Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.110
A. Chughtai, H. Abbasi, S. K. Siddiqui
National Park area is a natural reserve with an outstanding beauty having rich biodiversity, natural eco-system and sustainable environment is a gift from nature to conserve. It is extremely important to monitor the sustainability of National Park by extracting land use land cover change information over the period of time using satellite imagery which is the main application of change detection. The aim of this research study is to assess the land use land cover change at Khirthar National Park by acquiring multispectral Land sat satellite imagery to detect decadal information from 1992 to 2019 using supervised classification Maximum Likelihood classifier. The Land sat satellite data used in this research study was almost of the summer season to assess land use land cover change using supervised classification Maximum Likelihood Classifier and results showed increasing trend in agriculture while decreasing trend in natural vegetation at Khirthar National Park which is a clear indication of increasing anthropogenic activities. The supervised classification Maximum Likelihood Algorithm used to detect land use land cover change at Khirthar National Park results overall accuracy in the year 1992, 2000, 2010 and 2019 was 99.7446%, 99.4536%, 99.6495% and 96.7530% while the kappa statistics results achieved in the year 1992, 2000, 2010 and 2019 was 0.9951, 0.9879, 0.9648 and 0.9503. These increasing human activities will not only disturbs the ecology of National Park but also will impact on the local flora and fauna of the park, therefore it is highly recommended to prevent further loss of biodiversity, natural eco-system and the sustainable management for such natural heritage.
{"title":"Environmental Assessment of Land Use Land Cover Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case Study of Khirthar National Park","authors":"A. Chughtai, H. Abbasi, S. K. Siddiqui","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.110","url":null,"abstract":"National Park area is a natural reserve with an outstanding beauty having rich biodiversity, natural eco-system and sustainable environment is a gift from nature to conserve. It is extremely important to monitor the sustainability of National Park by extracting land use land cover change information over the period of time using satellite imagery which is the main application of change detection. The aim of this research study is to assess the land use land cover change at Khirthar National Park by acquiring multispectral Land sat satellite imagery to detect decadal information from 1992 to 2019 using supervised classification Maximum Likelihood classifier. The Land sat satellite data used in this research study was almost of the summer season to assess land use land cover change using supervised classification Maximum Likelihood Classifier and results showed increasing trend in agriculture while decreasing trend in natural vegetation at Khirthar National Park which is a clear indication of increasing anthropogenic activities. The supervised classification Maximum Likelihood Algorithm used to detect land use land cover change at Khirthar National Park results overall accuracy in the year 1992, 2000, 2010 and 2019 was 99.7446%, 99.4536%, 99.6495% and 96.7530% while the kappa statistics results achieved in the year 1992, 2000, 2010 and 2019 was 0.9951, 0.9879, 0.9648 and 0.9503. These increasing human activities will not only disturbs the ecology of National Park but also will impact on the local flora and fauna of the park, therefore it is highly recommended to prevent further loss of biodiversity, natural eco-system and the sustainable management for such natural heritage.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75008634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.104
M. H. Rind, M. Rathi, A. Hashmani, A. A. Lashari
Power distribution system having various buses, branches and loads that ultimately rises the power losses and from few decades, integration of solar and wind distributed generations has ever increased attention in radial distribution network (RDN). The main reason for DG integration in radial distribution system is increased load growth, transmission line loading, deregulated power system, power losses, increased greenhouse gas emissions, voltage drop and increased reliability issues in RDN. The main focus of this paper is to find optimal size and site of solar PV to improve voltage at all the nodes with in permissible limits and to reduce power losses in RDN using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Here two scenarios were considered. Scenario one was the integration of 1DG and second scenario was the integration of 2DGs. Furthermore, Results obtained shows that greater number of DG integration increases the system reliability, reduces losses and improves voltage at all the nodes of the RDN.
