Seminars in cell & developmental biology最新文献_第2页

Recent insights into atrial chamber formation 最近对房室形成的见解。

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103664

Marga Albu , David Sedmera , Didier Y.R. Stainier

The sinus node, at the venous end of the heart, automatically generates the electrical impulses that initiate each heart beat and set the heart’s rhythm. From the sinus node, these action potentials are transmitted by specialized structures including initially the atrial inner muscle bundles. Congenital malformations of the atrial wall and the corrective procedures used to treat them frequently disrupt atrial physiology, thereby increasing the risk of arrhythmias. Understanding how the atrial inner muscle bundles develop could therefore facilitate therapeutic strategies. Here, we discuss recent findings on the development of the atrial inner wall and contextualize it with the better understood process of ventricular wall development. Atrial wall architecture varies across species, leading to differences in the patterns of action potential propagation and cardiac contractions. More basal vertebrates such as fish and amphibians (e.g., axolotls) display a webbed-like atrial inner myocardium, whereas mammals develop hierarchically patterned atrial inner muscle structures. This architectural evolution may be associated with the higher cardiovascular requirements of homeothermic organisms. Although the complexity of the atrial inner wall appears to be critical for cardiac function, how it emerges has only recently started being investigated. Oriented action potential propagation correlates with the appearance of the first inner muscle bundles in the chick atrium. Recent studies in zebrafish have shown that atrial cardiomyocytes elongate and intercalate to form multilayered inner structures important for optimal cardiac function. Notably, the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind inner wall emergence differ between the atrium and ventricle. Altogether, these findings lay the foundation for future research into atrial morphogenesis and chamber-specific therapies for congenital heart defects.

位于心脏静脉末端的窦结自动产生电脉冲，触发每次心跳并设定心律。从窦房结开始，这些动作电位通过专门的结构传递，包括最初的心房内肌束。先天性心房壁畸形和用于治疗这些畸形的矫正手术经常扰乱心房生理，从而增加心律失常的风险。因此，了解心房内肌束是如何发育的可以促进治疗策略。在这里，我们讨论心房内壁发育的最新发现，并将其与更好地理解的心室壁发育过程联系起来。心房壁结构因物种而异，导致动作电位传播和心脏收缩模式的差异。更多的基础脊椎动物，如鱼类和两栖动物（如蝾螈）显示网状的心房心肌，而哺乳动物则发展出分层的心房内肌结构。这种结构上的进化可能与恒温生物对心血管的更高要求有关。尽管心房内壁的复杂性似乎对心脏功能至关重要，但它是如何出现的直到最近才开始被研究。定向动作电位的传播与小鸡心房内第一批肌束的出现有关。最近对斑马鱼的研究表明，心房心肌细胞伸长并插入，形成多层的内部结构，对优化心脏功能很重要。值得注意的是，心房和心室内壁形成背后的细胞和分子机制不同。总之，这些发现为进一步研究先天性心脏缺陷的心房形态发生和房室特异性治疗奠定了基础。

{"title":"Recent insights into atrial chamber formation","authors":"Marga Albu , David Sedmera , Didier Y.R. Stainier","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sinus node, at the venous end of the heart, automatically generates the electrical impulses that initiate each heart beat and set the heart’s rhythm. From the sinus node, these action potentials are transmitted by specialized structures including initially the atrial inner muscle bundles. Congenital malformations of the atrial wall and the corrective procedures used to treat them frequently disrupt atrial physiology, thereby increasing the risk of arrhythmias. Understanding how the atrial inner muscle bundles develop could therefore facilitate therapeutic strategies. Here, we discuss recent findings on the development of the atrial inner wall and contextualize it with the better understood process of ventricular wall development. Atrial wall architecture varies across species, leading to differences in the patterns of action potential propagation and cardiac contractions. More basal vertebrates such as fish and amphibians (e.g., axolotls) display a webbed-like atrial inner myocardium, whereas mammals develop hierarchically patterned atrial inner muscle structures. This architectural evolution may be associated with the higher cardiovascular requirements of homeothermic organisms. Although the complexity of the atrial inner wall appears to be critical for cardiac function, how it emerges has only recently started being investigated. Oriented action potential propagation correlates with the appearance of the first inner muscle bundles in the chick atrium. Recent studies in zebrafish have shown that atrial cardiomyocytes elongate and intercalate to form multilayered inner structures important for optimal cardiac function. Notably, the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind inner wall emergence differ between the atrium and ventricle. Altogether, these findings lay the foundation for future research into atrial morphogenesis and chamber-specific therapies for congenital heart defects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103664"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145565027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Charting the cardiac landscape: Advances in spatial transcriptomics for heart biology 绘制心脏景观：心脏生物学的空间转录组学进展

