Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2023-12-28DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04551-w
O 'Neill C P, Gerety E L, Grainger A J
Ultrasound imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of injuries in professional soccer players. With the rapid increase in the availability of hand-held portable ultrasound devices and the pressure to make timely and accurate diagnosis in professional soccer where return to play time is crucial, ultrasound imaging is an essential diagnostic tool. In this article, we discuss examples of injuries that can be adequately assessed by ultrasound imaging alone and injuries where ultrasound imaging provides a useful first step to guide further investigation and management.
{"title":"Ultrasound imaging in professional soccer: when is it adequate?","authors":"O 'Neill C P, Gerety E L, Grainger A J","doi":"10.1007/s00256-023-04551-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-023-04551-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasound imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of injuries in professional soccer players. With the rapid increase in the availability of hand-held portable ultrasound devices and the pressure to make timely and accurate diagnosis in professional soccer where return to play time is crucial, ultrasound imaging is an essential diagnostic tool. In this article, we discuss examples of injuries that can be adequately assessed by ultrasound imaging alone and injuries where ultrasound imaging provides a useful first step to guide further investigation and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"669-681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1007/s00256-024-04629-z
Fernanda Babler, Kara Gaetke-Udager, Eileen A Crawford, Corrie M Yablon
Soccer participation is increasing among female adolescents with a concomitant rise of injuries in this group. Age- and sex-related factors, such as the transition from skeletal immaturity to skeletal maturity as well as anatomic, physiologic, neuromuscular, and behavioral differences between females and males, all play a role in injury patterns for these athletes. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in this group have received a great deal of attention in the medical literature and the media in recent years with increasing knowledge about causative factors, surgical management, and injury prevention. There have been fewer studies specifically focused on female adolescent soccer players in relation to other types of injuries, such as patellar dislocation/instability; other knee and ankle ligament tears; hip labral tears; muscle strains and tears; and overuse injuries such as apophysitis, patellofemoral pain syndrome, and bone stress injuries. Because imaging plays a critical role in diagnosis of soccer-related injuries in female adolescents, knowledge of the mechanisms of injury, imaging findings, and clinical considerations are essential for radiologists involved in the care of these patients.
{"title":"Imaging of soccer injuries in adolescent female athletes.","authors":"Fernanda Babler, Kara Gaetke-Udager, Eileen A Crawford, Corrie M Yablon","doi":"10.1007/s00256-024-04629-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-024-04629-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soccer participation is increasing among female adolescents with a concomitant rise of injuries in this group. Age- and sex-related factors, such as the transition from skeletal immaturity to skeletal maturity as well as anatomic, physiologic, neuromuscular, and behavioral differences between females and males, all play a role in injury patterns for these athletes. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in this group have received a great deal of attention in the medical literature and the media in recent years with increasing knowledge about causative factors, surgical management, and injury prevention. There have been fewer studies specifically focused on female adolescent soccer players in relation to other types of injuries, such as patellar dislocation/instability; other knee and ankle ligament tears; hip labral tears; muscle strains and tears; and overuse injuries such as apophysitis, patellofemoral pain syndrome, and bone stress injuries. Because imaging plays a critical role in diagnosis of soccer-related injuries in female adolescents, knowledge of the mechanisms of injury, imaging findings, and clinical considerations are essential for radiologists involved in the care of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"743-762"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140120576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2023-12-29DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04547-6
Tetyana Gorbachova, Sherif S Saad, Ricard Pruna, Yulia V Melenevsky
Understanding the traumatic mechanisms of ankle injuries in soccer is crucial for an accurate and complete MRI diagnosis. Many ankle injuries share universal mechanisms seen in other athletic activities, but certain patterns are found to be more specific and relatively unique to soccer. Ankle impingement syndromes encountered in soccer encompass a spectrum of disorders that include anterior and posterior impingement categories, with anterior impingement representing pathology relatively specific to soccer. Lateral ligamentous sprains are one of the most common injuries; however, there is a higher rate of injuries to the medial structures in soccer as compared to other sports. Ankle fractures are uncommon in soccer while bone contusions and chondral and osteochondral injuries frequently accompany ligamentous sprains. Tendon abnormalities in soccer most commonly result from overuse injuries and typically affect peroneal tendons, posterior and anterior tibialis tendons, and Achilles tendon. Acute Achilles tendon ruptures occur in both recreational players and elite soccer athletes. Tibialis anterior friction syndrome may mimic tibial stress fractures. Long-term sequelae of acute traumatic and chronic overuse ankle injuries in professional soccer players manifest as ankle osteoarthritis that is more prevalent compared to not only the general population, but also to former elite athletes from other sports. This article examines the most common and specific injuries in soccer in order of their frequency.