{"title":"Optimal placement and sizing of DG in Radial Distribution System using PSO Technique","authors":"M. H. Rind, M. Rathi, A. Hashmani, A. A. Lashari","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.104","url":null,"abstract":"Power distribution system having various buses, branches and loads that ultimately rises the power losses and from few decades, integration of solar and wind distributed generations has ever increased attention in radial distribution network (RDN). The main reason for DG integration in radial distribution system is increased load growth, transmission line loading, deregulated power system, power losses, increased greenhouse gas emissions, voltage drop and increased reliability issues in RDN. The main focus of this paper is to find optimal size and site of solar PV to improve voltage at all the nodes with in permissible limits and to reduce power losses in RDN using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Here two scenarios were considered. Scenario one was the integration of 1DG and second scenario was the integration of 2DGs. Furthermore, Results obtained shows that greater number of DG integration increases the system reliability, reduces losses and improves voltage at all the nodes of the RDN.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83449418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.103
F. Ismail
: The azoles are the most widely used antifungal drugs. Their target ERG-11 and its downstream protein ERG-5 play significant roles in resistance to the azoles. Both of them belong to the cytochrome P450 family proteins. Except them, there are many other P450 family proteins, but their contribution to fungal drug-resistance is not clear. In this research, we analyzed the effects of cytochrome P450 family proteins on fungal drug-resistance to azoles using the model filamentous fungus N. crassa as research material. Through the azole susceptibility test to the knockout mutants of 18 P450 family proteins including ERG-5, we found that the other 17 P450 family proteins except ERG-5, have the similar susceptibility to azole drugs to the wild-type. Furthermore, we determined the sensitivity of these knockout mutants to benzoic acid, and screened a sensitive mutant to that drug. The corresponding gene (NCU08128) encodes a phenyl-4-monooxygenase.We further analyzed the possible mechanism of the sensitivity of this gene to benzoic acid. We confirmed the roles of the other cytochrome P450 family proteins except ERG-11 and ERG-5in fungal resistance to azole drugs, using the model filamentous fungus N. crassaas research material. The above researches enriched the drug resistance mechanism of filamentous fungi and provided new targets for the development of novel antifungal drugs.
{"title":"The Regulatory Mechanism of Cytochrome P450 Family Proteins under Azole Resistance in Neurospora Crassa","authors":"F. Ismail","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.103","url":null,"abstract":": The azoles are the most widely used antifungal drugs. Their target ERG-11 and its downstream protein ERG-5 play significant roles in resistance to the azoles. Both of them belong to the cytochrome P450 family proteins. Except them, there are many other P450 family proteins, but their contribution to fungal drug-resistance is not clear. In this research, we analyzed the effects of cytochrome P450 family proteins on fungal drug-resistance to azoles using the model filamentous fungus N. crassa as research material. Through the azole susceptibility test to the knockout mutants of 18 P450 family proteins including ERG-5, we found that the other 17 P450 family proteins except ERG-5, have the similar susceptibility to azole drugs to the wild-type. Furthermore, we determined the sensitivity of these knockout mutants to benzoic acid, and screened a sensitive mutant to that drug. The corresponding gene (NCU08128) encodes a phenyl-4-monooxygenase.We further analyzed the possible mechanism of the sensitivity of this gene to benzoic acid. We confirmed the roles of the other cytochrome P450 family proteins except ERG-11 and ERG-5in fungal resistance to azole drugs, using the model filamentous fungus N. crassaas research material. The above researches enriched the drug resistance mechanism of filamentous fungi and provided new targets for the development of novel antifungal drugs.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85860296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.96
F. Soomro, R. Sultana, F. Soomro, Z. Memon
Family Tenebrionidae has great economic importance as it contains insect pest that are cosmopolitan in nature and most imperatively are associated with stored products. Darkling beetles are a large group of insects that belong to the family Tenebrionidae and affect the stored products. At the present 03 sub-families namely: Stinochinae, Tenebrioninae and Pimeliinae were reported. During this survey a total number of 300 specimens were collected and sorted out into 10 species i.e. Promethissemiculcata (Fairmaire, 1882), Promethiscoracina (Knoch, 1801), Promethispunctulator (Fairmaire, 1883), Strongyliumforcipicullis (Fairmaire, 1900), Uloma excise (Gebien, 1913), Triboliummolitor (Linnaeus 1758), Alphitobiuslaevigatus (Fabricius 1781), Gonocephalumhispidocustatum (Fairmaire, 1883), Trachydermahispida (Forskal, 1775), Pimeliacapito (Krynicky 1832). However, Trachydermahispida (Forskal.1775) Pimeliacapito (Krynicky 1832) were captured for the first time they are new records for this region in this paper their detail account was presented along with photographs.
