Pub Date : 2020-03-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2020.03.08
S. Jan, A. Rauf, R. Saeed, N. Fancy, F. Khan, G. Ahmad, K. Azam
There has been a significant increase in the use of Android platform in the last decades mainly because of the features that it offers, i.e., open-source architecture, a wide range of Application Programming Interface (API). For controlling access to resources and data, the android platform offers contains a permission management system. However, recently several third-party applications are found abusing the android permission system. Such applications misuse the granted permissions without user knowledge. Some of the researchers have proposed permission managers which revoke the third-party application permissions to stop the misuse. Although such security applications allow users to revoke the app permissions, however, it is difficult for the users to differentiate between a genuine resource access and a malicious access. In this research work, a security application has been developedthat presents useful monitoring information to usersto help them in deciding on which applications should be restricted from using the phone resources and data. It monitors applications' and systems' activities (e.g., process importance, screen on/off information) and calculates the corresponding risk to notify user about the resource access. If further enables the user to revoke the granted permissions to an android application by considering such resource access reports.
{"title":"Monitoring and Controlling Access to Privacy Sensitive Resources of Android System","authors":"S. Jan, A. Rauf, R. Saeed, N. Fancy, F. Khan, G. Ahmad, K. Azam","doi":"10.26692/surj/2020.03.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2020.03.08","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a significant increase in the use of Android platform in the last decades mainly because of the features that it offers, i.e., open-source architecture, a wide range of Application Programming Interface (API). For controlling access to resources and data, the android platform offers contains a permission management system. However, recently several third-party applications are found abusing the android permission system. Such applications misuse the granted permissions without user knowledge. Some of the researchers have proposed permission managers which revoke the third-party application permissions to stop the misuse. Although such security applications allow users to revoke the app permissions, however, it is difficult for the users to differentiate between a genuine resource access and a malicious access. In this research work, a security application has been developedthat presents useful monitoring information to usersto help them in deciding on which applications should be restricted from using the phone resources and data. It monitors applications' and systems' activities (e.g., process importance, screen on/off information) and calculates the corresponding risk to notify user about the resource access. If further enables the user to revoke the granted permissions to an android application by considering such resource access reports.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88912937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2020.03.13
F. Ismail, M. Yaqub
Fungal genome have highest number of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) superfamily PDR (Pleotropic drug resistance) sub divided into MDR (multi drug resistance) and MFS (major facilitator family). The major conserved domain of the super family comprised of various alpha helix proteins in form of ATP binding cassettes as transmembrane. Another conserved (NTP) nucleotide binding domain contained of conserved amino acids is more crucial domain of super family. ABC proteins are majorly involved in transport across cytoplasm and plasma membrane for the number of substrates as proteins, amino acids, ions and drugs. According to the recent studies yeast and Neurosporacrassahave highest number of orthologs and is the best model to uncover the underlying phenomena of drug resistance for the better understanding. There is dearth of study on the existence of drug transport proteins in pathogenic fungi. Study have focused on the emergence of CDR, MDR and MRS family major drug resistant transport proteins in various fungal groups.
