Sexual Medicine最新文献

Background: Genito-pelvic pain and penetration disorder (GPPPD) affects multiple aspects of a woman's life, yet its biopsychosocial impact in the Italian context remains underexplored.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate differences in psychosocial and sexual well-being between women with and without self-reported GPPPD.

Methods: A sample of 310 women (M _age = 29.08 ± 7.93, range = 18-57) was recruited and divided into two groups: 141 women who self-reported suffering from GPPPD and 169 women who reported not suffering from it. Data were collected through online platforms and the Italian versions of the Vaginal Penetration Cognition Questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Parental Bonding Instrument, the Romance Qualities Scale, the Female Sexual Function Index, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were administered. Since there is no Italian version of the Vaginal Penetration Cognition Questionnaire, its psychometric properties were preliminarily evaluated in an independent and convenience sample of 170 women (M _age = 28.28 ± 7.64, Range = 18-49). To explore whether the two groups differed on the study variables, a series of multivariate analyses of variance were carried out.

Outcomes: The outcomes of the study were the levels of the vaginal penetration-related cognitions, alexithymia, relationships with mother and partner, and life and sexual satisfaction.

Results: Women with GPPPD reported higher negative cognitions related to penetration, higher levels of alexithymia, a lower quality of the relationship with both the partner and the mother, as well as lower life and sexual satisfaction than the control group.

Clinical translation: These findings emphasize the need for multidisciplinary approaches addressing cognitive, emotional, and relational factors to improve the well-being of women with GPPPD.

Strengths and limitations: Strengths include the comprehensive assessment of biopsychosocial factors. Limitations involve reliance on self-reported diagnosis, potential recruitment bias, and the cross-sectional nature of the study.

Conclusion: The study highlights the extensive impact of GPPPD on women's well-being, emphasizing the importance of tailored interventions targeting the disorder's psychological and relational dimensions.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that alterations in the gut microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction (ED).

Aim: To investigate the potential causal relationship between specific gut microbial taxa and ED, identify key microbial metabolites and their associated target genes, and evaluate their therapeutic potential through computational drug screening.

Methods: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for gut microbiota and ED were obtained from the MiBioGen, IEU OpenGWAS, and FinnGen databases. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using the TwoSampleMR package to assess potential causal relationships. A microbiota-metabolite-target gene network was constructed using data from GutMGene, Super-PRED, and GeneCards databases to explore the microbiota-host interaction axis. The DeepPurpose machine learning framework was utilized to predict drug-target binding affinities, and top-ranking drug-gene pairs were validated by molecular docking to assess binding free energies and confirm interaction stability.

Outcomes: The study aimed to identify specific gut microbiota, metabolites, and target genes associated with ED and evaluate their therapeutic potential.

Results: MR analysis revealed a negative association between ED and the gut microbial genera Alistipes, Butyricicoccus, and Dialister, suggesting a potential protective role. Machine learning predictions indicated strong binding affinities between target genes (NFKB1, TLR4, CYP3A4) and bile acid derivatives (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid and Taurochenodeoxycholic acid). Molecular docking confirmed high binding affinities of NFKB1 to Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (-9.81 kcal/mol) and Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (-9.35 kcal/mol).

Clinical implications: These findings suggest that gut microbiota and their metabolites could serve as potential therapeutic targets for ED interventions.

Strengths and limitations: The study provides novel insights into the gut microbiota-ED relationship by integrating multi-omics data and advanced computational methods. However, validation in preclinical or clinical studies is needed to translate these findings into therapeutic applications.

Conclusion: Specific gut microbiota, through metabolites and associated target genes, may influence the onset of ED. These findings highlight potential therapeutic targets and provide a basis for future interventions in ED treatment.

Background: There is a presumed yet untested connection between sexual compulsivity and pedophilic interest among sexual offenders against children, which has driven the widespread use of anti-libidinal treatments for high-risk offenders.

Aim: To test the hypothesis that compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) and pedophilic interest are related.

Methods: A group of 95 prisoners in treatment for sexual offenses was administered questionnaires measuring CSB, and their self-reported offense history analyzed in order to assess their level of pedophilic interest.

Outcomes: All subjects were able to provide valid details of their sexual behavior and of their previous sexual offending, and there was a wide distribution of scores on both measures.

Results: Contrary to the main hypothesis, the findings revealed a negative relationship between CSB and pedophilic interest. Further analysis indicated that the main factor of CSB underlying this relationship was a lack of negative affect, together with non-significant negative trends toward the unwanted consequences and affect dysregulation components of CSB in relation to pedophilic interest.

