Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae044
J. Guzzetti, I. Marando, Raymond W. Matthews, Mikaela S Owen, Crystal L Yates, S. Banks
Maritime industries utilize many different watchkeeping schedules to maintain vigilance and crew safety around the clock. These schedules can be fatiguing, negatively impacting vigilant attention. This has led to the consideration of schedules that might allow for more sleep time, but how these schedules impact higher order cognitive function remains unclear. These schedules require assessment with tasks that are relevant to real-world operations on maritime vessels. This study investigated the effect of four schedules on higher order cognitive function. N=27 (16 female) participants were recruited to a 10-day laboratory study, comparing four schedules. The schedules investigated were eight-on/eight-off/four-on/four-off (8/8/4/4) with sleep from 09:30 to 16:00 (Condition A); six-on/six-off (6/6) with sleep from 08:30 to 12:30 and 21:30 to 00:00 (Condition B); four-on/four-off (4/4/4/4/4/4) with sleep from 18:00 to 00:30 (Condition C); and four-on/four-off (4/4/4/4/4/4) with sleep from 01:30 to 08:00 (Condition D). Higher order cognitive function was assessed 2-3x daily whilst “on watch” using tests of visual scanning, learning, working memory, mental flexibility, and visuomotor control. Conditions were ranked and stability of performance on watch was compared between conditions using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Cognitive function within Condition B was ranked the worst for most of the tasks. However, the stability of higher order cognitive function was poorest across the waking day within Condition A. These findings highlight the variability in cognitive capacities during different watchkeeping schedules.
{"title":"Changes in higher order cognitive function between four watchkeeping schedules","authors":"J. Guzzetti, I. Marando, Raymond W. Matthews, Mikaela S Owen, Crystal L Yates, S. Banks","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Maritime industries utilize many different watchkeeping schedules to maintain vigilance and crew safety around the clock. These schedules can be fatiguing, negatively impacting vigilant attention. This has led to the consideration of schedules that might allow for more sleep time, but how these schedules impact higher order cognitive function remains unclear. These schedules require assessment with tasks that are relevant to real-world operations on maritime vessels. This study investigated the effect of four schedules on higher order cognitive function. N=27 (16 female) participants were recruited to a 10-day laboratory study, comparing four schedules. The schedules investigated were eight-on/eight-off/four-on/four-off (8/8/4/4) with sleep from 09:30 to 16:00 (Condition A); six-on/six-off (6/6) with sleep from 08:30 to 12:30 and 21:30 to 00:00 (Condition B); four-on/four-off (4/4/4/4/4/4) with sleep from 18:00 to 00:30 (Condition C); and four-on/four-off (4/4/4/4/4/4) with sleep from 01:30 to 08:00 (Condition D). Higher order cognitive function was assessed 2-3x daily whilst “on watch” using tests of visual scanning, learning, working memory, mental flexibility, and visuomotor control. Conditions were ranked and stability of performance on watch was compared between conditions using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Cognitive function within Condition B was ranked the worst for most of the tasks. However, the stability of higher order cognitive function was poorest across the waking day within Condition A. These findings highlight the variability in cognitive capacities during different watchkeeping schedules.","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae040
Ritchie E. Brown
Sleep occurs in all animals but its amount, form, and timing varies considerably between species and between individuals. Currently, little is known about the basis for these differences, in part because we lack a complete understanding of the brain circuitry controlling sleep-wake states and markers for the cell-types which can identify similar circuits across phylogeny. Here, I explain the utility of an ‘Evo-devo’ approach for comparative studies of sleep regulation and function as well as for sleep medicine. This approach focuses on the regulation of evolutionary ancient transcription factors which act as master controllers of cell-type specification. Studying these developmental transcription factor cascades can identify novel cell clusters which control sleep and wakefulness, reveal the mechanisms which control differences in sleep timing, amount and expression and identify the timepoint in evolution when different sleep-wake control neurons appeared. Spatial transcriptomic studies which identify cell clusters based on transcription factor expression will greatly aid this approach. Conserved developmental pathways regulate sleep in mice, Drosophila and C. Elegans. Members of the LIM Homeobox (Lhx) gene family control the specification of sleep and circadian neurons in the forebrain and hypothalamus. Increased Lhx9 activity may account for increased orexin/hypocretin neurons and reduced sleep in Mexican cavefish. Other transcription factor families specify sleep-wake circuits in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and basal forebrain. Expression of transcription factors allows generation of specific cell-types for transplantation approaches. Furthermore, mutations in developmental transcription factors are linked to variation in sleep duration in humans, risk for restless legs syndrome and sleep-disordered breathing. This paper is part of the Genetic and other molecular underpinnings of sleep, sleep disorders, and circadian rhythms including translational approaches collection.
