Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2282371
Aftab Majeed, Luqman Ali Shah, S. Faizan, Hameed Ullah
ABSTRACT Due to the presence of highly persistent and non-biodegradable dyes that are capable of causing harm to people, plants, animals, and the environment, the treatment of dye-contaminated water tends to be highly challenging. In the current work, polyacrylic acid and bio-polymer-based hydrogels of hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (HEC) were prepared through the free radical polymerization method and were used as adsorbents for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). To estimate the nature and mechanism of adsorption, kinetics, and isotherm models were adopted. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model was followed by the sorption of MB. Results demonstrated that with an increase in concentration of dye dosage, adsorption increases linearly. Freundlich isotherm model was followed for the sorption of MB onto polyacrylic acid and bio-polymer-based hydrogels. Thermodynamic study of the adsorption process reveals that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic as inferred from Gibbs free energy and enthalpy values of 33.08 kJ/mol and 3.83 kJ/mol at 303K, respectively. Recycling performance was tested and inferred that bio-polymer-based hydrogel having 0.6 gm. Hydroxyethyl cellulose decreases its adsorption efficiency equivalent to 5% after consecutive five cycles. The bio-polymer-based hydrogels will be used as an effective adsorbent for removing cationic dyes from wastewater on an industrial scale.
{"title":"Fabrication of bio-polymer-based hydrogel for methylene blue remediation: Kinetics, mechanisms, and environmental implications","authors":"Aftab Majeed, Luqman Ali Shah, S. Faizan, Hameed Ullah","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2282371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2282371","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Due to the presence of highly persistent and non-biodegradable dyes that are capable of causing harm to people, plants, animals, and the environment, the treatment of dye-contaminated water tends to be highly challenging. In the current work, polyacrylic acid and bio-polymer-based hydrogels of hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (HEC) were prepared through the free radical polymerization method and were used as adsorbents for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). To estimate the nature and mechanism of adsorption, kinetics, and isotherm models were adopted. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model was followed by the sorption of MB. Results demonstrated that with an increase in concentration of dye dosage, adsorption increases linearly. Freundlich isotherm model was followed for the sorption of MB onto polyacrylic acid and bio-polymer-based hydrogels. Thermodynamic study of the adsorption process reveals that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic as inferred from Gibbs free energy and enthalpy values of 33.08 kJ/mol and 3.83 kJ/mol at 303K, respectively. Recycling performance was tested and inferred that bio-polymer-based hydrogel having 0.6 gm. Hydroxyethyl cellulose decreases its adsorption efficiency equivalent to 5% after consecutive five cycles. The bio-polymer-based hydrogels will be used as an effective adsorbent for removing cationic dyes from wastewater on an industrial scale.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"58 4","pages":"3043 - 3055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139262067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-17DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2280507
T. Kodispathi, K. J. Mispa
ABSTRACT Nano-sized composite ion-exchanger can be applied as an electrochemically switchable ion-exchanger for waste water treatment, especially in the separation of heavy metal ions from the polluted aquatic system. Advanced polyaniline/Ti(IV) iodomolybdate nanocomposite ion-exchanger have been synthesized by in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization shows better ion-exchange capacity than individual inorganic counterpart. The physico-chemical characterization was done by FT-IR, XRD, simultaneous TGA-DTA, SEM, HR-TEM and electrochemical impedance studies. According to impedance/dielectrical study, it has high resistivity in the low-frequency region. The distribution studies and binary separation revealed that the ion-exchange material is highly selective for Pb2+, which is a most important environmental pollutant. Thus, PANI/TIM nanocomposite ion-exchanger can be used for Pb(II) ion-selective membrane for the treatment of aquatic pollutants in future.
