Abstract Tree height and diameter at breast height of 30 half-sib Larix kaempferi families were analyzed at different ages. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in growth among different families. Phenotypic variation coefficients of the traits tree height and diameter at breast height among families of different ages ranged from 11.04 % to 31.74 % and 19.01 % to 19.83 %, respectively. Average heritability of tree height and diameter at breast height ranged from 0.87 to 0.96 and 0.93 to 0.96, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed among all traits at different ages. By the method of multiple-traits comprehensive, six families (L18, L12, L8, L3, L25 and L20) were selected as being elite using a 20 % selection ratio at 12 years of age. Average values of these elite families were 11.15 % and 16.83 % higher than the total average for height and diameter at breast height, and genetic gains were 10.53 % and 15.79 %, respectively. Forty five elite individual plants were selected using a 5 % selection ratio which were 23.47 % and 24.90 % higher than the overall average for height and diameter at breast height, respectively.
{"title":"Forward, backward selection and variation analysis of growth traits in half-sib Larix kaempferi families","authors":"Xiyang Zhao, Ya-Shu Pan, Xiaona Pei, Fuwei Wang, Chenglu Wang, Lili Shao, Lihu Dong, G. Qu","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tree height and diameter at breast height of 30 half-sib Larix kaempferi families were analyzed at different ages. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in growth among different families. Phenotypic variation coefficients of the traits tree height and diameter at breast height among families of different ages ranged from 11.04 % to 31.74 % and 19.01 % to 19.83 %, respectively. Average heritability of tree height and diameter at breast height ranged from 0.87 to 0.96 and 0.93 to 0.96, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed among all traits at different ages. By the method of multiple-traits comprehensive, six families (L18, L12, L8, L3, L25 and L20) were selected as being elite using a 20 % selection ratio at 12 years of age. Average values of these elite families were 11.15 % and 16.83 % higher than the total average for height and diameter at breast height, and genetic gains were 10.53 % and 15.79 %, respectively. Forty five elite individual plants were selected using a 5 % selection ratio which were 23.47 % and 24.90 % higher than the overall average for height and diameter at breast height, respectively.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84289524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. I. Aguiar, M. Freitas, Y.R. Tavares, E. Tambarussi, B. Zanatto, F. Gandara, J. Paludeto, D. Silva, J. Silva, M. Moraes, E. Longui, M. Zanata, A. Sebbenn
Abstract The Atlantic Forest has very high levels of biodiversity and is considered one of the most important and threatened biomes in the world. Balfourodendron riedelianum is one of the forest’s characteristic tree species that is currently under considered endangered due to timber extraction and forest fragmentation. With the goal of generating information that may contribute to the genetic conservation of B. riedelianum, genetic parameters are estimated for quantitative traits important for silviculture in a provenance and progeny test located in the Experimental Station of Luiz Antônio, São Paulo State, Brazil. The test was established in 1986 and consists of three provenances, from which open-pollinated seeds from 19 seed trees were collected. The following traits were evaluated at 32 years of age: diameter at breast height (DBH), total height (H), stem height (SH), stem straightness (SS), and forking (FOR). The estimates were carried out using the REML/BLUP method. Significant genetic variation among progenies was detected for all traits (except SH) and between provenances for DBH. The coefficient of individual genetic variation (CVgi) ranged from 2.5 to 9.5 %. The mean heritability among progeny ( hf2 $h_f^2$ ) was substantial for DBH (0.44) and FOR (0.36), enabling the selection of families with the highest DBH and lowest FOR for population improvement. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations among traits were also found. We conclude that there is genetic variability in the population that can be exploited in future breeding programs and for the genetic conservation of the species.
