Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024142
Said Rahatullah Haidari
Liver cirrhosis is the final pathway of multiple chronic liver diseases and is a pathological entity defined as diffuse hepatic fibrosis and regenerative nodule formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and co-factors of hepatitis B and C viruses among patients with liver cirrhosis. A total of 79 patients were registered from 2018 to 2022. The prevalence of liver cirrhosis in 2018, 2019, and 2020. 2021 and 2022 were 21.7%, 13.0%, 19.1%, 6.1% and 8.7%, respectively. The incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.01) greater in rural areas than in urban areas. In addition, according to age, the incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.001) greater in those >52 years old than in those 18-40 and 41-52 years old. Moreover, the incidence of cirrhosis was greater in females than in males, but the difference was not significant. Without that, the causes of cirrhosis for HBV, HCV and Non-B and Non-C patients were 13% and 40%, 15.7%, respectively. The results showed that causes of cirrhosis were significantly associated with HCV incidence, and the prevalence of underweight, normal, overweight, and obese individuals was 13%, 15.7%, 26.1% and 18.9%, respectively. Prevalence according to BMI categories did significantly differ among the categories. Furthermore, the incidences of diabetes mellitus for patients with HBV and HCV and for non-B and non-C individuals were 21.7%, 47% and 31.3%, respectively, but the incidence of diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with the incidence of HCV. In addition, the incidences of encephalopathy for HBV, HCV and non-B and non-C patients were 20.9%, 47.8%, and 31.3%, respectively, and for Ascites, they were 24.3%, 44.3%, and 31.4%, respectively. Finally, the incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.001) greater in smoking patients than in nonsmokers.
{"title":"Hepatitis B and C Viruses: Prevalence and co-factors among patients with liver cirrhosis","authors":"Said Rahatullah Haidari","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024142","url":null,"abstract":"Liver cirrhosis is the final pathway of multiple chronic liver diseases and is a pathological entity defined as diffuse hepatic fibrosis and regenerative nodule formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and co-factors of hepatitis B and C viruses among patients with liver cirrhosis. A total of 79 patients were registered from 2018 to 2022. The prevalence of liver cirrhosis in 2018, 2019, and 2020. 2021 and 2022 were 21.7%, 13.0%, 19.1%, 6.1% and 8.7%, respectively. The incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.01) greater in rural areas than in urban areas. In addition, according to age, the incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.001) greater in those >52 years old than in those 18-40 and 41-52 years old. Moreover, the incidence of cirrhosis was greater in females than in males, but the difference was not significant. Without that, the causes of cirrhosis for HBV, HCV and Non-B and Non-C patients were 13% and 40%, 15.7%, respectively. The results showed that causes of cirrhosis were significantly associated with HCV incidence, and the prevalence of underweight, normal, overweight, and obese individuals was 13%, 15.7%, 26.1% and 18.9%, respectively. Prevalence according to BMI categories did significantly differ among the categories. Furthermore, the incidences of diabetes mellitus for patients with HBV and HCV and for non-B and non-C individuals were 21.7%, 47% and 31.3%, respectively, but the incidence of diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with the incidence of HCV. In addition, the incidences of encephalopathy for HBV, HCV and non-B and non-C patients were 20.9%, 47.8%, and 31.3%, respectively, and for Ascites, they were 24.3%, 44.3%, and 31.4%, respectively. Finally, the incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.001) greater in smoking patients than in nonsmokers.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"51 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140459138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024135
Edelmira Jácome Sosa, Maria de Lourdez Juarez Mosqueda, Manuel Barrientos Villeda, B. Domínguez Mancera, Pablo Delgado Sánchez, Juan Manuel Pinos, M. Barrientos Morales