{"title":"Titanium-embedded nanocomposite material stimulates ion-exchange characteristics to deal with toxic heavy metal pollutants in aquatic environment","authors":"T. Kodispathi, K. J. Mispa","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2280507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2280507","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nano-sized composite ion-exchanger can be applied as an electrochemically switchable ion-exchanger for waste water treatment, especially in the separation of heavy metal ions from the polluted aquatic system. Advanced polyaniline/Ti(IV) iodomolybdate nanocomposite ion-exchanger have been synthesized by in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization shows better ion-exchange capacity than individual inorganic counterpart. The physico-chemical characterization was done by FT-IR, XRD, simultaneous TGA-DTA, SEM, HR-TEM and electrochemical impedance studies. According to impedance/dielectrical study, it has high resistivity in the low-frequency region. The distribution studies and binary separation revealed that the ion-exchange material is highly selective for Pb2+, which is a most important environmental pollutant. Thus, PANI/TIM nanocomposite ion-exchanger can be used for Pb(II) ion-selective membrane for the treatment of aquatic pollutants in future.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"2932 - 2949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139262990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2279949
Nguyen Hoang Luan, Doan Thi Thu Trang, Nguyen Minh Thuan, Nguyen Thi My Linh, Nguyen Thi Truc Phuong, Ngo Tran Hoang Duong, Nguyen Van Dung, Tran Thuy Tuyet Mai, Nguyen Quang Long
ABSTRACT Powdered zeolites have been reported as effective CO2 capture materials. However, pellet form is needed for industrial application. In this study, shaped zeolite X (ZX) and Fe3+ ion-exchanged zeolite X (ZXFe) with geopolymer as binder were produced in forms of cylinder pellets (Ø = 5 mm, h = 5 mm) at low temperature. The geopolymer was obtained through the geopolymerization of metakaolin using NaOH as an alkaline activating agent. The material formed by this way remained the zeolite X structure that was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results of the two different kind geopolymer – zeolite pellets were considered for observation and comparison. BET analysis was also conducted to determine the specific surface area of the GZX3 samples and GZXFeL3 samples. This kind of analysis also provided the information about the adsorption – desorption curves and pore size distributions of the two pellet samples. The difference of the temperature in the pretreatment process affected the degas ability of the pellet and the series of experiments were carried out to make clear comparison. The highest CO2 adsorption capacities of pellets were found in the GZX3 (containing the zeolite X) and GZXFeL3 (containing the ZXFe). Despite the rapid decrease in the surface areas from 409 to 261 m2/g for GZX3 and GZXFeL3 respectively, GZXFeL3 showed higher CO2 capacities than the other (1.03 compared to 0.96 mmol/g). In the regeneration study, after several cycles of adsorption – desorption of GZXFeL3 pellets, the adsorption capacity of CO2 decreased about 10%. These adsorption and desorption experiments implied that the pellets formed by ZXFe could be a promising adsorbent for the CO2 capture.
{"title":"Geopolymer-zeolite and geopolymer- iron (III) ion exchanged zeolite pellets as highly regenerable CO2 adsorbents","authors":"Nguyen Hoang Luan, Doan Thi Thu Trang, Nguyen Minh Thuan, Nguyen Thi My Linh, Nguyen Thi Truc Phuong, Ngo Tran Hoang Duong, Nguyen Van Dung, Tran Thuy Tuyet Mai, Nguyen Quang Long","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279949","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Powdered zeolites have been reported as effective CO2 capture materials. However, pellet form is needed for industrial application. In this study, shaped zeolite X (ZX) and Fe3+ ion-exchanged zeolite X (ZXFe) with geopolymer as binder were produced in forms of cylinder pellets (Ø = 5 mm, h = 5 mm) at low temperature. The geopolymer was obtained through the geopolymerization of metakaolin using NaOH as an alkaline activating agent. The material formed by this way remained the zeolite X structure that was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results of the two different kind geopolymer – zeolite pellets were considered for observation and comparison. BET analysis was also conducted to determine the specific surface area of the GZX3 samples and GZXFeL3 samples. This kind of analysis also provided the information about the adsorption – desorption curves and pore size distributions of the two pellet samples. The difference of the temperature in the pretreatment process affected the degas ability of the pellet and the series of experiments were carried out to make clear comparison. The highest CO2 adsorption capacities of pellets were found in the GZX3 (containing the zeolite X) and GZXFeL3 (containing the ZXFe). Despite the rapid decrease in the surface areas from 409 to 261 m2/g for GZX3 and GZXFeL3 respectively, GZXFeL3 showed higher CO2 capacities than the other (1.03 compared to 0.96 mmol/g). In the regeneration study, after several cycles of adsorption – desorption of GZXFeL3 pellets, the adsorption capacity of CO2 decreased about 10%. These adsorption and desorption experiments implied that the pellets formed by ZXFe could be a promising adsorbent for the CO2 capture.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"77 4","pages":"2895 - 2907"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2279948
Maryam Malmir, F. Shemirani
ABSTRACT Biomagnifications of emergent contamination with diclofenac in aquatic media exert adverse effects on ecosystems and the environment. Hence, employing an effective remediation route, especially magnetic adsorption, is highly beneficial to eliminating hazardous pharmaceutical wastes. In this research, an efficient magnetic nanoadsorbent derived from aminated manganese ferrite, cellulose, and graphene oxide (GO) has been characterized and employed for diclofenac (DF) removal. Results of EDX analysis showed that aminopropyltriethoxysilane, as an amine source, have been anchored on the magnetic adsorbent surface with high density. Moreover, FESEM and TEM images, as well as the XRD pattern, confirmed that the nanocomposite is a three-component adsorbent. Response surface methodology was adopted to optimize effective parameters for DF adsorption. Solution pH, contact time, adsorbent amount, and concentration of NaNO3 were four variables that have been optimized. Kinetic and isotherm studies for the adsorption experiments showed that diclofenac adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Moreover, the thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and follows an exothermic path. With a high maximum adsorption capacity of 439.0 mg.g−1 and an adequate removal efficiency of 98.0%, the aminated MnFe2O4-cellulose-GO is a suitable candidate to mitigate the side effects of DF in aqueous media.