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103648

Elie N. Farah , Jessyka T. Diaz , Joshua Bloomekatz , Neil C. Chi

The heart is the first organ to form in the developing embryo. Throughout development, it continues to grow and function to support the maturing fetus by circulating nutrients to all of the developing organs. Defects in the spatial organization of cardiac cells can lead to congenital heart defects (CHD), which affects 1–3 % of all live births, as well as adult heart diseases. Spatial transcriptomics has revolutionized our understanding of cardiac biology by providing high-resolution maps of gene expression within intact tissue, offering insights into cellular interactions and spatial organization across the entire heart. Recent improvements have enabled precise mapping of cellular heterogeneity within developing human hearts, revealing spatially organized populations of cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocyte cells and key signaling pathways in cardiac morphogenesis. Studies of adult hearts post-myocardial infarction (MI) using these technologies have unraveled gene expression patterns specific to injury zones. Furthermore, multi-modal approaches combining spatial transcriptomics with epigenetic, proteomic, and functional data have expanded our understanding of cell type-specific responses and molecular mechanisms underpinning cardiac injury responses and fibrosis. Here, we describe the range of spatial transcriptomic technologies currently available and discuss the technical considerations involved in conducting spatial analyses. We further highlight the progression from early spatial mapping techniques to contemporary high-resolution, multi-modal approaches in studying cardiac tissue, underscoring how these advancements provide unprecedented insights into heart development, disease, and regeneration, and discuss future directions for applying spatial transcriptomics to address fundamental questions in cardiovascular biology and therapy.

心脏是胚胎发育过程中最先形成的器官。在整个发育过程中，它继续生长并发挥作用，通过将营养物质循环到所有发育中的器官来支持成熟的胎儿。心脏细胞空间组织的缺陷可导致先天性心脏缺陷（CHD），影响所有活产婴儿的1-3 - %，以及成人心脏病。空间转录组学通过提供完整组织内基因表达的高分辨率图谱，为整个心脏的细胞相互作用和空间组织提供了见解，彻底改变了我们对心脏生物学的理解。最近的改进已经能够精确绘制人类心脏发育中的细胞异质性，揭示心肌细胞和非心肌细胞的空间组织群体以及心脏形态发生中的关键信号通路。使用这些技术对心肌梗死后成人心脏的研究揭示了损伤区特异性的基因表达模式。此外，将空间转录组学与表观遗传学、蛋白质组学和功能数据相结合的多模式方法扩大了我们对细胞类型特异性反应和支持心脏损伤反应和纤维化的分子机制的理解。在这里，我们描述了目前可用的空间转录组学技术的范围，并讨论了进行空间分析所涉及的技术考虑。我们进一步强调了从早期空间制图技术到当代高分辨率、多模态方法在心脏组织研究中的进展，强调了这些进步如何为心脏发育、疾病和再生提供前所未有的见解，并讨论了应用空间转录组学解决心血管生物学和治疗基本问题的未来方向。

{"title":"Charting the cardiac landscape: Advances in spatial transcriptomics for heart biology","authors":"Elie N. Farah , Jessyka T. Diaz , Joshua Bloomekatz , Neil C. Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The heart is the first organ to form in the developing embryo. Throughout development, it continues to grow and function to support the maturing fetus by circulating nutrients to all of the developing organs. Defects in the spatial organization of cardiac cells can lead to congenital heart defects (CHD), which affects 1–3 % of all live births, as well as adult heart diseases. Spatial transcriptomics has revolutionized our understanding of cardiac biology by providing high-resolution maps of gene expression within intact tissue, offering insights into cellular interactions and spatial organization across the entire heart. Recent improvements have enabled precise mapping of cellular heterogeneity within developing human hearts, revealing spatially organized populations of cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocyte cells and key signaling pathways in cardiac morphogenesis. Studies of adult hearts post-myocardial infarction (MI) using these technologies have unraveled gene expression patterns specific to injury zones. Furthermore, multi-modal approaches combining spatial transcriptomics with epigenetic, proteomic, and functional data have expanded our understanding of cell type-specific responses and molecular mechanisms underpinning cardiac injury responses and fibrosis. Here, we describe the range of spatial transcriptomic technologies currently available and discuss the technical considerations involved in conducting spatial analyses. We further highlight the progression from early spatial mapping techniques to contemporary high-resolution, multi-modal approaches in studying cardiac tissue, underscoring how these advancements provide unprecedented insights into heart development, disease, and regeneration, and discuss future directions for applying spatial transcriptomics to address fundamental questions in cardiovascular biology and therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103648"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lessons for cardiac regeneration from non-mammalian model organisms 非哺乳动物模式生物心脏再生的经验教训。