Ion channels are protein structures located in the cell plasma membrane. Sperm cells require calcium ions (Ca2+) to carry out fundamental physiological processes, such as hypermotility, capacitation and acrosomal reaction. Protein extraction is the first, and most critical, stage of molecular tests (Western Blot, proteomic tests, etc). The implementation of these techniques in the study of sperm cells will allow us to understand their physiology (biomarkers) and ways of manipulation (refrigeration, cryopreservation, permeation using streptolysin O (SLO), etc.). The goal of this project was to determine whether if changes in the plasma membrane, brought on by cryopreservation or permeation with SLO, modify the Ca2+ CaV1.2 α1C channel in pig sperm cells. 2 ½ pig ejaculates were taken as working simples, and they were treated as follows: -Control (C): refrigerated semen (SR) 16°/24h; Treatment 1 (T1): SR with SLO T2: cryopreserved semen (SC); T3: SC, previously treated with SLO. It was determined that a better quantitation of proteins from the samples (p<0.001) is obtained with a (total) protein extraction buffer composed of SDS 2% + β-Mercaptoethanol 3%. The detection of the CaV 1.2 α1C protein was done through Western Bloting, using the Rabbit anti-CaV 1.2 α1C (USA, Sigma-AldrichTM) antigen. Better visibility of the protein band of the Ca2+ channel was achieved in the C and T1 experimental groups; whereas its’ presence was not observed in T2 and T3. It was determined that the Ca2+ CaV 1.2 α1C was present in the sperm cells, and that it deteriorates once the sperm cell is frozen and permeated with SLO, which is linked to the decrease of cell viability percentages. alibri font, size 10, and single line spacing.
{"title":"Extraction of proteins and location of the L-ype Voltage-Dependent Ca2+ channel (CaV1.2 α1c) in pig sperm extracted from fresh, frozen and permeated semen","authors":"Edelmira Jácome Sosa, Maria de Lourdez Juarez Mosqueda, Manuel Barrientos Villeda, B. Domínguez Mancera, Pablo Delgado Sánchez, Juan Manuel Pinos, M. Barrientos Morales","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024135","url":null,"abstract":"Ion channels are protein structures located in the cell plasma membrane. Sperm cells require calcium ions (Ca2+) to carry out fundamental physiological processes, such as hypermotility, capacitation and acrosomal reaction. Protein extraction is the first, and most critical, stage of molecular tests (Western Blot, proteomic tests, etc). The implementation of these techniques in the study of sperm cells will allow us to understand their physiology (biomarkers) and ways of manipulation (refrigeration, cryopreservation, permeation using streptolysin O (SLO), etc.). The goal of this project was to determine whether if changes in the plasma membrane, brought on by cryopreservation or permeation with SLO, modify the Ca2+ CaV1.2 α1C channel in pig sperm cells. 2 ½ pig ejaculates were taken as working simples, and they were treated as follows: -Control (C): refrigerated semen (SR) 16°/24h; Treatment 1 (T1): SR with SLO T2: cryopreserved semen (SC); T3: SC, previously treated with SLO. It was determined that a better quantitation of proteins from the samples (p<0.001) is obtained with a (total) protein extraction buffer composed of SDS 2% + β-Mercaptoethanol 3%. The detection of the CaV 1.2 α1C protein was done through Western Bloting, using the Rabbit anti-CaV 1.2 α1C (USA, Sigma-AldrichTM) antigen. Better visibility of the protein band of the Ca2+ channel was achieved in the C and T1 experimental groups; whereas its’ presence was not observed in T2 and T3. It was determined that the Ca2+ CaV 1.2 α1C was present in the sperm cells, and that it deteriorates once the sperm cell is frozen and permeated with SLO, which is linked to the decrease of cell viability percentages. alibri font, size 10, and single line spacing.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"168 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140460345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024132
Rani Meidawati, Merita Arini
Emergency Department (ED) is the frontliner unit of the hospital which becomes the entry door for emergency patients who need quick and efficient treatment. Prolonged doctor’s response time results in complaints, patients feel neglected, and affect the quality of service in the emergency room. This study aims to identify waste in emergency department services and to formulate recommendations for improvement. Methods used in this study is action research. , n=10; emergency room patients/caretakers, n=10. Data were taken through in-depth interviews, data was recorded, transcribed verbatim, and content analysis was carried out. The results of this study found 4 themes; literacy and expectations of health service of waste; complexity of inhibitory factors of services; as well as potential service improvements from supporting factors. There are four types of waste including waiting time, overprocessing, motion, unnecessary inventory, and the trial carried out was shown that it can shortened the doctor’s response time by average of 1 minute 29 seconds 82 . Lean implementation is able to found waste that can be eliminated. It takes commitment from hospital staff and management to always improving and continuously evaluating the service system.