{"title":"Aminated cellulose-GO-Doped manganese ferrite Nanosorbent with Enhanced adsorption properties of Diclofenac: Isotherm, kinetic, and Thermodynamic Study","authors":"Maryam Malmir, F. Shemirani","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279948","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Biomagnifications of emergent contamination with diclofenac in aquatic media exert adverse effects on ecosystems and the environment. Hence, employing an effective remediation route, especially magnetic adsorption, is highly beneficial to eliminating hazardous pharmaceutical wastes. In this research, an efficient magnetic nanoadsorbent derived from aminated manganese ferrite, cellulose, and graphene oxide (GO) has been characterized and employed for diclofenac (DF) removal. Results of EDX analysis showed that aminopropyltriethoxysilane, as an amine source, have been anchored on the magnetic adsorbent surface with high density. Moreover, FESEM and TEM images, as well as the XRD pattern, confirmed that the nanocomposite is a three-component adsorbent. Response surface methodology was adopted to optimize effective parameters for DF adsorption. Solution pH, contact time, adsorbent amount, and concentration of NaNO3 were four variables that have been optimized. Kinetic and isotherm studies for the adsorption experiments showed that diclofenac adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Moreover, the thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and follows an exothermic path. With a high maximum adsorption capacity of 439.0 mg.g−1 and an adequate removal efficiency of 98.0%, the aminated MnFe2O4-cellulose-GO is a suitable candidate to mitigate the side effects of DF in aqueous media.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"2908 - 2931"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Secondary aluminum ash is a byproduct in the aluminum industry that contains valuable components, such as aluminum nitride (AlN) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). AlN has excellent thermal and electrical properties and is widely used in various applications, making the recovery of AlN from secondary aluminum ash essential for both economic and environmental reasons. In this study, we developed a novel triboelectric separation technique to recover AlN from aluminum ash by investigating the tribocharging characteristics of the main components of secondary aluminum ash, Al2O3 and AlN. We studied the effects of tribocharging ball ratio, friction time, and stirring speed on the tribocharging of pure Al2O3 and AlN, using various materials such as polytef (PTFE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), copper (Cu), and stainless steel (SS) as tribocharging materials. We also examined the effects of friction medium ball ratio, friction medium material, rotational speed, and voltage on the triboelectric separation process. Our results showed that the charge-to-mass ratio for Al2O3 and AlN was 1.96 and −15.56 nC/g, respectively, the difference is largest, with a PTFE ball, a 1:5 ratio, a stirring speed of 290 n/min, and a tribocharging duration of 30 s. The triboelectric sequence of these friction materials was (+)PTFE, PP, Al2O3, SS, Cu, PVC, and AlN (-). To recover AlN from aluminum ash, PTFE should be chosen as the friction medium, and a friction medium ball ratio of 1:3, rpm rotation speed of 50, and voltage of 40kV should be used, resulting in an AlN grade of 89.25% and a significant increase in the recovery rate of AlN in the positive and negative electrode. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of effective triboelectric separation of Al2O3 and AlN.