{"title":"The first two Records of Darkling Beetles (Tenebrionidae: Coleoptera)) from Lower Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"F. Soomro, R. Sultana, F. Soomro, Z. Memon","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.96","url":null,"abstract":"Family Tenebrionidae has great economic importance as it contains insect pest that are cosmopolitan in nature and most imperatively are associated with stored products. Darkling beetles are a large group of insects that belong to the family Tenebrionidae and affect the stored products. At the present 03 sub-families namely: Stinochinae, Tenebrioninae and Pimeliinae were reported. During this survey a total number of 300 specimens were collected and sorted out into 10 species i.e. Promethissemiculcata (Fairmaire, 1882), Promethiscoracina (Knoch, 1801), Promethispunctulator (Fairmaire, 1883), Strongyliumforcipicullis (Fairmaire, 1900), Uloma excise (Gebien, 1913), Triboliummolitor (Linnaeus 1758), Alphitobiuslaevigatus (Fabricius 1781), Gonocephalumhispidocustatum (Fairmaire, 1883), Trachydermahispida (Forskal, 1775), Pimeliacapito (Krynicky 1832). However, Trachydermahispida (Forskal.1775) Pimeliacapito (Krynicky 1832) were captured for the first time they are new records for this region in this paper their detail account was presented along with photographs.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88218558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.100
A. Burdi, S. Awan, A. A. Khan, F. Abbasi, S. H. F. Naqvi, A. Nizamani
Nowadays, the rapid enhancement in the field of Computer Sciences, especially the emerging technology like Augmented Reality (AR)which turns the direction toward itself, but at the same time it gains attention of world researchers regarding critical challenges appear in multiple situations. Augmented totally out of the box of virtual reality, basically it creates a platform where digital information and reality collaborate with same platform, where super imposed imaginary objects turn up in the real-world environment. In this repaper, we investigate the vast history, challenges arise in different environment, crucial mechanism & approaches for the development, application, status, and future of AR in upcoming couple of years.
{"title":"Challenges in Augmented Reality: An Empirical Analysis","authors":"A. Burdi, S. Awan, A. A. Khan, F. Abbasi, S. H. F. Naqvi, A. Nizamani","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.100","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the rapid enhancement in the field of Computer Sciences, especially the emerging technology like Augmented Reality (AR)which turns the direction toward itself, but at the same time it gains attention of world researchers regarding critical challenges appear in multiple situations. Augmented totally out of the box of virtual reality, basically it creates a platform where digital information and reality collaborate with same platform, where super imposed imaginary objects turn up in the real-world environment. In this repaper, we investigate the vast history, challenges arise in different environment, crucial mechanism & approaches for the development, application, status, and future of AR in upcoming couple of years.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74932079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.105
A. A.Wagan, M.Zardari, R. Shah, A. I.Umrani, A. Laghari
The internet data traffic is rapidly increases by twofold or even more in the near future. Most of the data traffic are generated from mobile devices. Due to this explosion of data traffic, existing network architecture is incapable in handling such a massive data traffic. The Network Mobility Basic Support Protocol (NEMO-BSP) is an extended version of Mobile Internet Protocol (MIPv6) that is designed to support seamless communications between homogenous and heterogeneous network domains. But NEMO-BSP is suffer very high binding and tunnel cost. The Proxy Mobility Scheme Protocol (PMIPv6) was developed to overcome issues of binding and tunnel cost. There have been many attempts to reduce the binding and tunnel cost. In this research work a multipath mobile IP protocol is designed that divides data packets on multiple paths (data packers on multiple sub-flows) without tunnel formation in the mobile network environment. the Multiple Mobile Internet Protocol Scheme (MMIPS). The network is divided into domain zones called intra-domain and inter-domain zones. The proposed protocol is aimed to remove the tunnel burden and reduce the packet size which significantly reduce the binding and tunnel cost. An analytical result are show that the proposed scheme binding and packet cost is less than compared schemes.