{"title":"Emergence of major drug resistant transport family Conserved proteins in fungi","authors":"F. Ismail, M. Yaqub","doi":"10.26692/surj/2020.03.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2020.03.13","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal genome have highest number of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) superfamily PDR (Pleotropic drug resistance) sub divided into MDR (multi drug resistance) and MFS (major facilitator family). The major conserved domain of the super family comprised of various alpha helix proteins in form of ATP binding cassettes as transmembrane. Another conserved (NTP) nucleotide binding domain contained of conserved amino acids is more crucial domain of super family. ABC proteins are majorly involved in transport across cytoplasm and plasma membrane for the number of substrates as proteins, amino acids, ions and drugs. According to the recent studies yeast and Neurosporacrassahave highest number of orthologs and is the best model to uncover the underlying phenomena of drug resistance for the better understanding. There is dearth of study on the existence of drug transport proteins in pathogenic fungi. Study have focused on the emergence of CDR, MDR and MRS family major drug resistant transport proteins in various fungal groups.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90393461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2020.03.16
S. Muhammad, A. Dayo, M. Ghoto, M. Arain, J. Abbas, R. Sultana, N. Hussain, N. Kumar
The new drug development process is very expensive, so initially when a new drug comes in the market the innovator pharmaceutical company gets the sole rights to manufacture the drug for specific time. But later, other pharmaceutical companies get the rights to manufacture that drug. This increases the number of generic drugs available in the market and decreases the cost of therapy. But this decrease in cost of medicine does not mean poor quality. The objective of this research work was to identify that different generic products from local and multinational firms available in the market are comparable in quality to each other and innovator product and are pharmaceutically equivalent. A comparative qualitative research was carried out on innovator and genetic marketed formulations of atenolol tablets from multinational and local pharmaceutical industries. A total of five products were selected and different in-vitro tests were performed and compared against British Pharmacopoeia standards. All the marketed formulations of atenolol tablets were as per standards of British Pharmacopoeia and complied with the weight variation, dimension, hardness, friability, disintegration, dissolutions tests and assay. All the marketed formulations of atenolol tablets from innovator, multinational and local industry companies were pharmaceutical equivalent and can be used interchangeably.
{"title":"Perception of Quality about Local Manufacturing of Drugs in Pakistan and Its Qualitative Analysis","authors":"S. Muhammad, A. Dayo, M. Ghoto, M. Arain, J. Abbas, R. Sultana, N. Hussain, N. Kumar","doi":"10.26692/surj/2020.03.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2020.03.16","url":null,"abstract":"The new drug development process is very expensive, so initially when a new drug comes in the market the innovator pharmaceutical company gets the sole rights to manufacture the drug for specific time. But later, other pharmaceutical companies get the rights to manufacture that drug. This increases the number of generic drugs available in the market and decreases the cost of therapy. But this decrease in cost of medicine does not mean poor quality. The objective of this research work was to identify that different generic products from local and multinational firms available in the market are comparable in quality to each other and innovator product and are pharmaceutically equivalent. A comparative qualitative research was carried out on innovator and genetic marketed formulations of atenolol tablets from multinational and local pharmaceutical industries. A total of five products were selected and different in-vitro tests were performed and compared against British Pharmacopoeia standards. All the marketed formulations of atenolol tablets were as per standards of British Pharmacopoeia and complied with the weight variation, dimension, hardness, friability, disintegration, dissolutions tests and assay. All the marketed formulations of atenolol tablets from innovator, multinational and local industry companies were pharmaceutical equivalent and can be used interchangeably.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73788870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2020.03.06
K. A. Memon, M. M. Shaikh, M. S. Chandio, A. W. Shaikh
In this research paper, a new efficient midpoint derivative-based quadrature scheme of trapezoid-type is developed for the approximation of the Riemann-Stieltjes integral. The proposed quadrature scheme is an efficient modification of Zhao etal. midpoint derivative-based scheme for the Riemann-Stieltjes integral. The performance of proposed scheme, Zhao etal. scheme and the original Trapezoid scheme for the Riemann-Stieltjesintegral are compared using MATLAB. Ithas been noticed that the numerical error is smaller using proposed scheme in comparison to other schemes.