Clinical implications: These results challenge the assumption that targeting CSB through anti-libidinal medication should be the primary intervention for offenders with elevated sexual interest in children. Instead, multifactorial approaches to sexual offending may yield more meaningful long-term effects on offender risk.

Strengths and limitations: This study is the first to explore the relationship between CSB and pedophilic interest in convicted offenders, providing valuable insights into their management and treatment. However, its findings are limited by treating pedophilic interest as a continuous variable, despite evidence suggesting it may be a taxon, potentially restricting the broader applicability of the results.

Conclusions: The study concludes that compulsive sexual behavior and pedophilic interest are not inherently linked in incarcerated offenders. This underscores the need for nuanced, individualized treatment approaches that align with multifactorial models of sexual offending. Clinically and at the policy level, this calls for a shift away from a sole focus on anti-libidinal treatments toward interventions tailored to address the complex and varied needs of this population.

Background: There is limited research about the prevalence of receptive anal intercourse (RAI), erogeneity and sexual pleasure within the zones of the rectum.

Aim: We describe the experience of RAI within a large and diverse population in an online convenience survey, to map zones of erogenous sensation within the rectum, and to assess orgasm function among individuals who practice RAI.

Methods: Adult subjects were recruited from an online survey platform and were queried about their history of RAI. Those who endorsed RAI were shown illustrations of the rectum divided into four non-overlapping anatomic regions. Subjects designated regions where they experienced pleasure when touched during RAI. Subjects were also asked about their ability to achieve orgasm from RAI alone or if they required co-stimulation of additional regions. Demographics were collected, and differences were analyzed based on gender, age, and sexual orientation identity.

Outcomes: Outcomes include mapped erogeneity of the rectum among men and women and self-reported experiences with RAI, including orgasm function related to RAI among cisgender adults.

Results: A total of 466 cisgender men (mean age ± SD, 46.3 ± 17.5 years) and 498 cisgender women (48.1 ± 16.0 years) completed the questionnaire. Women were significantly more likely to endorse prior RAI, as compared to men (34% vs 24%, P < .01). Men were significantly more likely to endorse achieving orgasm from RAI alone, as compared to women (39% vs 19%, P < .05). Gay men and women were more likely to have participated in RAI. The superficial anterior rectum was the most frequently selected region by both men and women as a site of pleasure when touched during RAI.

Clinical implications: The results of this study will highlight preferred zones of erogeneity in the rectum, which could be impacted by surgeries or pathology in these areas.

Strengths and limitations: This study captured a comprehensive assessment of erogenous sensation within the rectum among a large sample. Limitations include the use of a online subjects for data collection, which can result in both response and selection bias.

Conclusion: Our findings show that RAI is practiced by many adults across ages, gender, and sexual orientation identities. Both men and women report pleasure from various areas within the rectum, primarily the superficial regions of the rectum. These findings may prove helpful in elucidating practices of RAI. Additionally, understanding erogeneity in the rectum may allow providers to better predict changes due to pathology and treatments of or surrounding these areas.

Introduction: The necessity for continuous, digitally accessible education in sexology-viewed from an international perspective and adhering to the highest quality standards-has driven the development of the work presented here.

Objectives: The objective of this paper is to enhance understanding of theory-based continuous education in sexology by informing readers about relevant theoretical perspectives and their applications.

Methods: First, we outline 2 foundational models in continuous education to provide context for how they shape adult learning practices. Second, building on these models, we introduce a novel conceptual framework for continuous education in sexology. Third, to exemplify the application of our conceptual framework, we present a roadmap for implementation, along with insights gained from the development of a continuous education platform.

Results: Two of the most prominent models of continuous education are the andragogy and transformative learning models. The key point of the andragogy model is to tailor educational practices to the needs of adult learners, recognizing their existing knowledge and life experiences, promoting self-directed learning, and fostering a collaborative environment that encourages critical thinking and practical application of concepts. The key point of the transformative learning model is to facilitate personal and social change by encouraging learners to critically reflect on their experiences and challenge assumptions. Building upon these 2 models, a new model emerged, namely the International Online Sexology Supervisors (IOSS) conceptual framework for continuous education in sexology. This model posits that continuous education is more effective when driven by intrinsic motivation, and such learning will thrive in environments that promote (1) transformative learning, (2) autonomous learning, and (3) learning embedded in the workflow. In alignment with the IOSS conceptual framework, the IOSS learning platform has been developed, and its implementation roadmap is presented here. This roadmap outlines 10 key components and strategies for content design, instructor recruitment, pricing, marketing, accreditation, evaluation, and technology usability, all working together to create a continuous education learning environment for sexologists.