{"title":"Genetic control of silvicultural traits in Balfourodendron riedelianum (ENGL.) ENGL.","authors":"B. I. Aguiar, M. Freitas, Y.R. Tavares, E. Tambarussi, B. Zanatto, F. Gandara, J. Paludeto, D. Silva, J. Silva, M. Moraes, E. Longui, M. Zanata, A. Sebbenn","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Atlantic Forest has very high levels of biodiversity and is considered one of the most important and threatened biomes in the world. Balfourodendron riedelianum is one of the forest’s characteristic tree species that is currently under considered endangered due to timber extraction and forest fragmentation. With the goal of generating information that may contribute to the genetic conservation of B. riedelianum, genetic parameters are estimated for quantitative traits important for silviculture in a provenance and progeny test located in the Experimental Station of Luiz Antônio, São Paulo State, Brazil. The test was established in 1986 and consists of three provenances, from which open-pollinated seeds from 19 seed trees were collected. The following traits were evaluated at 32 years of age: diameter at breast height (DBH), total height (H), stem height (SH), stem straightness (SS), and forking (FOR). The estimates were carried out using the REML/BLUP method. Significant genetic variation among progenies was detected for all traits (except SH) and between provenances for DBH. The coefficient of individual genetic variation (CVgi) ranged from 2.5 to 9.5 %. The mean heritability among progeny ( hf2 $h_f^2$ ) was substantial for DBH (0.44) and FOR (0.36), enabling the selection of families with the highest DBH and lowest FOR for population improvement. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations among traits were also found. We conclude that there is genetic variability in the population that can be exploited in future breeding programs and for the genetic conservation of the species.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87898114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We studied the genetic composition of 200 pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) trees at nine nuclear microsatellite gene loci. We sampled nine locations in an area of 1100 km by 400 km in the South-Ural. The question was to analyse the genetic differentiation of the oaks at the south-east edge of the species distribution area. We observed relatively high values of genetic differentiation and fixation (delta=0.387, FST=0.0652, FST(Hedrick)=0.407) compared to values from the centre of the species distribution range. Bayesian clustering analysis revealed three genetic groups. Presence of all genetic groups was detected at all locations, but oak trees in the extreme east of the Ural Mountains were genetically most different. We hypothesise that genetic drift influenced the observed pattern.
{"title":"Genetic differentiation of Quercus robur in the South-Ural","authors":"B. Degen, R. Yanbaev, Y. Yanbaev","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We studied the genetic composition of 200 pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) trees at nine nuclear microsatellite gene loci. We sampled nine locations in an area of 1100 km by 400 km in the South-Ural. The question was to analyse the genetic differentiation of the oaks at the south-east edge of the species distribution area. We observed relatively high values of genetic differentiation and fixation (delta=0.387, FST=0.0652, FST(Hedrick)=0.407) compared to values from the centre of the species distribution range. Bayesian clustering analysis revealed three genetic groups. Presence of all genetic groups was detected at all locations, but oak trees in the extreme east of the Ural Mountains were genetically most different. We hypothesise that genetic drift influenced the observed pattern.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89731525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Nelson, W. E. Berguson, B. McMahon, R. Meilan, L. Smart, Fred E. Gouker, Paul D. Bloese, Raymond O. Miller, T. Volk, Meijun Cai, Daniel J. Buchman
Abstract Hybrid poplar clonal growth in the states (regions) of Minnesota (MN), Indiana (IN), Michigan (MI), and New York (NY) USA was analyzed to discover 10 geographically robust (geo-robust) clones, all P. deltoides x P. nigra (D x N) hybrids previously tested and screened in MN, that were broadly adapted across latitudinal and longitudinal ranges of 9 and 20 degrees, respectively. The clonal effect for growth explained 25 to 36 % of the total variance, 2.5–4.1 times the clone x site interaction. Clone explained 24 to 46 % of total variation in canker occurrence on two sites. Genetic gain in growth was calculated relative to commercial check clones. Genetic gain in growth of geo-robust clones exceeded that of random clones by 24 to 44 %. Geo-robust clones and the best clones on each site were not significantly different on the MN sites, but best clones outperformed geo-robust clones on the other sites by 10 to 39 % genetic gain. Geo-robust clones grew faster than commercial check clones on all but the MI site. The reduction in genetic gain for growth due to using broadly adapted clones relative to the best clones has to be compared to the additional costs and benefits of multiple breeding zones.