{"title":"Recovering AlN from secondary aluminum ash using a novel triboelectric separation","authors":"Zhenxing Zhang, Jilan Shi, Haifeng Wang, Yongqiang Xu, Jiahui Niu, Zihui Zhang, Juan Hao","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2282956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2282956","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Secondary aluminum ash is a byproduct in the aluminum industry that contains valuable components, such as aluminum nitride (AlN) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). AlN has excellent thermal and electrical properties and is widely used in various applications, making the recovery of AlN from secondary aluminum ash essential for both economic and environmental reasons. In this study, we developed a novel triboelectric separation technique to recover AlN from aluminum ash by investigating the tribocharging characteristics of the main components of secondary aluminum ash, Al2O3 and AlN. We studied the effects of tribocharging ball ratio, friction time, and stirring speed on the tribocharging of pure Al2O3 and AlN, using various materials such as polytef (PTFE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), copper (Cu), and stainless steel (SS) as tribocharging materials. We also examined the effects of friction medium ball ratio, friction medium material, rotational speed, and voltage on the triboelectric separation process. Our results showed that the charge-to-mass ratio for Al2O3 and AlN was 1.96 and −15.56 nC/g, respectively, the difference is largest, with a PTFE ball, a 1:5 ratio, a stirring speed of 290 n/min, and a tribocharging duration of 30 s. The triboelectric sequence of these friction materials was (+)PTFE, PP, Al2O3, SS, Cu, PVC, and AlN (-). To recover AlN from aluminum ash, PTFE should be chosen as the friction medium, and a friction medium ball ratio of 1:3, rpm rotation speed of 50, and voltage of 40kV should be used, resulting in an AlN grade of 89.25% and a significant increase in the recovery rate of AlN in the positive and negative electrode. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of effective triboelectric separation of Al2O3 and AlN.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"39 3","pages":"3056 - 3068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2259603
Qiulian Chang, Guofeng He, Haiyong Sun
ABSTRACT This study is centered on the separation of the fluorene-dibenzofuran system through binary phase equilibrium experiments and azeotropic distillation simulations. An enhanced Othmer equilibrium still was employed to conduct phase equilibrium experiments, and the obtained data were correlated to determine the missing binary interaction parameters. The resulting experimental data demonstrated thermodynamic consistency and reliability. Subsequent correlation using the NRTL, UNIQUAC, and Wilson models highlighted the UNIQUAC model’s exceptional agreement with experimental values. This underscores the model’s capability to precisely characterize the fluorene-dibenzofuran system’s phase behavior. The phase equilibrium study provided pivotal parameters and predictions, forming the groundwork for subsequent separation process simulations and equipment development. Azeotropic simulations, employing ethylene glycol as a co-boiling solvent and simulated via Aspen software, yielded high-purity fluorene products with a minimum purity of ≥ 98%. These findings emphasize the potency of azeotropic distillation in achieving high-purity separation within the fluorene-dibenzofuran system, with promising implications for industrial applications.
{"title":"Study on vapor-liquid equilibrium and azeotropic distillation simulation of fluorene- dibenzofuran system","authors":"Qiulian Chang, Guofeng He, Haiyong Sun","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2259603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2259603","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study is centered on the separation of the fluorene-dibenzofuran system through binary phase equilibrium experiments and azeotropic distillation simulations. An enhanced Othmer equilibrium still was employed to conduct phase equilibrium experiments, and the obtained data were correlated to determine the missing binary interaction parameters. The resulting experimental data demonstrated thermodynamic consistency and reliability. Subsequent correlation using the NRTL, UNIQUAC, and Wilson models highlighted the UNIQUAC model’s exceptional agreement with experimental values. This underscores the model’s capability to precisely characterize the fluorene-dibenzofuran system’s phase behavior. The phase equilibrium study provided pivotal parameters and predictions, forming the groundwork for subsequent separation process simulations and equipment development. Azeotropic simulations, employing ethylene glycol as a co-boiling solvent and simulated via Aspen software, yielded high-purity fluorene products with a minimum purity of ≥ 98%. These findings emphasize the potency of azeotropic distillation in achieving high-purity separation within the fluorene-dibenzofuran system, with promising implications for industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"19 8","pages":"2950 - 2960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2279945