{"title":"A Modified Derivative-BasedScheme for the Riemann-Stieltjes Integral","authors":"K. A. Memon, M. M. Shaikh, M. S. Chandio, A. W. Shaikh","doi":"10.26692/surj/2020.03.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2020.03.06","url":null,"abstract":"In this research paper, a new efficient midpoint derivative-based quadrature scheme of trapezoid-type is developed for the approximation of the Riemann-Stieltjes integral. The proposed quadrature scheme is an efficient modification of Zhao etal. midpoint derivative-based scheme for the Riemann-Stieltjes integral. The performance of proposed scheme, Zhao etal. scheme and the original Trapezoid scheme for the Riemann-Stieltjesintegral are compared using MATLAB. Ithas been noticed that the numerical error is smaller using proposed scheme in comparison to other schemes.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80009708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2020.03.09
A. Imran, M. Ahmed, S. Farid, M. D. Khattak
The use of e-learning is increasing in the educational sector. New tools and technologies are being introduced to blend the technology within educational boundaries. The most important tools used to implement e-learning is the Learning Management System. There are large number of LMS available which are being used by the universities, colleges and schools. The selection of LMS is critical for the success of any e-learning system. This paper compares seven open source LMS i.e. Moodle, ATutor, Chamilo, Claroline, Efront, Docebo and Dokeos. The comparison is made on the basis of technical parameters and the communication tools. It has been made through practical installation and literature review. The results show that all the LMS are cross platform and based on PHP technology. All of the them have My Sql as the backend database. MOODLE and Atutor have additional support for Microsoft and Oracle. Both of them also provide the maximum communication sub tools. The specifications of e-learning standards were found to be more diversely described in different LMS. The comparison will help the administrators and educators to set a criterion according to their needs and adopt LMS which is suitable for their requirements.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Open Source Learning Management System Software in e-Learning","authors":"A. Imran, M. Ahmed, S. Farid, M. D. Khattak","doi":"10.26692/surj/2020.03.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2020.03.09","url":null,"abstract":"The use of e-learning is increasing in the educational sector. New tools and technologies are being introduced to blend the technology within educational boundaries. The most important tools used to implement e-learning is the Learning Management System. There are large number of LMS available which are being used by the universities, colleges and schools. The selection of LMS is critical for the success of any e-learning system. This paper compares seven open source LMS i.e. Moodle, ATutor, Chamilo, Claroline, Efront, Docebo and Dokeos. The comparison is made on the basis of technical parameters and the communication tools. It has been made through practical installation and literature review. The results show that all the LMS are cross platform and based on PHP technology. All of the them have My Sql as the backend database. MOODLE and Atutor have additional support for Microsoft and Oracle. Both of them also provide the maximum communication sub tools. The specifications of e-learning standards were found to be more diversely described in different LMS. The comparison will help the administrators and educators to set a criterion according to their needs and adopt LMS which is suitable for their requirements.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86675542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2020.03.12
M. Ilyas, S. Razzaq, F. Maqbool, W. Ahmad, S. M. Adnan, A. Shakira
The main idea of this research is to figure out how we can create a mesh network in Android based cell phone keeping in mind the end goal to exploit the advantages of this sort of networks. Mesh networks has some extraordinary attributes that could enhance the client experience or even save lives in some extreme circumstances. In some situation where the density of individuals collapse the regular network, football stadiums or huge exhibits, or when some enormous disaster happens, tornados, tidal waves, tremors that bring down the network, mesh networks would permit us to make a few applications that allows the general population to communicate with people that is close to them, or to give an evacuation path from that specific zone.
{"title":"Android Mesh Network Based Framework of an Intelligent Evacuation System for Disastrous Situation","authors":"M. Ilyas, S. Razzaq, F. Maqbool, W. Ahmad, S. M. Adnan, A. Shakira","doi":"10.26692/surj/2020.03.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2020.03.12","url":null,"abstract":"The main idea of this research is to figure out how we can create a mesh network in Android based cell phone keeping in mind the end goal to exploit the advantages of this sort of networks. Mesh networks has some extraordinary attributes that could enhance the client experience or even save lives in some extreme circumstances. In some situation where the density of individuals collapse the regular network, football stadiums or huge exhibits, or when some enormous disaster happens, tornados, tidal waves, tremors that bring down the network, mesh networks would permit us to make a few applications that allows the general population to communicate with people that is close to them, or to give an evacuation path from that specific zone.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80844851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-10DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.114
M. Khalid, M. Naeem, S. Masud, A. Ishtiaq, S. Hassan
Basic aim of this research was to determine levels of some metals (Ca, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, Na, Pb Zn) and their relationships to body size and condition factor in the whole body of Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass carp). Concentrations of these elements were assessed in 55 fish samples of different size, randomly collected in January, 2015, from a private fish farm by ICP-OES after wet digestion method. Results of the study showed that analyzed elements were found within normal ranges. Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Na and Zn had highly significant relationships with fish size. Cd, Pb, Cu, K, Mn, Ni, Na, increased isometrically while Cr, Co, Zn, had negative allometric relationship and Fe and Ca showed positive allometric relationship with rise in weight of C. idella. Moreover, Ni, Mn, Pb and Cd represented isometric increase whereas Na, K, Zn, Fe and Ca had positive allometry; and Co, Cu, Cr had negative allometry with increase in total length of the fish. Most of inter-elemental relationships showed. Multiple regressions analyses showed positive correlation for Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Na, K, Ca and Ni had highly significant relations with total length and body weight.