{"title":"The implementation of lean management in reducing waste in the emergency department","authors":"Rani Meidawati, Merita Arini","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024132","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency Department (ED) is the frontliner unit of the hospital which becomes the entry door for emergency patients who need quick and efficient treatment. Prolonged doctor’s response time results in complaints, patients feel neglected, and affect the quality of service in the emergency room. This study aims to identify waste in emergency department services and to formulate recommendations for improvement. Methods used in this study is action research. , n=10; emergency room patients/caretakers, n=10. Data were taken through in-depth interviews, data was recorded, transcribed verbatim, and content analysis was carried out. The results of this study found 4 themes; literacy and expectations of health service of waste; complexity of inhibitory factors of services; as well as potential service improvements from supporting factors. There are four types of waste including waiting time, overprocessing, motion, unnecessary inventory, and the trial carried out was shown that it can shortened the doctor’s response time by average of 1 minute 29 seconds 82 . Lean implementation is able to found waste that can be eliminated. It takes commitment from hospital staff and management to always improving and continuously evaluating the service system.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"342 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140461345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024133
Xiaoyan Peng, Hasan-Basri Bakti, Abu Sufian Abu Bakar
The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of China’s recent education policy on the labor market performance (i.e., employability and wages) of both general and vocational education graduates. The policy requires 50% of junior high school graduates to pursue secondary vocational education. The policy received public complaints because, in many parts of the world, students are free to decide on their future education. This paper measures the impacts of education type on labor market performance for both general and vocational education graduates, seeking to uncover the differing perspectives between Chinese authorities and the public. The study utilizes secondary survey data from the Chinese Social Survey 2021 (CSS2021) and employs the Mincer earnings function to analyze several main factors, such as years of education (yoe), years of work (yow), education type (et), interaction between edt and yoe and yow, and gender. The results highlight the significant role of education in enhancing both employability and wages—indicating that increased years of education positively correlate with improved employment prospects and higher wages. Regarding the relationship between wages and gender across both education types, males generally receive higher wages, while the dynamics in the relationship between employment and gender differ, with females exhibiting a greater likelihood of employment. The impact of education type on employability is slightly complicated. Employers do not prefer employing general education graduates. However, when we combined education type with years of experience, the findings revealed a preference among employers for hiring general education graduates with extensive work experience. This study has policy implications for the Chinese government in fostering the balanced development of vocational and general education, benefiting both individuals and society.
{"title":"The impact of education type on employability and wages in China","authors":"Xiaoyan Peng, Hasan-Basri Bakti, Abu Sufian Abu Bakar","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024133","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of China’s recent education policy on the labor market performance (i.e., employability and wages) of both general and vocational education graduates. The policy requires 50% of junior high school graduates to pursue secondary vocational education. The policy received public complaints because, in many parts of the world, students are free to decide on their future education. This paper measures the impacts of education type on labor market performance for both general and vocational education graduates, seeking to uncover the differing perspectives between Chinese authorities and the public. The study utilizes secondary survey data from the Chinese Social Survey 2021 (CSS2021) and employs the Mincer earnings function to analyze several main factors, such as years of education (yoe), years of work (yow), education type (et), interaction between edt and yoe and yow, and gender. The results highlight the significant role of education in enhancing both employability and wages—indicating that increased years of education positively correlate with improved employment prospects and higher wages. Regarding the relationship between wages and gender across both education types, males generally receive higher wages, while the dynamics in the relationship between employment and gender differ, with females exhibiting a greater likelihood of employment. The impact of education type on employability is slightly complicated. Employers do not prefer employing general education graduates. However, when we combined education type with years of experience, the findings revealed a preference among employers for hiring general education graduates with extensive work experience. This study has policy implications for the Chinese government in fostering the balanced development of vocational and general education, benefiting both individuals and society.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"146 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140461542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024140
Debanjalee Bose, Sakthi Srinivasan K.