{"title":"Patterns of ankle injury in soccer: MRI clues to traumatic mechanism.","authors":"Tetyana Gorbachova, Sherif S Saad, Ricard Pruna, Yulia V Melenevsky","doi":"10.1007/s00256-023-04547-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-023-04547-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the traumatic mechanisms of ankle injuries in soccer is crucial for an accurate and complete MRI diagnosis. Many ankle injuries share universal mechanisms seen in other athletic activities, but certain patterns are found to be more specific and relatively unique to soccer. Ankle impingement syndromes encountered in soccer encompass a spectrum of disorders that include anterior and posterior impingement categories, with anterior impingement representing pathology relatively specific to soccer. Lateral ligamentous sprains are one of the most common injuries; however, there is a higher rate of injuries to the medial structures in soccer as compared to other sports. Ankle fractures are uncommon in soccer while bone contusions and chondral and osteochondral injuries frequently accompany ligamentous sprains. Tendon abnormalities in soccer most commonly result from overuse injuries and typically affect peroneal tendons, posterior and anterior tibialis tendons, and Achilles tendon. Acute Achilles tendon ruptures occur in both recreational players and elite soccer athletes. Tibialis anterior friction syndrome may mimic tibial stress fractures. Long-term sequelae of acute traumatic and chronic overuse ankle injuries in professional soccer players manifest as ankle osteoarthritis that is more prevalent compared to not only the general population, but also to former elite athletes from other sports. This article examines the most common and specific injuries in soccer in order of their frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"683-693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1007/s00256-024-04747-8
Fidelius von Rehlingen-Prinz, Karthik R Krishnan, Sebastian Rilk, Fabian Tomanek, Gabriel C Goodhart, Victor Beckers, Robert O'Brien, Gregory S DiFelice, Douglas N Mintz
Purpose: Despite established tear grade classifications, there is currently no radiological classification for sMCL tear locations. This study aims to establish a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tear location classification system for sMCL tears, to enhance understanding and guide treatment decisions by categorizing tear types.
Methods: A retrospective search in a single institution's MRI database identified patients with acute, Grade III sMCL tears (< 30 days between injury and MRI) from January to December 2022. Non-acute and partial tears were excluded, and three observers assessed tear types based on the proposed sMCL MRI tear location system: type I (proximal 25%), Ib (proximal femoral bony avulsion), II (midsubstance, 25-75%), III (distal 25%), IIIb (distal tibial bony avulsion), IIIs (Stener-like lesion). The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess interrater and intrarater reliability for continuous data; Fleiss and Cohen's kappa assessed interrater and intrarater reliability for categorical data.
Results: MRI scans of thirty patients with diagnosed sMCL injuries (53% female, mean age 37 ± 13 years, range 16-68 years) were included based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Interrater reliability was excellent (ICC: 0.968, 95% CI, 0.933-0.985), and intrarater reliability was excellent (ICC: 0.938, 95% CI: 0.874-0.970 & 0.900, 95% CI, 0.789-0.952). Type I injuries were most common (60%), followed by type III (33.3%), type II (3.3%), type Ib (3.3%), type IIIb (0.0%), and type IIIs (0.0%).
Conclusion: The presented MRI-based sMCL tear location classification provides a reproducible system for grading high-grade sMCL injuries. We propose that this framework will significantly unify tear location understanding and support more informed treatment decisions.