{"title":"Evo-Devo applied to sleep research: an approach whose time has come","authors":"Ritchie E. Brown","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Sleep occurs in all animals but its amount, form, and timing varies considerably between species and between individuals. Currently, little is known about the basis for these differences, in part because we lack a complete understanding of the brain circuitry controlling sleep-wake states and markers for the cell-types which can identify similar circuits across phylogeny. Here, I explain the utility of an ‘Evo-devo’ approach for comparative studies of sleep regulation and function as well as for sleep medicine. This approach focuses on the regulation of evolutionary ancient transcription factors which act as master controllers of cell-type specification. Studying these developmental transcription factor cascades can identify novel cell clusters which control sleep and wakefulness, reveal the mechanisms which control differences in sleep timing, amount and expression and identify the timepoint in evolution when different sleep-wake control neurons appeared. Spatial transcriptomic studies which identify cell clusters based on transcription factor expression will greatly aid this approach. Conserved developmental pathways regulate sleep in mice, Drosophila and C. Elegans. Members of the LIM Homeobox (Lhx) gene family control the specification of sleep and circadian neurons in the forebrain and hypothalamus. Increased Lhx9 activity may account for increased orexin/hypocretin neurons and reduced sleep in Mexican cavefish. Other transcription factor families specify sleep-wake circuits in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and basal forebrain. Expression of transcription factors allows generation of specific cell-types for transplantation approaches. Furthermore, mutations in developmental transcription factors are linked to variation in sleep duration in humans, risk for restless legs syndrome and sleep-disordered breathing. This paper is part of the Genetic and other molecular underpinnings of sleep, sleep disorders, and circadian rhythms including translational approaches collection.","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":"86 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae035
Sairam Parthasarathy, Najib T Ayas, Richard Bogan, Dennis Hwang, Clete Kushida, Jonathan S Lown, Joseph M Ojile, Imran Patel, Bharati Prasad, David M Rapoport, Patrick Strollo, Oliver M Vanderveken, John Viviano
This perspective on alternatives to Positive Airway Pressure therapy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea summarizes the proceedings of a focus group that was conducted by the Sleep Research Society Foundation. This perspective is from a multi-disciplinary panel of experts from sleep medicine, dental sleep medicine, and otolaryngology that aims to identify the current role of Oral Appliance Therapy and hypoglossal nerve stimulation for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with emphasis on the U.S. practice arena. A secondary aim is to identify – from an implementation science standpoint -- the various barriers and facilitators for adoption of non-PAP treatment that includes access to care, multi-disciplinary expertise, reimbursement, regulatory aspects, current treatment guidelines, health policies and other factors related to delivery of care. The panel has contextualized the review with recent events – such as a large-scale PAP device recall compounded by supply chain woes of the pandemic -- and emerging science in the field of obstructive sleep apnea and offers solutions for multi-disciplinary approaches while identifying knowledge gaps and future research opportunities.