{"title":"Evaluation of some Essential and Toxic Metals in farmed Ctenopharyngodonidella in relation to Body Size and Condition Factor","authors":"M. Khalid, M. Naeem, S. Masud, A. Ishtiaq, S. Hassan","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.114","url":null,"abstract":"Basic aim of this research was to determine levels of some metals (Ca, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, Na, Pb Zn) and their relationships to body size and condition factor in the whole body of Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass carp). Concentrations of these elements were assessed in 55 fish samples of different size, randomly collected in January, 2015, from a private fish farm by ICP-OES after wet digestion method. Results of the study showed that analyzed elements were found within normal ranges. Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Na and Zn had highly significant relationships with fish size. Cd, Pb, Cu, K, Mn, Ni, Na, increased isometrically while Cr, Co, Zn, had negative allometric relationship and Fe and Ca showed positive allometric relationship with rise in weight of C. idella. Moreover, Ni, Mn, Pb and Cd represented isometric increase whereas Na, K, Zn, Fe and Ca had positive allometry; and Co, Cu, Cr had negative allometry with increase in total length of the fish. Most of inter-elemental relationships showed. Multiple regressions analyses showed positive correlation for Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Na, K, Ca and Ni had highly significant relations with total length and body weight.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81884016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-10DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.111
M. G. Talpur, M. R. Daudpoto, A. Kakar, M. I. Wassan, A. Shaikh
Increased attention towards substitute water resources has become unavoidable, as the world’s freshwater supply becomes gradually scarcer. Reuse of Greywater is a hopeful alternative water source for non-potable uses, which could be exploited on a continuous basis and treated. Getting average removal% of Total Suspended Solids from greywater through Rotating Biological Contactor following experiment was conducted to evaluate the significance Hydraulic Retention Time with numbers of discs. Consequences reveal that linear as well as quadratic estimate of HRT and number of discs have are highly significant effect as their corresponding p-values are even less than 0.01.By using coefficients of the table the regression equation is Removal = Removal% = -26.74 + 20.14 Time + 1.253 Disc, where the sample standard deviation is 4.82. Lack of fit of the equation is insignificant i.e. 0.155, which implies that the regression equation is fit for prediction. The probability plot of the residuals is roughly straight which demonstrate that errors distributions are around normal. Furthermore, Residual plot shows the linearity assumption appear to be met with constant standard deviations. Histogram of Residuals make obvious normality assumptions as the plot resembles an example of a sample from a normal distribution centered at zero and normally and independently distributed NID (0, σ2) assumptions on errors are accomplished as standardized residuals are approximately normal with mean zero and unit variance.