{"title":"Multipath Mobile Internet Protocol for Mobility Networks","authors":"A. A.Wagan, M.Zardari, R. Shah, A. I.Umrani, A. Laghari","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.105","url":null,"abstract":"The internet data traffic is rapidly increases by twofold or even more in the near future. Most of the data traffic are generated from mobile devices. Due to this explosion of data traffic, existing network architecture is incapable in handling such a massive data traffic. The Network Mobility Basic Support Protocol (NEMO-BSP) is an extended version of Mobile Internet Protocol (MIPv6) that is designed to support seamless communications between homogenous and heterogeneous network domains. But NEMO-BSP is suffer very high binding and tunnel cost. The Proxy Mobility Scheme Protocol (PMIPv6) was developed to overcome issues of binding and tunnel cost. There have been many attempts to reduce the binding and tunnel cost. In this research work a multipath mobile IP protocol is designed that divides data packets on multiple paths (data packers on multiple sub-flows) without tunnel formation in the mobile network environment. the Multiple Mobile Internet Protocol Scheme (MMIPS). The network is divided into domain zones called intra-domain and inter-domain zones. The proposed protocol is aimed to remove the tunnel burden and reduce the packet size which significantly reduce the binding and tunnel cost. An analytical result are show that the proposed scheme binding and packet cost is less than compared schemes.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77123071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.91
Q. Shah, A. B. Ganghro, A. R. Abbasi, A. H. Lanjwani, A. Bibi
In this study the level of nutritional status of postmenopausal women was assessed. The data was collected from the participants on pretested semi structured questionnaire. A total of 264subjects of age 40 to 90 years were randomly selected and anthropometric measurements of the samples such as height and weight were measured for the calculation of Body Mass Index(BMI), while hip and waist were measured for calculation of Hip –Waist Ratio. History and clinical assessment was noted. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used for the entry and analysis of the data. The mean age was found to be 57 ± 10.797 years and mean BMI was determined to be 29.570 ± 6.4226.Mean Hip and waist ratio was calculated as 1.071± 0.1361. A significant correlation between Hip-waist ratio, BMI, Waist circumference and height in meter square were calculated in the selected samples. The high prevalence of obesity and overweight are suggested in the current study. The provided evidences can be used for supporting to establishment and implementation of prevention further increase in obesity and related diseases and disorders.