摘要对美国明尼苏达州(MN)、印第安纳州(in)、密歇根州(MI)和纽约州(NY) 4个州(地区)的杂交杨树无性系生长进行了分析，发现了10个地理健壮性(地理健壮性)无性系，这些无性系均为P. deltoides x P. nigra (D x N)杂交种，它们分别在9度和20度的纬向和纵向范围内广泛适应。克隆效应对生长的解释占总变异的25 ~ 36%，是克隆与位点互作的2.5 ~ 4.1倍。克隆解释了两个部位发生溃疡病的总变异的24%至46%。计算了相对于商业检验克隆的生长遗传增益。地强无性系的生长遗传增益比随机无性系高24% ~ 44%。在MN位点上，各位点上的最佳克隆和地理健壮克隆的遗传增益差异不显著，但最佳克隆的遗传增益比其他位点上的最佳克隆高10% ~ 39%。除了MI站点之外，地理健壮克隆的增长速度都快于商业支票克隆。由于使用广泛适应的无性系而不是最佳无性系而导致的生长遗传增益的减少，必须与多个育种区的额外成本和收益进行比较。
{"title":"Discovery of Geographically Robust Hybrid Poplar Clones","authors":"N. Nelson, W. E. Berguson, B. McMahon, R. Meilan, L. Smart, Fred E. Gouker, Paul D. Bloese, Raymond O. Miller, T. Volk, Meijun Cai, Daniel J. Buchman","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hybrid poplar clonal growth in the states (regions) of Minnesota (MN), Indiana (IN), Michigan (MI), and New York (NY) USA was analyzed to discover 10 geographically robust (geo-robust) clones, all P. deltoides x P. nigra (D x N) hybrids previously tested and screened in MN, that were broadly adapted across latitudinal and longitudinal ranges of 9 and 20 degrees, respectively. The clonal effect for growth explained 25 to 36 % of the total variance, 2.5–4.1 times the clone x site interaction. Clone explained 24 to 46 % of total variation in canker occurrence on two sites. Genetic gain in growth was calculated relative to commercial check clones. Genetic gain in growth of geo-robust clones exceeded that of random clones by 24 to 44 %. Geo-robust clones and the best clones on each site were not significantly different on the MN sites, but best clones outperformed geo-robust clones on the other sites by 10 to 39 % genetic gain. Geo-robust clones grew faster than commercial check clones on all but the MI site. The reduction in genetic gain for growth due to using broadly adapted clones relative to the best clones has to be compared to the additional costs and benefits of multiple breeding zones.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77466680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Murillo, M. D. de Resende, Y. Badilla, J.P. Gamboa
Abstract A teak progeny trial was established with four replicates at different sites along the northern Pacific region of Costa Rica. The trials followed a randomized block design, with 28 open pollinated families and 36 seedlings per family per site. Data from 7 years-old trees was analyzed both for each test location separately and for all locations combined. High individual heritability was found for diameter, which translates to higher breeding potential. The all locations combined analysis showed high genetic variation, with individual heritabilities reaching up to 22 %. Genotype by Environment (GxE) interactions explained only 2.5 % of total phenotypic variation. The genetic correlation (rg) among all four sites was 0.69. Hence, it is concluded that GxE interactions are not problematic for breeding purposes since they are not complex in nature. This teak breeding population showed strong genetic stability and performed well in most environments in the study area. The Hojancha location showed high genetic correlation with all other sites; therefore, it should be chosen for future testing and selection of elite genotypes. Selection of the 20 best individuals, allowing for up to two individuals per family, would result in a 1.78 cm (11 %) gain in diameter. Furthermore, based on this selection the inbreeding coefficient (F) in the offspring would only reach 2.9 %, while the expected effective population size (Ne) would be16.97 individuals. This selection scheme could reduce rotation age by almost two years, since the diameter goal of 40 cm would be reached earlier than the usual 20 years cycle. The results suggest that the progeny trial can be maintained as a single breeding population, suitable for planting in any site along the Northern Pacific region of Costa Rica.