The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on financial markets worldwide, including those in India, and it has resulted in increased volatility with spillover effects across various industries. This study provides insights into the differential impact of COVID-19 on various industries in India by employing the ARIMA-GARCH model. The study utilized daily data spanning from 2017 to 2023 to examine industry responses during the COVID-19 pandemic, delineating three distinct periods: 2017 to 2021, denoting the pre pandemic era; 2020 to 2023, encompassing the turbulent during-COVID phase; and 2021 to 2023, representing the post-COVID era. In this study, the IT and real estate sectors are considered dependent variables, while the automotive and pharmaceutical sectors are regarded as independent variables. The primary aim is to uncover the complex influence of the IT industry on the automotive, pharmaceutical, and real estate sectors during these time frames; and to elucidate how the real estate industry reciprocally affects these sectors. Our empirical analysis provides insights into the asymmetric transmission mechanism of spillovers. By disentangling overall shocks into macroeconomic impacts affecting all sectors and industrial influences exclusive to specific sectors, we discern that macroeconomic shocks, rather than industrial shocks, primarily dictate the asymmetry in spillover transmission dynamics. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how industries responded to the unprecedented challenges posed by the pandemic, offering valuable insights for strategic decision-making and policy formulation in the post-COVID-19 era.
{"title":"Differential impacts of COVID-19 on Indian sectors: Resilience of pharmaceuticals and automobiles, contrasting with negative effects on IT and real estate - An ARIMA-GARCH analysis","authors":"Debanjalee Bose, Sakthi Srinivasan K.","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024140","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on financial markets worldwide, including those in India, and it has resulted in increased volatility with spillover effects across various industries. This study provides insights into the differential impact of COVID-19 on various industries in India by employing the ARIMA-GARCH model. The study utilized daily data spanning from 2017 to 2023 to examine industry responses during the COVID-19 pandemic, delineating three distinct periods: 2017 to 2021, denoting the pre pandemic era; 2020 to 2023, encompassing the turbulent during-COVID phase; and 2021 to 2023, representing the post-COVID era. In this study, the IT and real estate sectors are considered dependent variables, while the automotive and pharmaceutical sectors are regarded as independent variables. The primary aim is to uncover the complex influence of the IT industry on the automotive, pharmaceutical, and real estate sectors during these time frames; and to elucidate how the real estate industry reciprocally affects these sectors. Our empirical analysis provides insights into the asymmetric transmission mechanism of spillovers. By disentangling overall shocks into macroeconomic impacts affecting all sectors and industrial influences exclusive to specific sectors, we discern that macroeconomic shocks, rather than industrial shocks, primarily dictate the asymmetry in spillover transmission dynamics. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how industries responded to the unprecedented challenges posed by the pandemic, offering valuable insights for strategic decision-making and policy formulation in the post-COVID-19 era.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140461644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024130
Hala Adnan Abdul-Hameed, Hayder F Saloom
Rats are still often used in vital areas of biological study. Animal management, behavior, compliance and technical processes directly relevant to research projects are just a few of the many duties placed on the shoulders of those conducting such studies. This study was designed to fill a gap in the literature by providing a rapid reference source for researchers and animal care takers responsible for the care and/or usage of rats in research settings, since no prior study has detailed the death rate of experimental rats. A total of 103 adult wister albino rats, aged (12-15) weeks, were included in this study. The rats were subjected to orthodontic treatment using a metal spring coil measuring 6 mm in length, with force of 100 gm. to induce tooth movement. The experimental study involved a total of 56 rats, with 47 rats being excluded from the study due to mortality during the course of the study. The total death rate was determined. The greatest fatality rate was found to be 32%, and it was caused by rats related factors. The anesthetic death rate was 23%. The mortality rate in a controlled laboratory environment was 26%. The lowest cause of death rate was found to be the environmental factors at 19%. To maintain the reliability and repeatability of study results, it is crucial to implement a health monitoring programme for the experimental rat, whose death rate may be significantly impacted by factors such as biological diversity, stress, and an exhausted mechanism.