这篇关于治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的气道正压疗法替代方案的观点总结了睡眠研究学会基金会开展的焦点小组会议的讨论情况。该小组由来自睡眠医学、牙科睡眠医学和耳鼻喉科的多学科专家组成，旨在确定口腔矫治器疗法和舌下神经刺激法在治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停方面的当前作用，重点关注美国的实践领域。另一个目的是从实施科学的角度确定采用非 PAP 治疗的各种障碍和促进因素，包括获得护理、多学科专业知识、报销、监管方面、现行治疗指南、卫生政策以及与提供护理相关的其他因素。专家小组结合近期发生的事件--如大规模呼吸机设备召回，以及大流行病造成的供应链困境--和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停领域的新兴科学，对审查内容进行了梳理，并在确定知识差距和未来研究机会的同时，提出了多学科方法的解决方案。
{"title":"Oral Appliance Therapy and Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation as Non-PAP Treatment Alternatives for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Narrative Expert Review","authors":"Sairam Parthasarathy, Najib T Ayas, Richard Bogan, Dennis Hwang, Clete Kushida, Jonathan S Lown, Joseph M Ojile, Imran Patel, Bharati Prasad, David M Rapoport, Patrick Strollo, Oliver M Vanderveken, John Viviano","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This perspective on alternatives to Positive Airway Pressure therapy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea summarizes the proceedings of a focus group that was conducted by the Sleep Research Society Foundation. This perspective is from a multi-disciplinary panel of experts from sleep medicine, dental sleep medicine, and otolaryngology that aims to identify the current role of Oral Appliance Therapy and hypoglossal nerve stimulation for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with emphasis on the U.S. practice arena. A secondary aim is to identify – from an implementation science standpoint -- the various barriers and facilitators for adoption of non-PAP treatment that includes access to care, multi-disciplinary expertise, reimbursement, regulatory aspects, current treatment guidelines, health policies and other factors related to delivery of care. The panel has contextualized the review with recent events – such as a large-scale PAP device recall compounded by supply chain woes of the pandemic -- and emerging science in the field of obstructive sleep apnea and offers solutions for multi-disciplinary approaches while identifying knowledge gaps and future research opportunities.","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141341025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae038
Pooja Rai, Jonas S. Sundarakumar
Sleep is known to be involved in cognitive processes, such as memory encoding and consolidation, and poor sleep is a potential risk factor for dementia. This study aims to investigate the effect of sleep quality on memory functions among middle-aged and older adults from a rural Indian population. Participants were non-demented, rural Indians (≥ 45 years) from an ongoing, prospective, aging cohort study, namely Srinivaspura Aging, NeuroSenescence, and COGnition (SANSCOG) study. Cross-sectional (baseline) data on seven sleep dimensions was obtained using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Memory functions were assessed using immediate recall, delayed recall, name-face association, and semantic association from a culturally validated, computerized, neurocognitive test battery. Linear regression models, unadjusted and adjusted for cognitive status, age, sex, and depression were used to analyze the association between each sleep dimension and the memory tests. A total of 1195 participants, with a mean age of 57.10 years, were included. Out of the seven sleep dimensions of the PSQI, only two dimensions, namely sleep duration and sleep efficiency, were significantly associated with memory functions. In the fully adjusted model, shorter sleep duration was significantly associated with poorer performance in delayed recall, and lesser sleep efficiency was significantly associated with poorer delayed recall and semantic association performance. Specific sleep characteristics appear to influence memory functions in aging Indians well before the onset of dementia. In the backdrop of the non-availability of a definitive treatment for dementia, promptly identifying and addressing these problems could be an effective, community-level strategy for preventing dementia.