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103653

Yusuke Watanabe, Kazu Kikuchi

Unlike mammals, certain non-mammalian species — such as amphibians and teleost fish — can regenerate their hearts after severe damage. Investigating non-mammalian heart regeneration could provide strategies to reactivate regenerative mechanisms in adult human hearts, potentially reducing morbidity and mortality related to heart failure. This review offers an overview of key findings from earlier studies using amphibian models and highlights recent advances from teleost fish, with a particular focus on signaling pathways, enhancers, and transcription factors that regulate the endogenous mechanisms of cardiac regeneration.

与哺乳动物不同，某些非哺乳动物物种，如两栖动物和硬骨鱼，在严重损伤后可以再生心脏。研究非哺乳动物心脏再生可以为重新激活成人心脏再生机制提供策略，有可能降低与心力衰竭相关的发病率和死亡率。本文综述了早期使用两栖动物模型研究的主要发现，并重点介绍了硬骨鱼的最新进展，特别关注调节心脏再生内源性机制的信号通路、增强子和转录因子。

引用次数: 0

Zebrafish as a model system for studying cilia biology and ciliopathies 斑马鱼作为研究纤毛生物学和纤毛病的模型系统

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103652

Mengfan Wu , Jiongchen Lin , Chengjie Yu , Chengtian Zhao , Haibo Xie

Cilia are highly conserved, microtubule-based, hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They perform essential functions in signal transduction, cellular motility, and the regulation of fluid flow within tissues. Foundational insights into ciliary biology have largely been derived from invertebrate models such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Caenorhabditis elegans, which each possess a relatively uniform cilium type. In contrast, vertebrates display remarkable diversity in ciliary subtypes, with distinct structures and functions tailored to specific tissues. This diversity underlies the broad physiological importance of cilia, and it also explains why defects in ciliary assembly or function result in a wide spectrum of human genetic disorders collectively known as ciliopathies. As a result, vertebrate models have become indispensable for uncovering the roles of cilia in both normal development and disease pathogenesis. Among them, zebrafish has emerged as a particularly versatile and powerful model system. Its unique experimental advantages—including optical transparency during embryogenesis, external fertilization, high fecundity, and compatibility with large-scale genetic and pharmacological screening—make it ideally suited for studying ciliary biology in vivo. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of ciliary function using zebrafish, with particular emphasis on studies of ciliopathy-associated genes and newly uncovered roles of cilia in processes such as spinal development and meiosis. Finally, we discuss current challenges and outline future research directions, highlighting how zebrafish will continue to drive discoveries in cilia biology and ciliopathy research.

纤毛是一种高度保守的、基于微管的、毛发状的细胞器，从大多数真核细胞表面伸出。它们在信号转导、细胞运动和组织内流体流动的调节中发挥重要作用。对纤毛生物学的基本认识在很大程度上来源于无脊椎动物模型，如莱茵衣藻和秀丽隐杆线虫，它们都具有相对统一的纤毛类型。相比之下，脊椎动物在纤毛亚型中表现出显著的多样性，具有针对特定组织的独特结构和功能。这种多样性奠定了纤毛广泛的生理重要性，也解释了为什么纤毛组装或功能缺陷导致广泛的人类遗传疾病，统称为纤毛病。因此，脊椎动物模型已成为揭示纤毛在正常发育和疾病发病机制中的作用不可或缺的工具。其中，斑马鱼已经成为一个特别通用和强大的模型系统。其独特的实验优势-包括胚胎发生时的光学透明性，体外受精，高繁殖力，以及与大规模遗传和药理筛选的兼容性-使其非常适合体内研究纤毛生物学。在这篇综述中，我们总结了近年来我们对斑马鱼纤毛功能的理解，特别强调了纤毛病相关基因的研究以及新发现的纤毛在脊柱发育和减数分裂等过程中的作用。最后，我们讨论了当前的挑战并概述了未来的研究方向，强调斑马鱼将如何继续推动纤毛生物学和纤毛病研究的发现。