{"title":"The main causative factor of increased mortality rate in experimental rat","authors":"Hala Adnan Abdul-Hameed, Hayder F Saloom","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024130","url":null,"abstract":"Rats are still often used in vital areas of biological study. Animal management, behavior, compliance and technical processes directly relevant to research projects are just a few of the many duties placed on the shoulders of those conducting such studies. This study was designed to fill a gap in the literature by providing a rapid reference source for researchers and animal care takers responsible for the care and/or usage of rats in research settings, since no prior study has detailed the death rate of experimental rats. A total of 103 adult wister albino rats, aged (12-15) weeks, were included in this study. The rats were subjected to orthodontic treatment using a metal spring coil measuring 6 mm in length, with force of 100 gm. to induce tooth movement. The experimental study involved a total of 56 rats, with 47 rats being excluded from the study due to mortality during the course of the study. The total death rate was determined. The greatest fatality rate was found to be 32%, and it was caused by rats related factors. The anesthetic death rate was 23%. The mortality rate in a controlled laboratory environment was 26%. The lowest cause of death rate was found to be the environmental factors at 19%. To maintain the reliability and repeatability of study results, it is crucial to implement a health monitoring programme for the experimental rat, whose death rate may be significantly impacted by factors such as biological diversity, stress, and an exhausted mechanism.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"93 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140461859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024134
Edona Gara, Selvete Shuleta-Qehaja, Egzona Gara
According to the United Nations most recent figures (2020), the percentage of the people over the age of 65 accounts for 9.31% of the total global population in 2020. This phenomena is expected to have a direct impact on health care services, raising demand and influencing health care workers' attitudes and services for elderly individuals. The purpose of this study is to analyze nurses' attitudes toward senior care and to identify the associated factors that influence their opinions. The study is of the transverse (cross-sectional) type. Between January and March 2022, 299 nurses were surveyed at four public institutions: the University Clinical Centre, the General Hospital "Dr. Sami Haxhibeqiri" in Mitrovica, the Main Centre of Family Medicine "Dr. Hafir Shala" in Drenas, and the Family Medicine Centre in Komoran. The sample was chosen at random. The majority of the nurses in the survey (86.3%) agree with the statement that they have favorable attitudes toward aged care and that health services are provided qualitatively in the health institutions where the research was performed (76% of respondents). The amount of education of nurses had the greatest impact on the emergence of compliance with positive attitudes, with results showing that nurses with a higher level of education tend to have compliance with more favorable attitudes toward care for elderly individuals. The majority of the nurses who took part in the study believe that they have generally positive views toward aged care and that the provision of nursing care services in their healthcare institutions is of high quality.
