Abstract:This paper analyzes the complex personal relationship between Albert Einstein and his protégé Juda Leman (1899–1975). Leman was one of Einstein's private Ostjude students in Berlin and became a leading popularizer of physics for Jews in the 1920s, in part through the composition of physics books in Yiddish. However, while Einstein strongly encouraged Leman to pursue a career in teaching physics, Leman instead chose to attempt a career as a Hollywood screenwriter. This decision led to a deterioration of the Einstein-Leman relationship and presented Einstein with what he called "the case of Juda Leman." The current paper aims to dissect this "case" by examining the sociological forces that shaped Leman's life trajectory. While Leman did not become the physicist that Einstein hoped for, this paper asserts that Leman's life mirrored the changing circumstances of many Jews and writers over the course of the twentieth century.
{"title":"Albert Einstein and \"The Case of Juda Leman\": From Yiddish Physics to Hollywood","authors":"Jordan A Chad","doi":"10.1353/sho.2022.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2022.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper analyzes the complex personal relationship between Albert Einstein and his protégé Juda Leman (1899–1975). Leman was one of Einstein's private Ostjude students in Berlin and became a leading popularizer of physics for Jews in the 1920s, in part through the composition of physics books in Yiddish. However, while Einstein strongly encouraged Leman to pursue a career in teaching physics, Leman instead chose to attempt a career as a Hollywood screenwriter. This decision led to a deterioration of the Einstein-Leman relationship and presented Einstein with what he called \"the case of Juda Leman.\" The current paper aims to dissect this \"case\" by examining the sociological forces that shaped Leman's life trajectory. While Leman did not become the physicist that Einstein hoped for, this paper asserts that Leman's life mirrored the changing circumstances of many Jews and writers over the course of the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"63 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47199544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How to Measure a World? A Philosophy of Judaism by Martin Shuster (review)","authors":"J. Bernstein","doi":"10.1353/sho.2022.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2022.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"149 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66690721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response by Jacques Sémelin, February 2022","authors":"Jacques Sémelin","doi":"10.1353/sho.2022.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2022.0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"160 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43391263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"All the Horrors of War: A Jewish Girl, a British Doctor, and the Liberation of Bergen-Belsen by Bernice Lerner (review)","authors":"Zev Garber","doi":"10.1353/sho.2022.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2022.0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"155 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41356970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article examines the Breslover Hasidim who attempted their annual pilgrimage to Uman during the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the Ukrainian border closure in August 2020, which was supported by the State of Israel, thousands of Breslovers were stranded in airports, land borders, and even imprisoned in the weeks leading up to the Jewish New Year. This research contributes to an emerging scholarly literature on religion and COVID-19, challenging the religion and science "conflict thesis," as interviews revealed that the choice of Breslovers to ignore public health directives stemmed less from a disbelief in science than from a conflict between state and religious authority. Pious mobilities emerge, I argue, when secular logics fail to contain and properly modify religious actors. The choice to travel to Uman was made according to a Breslover moral universe as informants turned to the spiritual tools and teachings of Rebbe Nachman to guide their decisions, especially his notion of ratzon [willpower], engaging in a form of pious mobility that attempted to transcend nation-state borders. Pious mobilities not only challenged public health initiatives in 2020, but as I demonstrate in the ethnography, Breslovers' insistence on reaching Uman simultaneously threatened the cooptation of Breslov Hasidim within a Zionist narrative, reigniting a debate over the relocation of Rebbe Nachman's remains to Israel. By ethnographically examining moments of conflict between religious groups and state officials managing the pandemic, we might better inform future public health policies and the messaging aimed at religious populations including ultra-Orthodox Jews.
{"title":"Pious Mobilities: Jewish Pilgrimage to Uman During the Pandemic","authors":"Rachel Z. Feldman","doi":"10.1353/sho.2022.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2022.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines the Breslover Hasidim who attempted their annual pilgrimage to Uman during the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the Ukrainian border closure in August 2020, which was supported by the State of Israel, thousands of Breslovers were stranded in airports, land borders, and even imprisoned in the weeks leading up to the Jewish New Year. This research contributes to an emerging scholarly literature on religion and COVID-19, challenging the religion and science \"conflict thesis,\" as interviews revealed that the choice of Breslovers to ignore public health directives stemmed less from a disbelief in science than from a conflict between state and religious authority. Pious mobilities emerge, I argue, when secular logics fail to contain and properly modify religious actors. The choice to travel to Uman was made according to a Breslover moral universe as informants turned to the spiritual tools and teachings of Rebbe Nachman to guide their decisions, especially his notion of ratzon [willpower], engaging in a form of pious mobility that attempted to transcend nation-state borders. Pious mobilities not only challenged public health initiatives in 2020, but as I demonstrate in the ethnography, Breslovers' insistence on reaching Uman simultaneously threatened the cooptation of Breslov Hasidim within a Zionist narrative, reigniting a debate over the relocation of Rebbe Nachman's remains to Israel. By ethnographically examining moments of conflict between religious groups and state officials managing the pandemic, we might better inform future public health policies and the messaging aimed at religious populations including ultra-Orthodox Jews.","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"107 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42405262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reflecting on \"Tefilat Le'et Hakorona\" (\"A Prayer Under the Corona\")","authors":"S. Epstein","doi":"10.1353/sho.2022.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2022.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"146 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43870658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Well past the first blush of feminine decline— centuries past, in fact—yet looking only sixty-two retired from the night shift and thirsting for comfort, consolation: Lilith considers the possibility of long-term companionship. She yearns to be half of an old couple to live with a man tolerating his habits with an annoyance close to affection trusting that he will endure her with similar warmth. Incessant as the ocean waves