{"title":"Zebrafish as a model system for studying cilia biology and ciliopathies","authors":"Mengfan Wu , Jiongchen Lin , Chengjie Yu , Chengtian Zhao , Haibo Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cilia are highly conserved, microtubule-based, hair-like organelles that project from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. They perform essential functions in signal transduction, cellular motility, and the regulation of fluid flow within tissues. Foundational insights into ciliary biology have largely been derived from invertebrate models such as <em>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</em> and <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em>, which each possess a relatively uniform cilium type. In contrast, vertebrates display remarkable diversity in ciliary subtypes, with distinct structures and functions tailored to specific tissues. This diversity underlies the broad physiological importance of cilia, and it also explains why defects in ciliary assembly or function result in a wide spectrum of human genetic disorders collectively known as ciliopathies. As a result, vertebrate models have become indispensable for uncovering the roles of cilia in both normal development and disease pathogenesis. Among them, zebrafish has emerged as a particularly versatile and powerful model system. Its unique experimental advantages—including optical transparency during embryogenesis, external fertilization, high fecundity, and compatibility with large-scale genetic and pharmacological screening—make it ideally suited for studying ciliary biology in vivo. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of ciliary function using zebrafish, with particular emphasis on studies of ciliopathy-associated genes and newly uncovered roles of cilia in processes such as spinal development and meiosis. Finally, we discuss current challenges and outline future research directions, highlighting how zebrafish will continue to drive discoveries in cilia biology and ciliopathy research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103652"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic modeling of mitosis: Insights from three collaborative case studies 有丝分裂的机制建模：来自三个合作案例研究的见解

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103643

Jing Chen , Daniela Cimini

Mechanistic mathematical modeling has become an essential tool in modern biological research due to its powerful ability to integrate diverse data, generate hypotheses, and guide experimental design. It is particularly valuable for studying complex cellular mechanisms involving numerous interacting components. While the full dynamics of such systems usually elude direct experimental observation, modeling provides a means to integrate fragmented data with reasonable and/or informed assumptions into coherent mechanistic frameworks, simulate system behavior, and identify promising directions for further experimentation. When closely integrated with experiments, modeling can greatly accelerate progress in cell biology. However, the value of modeling is not automatic—it must be earned through careful model construction, critical interpretation of results, and thoughtful design of follow-up experiments. To demystify this process, we review three of our collaborative projects in mitosis, drawing on our experiences as a modeler and an experimentalist. We describe how the projects were initiated, why specific modeling approaches were chosen, how models were developed and refined, how model predictions guided new experiments, and how integrated modeling and experimentation led to deeper mechanistic insights. Finally, we emphasize that at the heart of every successful collaboration lies human connection. Productive cross-disciplinary communication is fundamental to bridging experimental and modeling perspectives and fully realizing the potential of integrative approaches in modern cell biology.

机械数学建模具有整合多种数据、生成假设和指导实验设计的强大能力，已成为现代生物学研究的重要工具。它对于研究涉及许多相互作用成分的复杂细胞机制特别有价值。虽然这些系统的完整动态通常无法直接实验观察，但建模提供了一种方法，可以将具有合理和/或知情假设的碎片数据整合到连贯的机制框架中，模拟系统行为，并为进一步的实验确定有希望的方向。当与实验紧密结合时，建模可以极大地促进细胞生物学的进展。然而，建模的价值不是自动产生的，它必须通过仔细的模型构建、对结果的批判性解释和后续实验的周到设计来获得。为了揭开这个过程的神秘面纱，我们回顾了我们在有丝分裂方面的三个合作项目，借鉴了我们作为建模者和实验家的经验。我们描述了项目是如何启动的，为什么选择特定的建模方法，如何开发和改进模型，模型预测如何指导新的实验，以及如何集成建模和实验导致更深层次的机制见解。最后，我们强调，每一次成功合作的核心都在于人与人之间的联系。高效的跨学科交流是连接实验和建模观点以及充分实现现代细胞生物学综合方法潜力的基础。