{"title":"Nurses’ attitudes to care of the elderly","authors":"Edona Gara, Selvete Shuleta-Qehaja, Egzona Gara","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024134","url":null,"abstract":"According to the United Nations most recent figures (2020), the percentage of the people over the age of 65 accounts for 9.31% of the total global population in 2020. This phenomena is expected to have a direct impact on health care services, raising demand and influencing health care workers' attitudes and services for elderly individuals. The purpose of this study is to analyze nurses' attitudes toward senior care and to identify the associated factors that influence their opinions. The study is of the transverse (cross-sectional) type. Between January and March 2022, 299 nurses were surveyed at four public institutions: the University Clinical Centre, the General Hospital \"Dr. Sami Haxhibeqiri\" in Mitrovica, the Main Centre of Family Medicine \"Dr. Hafir Shala\" in Drenas, and the Family Medicine Centre in Komoran. The sample was chosen at random. The majority of the nurses in the survey (86.3%) agree with the statement that they have favorable attitudes toward aged care and that health services are provided qualitatively in the health institutions where the research was performed (76% of respondents). The amount of education of nurses had the greatest impact on the emergence of compliance with positive attitudes, with results showing that nurses with a higher level of education tend to have compliance with more favorable attitudes toward care for elderly individuals. The majority of the nurses who took part in the study believe that they have generally positive views toward aged care and that the provision of nursing care services in their healthcare institutions is of high quality.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"227 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140462284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024122
Tariq Aziz
This research aims to understand the connection between the capital market and the gold market. To understand the link between gold prices and equity prices and vice versa, the vector autoregression model (VAR) is estimated, and the Granger causality test is performed in the framework of VAR. Unit root tests such as the Augment Dicky Fuller test and Phillips-Pierrion test are conducted to check for the stationarity of the data. Johansen's cointegration test is conducted to check for cointegration between two time series. We utilized weekly data from June 7, 2009, to December 25, 2021. Stock indices of three countries, namely, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Turkey, are used in the paper. Gold prices are in the currency of selected stock markets. According to the findings, unidirectional causality exists only in the case of Turkey, where it runs from stock returns to gold returns. Numerous articles have attempted to clarify the connection between the gold market and stock exchanges. This paper utilizes the most recent data and tries to understand the linkages among three countries that are major buyers of gold.
{"title":"Reassessment of linkage between stock prices and gold prices: A causal investigation","authors":"Tariq Aziz","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024122","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to understand the connection between the capital market and the gold market. To understand the link between gold prices and equity prices and vice versa, the vector autoregression model (VAR) is estimated, and the Granger causality test is performed in the framework of VAR. Unit root tests such as the Augment Dicky Fuller test and Phillips-Pierrion test are conducted to check for the stationarity of the data. Johansen's cointegration test is conducted to check for cointegration between two time series. We utilized weekly data from June 7, 2009, to December 25, 2021. Stock indices of three countries, namely, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Turkey, are used in the paper. Gold prices are in the currency of selected stock markets. According to the findings, unidirectional causality exists only in the case of Turkey, where it runs from stock returns to gold returns. Numerous articles have attempted to clarify the connection between the gold market and stock exchanges. This paper utilizes the most recent data and tries to understand the linkages among three countries that are major buyers of gold.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"1318 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140466833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024131
Diaza Okadimar Ariyanto, Sigit Wirawan, E. A. Pangarsa, Fathur Nur Kholis, Muhammad Ali Shodiq, C. Prihharsanti
Non-adherence to guidelines has been demonstrated to affect clinical outcomes. With more than half of the global incidence of lung cancer occurring in Asia, this study aims to evaluate the guideline-concordant treatment (GCT) among Asian patients based on the 2018 NCCN-Asia consensus statements on NSCLC. Patients diagnosed with NSCLC between December 2018 and 2019 were identified from electronic medical records. Patients with complete data were divided into GCT-positive and negative groups. Statistical analyses were performed to analyze survival distributions and the associations between covariates and GCT status. Out of 50 patients, 90% were in stage IV. No patients underwent PET scans nor stereotactic radiotherapy due to the absence of facilities. Overall, 44% of patients were GCT-positive. Most GCT-negative patients did not receive chemotherapy due to poor performance scores. There was a significant difference in the survival distribution between groups (72.7% vs 39.3%, p=0.006). Age and sex were not significantly associated with GCT status (p>0.05). After accounting for other covariates including histology, GCT-negative was still associated with an increased hazard of all-cause mortality (HR 3.07 [1.15-8.12]; p=0.025). Despite limitations, concordance with Asian-specific guidelines independently and significantly improved OS among patients at a national-referral hospital in Indonesia.