{"title":"Genotype by environment interaction and teak (Tectona grandis L.) selection in Costa Rica","authors":"O. Murillo, M. D. de Resende, Y. Badilla, J.P. Gamboa","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A teak progeny trial was established with four replicates at different sites along the northern Pacific region of Costa Rica. The trials followed a randomized block design, with 28 open pollinated families and 36 seedlings per family per site. Data from 7 years-old trees was analyzed both for each test location separately and for all locations combined. High individual heritability was found for diameter, which translates to higher breeding potential. The all locations combined analysis showed high genetic variation, with individual heritabilities reaching up to 22 %. Genotype by Environment (GxE) interactions explained only 2.5 % of total phenotypic variation. The genetic correlation (rg) among all four sites was 0.69. Hence, it is concluded that GxE interactions are not problematic for breeding purposes since they are not complex in nature. This teak breeding population showed strong genetic stability and performed well in most environments in the study area. The Hojancha location showed high genetic correlation with all other sites; therefore, it should be chosen for future testing and selection of elite genotypes. Selection of the 20 best individuals, allowing for up to two individuals per family, would result in a 1.78 cm (11 %) gain in diameter. Furthermore, based on this selection the inbreeding coefficient (F) in the offspring would only reach 2.9 %, while the expected effective population size (Ne) would be16.97 individuals. This selection scheme could reduce rotation age by almost two years, since the diameter goal of 40 cm would be reached earlier than the usual 20 years cycle. The results suggest that the progeny trial can be maintained as a single breeding population, suitable for planting in any site along the Northern Pacific region of Costa Rica.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83938090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takumi Tadama, Satoko Totsuka, Junji Iwai, K. Uchiyama, Yoichi Hasegawa, Y. Moriguchi
Abstract Pyramiding of male-sterile genes in Cryptomeria japonica is currently being carried out in Niigata prefecture, Japan. This is the first attempt to apply pyramid breeding to forest trees. As the breeding materials for male sterility are limited, special attention must be given to increased genetic relatedness in the process of pyramid breeding to avoid the effects of inbreeding depression as much as possible. In this study, we estimated genetic relatedness based on 246 genome-wide SNP markers for male-sterile individuals in Niigata Prefecture (n = 6) and individuals doubly heterozygous for two male-sterile genes (hereafter referred to as “double-hetero”) produced by marker- assisted selection (n = 124). The pairwise relatedness estimates between male-sterile individuals selected from the same area in Niigata Prefecture were low (−0.01 ± 0.08, mean ± standard deviation), suggesting that there will be almost no negative effects even if the F1 of these male-sterile individuals is used for artificial crossing. On the other hand, the pairwise relatedness between double-hetero individuals in this study was higher than the theoretical relatedness values, as individuals with the slightly higher relatedness were used as parents in artificial crossings. However, there was a large variance in pairwise relatedness for double-hetero individuals. This result suggested that it may be possible to avoid the adverse effects of inbreeding depression by using a pair of double-heteros with lower relatedness for artificial crossing, when we produce a double-homo using the limited breeding materials of male- sterile individuals. It will also be important to continue additional selection of new breeding material for male sterility.