A. N. Joshi, A. Chandrakar, K. Wasewar, R. S. Thakur
ABSTRACT p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA) remains present in various industrial effluents, it has various industrial applications and excellent medicinal properties, on the contrary, it degrades the fertility of soil if discharged in atmosphere hence, retrieval of p-HBA from effluent is a mandate. In past decades, reactive extraction has arisen as an efficient and attractive separation technique. Therefore, in the present study, the reactive extraction of p-HBA, using Tri-n-octylamine diluted in toluene, petroleum ether, and methyl isobutyl ketone, has been investigated. The results have been reported in terms of efficiency, distribution coefficient, equilibrium complexation constant, and loading ratio. The order of diluents, with respect to extraction given, is MIBK (93.43%) > toluene (92.57%)> petroleum ether (91.43%). The relative basicity model is used to for the interpretation and is found suitable for explaining the results. The diffusion coefficient was also found using Reddy Doraiswamy equation and Wilke Chang equation. Further, minimum number of stages of counter current extraction column and solvent to feed ratio were also calculated to investigate the feasibility of the process.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of reactive extraction of p-hydroxybenzoic acid using TOA in toluene, petroleum ether and MIBK","authors":"A. N. Joshi, A. Chandrakar, K. Wasewar, R. S. Thakur","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279945","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA) remains present in various industrial effluents, it has various industrial applications and excellent medicinal properties, on the contrary, it degrades the fertility of soil if discharged in atmosphere hence, retrieval of p-HBA from effluent is a mandate. In past decades, reactive extraction has arisen as an efficient and attractive separation technique. Therefore, in the present study, the reactive extraction of p-HBA, using Tri-n-octylamine diluted in toluene, petroleum ether, and methyl isobutyl ketone, has been investigated. The results have been reported in terms of efficiency, distribution coefficient, equilibrium complexation constant, and loading ratio. The order of diluents, with respect to extraction given, is MIBK (93.43%) > toluene (92.57%)> petroleum ether (91.43%). The relative basicity model is used to for the interpretation and is found suitable for explaining the results. The diffusion coefficient was also found using Reddy Doraiswamy equation and Wilke Chang equation. Further, minimum number of stages of counter current extraction column and solvent to feed ratio were also calculated to investigate the feasibility of the process.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"67 7","pages":"2971 - 2987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516
Hanif Subhan, Sultan Alam, None Uzma, Mohib Ullah, Luqman Ali Shah
ABSTRACTThe sorptive removal of recalcitrant dyes from aquatic media holds paramount significance in the contemporary research. The pressing problem has been addressed by facile fabrication and subsequent sorption studies on sodium alginate grafted poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] hydrogel for sorption of methylene green (MG). The sorbent achieved equilibrium in 30 minutes, whereas highest sorption capacity was noted at optimum pH 5. At 25°C, the sorbed quantity of the adsorbate enhanced with the rise in initial concentration. The data of isothermal studies fitted well into the Langmuir isotherm as suggested by relatively higher R2 of ≈ 0.98. The sorption obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics as evidenced by exceptionally higher R2 (0.999) and substantial agreement in experimentally obtained and theoretically calculated second-order rate constant. The validity of Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models imply the occurrence of chemisorption between anionic [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] sorbent and cationic MG. Moreover, the material exhibits dual (pH and temperature) responsive nature because the amount sorbed undergoes variation with change in temperature and pH. The results signify potential candidature of the fabricated sorbent for the reclamation of dye contaminated water and related applications.KEYWORDS: Sorptive removalrecalcitrant dyesfacile fabricationpolymeric hydrogelsorption experiments Supplemental dataSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Novelity statementDual responsive sodium alginate grafted poly (N-Isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] hydrogel was fabricated by free radical polymerization method.Sorption behaviour of the graft co-polymeric material was explored in batch adsorption experiments by using methylene green (MG) as a probe dye.The sorption kinetics and isotherm were probed by applying different kinetic and isotherm models.The MG loaded sorbent was regenerated by adopting solvent extraction route using acetoneThe recycling behaviour of the spent sorbent was inspected for six successive sorption-desorption runs.The results signify potential candidature of the fabricated sorbent for the reclamation of dye contaminated water and related applications.