{"title":"Analysis of Residuals for the Elimination of total Suspended Solids Simulation of wastewater through Rotating Biological Contactor","authors":"M. G. Talpur, M. R. Daudpoto, A. Kakar, M. I. Wassan, A. Shaikh","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.111","url":null,"abstract":"Increased attention towards substitute water resources has become unavoidable, as the world’s freshwater supply becomes gradually scarcer. Reuse of Greywater is a hopeful alternative water source for non-potable uses, which could be exploited on a continuous basis and treated. Getting average removal% of Total Suspended Solids from greywater through Rotating Biological Contactor following experiment was conducted to evaluate the significance Hydraulic Retention Time with numbers of discs. Consequences reveal that linear as well as quadratic estimate of HRT and number of discs have are highly significant effect as their corresponding p-values are even less than 0.01.By using coefficients of the table the regression equation is Removal = Removal% = -26.74 + 20.14 Time + 1.253 Disc, where the sample standard deviation is 4.82. Lack of fit of the equation is insignificant i.e. 0.155, which implies that the regression equation is fit for prediction. The probability plot of the residuals is roughly straight which demonstrate that errors distributions are around normal. Furthermore, Residual plot shows the linearity assumption appear to be met with constant standard deviations. Histogram of Residuals make obvious normality assumptions as the plot resembles an example of a sample from a normal distribution centered at zero and normally and independently distributed NID (0, σ2) assumptions on errors are accomplished as standardized residuals are approximately normal with mean zero and unit variance.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84526579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-10DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.115
U. K. Qureshi, A. Pirzada, I. A. Bozdar, M. Memon
Various iterated methods have been recommended to solve nonlinear equations. This study is suggesting a Numerical Method for solving nonlinear problems. This Numerical method has order of convergence is two, and it is derived from Taylor series expansions and Adomian’s decomposition technique. Numerous numerical illustrations to demonstrate the competence of the proposed method by the Assessment of Steffensen method and Newton Raphson Method.
{"title":"Numerical Second Order Method of Numerical Techniques for Solving Nonlinear Equations","authors":"U. K. Qureshi, A. Pirzada, I. A. Bozdar, M. Memon","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.115","url":null,"abstract":"Various iterated methods have been recommended to solve nonlinear equations. This study is suggesting a Numerical Method for solving nonlinear problems. This Numerical method has order of convergence is two, and it is derived from Taylor series expansions and Adomian’s decomposition technique. Numerous numerical illustrations to demonstrate the competence of the proposed method by the Assessment of Steffensen method and Newton Raphson Method.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86898642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-10DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.113
G. M. Lakho, I. Khatri, M. A. Rustamani, Z. Ahmed
The taxonomic study of ants is neglected and poorly investigated from Pakistan but has rich ant fauna, most of the part has been studied before the creation of Pakistan during British Rule including; Bingham (1897), Forel, 1904, Manozi 1939, Eidmann, 1942, Later an expedition undertaken by Brown, (1955) in Baluchistan and Sindh Provinces. Haji (2008) worked on house hold ants of Karachi, Pakistan. More recently Umair et al. 2010 described the ants from Potohar plateau of Punjab Pakistan and Ahmed et al. (2013) provided description on ants of Quetta, Baluchistan. Further, The study is based on comprehensive review of literature, collection and study from throughout country, Author prepare first checklist of ants of Pakistan it is updated with Eight_subfamilies; Dolichoderinae, Dorylinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Proceratiinae Pseudomyrmecinae, Leptanillinae , Ponerinae 43 genera and 134 species.
{"title":"Taxonomic History of Formicidae Hymenoptera Pakistan","authors":"G. M. Lakho, I. Khatri, M. A. Rustamani, Z. Ahmed","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.113","url":null,"abstract":"The taxonomic study of ants is neglected and poorly investigated from Pakistan but has rich ant fauna, most of the part has been studied before the creation of Pakistan during British Rule including; Bingham (1897), Forel, 1904, Manozi 1939, Eidmann, 1942, Later an expedition undertaken by Brown, (1955) in Baluchistan and Sindh Provinces. Haji (2008) worked on house hold ants of Karachi, Pakistan. More recently Umair et al. 2010 described the ants from Potohar plateau of Punjab Pakistan and Ahmed et al. (2013) provided description on ants of Quetta, Baluchistan. Further, The study is based on comprehensive review of literature, collection and study from throughout country, Author prepare first checklist of ants of Pakistan it is updated with Eight_subfamilies; Dolichoderinae, Dorylinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Proceratiinae Pseudomyrmecinae, Leptanillinae , Ponerinae 43 genera and 134 species.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75843195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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