在这项研究中，评估了绝经后妇女的营养状况。数据收集自参与者预测的半结构化问卷。随机选取年龄在40 ~ 90岁之间的受试者264人，测量身高、体重等人体测量数据，计算BMI (Body Mass Index)，测量臀腰，计算臀腰比。记录病史和临床评估。使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)版本21进行数据的输入和分析。平均年龄为57±10.797岁，平均BMI为29.570±6.4226。平均臀腰比为1.071±0.1361。在选取的样本中计算臀腰比、BMI、腰围和平方米身高之间的显著相关。目前的研究表明，肥胖和超重的患病率较高。所提供的证据可用于支持建立和实施预防肥胖和相关疾病和障碍的进一步增加。
{"title":"Determination of Nutritional Status of Postmenopausal Women","authors":"Q. Shah, A. B. Ganghro, A. R. Abbasi, A. H. Lanjwani, A. Bibi","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.91","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the level of nutritional status of postmenopausal women was assessed. The data was collected from the participants on pretested semi structured questionnaire. A total of 264subjects of age 40 to 90 years were randomly selected and anthropometric measurements of the samples such as height and weight were measured for the calculation of Body Mass Index(BMI), while hip and waist were measured for calculation of Hip –Waist Ratio. History and clinical assessment was noted. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used for the entry and analysis of the data. The mean age was found to be 57 ± 10.797 years and mean BMI was determined to be 29.570 ± 6.4226.Mean Hip and waist ratio was calculated as 1.071± 0.1361. A significant correlation between Hip-waist ratio, BMI, Waist circumference and height in meter square were calculated in the selected samples. The high prevalence of obesity and overweight are suggested in the current study. The provided evidences can be used for supporting to establishment and implementation of prevention further increase in obesity and related diseases and disorders.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77444185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.107
M. Naseem, S. S. Zia, T. J. A. Mughal, U. Yousuf, Muhammad Sadiq Ali Khan
Requirement engineering is a process in pursuit to develop a software system that can recognize, evaluate, manuscript and legalized its necessitates. Recent studies have promoted the concept of software development using agile software approaches. Several techniques have been adopted to introduce a software that is proficient enough to meet the customer requirements. This quick agile alteration requires an organization to be improved on continuous basis in their approaches to develop Requirement Engineering software. These agile alterations are beneficial due to its minimum cost strategy of change through software process. In case the project is poorly managed and the cost ratio over it is high it could mess up the entire project and the system showed its failure and problems stays remain. This work introduces a strengthen approach that concentrates on requirements and related information so as to limit and mitigate the effects of change in an agile process based on the identified challenges associated to agile development.
{"title":"Process of Requirement Mining Using Agile Technique","authors":"M. Naseem, S. S. Zia, T. J. A. Mughal, U. Yousuf, Muhammad Sadiq Ali Khan","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.107","url":null,"abstract":"Requirement engineering is a process in pursuit to develop a software system that can recognize, evaluate, manuscript and legalized its necessitates. Recent studies have promoted the concept of software development using agile software approaches. Several techniques have been adopted to introduce a software that is proficient enough to meet the customer requirements. This quick agile alteration requires an organization to be improved on continuous basis in their approaches to develop Requirement Engineering software. These agile alterations are beneficial due to its minimum cost strategy of change through software process. In case the project is poorly managed and the cost ratio over it is high it could mess up the entire project and the system showed its failure and problems stays remain. This work introduces a strengthen approach that concentrates on requirements and related information so as to limit and mitigate the effects of change in an agile process based on the identified challenges associated to agile development.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77767379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.92
N. Kumari, C. Das, P. Goswami, K. Bai, F. Rajpar
Objective: Evaluation of the frequency of antimicrobial drug resistance in Salmonella typhiamong children of rural Sindh. Study Design: Cross sectional / observational study Place and Duration: At Department of Pediatric medicine Civil Hospital Mirpurkhas, Sindh from January 2019 to July 2019 Methodology: With approval of ethical committee and informed consent from parents/attendant blood samples (5ml) of 55 children with age between 0 to 15 years are obtained at outpatient department (OPD) or admitted in the ward with suspected enteric fever. The blood samples were used to obtain bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity was performed at diagnostic and research laboratory (DRC) of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS). Blood culture and Antibiotic Susceptibility testing was performed according to standard protocol of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Among study population (n=55), 32 (58.2% were in age group 0 to 5 years, 20(36.4%) in age group of 6 to 10 years while only 3(5.5%) were in the age group of 11 to 15 years.While regarding gender,29(52.7%) were male while 26(36.4%) were females. S. typhi exhibited high resistance against ampicillin (93% n=51) and cotrimazole-trimethoprim (91%n= 50). About 82% (n=46) of culture was observed resistant to ciprofloxacin, whereas 84% (n=46) showed resistance to ceftriaxone, 84% (n=46) were resistant to cefixime. Out of these 55, 45(82%) showed antimicrobial sensitivity to meropenem, 34 (62%) to azithromycin, 10(18%) to ciprofloxacin, 09 (16%) to cefixime and ceftriaxone each, while only 05 patients showed sensitivity to (9%) to cotrimazole-trimethoprim and 04(7%) to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Conclusion: Multiple drug resistance in S. typhiis high alert situation in our setup and needs prompt initiatives to combat.
