural systems depend on the edaphoclimatic conditions, crops, and work regimes. This study aimed to geographically estimate the monthly available time and number of favorable hours for agricultural field spraying in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The meteorological restrictions imposed during unfavorable hours were as follows: ambient temperature above 32 ºC, relative humidity below 50 %, wind speed above 15 km h-1, and volumetric soil humidity above 39 % (equivalent to 90 % of the available water capacity). Mathematical models were then developed considering a period of ten years, which used historical data from the ground monitoring stations of the National Institute of Meteorology within the region. The subsequent algorithm was programmed and installed in a web server to simulate the time required for agricultural field spraying. During the cropping period in the region, there were climatic restrictions on performing agricultural spraying, with relative humidity being the variable with the most significant impact. However, soil moisture conditions restricted the available time for agricultural spraying more than the wind speed, relative air humidity, or ambient temperature.
机械化农业系统的规模取决于土壤气候条件、作物和工作制度。本研究旨在从地理上估计巴西南马托格罗索州农业田间喷洒的每月可用时间和有利时间。不利时段的气象限制如下：环境温度高于32ºC，相对湿度低于50%，风速高于15 km h-1，土壤体积湿度高于39%（相当于可用水量的90%）。然后，利用该地区国家气象研究所地面监测站的历史数据，开发了考虑十年时间的数学模型。随后的算法被编程并安装在网络服务器中，以模拟农田喷洒所需的时间。在该地区的种植期间，进行农业喷洒受到气候限制，相对湿度是影响最大的变量。然而，土壤湿度条件比风速、相对空气湿度或环境温度更限制农业喷洒的可用时间。
{"title":"Developing an algorithm to geographically estimate the available time for agricultural field spraying in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul","authors":"Igor Mendes Scarpim, F. Baio, R. D. C. F. Alvarez, R. Gava, P. Teodoro, C. A. S. Silva Junior, L. P. Teodoro, Édipo Silva Freitas, Carlos Roberto Wassolowski","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p469","url":null,"abstract":"The dimensions of mechanized agricultural systems depend on the edaphoclimatic conditions, crops, and work regimes. This study aimed to geographically estimate the monthly available time and number of favorable hours for agricultural field spraying in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The meteorological restrictions imposed during unfavorable hours were as follows: ambient temperature above 32 ºC, relative humidity below 50 %, wind speed above 15 km h-1, and volumetric soil humidity above 39 % (equivalent to 90 % of the available water capacity). Mathematical models were then developed considering a period of ten years, which used historical data from the ground monitoring stations of the National Institute of Meteorology within the region. The subsequent algorithm was programmed and installed in a web server to simulate the time required for agricultural field spraying. During the cropping period in the region, there were climatic restrictions on performing agricultural spraying, with relative humidity being the variable with the most significant impact. However, soil moisture conditions restricted the available time for agricultural spraying more than the wind speed, relative air humidity, or ambient temperature.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44625559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p485
Larissa Pim Calabrez, L. D. S. Ribeiro, Nayara Borges Sampaio, H. Jerdy, Maria Luiza Martins, Aline Souza Rossi Croce, Guilherme Lessa Sanches, P. A. Di Filippo, E. J. Abílio
A utilização de membranas biológicas em curativos tem se tornado cada vez mais uma realidade. Concomitante, busca-se um meio de conservação ideal que possa proporcionar a manutenção do tecido por longos períodos de tempo sem interferir em sua qualidade e aplicabilidade clínica. Desta forma, oobjetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar e comparar histologicamente e microbiologicamente peles de rãsubmetidas a dois diferentes métodos de conservação. Foram avaliadas 16 peles de rã-touro as quais foram, em função do método de conservação, subdivididas em dois grupos com 08 peles cada: O Grupo Congelamento (GC) no qual as peles foram submetidas ao congelamento a -4º, em solução de glicerinaa 20%; e o grupo Glicerina (GG), no qual as peles foram conservadas em temperatura ambiente (média de 28ºC e umidade média de 78%) em glicerina a 98%. As peles foram analisadas a fresco (T0) e com 30 (T1), 60 (T2), 90 (T3) e 120 (T4) dias de conservação. Os dados foram analisados de forma comparativa. Em todos os tempos analisados e em ambos os tratamentos, não houve crescimento bacteriano ou fúngico e a estrutura da pele e o arranjo de colágeno mantiveram-se íntegros. Conclui-se que, ambos os métodos de conservação são eficientes e capazes de manter a estrutura morfológica tecidual, e impedem o crescimento e a proliferação de contaminantes por até 120 dias.
{"title":"Estudo comparativo de meios de conservação de pele de rã-touro (Rana catesbeiana) para utilização como biomaterial","authors":"Larissa Pim Calabrez, L. D. S. Ribeiro, Nayara Borges Sampaio, H. Jerdy, Maria Luiza Martins, Aline Souza Rossi Croce, Guilherme Lessa Sanches, P. A. Di Filippo, E. J. Abílio","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p485","url":null,"abstract":"A utilização de membranas biológicas em curativos tem se tornado cada vez mais uma realidade. Concomitante, busca-se um meio de conservação ideal que possa proporcionar a manutenção do tecido por longos períodos de tempo sem interferir em sua qualidade e aplicabilidade clínica. Desta forma, oobjetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar e comparar histologicamente e microbiologicamente peles de rãsubmetidas a dois diferentes métodos de conservação. Foram avaliadas 16 peles de rã-touro as quais foram, em função do método de conservação, subdivididas em dois grupos com 08 peles cada: O Grupo Congelamento (GC) no qual as peles foram submetidas ao congelamento a -4º, em solução de glicerinaa 20%; e o grupo Glicerina (GG), no qual as peles foram conservadas em temperatura ambiente (média de 28ºC e umidade média de 78%) em glicerina a 98%. As peles foram analisadas a fresco (T0) e com 30 (T1), 60 (T2), 90 (T3) e 120 (T4) dias de conservação. Os dados foram analisados de forma comparativa. Em todos os tempos analisados e em ambos os tratamentos, não houve crescimento bacteriano ou fúngico e a estrutura da pele e o arranjo de colágeno mantiveram-se íntegros. Conclui-se que, ambos os métodos de conservação são eficientes e capazes de manter a estrutura morfológica tecidual, e impedem o crescimento e a proliferação de contaminantes por até 120 dias.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43362701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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