{"title":"Shorter sleep duration and lesser sleep efficiency are associated with poorer memory functions among non-demented, middle-aged, and older rural Indians","authors":"Pooja Rai, Jonas S. Sundarakumar","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae038","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Sleep is known to be involved in cognitive processes, such as memory encoding and consolidation, and poor sleep is a potential risk factor for dementia. This study aims to investigate the effect of sleep quality on memory functions among middle-aged and older adults from a rural Indian population.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Participants were non-demented, rural Indians (≥ 45 years) from an ongoing, prospective, aging cohort study, namely Srinivaspura Aging, NeuroSenescence, and COGnition (SANSCOG) study. Cross-sectional (baseline) data on seven sleep dimensions was obtained using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Memory functions were assessed using immediate recall, delayed recall, name-face association, and semantic association from a culturally validated, computerized, neurocognitive test battery. Linear regression models, unadjusted and adjusted for cognitive status, age, sex, and depression were used to analyze the association between each sleep dimension and the memory tests.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 1195 participants, with a mean age of 57.10 years, were included. Out of the seven sleep dimensions of the PSQI, only two dimensions, namely sleep duration and sleep efficiency, were significantly associated with memory functions. In the fully adjusted model, shorter sleep duration was significantly associated with poorer performance in delayed recall, and lesser sleep efficiency was significantly associated with poorer delayed recall and semantic association performance.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Specific sleep characteristics appear to influence memory functions in aging Indians well before the onset of dementia. In the backdrop of the non-availability of a definitive treatment for dementia, promptly identifying and addressing these problems could be an effective, community-level strategy for preventing dementia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":"49 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae037
C. Imes, Christopher E. Kline, Sanjay R Patel, Susan M. Sereika, Daniel J Buysse, Allison G. Harvey, Lora E Burke
This single-arm, mixed-methods, pilot study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an adapted version of the Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C) on multidimensional sleep health (MDSH) in a sample of adults with excess weight and suboptimal sleep health. Participants received up to eight, weekly, remotely-delivered, tailored TranS-C sessions. At pre- and post-intervention, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and 7 days of Fitbit data were used to evaluate changes in sleep dimensions (regularity, alertness, timing, satisfaction, duration, efficiency) and the composite MDSH score. Study feasibility examined recruitment, data collection, and intervention engagement (completion of core TranS-C sessions). Acceptability of the intervention was assessed with semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using thematic analysis. From 85 referrals, 11 individuals were eligible, and 10 completed the study. All intervention participants completed the measures needed to calculate their composite MDSH score and completed the core intervention sessions. Themes from interviews support the intervention’s remote delivery approach, applicability of the information provided, and impact on self-reported health. The intervention resulted in a large improvement in the mean composite MDSH score (Cohen’s d=1.17). Small to large effects were also observed for individual sleep health dimensions except for timing. Adapted TranS-C is acceptable for adults with excess weight and suboptimal sleep health and may be effective at improving short-term MDSH. With changes to recruitment methods, a larger study is feasible. Limitations include the small sample size and the lack of a control condition.
{"title":"An adapted transdiagnostic sleep and circadian intervention (TranS-C) for adults with excess weight and suboptimal sleep health: Pilot study results","authors":"C. Imes, Christopher E. Kline, Sanjay R Patel, Susan M. Sereika, Daniel J Buysse, Allison G. Harvey, Lora E Burke","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae037","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This single-arm, mixed-methods, pilot study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an adapted version of the Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C) on multidimensional sleep health (MDSH) in a sample of adults with excess weight and suboptimal sleep health.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Participants received up to eight, weekly, remotely-delivered, tailored TranS-C sessions. At pre- and post-intervention, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and 7 days of Fitbit data were used to evaluate changes in sleep dimensions (regularity, alertness, timing, satisfaction, duration, efficiency) and the composite MDSH score. Study feasibility examined recruitment, data collection, and intervention engagement (completion of core TranS-C sessions). Acceptability of the intervention was assessed with semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using thematic analysis.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 From 85 referrals, 11 individuals were eligible, and 10 completed the study. All intervention participants completed the measures needed to calculate their composite MDSH score and completed the core intervention sessions. Themes from interviews support the intervention’s remote delivery approach, applicability of the information provided, and impact on self-reported health. The intervention resulted in a large improvement in the mean composite MDSH score (Cohen’s d=1.17). Small to large effects were also observed for individual sleep health dimensions except for timing.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Adapted TranS-C is acceptable for adults with excess weight and suboptimal sleep health and may be effective at improving short-term MDSH. With changes to recruitment methods, a larger study is feasible. Limitations include the small sample size and the lack of a control condition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae033
Bertha Nachelly Orozco González, Nidia Rodriguez Plascencia, J. A. Palma Zapata, A. E. Llamas Domínguez, Jesús Sacramento Rodríguez González, Juan Manuel Diaz, S. D. Ponce-Campos
Obesity is a global health concern that has been increasing over the years, and it is associated with several pathophysiological changes affecting the respiratory system, including alveolar hypoventilation. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is one of the six subtypes of sleep-hypoventilation disorders. It is defined as the presence of obesity, chronic alveolar hypoventilation leading to daytime hypercapnia and hypoxia, and sleep-disordered breathing. The existence of a sleep disorder is one of the characteristics that patients with OHS present. Among them, 90% of patients have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and the remaining 10% of patients with OHS have non-obstructive sleep hypoventilation without OSA or with mild OSA. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological and pathophysiological impact of obesity hypoventilation syndrome and to highlight its clinical features, prognosis, and severity, as well as the available treatment options.