{"title":"Location of medial collateral ligament tears: introduction to a magnetic resonance imaging-based classification.","authors":"Fidelius von Rehlingen-Prinz, Karthik R Krishnan, Sebastian Rilk, Fabian Tomanek, Gabriel C Goodhart, Victor Beckers, Robert O'Brien, Gregory S DiFelice, Douglas N Mintz","doi":"10.1007/s00256-024-04747-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-024-04747-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite established tear grade classifications, there is currently no radiological classification for sMCL tear locations. This study aims to establish a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tear location classification system for sMCL tears, to enhance understanding and guide treatment decisions by categorizing tear types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective search in a single institution's MRI database identified patients with acute, Grade III sMCL tears (< 30 days between injury and MRI) from January to December 2022. Non-acute and partial tears were excluded, and three observers assessed tear types based on the proposed sMCL MRI tear location system: type I (proximal 25%), Ib (proximal femoral bony avulsion), II (midsubstance, 25-75%), III (distal 25%), IIIb (distal tibial bony avulsion), IIIs (Stener-like lesion). The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess interrater and intrarater reliability for continuous data; Fleiss and Cohen's kappa assessed interrater and intrarater reliability for categorical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MRI scans of thirty patients with diagnosed sMCL injuries (53% female, mean age 37 ± 13 years, range 16-68 years) were included based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Interrater reliability was excellent (ICC: 0.968, 95% CI, 0.933-0.985), and intrarater reliability was excellent (ICC: 0.938, 95% CI: 0.874-0.970 & 0.900, 95% CI, 0.789-0.952). Type I injuries were most common (60%), followed by type III (33.3%), type II (3.3%), type Ib (3.3%), type IIIb (0.0%), and type IIIs (0.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presented MRI-based sMCL tear location classification provides a reproducible system for grading high-grade sMCL injuries. We propose that this framework will significantly unify tear location understanding and support more informed treatment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"851-860"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2023-12-28DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04543-w
Vandan Patel, Jude Barakat, Lewis Fanney, Liya Gendler, Naomi J Brown, Theodore J Ganley, Jie C Nguyen
Objective: To systematically investigate the prevalence of knee MRI findings among symptomatic pediatric soccer players with respect to skeletal maturity and to identify predictors of surgery.
Methods: This IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant retrospective study included soccer players (< 18 years of age) who underwent MRI examinations in the past 5 years (2018-2023). Two radiologists retrospectively and independently reviewed all examinations to categorize skeletal maturity and to identify osseous and soft tissue findings. Findings were compared between maturation groups, and logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of surgery.
Results: Ninety-seven players (45 boys, 52 girls) included 39 skeletally immature, 21 maturing, and 37 mature knees. Kappa coefficient for interobserver reliability ranged between 0.65 and 1.00. Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) was more common among immature than maturing and mature knees (25% vs 14% and 5%, p = 0.04); anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury was more common among maturing and mature than immature knees (59% and 48%, vs 15%, p < 0.01); and meniscal tears were more common among mature than immature and maturing knees (medial, 41% vs 18% and 14%, p = 0.03; lateral, 43% vs 21% and 19%, p = 0.04). Players in the mature group were more likely to undergo surgery (p = 0.01). The presence of an effusion (OR = 19.5, 95% CI 2.8-240.9, p = 0.01), ACL injury (OR = 170.0, 95% CI 1.3-6996.9, p < 0.01), and lateral meniscal tears (OR = 10.8, 95% CI 1.8-106.1, p = 0.02) were independent predictors of surgery.
Conclusion: Differential patterns of injury were found among symptomatic pediatric soccer players; the presence of an effusion, ACL injury, and lateral meniscal tears were independent predictors of surgery, likely contributing to the higher rates of surgery among skeletally mature players.