{"title":"Lilith Tries Online Dating","authors":"L. Levin","doi":"10.1353/sho.2021.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2021.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Well past the first blush of feminine decline— centuries past, in fact—yet looking only sixty-two retired from the night shift and thirsting for comfort, consolation: Lilith considers the possibility of long-term companionship. She yearns to be half of an old couple to live with a man tolerating his habits with an annoyance close to affection trusting that he will endure her with similar warmth. Incessant as the ocean waves","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"13 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46696925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:In this article I compare two twenty-first-century films that foreground the subversive agency of Israeli and Palestinian women within the military context of the Middle East conflict. Paradise Now (Abu-Assad, 2005) and For My Father (Zahavi, 2008) convey the subject of powerless women living on the fringes of normative society, whose agency averts the maximal effects of a Palestinian suicide bombing. Coming from seemingly opposing perspectives—Palestinian and Israeli—these films' aesthetics nonetheless converge in both a redefinition of their genre and the place of gender and resistance within it. Not only do they collapse the spectacle of terrorism and humanize their bombers, they also destabilize the masculinity of men who self-sacrifice on the altar of the fatherland. In the process, they shift the expected locus of vulnerability as resistance—from men who implode the vulnerable body to women who risk everything to preserve it. The parallel roles of the Jewess and her Palestinian counterpart in these films implies the provocative idea that feminine intervention in the Middle East is not only admirable or "natural," but necessary, if there is to be any hope of lasting resolution. Viewing the two films in tandem on the backdrop of contemporaneous literature and film, points to the potential for a shared, feminist zeitgeist in the cultural production of the two nations at this crucial juncture in history.
{"title":"The Agency of the Jewess and Her Palestinian Counterpart: Destabilizing Gender and Vulnerability as Resistance in Paradise Now and For My Father","authors":"M. Orr","doi":"10.1353/sho.2021.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2021.0036","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:In this article I compare two twenty-first-century films that foreground the subversive agency of Israeli and Palestinian women within the military context of the Middle East conflict. Paradise Now (Abu-Assad, 2005) and For My Father (Zahavi, 2008) convey the subject of powerless women living on the fringes of normative society, whose agency averts the maximal effects of a Palestinian suicide bombing. Coming from seemingly opposing perspectives—Palestinian and Israeli—these films' aesthetics nonetheless converge in both a redefinition of their genre and the place of gender and resistance within it. Not only do they collapse the spectacle of terrorism and humanize their bombers, they also destabilize the masculinity of men who self-sacrifice on the altar of the fatherland. In the process, they shift the expected locus of vulnerability as resistance—from men who implode the vulnerable body to women who risk everything to preserve it. The parallel roles of the Jewess and her Palestinian counterpart in these films implies the provocative idea that feminine intervention in the Middle East is not only admirable or \"natural,\" but necessary, if there is to be any hope of lasting resolution. Viewing the two films in tandem on the backdrop of contemporaneous literature and film, points to the potential for a shared, feminist zeitgeist in the cultural production of the two nations at this crucial juncture in history.","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"243 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48634774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:This essay argues that Jean Carroll, America's first Jewish female stand-up comedian, constitutes a key figure in the history of Jewish performance because she embodied a new model of Jewish femininity in comedy, transforming the emerging genre of "stand-up comedy" from one that reinscribed and circulated negative stereotypes of Jewish women to one that revised and humanized these stereotypes. As pioneers of modern stand-up comedy like Henny Youngman marked the genre with misogynistic accounts of Jewish women as backward and unsympathetically demanding, Carroll provided an alternate representation that captured a more assimilated, sophisticated, and sympathetic Jewess. Her performances on mainstream stages were coded, drawing on stereotypes of Jewish women circulated by her Jewish male colleagues, but humanizing them using a new style of "confidant comedy" that leveraged the intimacy of her informal, conversational delivery.
{"title":"The Real Mrs. Maisel: Jean Carroll, the First Jewish Female Stand-Up Comedian","authors":"G. Overbeke","doi":"10.1353/sho.2021.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2021.0040","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This essay argues that Jean Carroll, America's first Jewish female stand-up comedian, constitutes a key figure in the history of Jewish performance because she embodied a new model of Jewish femininity in comedy, transforming the emerging genre of \"stand-up comedy\" from one that reinscribed and circulated negative stereotypes of Jewish women to one that revised and humanized these stereotypes. As pioneers of modern stand-up comedy like Henny Youngman marked the genre with misogynistic accounts of Jewish women as backward and unsympathetically demanding, Carroll provided an alternate representation that captured a more assimilated, sophisticated, and sympathetic Jewess. Her performances on mainstream stages were coded, drawing on stereotypes of Jewish women circulated by her Jewish male colleagues, but humanizing them using a new style of \"confidant comedy\" that leveraged the intimacy of her informal, conversational delivery.","PeriodicalId":21809,"journal":{"name":"Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"154 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49622720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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