{"title":"Genetic evaluation of Cryptomeria japonica breeding materials for male-sterile trees","authors":"Takumi Tadama, Satoko Totsuka, Junji Iwai, K. Uchiyama, Yoichi Hasegawa, Y. Moriguchi","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pyramiding of male-sterile genes in Cryptomeria japonica is currently being carried out in Niigata prefecture, Japan. This is the first attempt to apply pyramid breeding to forest trees. As the breeding materials for male sterility are limited, special attention must be given to increased genetic relatedness in the process of pyramid breeding to avoid the effects of inbreeding depression as much as possible. In this study, we estimated genetic relatedness based on 246 genome-wide SNP markers for male-sterile individuals in Niigata Prefecture (n = 6) and individuals doubly heterozygous for two male-sterile genes (hereafter referred to as “double-hetero”) produced by marker- assisted selection (n = 124). The pairwise relatedness estimates between male-sterile individuals selected from the same area in Niigata Prefecture were low (−0.01 ± 0.08, mean ± standard deviation), suggesting that there will be almost no negative effects even if the F1 of these male-sterile individuals is used for artificial crossing. On the other hand, the pairwise relatedness between double-hetero individuals in this study was higher than the theoretical relatedness values, as individuals with the slightly higher relatedness were used as parents in artificial crossings. However, there was a large variance in pairwise relatedness for double-hetero individuals. This result suggested that it may be possible to avoid the adverse effects of inbreeding depression by using a pair of double-heteros with lower relatedness for artificial crossing, when we produce a double-homo using the limited breeding materials of male- sterile individuals. It will also be important to continue additional selection of new breeding material for male sterility.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83651467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Tenorio, R. Moya, J. Valverde, Dagoberto Arias-Aguilar
Abstract The first attempts to establish energy crops in the tropical region using short rotation species are premised on the utilization of clones for wood production. Therefore, the present study is aimed at examining the growth aspects (survival, diameter and tree height), leaf architecture (leaf area index [LAI], number and angle of the branches and sylleptic branches), biomass production, as well as biomass flow at the age of 24 months of two clones of Gmelina arborea in short rotation crops within three spacings (1.0x1.0 m, 0.75x0.75 m and 1.0x0.5 m). The results showed an increment with age, as the diameter increased from 3.00 cm at six months to 8.0 cm at 24 months, whereas the total height increased from 2.00 m at six months to 10.00 m at 24 months. Clone survival varied from 20 to 60 %, whereas the LAI, branch angle and sylleptic branches increased with age. The differences between clones appeared after 12 months. Biomass production was similar between clones, from 6 ton/ha at six months to 67 ton/ha at 24 months, with clone 2 showing greater biomass flow than clone 1. On the basis of biomass production results and the development of diameter as well as height, clone 1 is recommended for spacing 1.0x1.0 m and clone 2 for spacings 0.75x0.75 m and 1.0x0.5 m.
{"title":"Biomass production and characteristics of short rotation plantations of clones of Gmelina arborea in three spacings","authors":"C. Tenorio, R. Moya, J. Valverde, Dagoberto Arias-Aguilar","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The first attempts to establish energy crops in the tropical region using short rotation species are premised on the utilization of clones for wood production. Therefore, the present study is aimed at examining the growth aspects (survival, diameter and tree height), leaf architecture (leaf area index [LAI], number and angle of the branches and sylleptic branches), biomass production, as well as biomass flow at the age of 24 months of two clones of Gmelina arborea in short rotation crops within three spacings (1.0x1.0 m, 0.75x0.75 m and 1.0x0.5 m). The results showed an increment with age, as the diameter increased from 3.00 cm at six months to 8.0 cm at 24 months, whereas the total height increased from 2.00 m at six months to 10.00 m at 24 months. Clone survival varied from 20 to 60 %, whereas the LAI, branch angle and sylleptic branches increased with age. The differences between clones appeared after 12 months. Biomass production was similar between clones, from 6 ton/ha at six months to 67 ton/ha at 24 months, with clone 2 showing greater biomass flow than clone 1. On the basis of biomass production results and the development of diameter as well as height, clone 1 is recommended for spacing 1.0x1.0 m and clone 2 for spacings 0.75x0.75 m and 1.0x0.5 m.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85896672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyu Li, Xue-Ying Lin, M. Ruhsam, Lu Chen, Xingtong Wu, Min-qiu Wang, P. Thomas, Y. Wen
Abstract Glyptostrobus pensilis (Cupressaceae) is a critically endangered conifer which occurs in China, Laos, and Vietnam where it is only known from a few populations. Here we aim to develop microsatellite markers which can be used to study the genetic variation within this species. Using transcriptome data we tested 170 SSR loci for polymorphism in 16 samples. Twenty-three loci were polymorphic and selected for the genetic analysis of 83 individuals from three Chinese populations. The number of alleles per locus and population ranged from one to eight, the observed and expected heterozygosity from Ho = 0.00-1.00 and He = 0.00-0.83, respectively. Fifteen loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in at least one of the three populations. The majority of loci could also be successfully amplified in four related species, namely Cryptomeria fortunei, Taxodium distichum, Taxodium ascendens and Cunninghamia lanceolata. These developed microsatellites are suitable for population genetic studies of Glyptostrobus pensilis and related species.