目的系统研究有症状的儿童足球运动员膝关节 MRI 检查结果的发生率与骨骼成熟度的关系,并确定手术的预测因素:这项经 IRB 批准、符合 HIPAA 标准的回顾性研究纳入了足球运动员(结果:97 名球员(45 名男孩,1 名男孩,1 名男孩):97名球员(45名男孩,52名女孩)包括39个骨骼不成熟的膝关节、21个成熟的膝关节和37个成熟的膝关节。观察者间可靠性的卡帕系数介于 0.65 和 1.00 之间。未发育成熟的膝关节比发育成熟的膝关节更常见奥斯古德-斯克拉特病(OSD)(25% vs 14% 和 5%,P = 0.04);发育成熟的膝关节比未发育成熟的膝关节更常见前交叉韧带损伤(59% 和 48% vs 15%,P < 0.01);半月板撕裂比未发育成熟的膝关节更常见。01);半月板撕裂在成熟膝关节中比未成熟膝关节和成熟膝关节中更常见(内侧,41% vs 18% 和 14%,p = 0.03;外侧,43% vs 21% 和 19%,p = 0.04)。成熟组的球员更有可能接受手术治疗(P = 0.01)。积液(OR = 19.5,95% CI 2.8-240.9,p = 0.01)、前交叉韧带损伤(OR = 170.0,95% CI 1.3-6996.9,p < 0.01)和外侧半月板撕裂(OR = 10.8,95% CI 1.8-106.1,p = 0.02)是手术的独立预测因素:结论:在有症状的儿童足球运动员中发现了不同的损伤模式;存在积液、前交叉韧带损伤和外侧半月板撕裂是手术的独立预测因素,这可能是骨骼发育成熟的球员手术率较高的原因。
{"title":"Maturation-dependent patterns of knee injuries among symptomatic pediatric soccer players on MRI.","authors":"Vandan Patel, Jude Barakat, Lewis Fanney, Liya Gendler, Naomi J Brown, Theodore J Ganley, Jie C Nguyen","doi":"10.1007/s00256-023-04543-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-023-04543-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically investigate the prevalence of knee MRI findings among symptomatic pediatric soccer players with respect to skeletal maturity and to identify predictors of surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant retrospective study included soccer players (< 18 years of age) who underwent MRI examinations in the past 5 years (2018-2023). Two radiologists retrospectively and independently reviewed all examinations to categorize skeletal maturity and to identify osseous and soft tissue findings. Findings were compared between maturation groups, and logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-seven players (45 boys, 52 girls) included 39 skeletally immature, 21 maturing, and 37 mature knees. Kappa coefficient for interobserver reliability ranged between 0.65 and 1.00. Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) was more common among immature than maturing and mature knees (25% vs 14% and 5%, p = 0.04); anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury was more common among maturing and mature than immature knees (59% and 48%, vs 15%, p < 0.01); and meniscal tears were more common among mature than immature and maturing knees (medial, 41% vs 18% and 14%, p = 0.03; lateral, 43% vs 21% and 19%, p = 0.04). Players in the mature group were more likely to undergo surgery (p = 0.01). The presence of an effusion (OR = 19.5, 95% CI 2.8-240.9, p = 0.01), ACL injury (OR = 170.0, 95% CI 1.3-6996.9, p < 0.01), and lateral meniscal tears (OR = 10.8, 95% CI 1.8-106.1, p = 0.02) were independent predictors of surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differential patterns of injury were found among symptomatic pediatric soccer players; the presence of an effusion, ACL injury, and lateral meniscal tears were independent predictors of surgery, likely contributing to the higher rates of surgery among skeletally mature players.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"829-840"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04486-2
Marcelo Bordalo, Toni Evans, Salwa Allenjawi, Stephen Targett, Peter Dzendrowskyj, Abdulaziz Jaham Al-Kuwari, Marco Cardinale, Pieter D'Hooghe
Diagnostic imaging is the predominant medical service sought for the assessment and staging of musculoskeletal injuries in professional sports events. During the 2022 FIFA Football (soccer) World Cup, a centralized medical care infrastructure was established. This article provides a comprehensive account of the radiological services implemented during this event, encompassing the deployment of equipment and human resources, the structuring of workflows to uphold athlete confidentiality, and initiatives aimed at enhancing communication. Communication channels were refined through radiology consultations held with national teams' health care providers and the adoption of audiovisual reports available in multiple languages, which could be accessed remotely by team physicians. Our established framework can be replicated in international professional football events for seamless integration and efficacy.
{"title":"Management of radiology services during the 2022 FIFA football (soccer) World Cup.","authors":"Marcelo Bordalo, Toni Evans, Salwa Allenjawi, Stephen Targett, Peter Dzendrowskyj, Abdulaziz Jaham Al-Kuwari, Marco Cardinale, Pieter D'Hooghe","doi":"10.1007/s00256-023-04486-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-023-04486-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnostic imaging is the predominant medical service sought for the assessment and staging of musculoskeletal injuries in professional sports events. During the 2022 FIFA Football (soccer) World Cup, a centralized medical care infrastructure was established. This article provides a comprehensive account of the radiological services implemented during this event, encompassing the deployment of equipment and human resources, the structuring of workflows to uphold athlete confidentiality, and initiatives aimed at enhancing communication. Communication channels were refined through radiology consultations held with national teams' health care providers and the adoption of audiovisual reports available in multiple languages, which could be accessed remotely by team physicians. Our established framework can be replicated in international professional football events for seamless integration and efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"647-653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1007/s00256-024-04699-z
Julia Calatayud Moscoso Del Prado, María Ángeles Fernández-Gil, Ángel Bueno Horcajadas, Ara Kassarjian
Groin pain is extremely common in soccer players, especially male soccer players, with nearly a third experiencing groin pain over the course of their careers. Despite its high prevalence, there continues to be some confusion and controversy regarding the detailed anatomy and recommended terminology related to groin pain in athletes. This article will review the anatomy, clinical presentation, biomechanics, pathology and imaging findings most commonly associated with groin pain in soccer players.