{"title":"Smart dual responsive alginate grafted copolymeric hydrogel for sorption of recalcitrant methylene green from water","authors":"Hanif Subhan, Sultan Alam, None Uzma, Mohib Ullah, Luqman Ali Shah","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe sorptive removal of recalcitrant dyes from aquatic media holds paramount significance in the contemporary research. The pressing problem has been addressed by facile fabrication and subsequent sorption studies on sodium alginate grafted poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] hydrogel for sorption of methylene green (MG). The sorbent achieved equilibrium in 30 minutes, whereas highest sorption capacity was noted at optimum pH 5. At 25°C, the sorbed quantity of the adsorbate enhanced with the rise in initial concentration. The data of isothermal studies fitted well into the Langmuir isotherm as suggested by relatively higher R2 of ≈ 0.98. The sorption obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics as evidenced by exceptionally higher R2 (0.999) and substantial agreement in experimentally obtained and theoretically calculated second-order rate constant. The validity of Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models imply the occurrence of chemisorption between anionic [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] sorbent and cationic MG. Moreover, the material exhibits dual (pH and temperature) responsive nature because the amount sorbed undergoes variation with change in temperature and pH. The results signify potential candidature of the fabricated sorbent for the reclamation of dye contaminated water and related applications.KEYWORDS: Sorptive removalrecalcitrant dyesfacile fabricationpolymeric hydrogelsorption experiments Supplemental dataSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Novelity statementDual responsive sodium alginate grafted poly (N-Isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] hydrogel was fabricated by free radical polymerization method.Sorption behaviour of the graft co-polymeric material was explored in batch adsorption experiments by using methylene green (MG) as a probe dye.The sorption kinetics and isotherm were probed by applying different kinetic and isotherm models.The MG loaded sorbent was regenerated by adopting solvent extraction route using acetoneThe recycling behaviour of the spent sorbent was inspected for six successive sorption-desorption runs.The results signify potential candidature of the fabricated sorbent for the reclamation of dye contaminated water and related applications.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"37 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACTThree grades of pectin xanthates (PX1, PX2, and PX3) have been prepared by the reaction of pectin with carbon disulfide (CS2) in an alkaline medium using NaOH, via the xanthation process. The percentage yield of prepared pectin xanthates has been found to be 87.06%, 90.38%, and 93.80% for PX1, PX2, and PX3, respectively. Prepared pectin xanthates and raw pectin were utilized for heavy metals (Cu(II) and Ni(II)) and lignin enriched paper industry wastewater (LEPIW) treatment. The removal percentage of pectin, PX1, P X2, and PX3 for Cu removal at optimum condition (adsorbent dose: 5.14 g/L, pH: 5 for Cu and 7 for Ni, optimum temperature: 50°C and time: 80 min for Cu(II) and 100 min for Ni(II)) has been found as 85%, 92.33%, 93.5%, and 94.66% and 76.66%, 89.44%, 91.66%, and 93.33%, respectively, for Ni removal. The LEPIW treatment efficacy for pectin, PX1, PX2, and PX3 has been found to be 54%, 77%, 83%, and 86% for the initial COD: 2000 mg/L, pH: 7, optimum temperature: 40°C in 105 min operation time. Adsorption isotherm studies suggest that Langmuir isotherm is most appropriate which indicates adsorption follows chemisorption. The adsorption capacities of PX1, PX2, and PX3 are found as 309.59, 352.11, and 380.22 mg/g for Cu(II) and 299.40, 315.45, and 328.94 mg/g and for Ni(II), respectively, which is very high in comparison with many other recent literature studies.KEYWORDS: Xanthateadsorptionpaper wastewaterheavy metalCOD removal Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Manuscript’s most relevant contributions Synthesis and characterization of three grade pectin xanthate for wastewater treatment.Cu removal in the range of 85–95% for an initial load of 2000 mg/L.Ni removal in the range of 76–93% for an initial load of 2000 mg/L.Adsorption capacities are found between 309 and 380 mg/g for Cu removal.Adsorption capacities are found between 299 and 329 mg/g for Ni removal.LEPIW treatment efficiency in the range of 54–76% for an initial COD of 2000 mg/L.