Conclusion: Learning environments that incorporate the key features of the IOSS conceptual framework are possible. An example of an educational approach that integrates these elements into a cohesive strategy is presented. E-learning can play a significant role in the continuous education of sexual health professionals. We hope that the IOSS model and its applications will spark discussions and encourage relevant initiatives within the field.

Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common reproductive disorders that negatively affect women's sexual and psychological health.

Aim: This study aims to compare sexual function and psychological well-being in women with POI, PCOS, and healthy controls.

Methods: A total of 340 women were recruited: 68 with POI, 104 with PCOS, and 168 healthy controls. Participants completed standardized questionnaires assessing sexual function (Female Sexual Function Index, FSFI), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7]), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze the data.

Outcomes: The primary outcomes included sexual function, assessed via FSFI total and domain scores (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain), and psychological well-being, evaluated through GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores.

Results: Women with POI and PCOS exhibited significantly lower FSFI total scores compared to controls (POI: 26.00 ± 3.50, PCOS: 26.13 ± 4.50, controls: 27.37 ± 3.24; P < 0.01). Women with POI had significantly lower scores in the arousal (3.83 ± 0.87) and satisfaction (4.44 ± 0.84) domains, while those with PCOS had significantly lower lubrication (4.92 ± 0.97) and arousal (3.92 ± 1.01) scores compared to controls (all P < 0.05). The prevalence of anxiety and depression were significantly higher in the POI and PCOS groups than in controls (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that POI was independently associated with a higher risk of coital pain (OR: 3.14, 95% CI: 1.19-8.26, P < 0.05) and lubrication disorder (OR: 4.93, 95% CI: 1.88-12.92, P < 0.05). Additionally, PCOS was independently linked to a significantly increased risk of lubrication disorder (OR: 8.57, 95% CI: 1.95-37.57, P < 0.05). Psychological factors, particularly anxiety and depression, were significant contributors to sexual dysfunction (all P < 0.05).

Clinical implications: Women with POI and PCOS require a comprehensive approach to care, addressing both sexual and psychological health to improve clinical outcomes.

Strengths and limitations: Strengths include a relatively large sample size and a comprehensive assessment of sexual and psychological health. Limitations include the case-control design and lack of long-term follow-up.

Conclusion: POI and PCOS are significantly associated with sexual dysfunction and psychological distress, underscoring the need for integrated healthcare strategies to improve overall well-being.

Background: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) has an impact on the lives of many women, and it is inadequately investigated by medical professionals in women living with HIV (WLWH).

Aim: In the present study, the aim was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of sexual dysfunction (SD) in a cohort of WLWH using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire.

Methods: This monocentric cross-sectional study was conducted at the ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Italy, between April 2023 and August 2023. To assess SD, the FSFI questionnaire was administered in accordance with current European AIDS Clinical Society guidelines to all consecutive cisgender adult WLWH who presented to our unit of Infectious Diseases. We used FSFI < 26.55 to identify participants at risk of SD. Participants were divided into two groups based on the pathological cut-off of FSFI score.

Outcome: Comparison of demographic characteristics, menopausal status, and comorbidities among the two different groups of WLWH.

Results: The questionnaire was offered to 371 women and 179 (48.2%) completed it. Of the 192 (51,8%) excluded, there were 129 women who declined to participate and 63 who were unable to do so due to a language barrier. Two-thirds (117/179) of individuals declared sexual intercourse in the previous month and were considered. Among those who completed the questionnaire, 36% scored below the FSFI total cut-off, indicating increased risk of SD. The most frequently impaired domains were desire (56.4%) and lubrication (52.1%). The correlation between age and total FSFI score was significant (P = .008), as well as menopausal women obtained lower FSFI scores (P = .0004).

Clinical implications: Age and menopausal status are substantial factors influencing sexual functionality.

Strengths and limitations: This study is limited by its reliance on self-reported data and a sample size that may be insufficient for detecting subtle effects. However, it leverages the well-validated FSFI tool and benefits from trusted questionnaire administration by HIV healthcare providers.

Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction in menopausal WLWH has a high prevalence (36%). Interestingly, around 67% of women declined to investigate and deal with sexual issues.

Background: Sexuality is a complex aspect of human life, and the perception of sexual normality may vary across genders, religious beliefs, and other aspects.