{"title":"Evaluation of guideline-concordant treatment and clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer: A study at a National-Referral Hospital in Indonesia","authors":"Diaza Okadimar Ariyanto, Sigit Wirawan, E. A. Pangarsa, Fathur Nur Kholis, Muhammad Ali Shodiq, C. Prihharsanti","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024131","url":null,"abstract":"Non-adherence to guidelines has been demonstrated to affect clinical outcomes. With more than half of the global incidence of lung cancer occurring in Asia, this study aims to evaluate the guideline-concordant treatment (GCT) among Asian patients based on the 2018 NCCN-Asia consensus statements on NSCLC. Patients diagnosed with NSCLC between December 2018 and 2019 were identified from electronic medical records. Patients with complete data were divided into GCT-positive and negative groups. Statistical analyses were performed to analyze survival distributions and the associations between covariates and GCT status. Out of 50 patients, 90% were in stage IV. No patients underwent PET scans nor stereotactic radiotherapy due to the absence of facilities. Overall, 44% of patients were GCT-positive. Most GCT-negative patients did not receive chemotherapy due to poor performance scores. There was a significant difference in the survival distribution between groups (72.7% vs 39.3%, p=0.006). Age and sex were not significantly associated with GCT status (p>0.05). After accounting for other covariates including histology, GCT-negative was still associated with an increased hazard of all-cause mortality (HR 3.07 [1.15-8.12]; p=0.025). Despite limitations, concordance with Asian-specific guidelines independently and significantly improved OS among patients at a national-referral hospital in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"1254 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2024137
M. Husna, Sudiyanto, P. Rintayati
This research aimed to: (1) determine differences in science learning abilities between students taught using the project-based learning and problem-based learning models; (2) determine differences in science learning abilities between students who had high learning interest and those who had low learning interest; and (3) determine the interaction between learning models and learning interest on science learning abilities. This research was quantitative research with a quasi experimental type carried out in two sub districts: Pasarkliwon Sub district and Banjarsari Sub district. The research samples were sixth-grade students at Carangan State Elementary School in Pasar Kliwon Sub district as the experimental group and Purworejo State Elementary School, Banjarsari Sub district as the control group. Data collection techniques used test and non test techniques (questionnaires). The data analysis technique used Two Way Analysis of Variance using a significance level of α = 0.05. The results of the research showed that there were differences in students' understanding abilities with a significance level of 0.00<0.05 in project-based learning model learning and problem-based learning. There was a difference in the ability to understand solar system material with a significance level of 0.00<0.05 between students who had a high interest in learning and students who had a low interest in learning. There was an interaction between the learning model and learning interest indicated by (α) 0.003<0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of learning models and students' learning interests influenced students' ability to understand solar system materials.
{"title":"The influence of project-based learning and problem-based learning models on science learning ability from the perspectives of learning interest","authors":"M. Husna, Sudiyanto, P. Rintayati","doi":"10.31893/multiscience.2024137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2024137","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to: (1) determine differences in science learning abilities between students taught using the project-based learning and problem-based learning models; (2) determine differences in science learning abilities between students who had high learning interest and those who had low learning interest; and (3) determine the interaction between learning models and learning interest on science learning abilities. This research was quantitative research with a quasi experimental type carried out in two sub districts: Pasarkliwon Sub district and Banjarsari Sub district. The research samples were sixth-grade students at Carangan State Elementary School in Pasar Kliwon Sub district as the experimental group and Purworejo State Elementary School, Banjarsari Sub district as the control group. Data collection techniques used test and non test techniques (questionnaires). The data analysis technique used Two Way Analysis of Variance using a significance level of α = 0.05. The results of the research showed that there were differences in students' understanding abilities with a significance level of 0.00<0.05 in project-based learning model learning and problem-based learning. There was a difference in the ability to understand solar system material with a significance level of 0.00<0.05 between students who had a high interest in learning and students who had a low interest in learning. There was an interaction between the learning model and learning interest indicated by (α) 0.003<0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of learning models and students' learning interests influenced students' ability to understand solar system materials.","PeriodicalId":218411,"journal":{"name":"Multidisciplinary Science Journal","volume":"82 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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