{"title":"Mechanistic modeling of mitosis: Insights from three collaborative case studies","authors":"Jing Chen , Daniela Cimini","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanistic mathematical modeling has become an essential tool in modern biological research due to its powerful ability to integrate diverse data, generate hypotheses, and guide experimental design. It is particularly valuable for studying complex cellular mechanisms involving numerous interacting components. While the full dynamics of such systems usually elude direct experimental observation, modeling provides a means to integrate fragmented data with reasonable and/or informed assumptions into coherent mechanistic frameworks, simulate system behavior, and identify promising directions for further experimentation. When closely integrated with experiments, modeling can greatly accelerate progress in cell biology. However, the value of modeling is not automatic—it must be earned through careful model construction, critical interpretation of results, and thoughtful design of follow-up experiments. To demystify this process, we review three of our collaborative projects in mitosis, drawing on our experiences as a modeler and an experimentalist. We describe how the projects were initiated, why specific modeling approaches were chosen, how models were developed and refined, how model predictions guided new experiments, and how integrated modeling and experimentation led to deeper mechanistic insights. Finally, we emphasize that at the heart of every successful collaboration lies human connection. Productive cross-disciplinary communication is fundamental to bridging experimental and modeling perspectives and fully realizing the potential of integrative approaches in modern cell biology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103643"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mammalian motile cilia: Structure, formation, organization, and function 哺乳动物活动纤毛：结构、形成、组织和功能

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103651

Xueliang Zhu

Cilia are membrane-covered hair-like organelles built on specialized centrioles and conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution. They are either motile or immotile, serving respectively as versatile signaling antennae or elegant beating nanomachines. Accordingly, their dysfunctions cause a wide variety of developmental and degenerative disorders, which in human are syndromes termed ciliopathies. Motile cilia in mammals reside in epithelial cells. Their rapid, rhythmic beating facilitates reproduction, left-right patterning, and organ homeostasis by propelling directional gamete transport, nodal flow, cerebrospinal fluid circulation, and mucus clearance. They merge mostly as multicilia, with up to hundreds per cell. Multiciliated cells need not only to break the tight cellular control on centriole biogenesis and ensure accurate assemblies of numerous structural components for their formations, but to properly organize and polarize them for their functions as well. This review mainly focuses on the cell biology of mammalian motile cilia, with the mouse as the model organism.

纤毛是一种被膜覆盖的毛发状细胞器，建立在特殊的中心粒上，在真核生物的进化过程中一直保存着。它们要么是活动的，要么是不活动的，分别充当多功能信号天线或优雅的跳动纳米机器。因此，它们的功能障碍引起各种各样的发育和退行性疾病，这些疾病在人类中被称为纤毛病。哺乳动物的活动纤毛存在于上皮细胞中。它们快速、有节奏的跳动通过促进定向配子运输、淋巴结流动、脑脊液循环和粘液清除来促进生殖、左右模式和器官稳态。它们大多合并成多毛细胞，每个细胞多达数百个。多毛细胞不仅需要打破细胞对中心粒生物发生的严格控制，确保其形成的众多结构成分的精确组装，而且需要正确组织和极化它们以实现其功能。本文以小鼠为模型生物，对哺乳动物运动纤毛的细胞生物学进行了综述。

引用次数: 0

Decoding zebrafish oogenesis: From primordial germ cell development to fertilization 解码斑马鱼的卵发生：从原始生殖细胞发育到受精

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103650

Laura Hofmann, Carl-Philipp Heisenberg

Oogenesis – the formation and development of an oocyte – is fundamental to reproduction and embryonic development. Due to its accessibility to genetic manipulations and the ability to culture and experimentally manipulate oocytes ex vivo, zebrafish has emerged as a powerful vertebrate model system for studying oogenesis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of zebrafish oogenesis, from early germ cell formation to oocyte maturation and fertilization. We discuss recent advances in uncovering the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving this complex process and highlight key knowledge gaps that remain to be addressed.