Aim: To report preliminary findings of a pilot survey on sexual attitudes, behaviors, and individual perception of sexual normality in a contemporary cross-cultural scenario.

Methods: A 48-item survey was developed by the Young Researchers Committee (YRC) on behalf of the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) to collect data on cross-cultural perceptions and attitudes toward sexual norms. The survey consisted of questions related to sexual attraction, behavior, identity, orientation, and subjective perception of sexual normality. Data were collected via five translated versions across five countries (Italy, United States, Brazil, Spain, and Japan) and analyzed to investigate how cultural norms, personal experiences, and social expectations shape individuals' views on sexual normality.

Outcomes: The primary outcome was to assess gender-based differences in sexual behaviors, satisfaction, religious beliefs' impact, pornography use, and anatomical perceptions.

Results: This pilot study included 3423 respondents [63.5% female, 36.2% male; median (IQR) age 39 (30.00, 50.00) years]. Of all, active sexual life was reported by 83.3% participants, with 58.8% expressing satisfaction with their sex life. Heterosexual orientation was predominant (90%), with significant differences in distribution between genders in terms of sexual orientation (P < .001). Religious influence on sexual activity was reported by 18.6% of respondents, more commonly among females (20.2% vs 15.8%, P < .001). Median ages of first sexual intercourse and pornography exposure were 18 (16.00, 19.00) and 14 (12.00, 16.00) years, respectively, with females reporting older ages for both experiences (P < .001). Regarding perceptions of normality, most respondents (55.6%) believed first sexual intercourse typically occurs between 16 and 19 years. The perception of normal erect penile length differed between genders, with men more likely to report greater values (>16.1 cm: 13.1% vs 6.2%, P < .01). Gender differences were also observed in orgasm frequency, with fewer females reporting orgasm during >80% of sexual encounters (38.2% vs 66.5%, P < .001).

Clinical implications: Our findings shape the development of sexual education, fostering inclusivity, equity, and sexual health for overall satisfaction.

Strengths and limitations: Possible biases associated with different modalities throughout data collections and with different linguistic and cultural weights given the cross-sectional nature of the pilot survey.

Conclusion: Current preliminary findings from the pilot survey developed by the ISSM YRC start shedding l

Background: A high proportion of men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) present with comorbid erectile dysfunction (ED), but evidence-based therapeutic interventions specifically targeting this patient population remain understudied in clinical trials.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of Ningmitai capsule (NMT), an oral traditional Chinese herbal formulation, combined with sildenafil versus monotherapy in alleviating symptoms among a cohort of participants with CP/CPPS and ED.

Methods: A multi-center, randomized clinical trial was conducted from March 2019 to December 2022 at six tertiary hospitals in China. A total of 214 participants diagnosed with CP/CPPS and ED were randomized 1:2:2 to receive orally sildenafil (25 mg, q.n.), NMT (0.38 g × 4 capsules, t.i.d.), or a combination of both for 4 weeks. Validated Chinese version of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) and the Erection Hardness Score (EHS) questionnaires were administered at baseline, week 2, and week 4.

Outcomes: The primary endpoint was the reduction in NIH-CPSI pain domain scores from baseline to week 4.

Results: All treatment groups exhibited statistically significant decreases in NIH-CPSI total, pain, urinary and quality of life (QoL) domain scores within 2 weeks, with improvements sustained until the end of the treatment. The combination group demonstrated superior pain score reductions versus sildenafil monotherapy at both timepoints (week 2: mean difference [MD] -2.82 ± 3.27 vs. -1.26 ± 3.45, P = 0.043; week 4, MD -3.57 ± 3.50 vs. -1.07 ± 2.94, P = 0.009). Notably, combination therapy achieved greater IIEF-5 score enhancements compared to NMT alone (P < 0.05) and higher responder rates than either sildenafil or NMT monotherapy (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found among the three arms concerning EHS. No adverse events were reported.

Clinical implications: NMT-sildenafil combination therapy may serve as a viable alternative to α-blocker-based regimens for CP/CPPS-ED patients, potentially circumventing the orthostatic hypotension risk associated with the concurrent use of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) and α-blockers.

Strengths and limitations: Strengths include a prospective randomized design, which is well controlled. Limitations encompass the absence of placebo control and long-term follow-up.

Conclusion: NMT-sildenafil combination therapy demonstrates significantly greater benefits of ameliorating pain symptoms and improving erectile function in men with CP/CPPS and ED compared to either monotherapy, with favorable tolerability profiles.

Registration: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the in