{"title":"Groin pain in soccer players: anatomy, clinical presentation, biomechanics, pathology and imaging findings.","authors":"Julia Calatayud Moscoso Del Prado, María Ángeles Fernández-Gil, Ángel Bueno Horcajadas, Ara Kassarjian","doi":"10.1007/s00256-024-04699-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-024-04699-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Groin pain is extremely common in soccer players, especially male soccer players, with nearly a third experiencing groin pain over the course of their careers. Despite its high prevalence, there continues to be some confusion and controversy regarding the detailed anatomy and recommended terminology related to groin pain in athletes. This article will review the anatomy, clinical presentation, biomechanics, pathology and imaging findings most commonly associated with groin pain in soccer players.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"763-778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1007/s00256-024-04781-6
Jatinder Pal Singh, Sahil Loomba, Bishika Pun, Somesh Virmani
The accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) is an anatomical variation that broadens the apex of the lateral talar process. Studies have associated it with other tarsal coalitions as a cause of rigid painful flatfoot. However, a coalition of an AALTF has never been described before. With the advent of MRI, there has been an increase in the detection of these accessory facets. Nevertheless, owing to its small size and unfamiliarity, it is not easily identified. Proper assessment of imaging findings and associated conditions is needed to confirm the diagnosis. Imaging findings in a series of four patients with painful rigid flatfoot revealed the presence of an AALTF with adjacent marrow edema and reduced joint space. This was associated with hindfoot valgus and subfibular impingement. Radiographic suspicion of a non-osseous coalition of AALTF was raised, which was confirmed intraoperatively in one of the patients and demonstrated on CT and MR images in the other patients. This case series presents rare cases of non-osseous coalition of AALTF with a new radiographic sign, the 'reverse tip of the iceberg sign'.
{"title":"Non-osseous coalition of accessory anterolateral talar facet-A case series.","authors":"Jatinder Pal Singh, Sahil Loomba, Bishika Pun, Somesh Virmani","doi":"10.1007/s00256-024-04781-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-024-04781-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) is an anatomical variation that broadens the apex of the lateral talar process. Studies have associated it with other tarsal coalitions as a cause of rigid painful flatfoot. However, a coalition of an AALTF has never been described before. With the advent of MRI, there has been an increase in the detection of these accessory facets. Nevertheless, owing to its small size and unfamiliarity, it is not easily identified. Proper assessment of imaging findings and associated conditions is needed to confirm the diagnosis. Imaging findings in a series of four patients with painful rigid flatfoot revealed the presence of an AALTF with adjacent marrow edema and reduced joint space. This was associated with hindfoot valgus and subfibular impingement. Radiographic suspicion of a non-osseous coalition of AALTF was raised, which was confirmed intraoperatively in one of the patients and demonstrated on CT and MR images in the other patients. This case series presents rare cases of non-osseous coalition of AALTF with a new radiographic sign, the 'reverse tip of the iceberg sign'.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"893-898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1007/s00256-024-04749-6
Jie C Nguyen, Vandan Patel, Liya Gendler, Donna G Blankenbaker, Kevin G Shea, Eric J Wall, James L Carey, Carl W Nissen, Diego Jaramillo, Theodore J Ganley
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) describes a pathologic condition centered at the osteochondral junction that may result in an unstable subchondral fragment (progeny), disruption of the overlying cartilage, which may separate from the underlying parent bone. It is one of the causes of chronic knee pain in children and young adults. The current literature on OCD lesions focuses primarily on the medial femoral condyle (MFC), but inconsistent use of terminology, particularly in the distinction of OCD lesions between skeletally immature and mature patients has created uncertainty regarding imaging workup, treatment, and long-term prognosis. This article reviews the pathophysiology of MFC OCD lesions, highlighting the role of endochondral ossification at the secondary growth plate of the immature femoral condyles, the rationale behind the imaging work-up, and key imaging findings that can distinguish between stable lesions, unstable lesions, and physiologic variants. This overview also provides a case-based review to introduce imaging correlates with the ROCK (Research in Osteochondritis of the Knee) arthroscopic classification.