{"title":"Acute rise in Multiple Drug Resistance Typhoid fever in Children in Rural Sindh: an Alarming Situation","authors":"N. Kumari, C. Das, P. Goswami, K. Bai, F. Rajpar","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.12.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.12.92","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Evaluation of the frequency of antimicrobial drug resistance in Salmonella typhiamong children of rural Sindh. \u0000Study Design: Cross sectional / observational study Place and Duration: At Department of Pediatric medicine Civil Hospital Mirpurkhas, Sindh from January 2019 to July 2019 \u0000Methodology: With approval of ethical committee and informed consent from parents/attendant blood samples (5ml) of 55 children with age between 0 to 15 years are obtained at outpatient department (OPD) or admitted in the ward with suspected enteric fever. The blood samples were used to obtain bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity was performed at diagnostic and research laboratory (DRC) of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS). Blood culture and Antibiotic Susceptibility testing was performed according to standard protocol of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Among study population (n=55), 32 (58.2% were in age group 0 to 5 years, 20(36.4%) in age group of 6 to 10 years while only 3(5.5%) were in the age group of 11 to 15 years.While regarding gender,29(52.7%) were male while 26(36.4%) were females. S. typhi exhibited high resistance against ampicillin (93% n=51) and cotrimazole-trimethoprim (91%n= 50). About 82% (n=46) of culture was observed resistant to ciprofloxacin, whereas 84% (n=46) showed resistance to ceftriaxone, 84% (n=46) were resistant to cefixime. Out of these 55, 45(82%) showed antimicrobial sensitivity to meropenem, 34 (62%) to azithromycin, 10(18%) to ciprofloxacin, 09 (16%) to cefixime and ceftriaxone each, while only 05 patients showed sensitivity to (9%) to cotrimazole-trimethoprim and 04(7%) to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Conclusion: Multiple drug resistance in S. typhiis high alert situation in our setup and needs prompt initiatives to combat.","PeriodicalId":21859,"journal":{"name":"Sindh University Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85162187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.12.97
N. S. Jilani, M. Arain, M. T. Rajput, S. S. Tahir, Abdul Latif Khokhar, F. Shar
A survey of plants used in the traditional popular medicine found in the Rahim Yar Khan district and surrounding areas Punjab, Pakistan, has been conducted. The data of medicinal use of 43 different plant species is provided which can be used to make proposal for the welfare of human beings, which are ecologically sound, economically visible as well as satisfying the needs of the human communities. The present examination region is proposed to think about and archive the medicative plants, their medicinal use, and the customary information utilized every now and again by the inhabitants of the Rahim Yar Khan and Cholistan desert Punjab, Pakistan. The old regional cures of these zones are lessening because of the absence of subjective and mensurable research. The investigation recorded a rundown of different medicative plants utilized as conventional prescriptions by natives. The examination uncovered that the neighborhood individuals of the study zones acquire a rich customary information however there is an extraordinary threat of losing this abundance of information sooner rather than later. Documentation of the information is from Rahim Yar Khan and surrounding areas, Pubjab, Pakistan is remarkable data in its temperament. The investigation shows the undocumented information worth acknowledgment that won't just help in the preservation of therapeutic plant species yet will feature the pharmacological limit with respect to improved human medicinal services in regards to normal afflictions.
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