{"title":"Development of microsatellite markers for the critically endangered conifer Glyptostrobus pensilis (Cupressaceae) using transcriptome data","authors":"Xinyu Li, Xue-Ying Lin, M. Ruhsam, Lu Chen, Xingtong Wu, Min-qiu Wang, P. Thomas, Y. Wen","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Glyptostrobus pensilis (Cupressaceae) is a critically endangered conifer which occurs in China, Laos, and Vietnam where it is only known from a few populations. Here we aim to develop microsatellite markers which can be used to study the genetic variation within this species. Using transcriptome data we tested 170 SSR loci for polymorphism in 16 samples. Twenty-three loci were polymorphic and selected for the genetic analysis of 83 individuals from three Chinese populations. The number of alleles per locus and population ranged from one to eight, the observed and expected heterozygosity from Ho = 0.00-1.00 and He = 0.00-0.83, respectively. Fifteen loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in at least one of the three populations. The majority of loci could also be successfully amplified in four related species, namely Cryptomeria fortunei, Taxodium distichum, Taxodium ascendens and Cunninghamia lanceolata. These developed microsatellites are suitable for population genetic studies of Glyptostrobus pensilis and related species.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85374227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We developed a new set of 25 nuclear (nc), 12 chloroplast (cp) and 7 mitochondrial (mt) SNPs and used it to genotype 371 Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb.) trees from seven locations in a 200 km by 400 km area in the Russian Far East. One of the locations in an area of 15 km by 25 km east of the city Ussuriusk was analyzed more intensively with 188 collected trees. The genetic differentiation at the nuclear SNPs was small to moderate and for the plastid SNPs it was high when considering all trees from the seven locations. The gene pool distances between locations were for 19 out of 21 pairs statistically highly significant. There was no correlation of genetic and spatial distances. Only three different multilocus-haplotypes could be identified and 42 two-loci-combinations of plastid SNPs could be used to identify them. Conclusions for the practical application such as timber tracking and gene conservation are discussed.
{"title":"Short note: Development of a new set of SNP markers to measure genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb.) in the Far East of Russia","authors":"H. Schröder, Y. Yanbaev, B. Kersten, B. Degen","doi":"10.2478/sg-2019-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sg-2019-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We developed a new set of 25 nuclear (nc), 12 chloroplast (cp) and 7 mitochondrial (mt) SNPs and used it to genotype 371 Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb.) trees from seven locations in a 200 km by 400 km area in the Russian Far East. One of the locations in an area of 15 km by 25 km east of the city Ussuriusk was analyzed more intensively with 188 collected trees. The genetic differentiation at the nuclear SNPs was small to moderate and for the plastid SNPs it was high when considering all trees from the seven locations. The gene pool distances between locations were for 19 out of 21 pairs statistically highly significant. There was no correlation of genetic and spatial distances. Only three different multilocus-haplotypes could be identified and 42 two-loci-combinations of plastid SNPs could be used to identify them. Conclusions for the practical application such as timber tracking and gene conservation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":21834,"journal":{"name":"Silvae Genetica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83628568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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