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of pectin-xanthate and their application in heavy metal and lignin enriched paper industry wastewater treatment","authors":"Arbind Chaurasiya, Poorn Prakash Pande, Ravi Shankar, Amar Nath, Narendra Pratap Tripathi","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279942","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThree grades of pectin xanthates (PX1, PX2, and PX3) have been prepared by the reaction of pectin with carbon disulfide (CS2) in an alkaline medium using NaOH, via the xanthation process. The percentage yield of prepared pectin xanthates has been found to be 87.06%, 90.38%, and 93.80% for PX1, PX2, and PX3, respectively. Prepared pectin xanthates and raw pectin were utilized for heavy metals (Cu(II) and Ni(II)) and lignin enriched paper industry wastewater (LEPIW) treatment. The removal percentage of pectin, PX1, P X2, and PX3 for Cu removal at optimum condition (adsorbent dose: 5.14 g/L, pH: 5 for Cu and 7 for Ni, optimum temperature: 50°C and time: 80 min for Cu(II) and 100 min for Ni(II)) has been found as 85%, 92.33%, 93.5%, and 94.66% and 76.66%, 89.44%, 91.66%, and 93.33%, respectively, for Ni removal. The LEPIW treatment efficacy for pectin, PX1, PX2, and PX3 has been found to be 54%, 77%, 83%, and 86% for the initial COD: 2000 mg/L, pH: 7, optimum temperature: 40°C in 105 min operation time. Adsorption isotherm studies suggest that Langmuir isotherm is most appropriate which indicates adsorption follows chemisorption. The adsorption capacities of PX1, PX2, and PX3 are found as 309.59, 352.11, and 380.22 mg/g for Cu(II) and 299.40, 315.45, and 328.94 mg/g and for Ni(II), respectively, which is very high in comparison with many other recent literature studies.KEYWORDS: Xanthateadsorptionpaper wastewaterheavy metalCOD removal Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Manuscript’s most relevant contributions Synthesis and characterization of three grade pectin xanthate for wastewater treatment.Cu removal in the range of 85–95% for an initial load of 2000 mg/L.Ni removal in the range of 76–93% for an initial load of 2000 mg/L.Adsorption capacities are found between 309 and 380 mg/g for Cu removal.Adsorption capacities are found between 299 and 329 mg/g for Ni removal.LEPIW treatment efficiency in the range of 54–76% for an initial COD of 2000 mg/L.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"117 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2261076
K. Salimi, S. Dadashzadeh, M. Aghaie
ABSTRACTThe gas centrifuge process is widely used in the world to separate binary and multi component mixtures of isotopes. The majority of a plant cost is related to the number of centrifuges in a cascade. The cascade should be built so that it uses the fewest possible centrifuges for a given product and waste concentrations. Minimizing the number of centrifuges and the total flow rates, is a key point in designing and optimizing isotope separation cascades. The main purpose of this paper is to present a novel swarm intelligence based algorithm to solve these kinds of problems. This novel algorithm, called the Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA), is inspired by the behavioral patterns of horses in their habitats. In this work, it is demonstrated that the suggested algorithm can solve complicated multidimensional problems. HOA is tested by some test functions of high-dimensions and the results are compared with the strongest available optimization algorithms. In next, the proposed algorithm is used to optimize gas centrifuge cascades for the separation of binary and multicomponent mixtures of isotopes in several cases. Also, ideal and optimum cascades are compared in different separating regimes of the stages, using this method. Considering the performance of HOA in solving multidimensional problems, this algorithm is proposed for the optimization of long cascades.KEYWORDS: Swarm intelligenceHOAgas CentrifugecascadeOptimization Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Optimization of isotopic binary and multi-component separation cascades using a novel nature-inspired horse herd algorithm","authors":"K. Salimi, S. Dadashzadeh, M. Aghaie","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2261076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2261076","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe gas centrifuge process is widely used in the world to separate binary and multi component mixtures of isotopes. The majority of a plant cost is related to the number of centrifuges in a cascade. The cascade should be built so that it uses the fewest possible centrifuges for a given product and waste concentrations. Minimizing the number of centrifuges and the total flow rates, is a key point in designing and optimizing isotope separation cascades. The main purpose of this paper is to present a novel swarm intelligence based algorithm to solve these kinds of problems. This novel algorithm, called the Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA), is inspired by the behavioral patterns of horses in their habitats. In this work, it is demonstrated that the suggested algorithm can solve complicated multidimensional problems. HOA is tested by some test functions of high-dimensions and the results are compared with the strongest available optimization algorithms. In next, the proposed algorithm is used to optimize gas centrifuge cascades for the separation of binary and multicomponent mixtures of isotopes in several cases. Also, ideal and optimum cascades are compared in different separating regimes of the stages, using this method. Considering the performance of HOA in solving multidimensional problems, this algorithm is proposed for the optimization of long cascades.KEYWORDS: Swarm intelligenceHOAgas CentrifugecascadeOptimization Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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