卵发生-卵母细胞的形成和发育-是生殖和胚胎发育的基础。由于其易于遗传操作和体外培养和实验操作卵母细胞的能力，斑马鱼已成为研究卵子发生的强大脊椎动物模型系统。在这篇综述中，我们提供了斑马鱼卵发生的全面概述，从早期生殖细胞形成到卵母细胞成熟和受精。我们讨论了在揭示驱动这一复杂过程的分子和细胞机制方面的最新进展，并强调了仍有待解决的关键知识空白。

引用次数: 0

Engineering the ovarian niche: Environmental control of folliculogenesis in vitro 工程卵巢生态位：体外卵泡发生的环境控制

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103639

Arezoo Dadashzadeh , Saeid Moghassemi , Saba Nikanfar , Ellen C.R. Leonel , Shunran Zhang , Maria João Sousa , Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz , Christiani A. Amorim

Advancements in cancer therapies have significantly improved patient survival, but gonadotoxic treatments often compromise fertility, particularly in female patients. While ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation are well-established fertility preservation options, they are not recommended for patients with blood-borne cancers or highly metastatic malignancies due to the risk of ovarian involvement. In these cases, follicle in vitro culture offers a promising alternative. However, folliculogenesis is a complex process that requires meticulous environmental control to mimic the ovarian niche. Key factors include biochemical signals delivered through culture media, biophysical support provided by three-dimensional biomaterials or the native extracellular matrix, and crucial cellular interactions that drive follicular development. Recent advances in biomaterial design have led to the creation of scaffolds that not only preserve structural integrity but also facilitate nutrient exchange and cell communication. Moreover, dynamic culture systems have shown superior outcomes compared to static models, offering a more physiologically relevant environment. This review explores the interplay of biochemical, biophysical, and mechanical factors in in vitro folliculogenesis. By synthesizing current innovations in scaffold design, culture systems, and bioactive supplementation, we outline key strategies for optimizing in vitro follicular development. These advances pave the way toward safer and more effective fertility preservation approaches for patients at high risk of ovarian metastasis and offer broader insights into reproductive biology and regenerative medicine. However, to fully realize this potential, further standardization, long-term safety studies, and critical evaluation of emerging technologies remain essential to enable robust clinical translation and personalized reproductive applications.

癌症治疗的进步显著提高了患者的生存率，但促性腺毒素治疗往往会损害生育能力，尤其是女性患者。虽然卵巢组织冷冻保存和移植是公认的保存生育能力的选择，但由于卵巢受累的风险，不推荐用于血源性癌症或高度转移性恶性肿瘤患者。在这些情况下，卵泡体外培养提供了一个有希望的选择。然而，卵泡发生是一个复杂的过程，需要细致的环境控制来模拟卵巢生态位。关键因素包括通过培养基传递的生化信号，三维生物材料或天然细胞外基质提供的生物物理支持，以及驱动卵泡发育的关键细胞相互作用。生物材料设计的最新进展导致支架的创造，不仅保持结构完整性，而且促进营养交换和细胞通讯。此外，与静态模型相比，动态培养系统显示出更好的结果，提供了一个更生理相关的环境。本文综述了体外卵泡形成过程中生物化学、生物物理和机械因素的相互作用。通过综合目前支架设计、培养系统和生物活性补充方面的创新，我们概述了优化体外卵泡发育的关键策略。这些进展为卵巢转移高风险患者提供更安全、更有效的生育保护方法铺平了道路，并为生殖生物学和再生医学提供了更广泛的见解。然而，为了充分发挥这一潜力，进一步的标准化、长期安全性研究和对新兴技术的批判性评估仍然是实现稳健的临床转化和个性化生殖应用的必要条件。

{"title":"Engineering the ovarian niche: Environmental control of folliculogenesis in vitro","authors":"Arezoo Dadashzadeh , Saeid Moghassemi , Saba Nikanfar , Ellen C.R. Leonel , Shunran Zhang , Maria João Sousa , Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz , Christiani A. Amorim","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancements in cancer therapies have significantly improved patient survival, but gonadotoxic treatments often compromise fertility, particularly in female patients. While ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation are well-established fertility preservation options, they are not recommended for patients with blood-borne cancers or highly metastatic malignancies due to the risk of ovarian involvement. In these cases, follicle in vitro culture offers a promising alternative. However, folliculogenesis is a complex process that requires meticulous environmental control to mimic the ovarian niche. Key factors include biochemical signals delivered through culture media, biophysical support provided by three-dimensional biomaterials or the native extracellular matrix, and crucial cellular interactions that drive follicular development. Recent advances in biomaterial design have led to the creation of scaffolds that not only preserve structural integrity but also facilitate nutrient exchange and cell communication. Moreover, dynamic culture systems have shown superior outcomes compared to static models, offering a more physiologically relevant environment. This review explores the interplay of biochemical, biophysical, and mechanical factors in in vitro folliculogenesis. By synthesizing current innovations in scaffold design, culture systems, and bioactive supplementation, we outline key strategies for optimizing in vitro follicular development. These advances pave the way toward safer and more effective fertility preservation approaches for patients at high risk of ovarian metastasis and offer broader insights into reproductive biology and regenerative medicine. However, to fully realize this potential, further standardization, long-term safety studies, and critical evaluation of emerging technologies remain essential to enable robust clinical translation and personalized reproductive applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103639"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distributed computing inspired by biology 受生物学启发的分布式计算。