{"title":"Medial femoral condyle OCD (osteochondritis dissecans): correlation between imaging and arthroscopy.","authors":"Jie C Nguyen, Vandan Patel, Liya Gendler, Donna G Blankenbaker, Kevin G Shea, Eric J Wall, James L Carey, Carl W Nissen, Diego Jaramillo, Theodore J Ganley","doi":"10.1007/s00256-024-04749-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-024-04749-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) describes a pathologic condition centered at the osteochondral junction that may result in an unstable subchondral fragment (progeny), disruption of the overlying cartilage, which may separate from the underlying parent bone. It is one of the causes of chronic knee pain in children and young adults. The current literature on OCD lesions focuses primarily on the medial femoral condyle (MFC), but inconsistent use of terminology, particularly in the distinction of OCD lesions between skeletally immature and mature patients has created uncertainty regarding imaging workup, treatment, and long-term prognosis. This article reviews the pathophysiology of MFC OCD lesions, highlighting the role of endochondral ossification at the secondary growth plate of the immature femoral condyles, the rationale behind the imaging work-up, and key imaging findings that can distinguish between stable lesions, unstable lesions, and physiologic variants. This overview also provides a case-based review to introduce imaging correlates with the ROCK (Research in Osteochondritis of the Knee) arthroscopic classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"789-806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04541-y
Jie C Nguyen, Dennis Caine
Youth soccer (football) is immensely popular internationally. Earlier participation, sport sub-specialization, and year-around practice have led to an increased incidence of injury from both acute trauma and repetitive overuse. The growth plates (physes) of the immature skeleton are particularly vulnerable to injury and delayed diagnosis can lead to future growth disturbance and long-term morbidity. Familiarity with the various components of the growth plate complex necessary for ensuring normal endochondral ossification is fundamental in understanding the various patterns of imaging findings following injury. This review discusses the zonal columnar arrangement of the growth plate proper and the contrasting function of the vasculature within the subjacent epiphysis and metaphysis. This is followed by an evidence-based discussion of the common patterns of injury involving the epiphyseal primary growth plate observed among youth soccer players: subcategorized into physeal fractures (direct injury) and physeal stress injuries (indirect insult to subjacent metaphysis). In this section, the role of imaging and characteristic imaging features will be discussed. While the normal physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms can be applied to other growth plates, such as primary growth plates underlying the apophyses and secondary growth plates surrounding the secondary ossificiation centers, which also undergo endochondral ossification, the current review is focused on injuries involving the primary growth plates underlying epiphyses.
{"title":"Youth soccer players: patterns of injury involving the primary growth plates of epiphyses.","authors":"Jie C Nguyen, Dennis Caine","doi":"10.1007/s00256-023-04541-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00256-023-04541-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Youth soccer (football) is immensely popular internationally. Earlier participation, sport sub-specialization, and year-around practice have led to an increased incidence of injury from both acute trauma and repetitive overuse. The growth plates (physes) of the immature skeleton are particularly vulnerable to injury and delayed diagnosis can lead to future growth disturbance and long-term morbidity. Familiarity with the various components of the growth plate complex necessary for ensuring normal endochondral ossification is fundamental in understanding the various patterns of imaging findings following injury. This review discusses the zonal columnar arrangement of the growth plate proper and the contrasting function of the vasculature within the subjacent epiphysis and metaphysis. This is followed by an evidence-based discussion of the common patterns of injury involving the epiphyseal primary growth plate observed among youth soccer players: subcategorized into physeal fractures (direct injury) and physeal stress injuries (indirect insult to subjacent metaphysis). In this section, the role of imaging and characteristic imaging features will be discussed. While the normal physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms can be applied to other growth plates, such as primary growth plates underlying the apophyses and secondary growth plates surrounding the secondary ossificiation centers, which also undergo endochondral ossification, the current review is focused on injuries involving the primary growth plates underlying epiphyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":21783,"journal":{"name":"Skeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"695-714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139088271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}