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103666

Matthias Függer , Thomas Nowak , Kerian Thuillier

Biological systems are mastering the art of composing cells into colonies, tissues, and organisms. This article reviews striking similarities and differences between such biological systems and distributed computing systems, where computational units are composed to form larger systems with the goal of increasing computational power, enhancing system robustness, or overcoming spatial distances.

A problem that recurs in many contexts in distributed systems is obtaining a consistent view of part of the system by its agents. Such problems, known as agreement problems in distributed computing, have been extensively studied across different computational models, varying, for example, in the extent to which the network is stable or dynamic.

Motivated by the importance of agreement problems, we discuss examples ranging from simple to more complex cases, the latter in the context of optimization: agents solving graph optimization problems, searching for optima in arbitrary loss landscapes, and applying gradient-based techniques closely related to widely adopted artificial neural networks.

We then discuss the reverse direction: distributed systems implemented with biological material. In particular, we detail a theoretical distributed computing model and algorithm targeted toward implementation in bacterial populations.

We conclude with an outlook on what we consider the beginning of a promising intersection between distributed computing and biology, highlighting opportunities for both understanding natural systems and engineering novel distributed systems, both biological and in silico.

生物系统正在掌握将细胞组合成菌落、组织和有机体的艺术。本文回顾了这种生物系统和分布式计算系统之间惊人的异同。分布式计算系统中，计算单元被组成以形成更大的系统，其目标是提高计算能力、增强系统健壮性或克服空间距离。在分布式系统的许多上下文中反复出现的一个问题是通过系统的代理获得系统部分的一致视图。这些问题被称为分布式计算中的协议问题，已经在不同的计算模型中进行了广泛的研究，例如，在网络稳定或动态的程度上。由于一致性问题的重要性，我们讨论了从简单到更复杂的例子，后者在优化的背景下：代理解决图优化问题，在任意损失景观中搜索最优，以及应用与广泛采用的人工神经网络密切相关的基于梯度的技术。然后我们讨论相反的方向：用生物材料实现分布式系统。特别是，我们详细介绍了一种针对细菌种群实现的理论分布式计算模型和算法。最后，我们展望了分布式计算和生物学之间有希望的交叉的开始，强调了理解自然系统和工程新型分布式系统的机会，包括生物和计算机。

{"title":"Distributed computing inspired by biology","authors":"Matthias Függer , Thomas Nowak , Kerian Thuillier","doi":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological systems are mastering the art of composing cells into colonies, tissues, and organisms. This article reviews striking similarities and differences between such biological systems and distributed computing systems, where computational units are composed to form larger systems with the goal of increasing computational power, enhancing system robustness, or overcoming spatial distances.</div><div>A problem that recurs in many contexts in distributed systems is obtaining a consistent view of part of the system by its agents. Such problems, known as agreement problems in distributed computing, have been extensively studied across different computational models, varying, for example, in the extent to which the network is stable or dynamic.</div><div>Motivated by the importance of agreement problems, we discuss examples ranging from simple to more complex cases, the latter in the context of optimization: agents solving graph optimization problems, searching for optima in arbitrary loss landscapes, and applying gradient-based techniques closely related to widely adopted artificial neural networks.</div><div>We then discuss the reverse direction: distributed systems implemented with biological material. In particular, we detail a theoretical distributed computing model and algorithm targeted toward implementation in bacterial populations.</div><div>We conclude with an outlook on what we consider the beginning of a promising intersection between distributed computing and biology, highlighting opportunities for both understanding natural systems and engineering novel distributed systems, both biological and in silico.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21735,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cell & developmental biology","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 103666"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145550521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

For special issue: Collective cell migration in vivo 特刊：体内集体细胞迁移。

IF 6 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103663

Mie Wong, Tetsuya Hiraiwa

引用次数: 0