肥胖是一个全球关注的健康问题，其发病率逐年上升，与影响呼吸系统的多种病理生理变化有关，包括肺泡通气不足。肥胖低通气综合征（OHS）是睡眠低通气障碍的六个亚型之一。其定义为肥胖、慢性肺泡通气不足导致白天高碳酸血症和缺氧以及睡眠呼吸障碍。存在睡眠障碍是 OHS 患者的特征之一。其中，90%的患者患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA），其余 10%的 OHS 患者患有非阻塞性睡眠低通气，但不伴有 OSA 或伴有轻度 OSA。本综述旨在全面了解肥胖低通气综合征的流行病学和病理生理学影响，并重点介绍其临床特征、预后和严重程度，以及现有的治疗方案。
{"title":"Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome, Literature Review","authors":"Bertha Nachelly Orozco González, Nidia Rodriguez Plascencia, J. A. Palma Zapata, A. E. Llamas Domínguez, Jesús Sacramento Rodríguez González, Juan Manuel Diaz, S. D. Ponce-Campos","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Obesity is a global health concern that has been increasing over the years, and it is associated with several pathophysiological changes affecting the respiratory system, including alveolar hypoventilation. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is one of the six subtypes of sleep-hypoventilation disorders. It is defined as the presence of obesity, chronic alveolar hypoventilation leading to daytime hypercapnia and hypoxia, and sleep-disordered breathing. The existence of a sleep disorder is one of the characteristics that patients with OHS present. Among them, 90% of patients have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and the remaining 10% of patients with OHS have non-obstructive sleep hypoventilation without OSA or with mild OSA. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological and pathophysiological impact of obesity hypoventilation syndrome and to highlight its clinical features, prognosis, and severity, as well as the available treatment options.","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae031
Zia Hashim, Mansi Gupta, Z. Neyaz, Shivani Srivastava, V. Mani, Alok Nath, Ahmad Raza Khan
Studies have indicated that sleep abnormalities are a strong risk factor for developing cognitive impairment, cardiomyopathies, and neurodegenerative disorders. However, neuroimaging modalities are unable to show any consistent markers in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. We hypothesized that, compared with those of the control cohort, advanced diffusion MRI metrics could show subtle microstructural alterations in the brains of OSA patients. Sixteen newly diagnosed patients with moderate to severe OSA and 15 healthy volunteers of the same age and sex were considered healthy controls. Multishell diffusion MRI data of the brain, along with anatomical data (T1 and T2 images), were obtained on a 3T MRI system (Siemens, Germany) after a polysomnography (PSG) test for sleep abnormalities and a behavioral test battery to evaluate cognitive and executive brain functions. Diffusion MRI data were used to compute diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) parameters along with white-matter tract integrity (WMTI) metrics for only parallel white-matter fibers. OSA was diagnosed when the patient's AHI was ≥15. No significant changes in cognitive or executive functions were observed in the OSA cohort. DKI parameters can show significant microstructural alterations in the white-matter region, while the WMTI metric, the axonal-water-fraction (fp), reveals a significant decrease in OSA patients concerning the control cohort. Advanced diffusion MRI-based microstructural alterations in the white-matter region of the brain suggest that white-matter tracts are more sensitive to OSA-induced intermittent hypoxia.
研究表明，睡眠异常是导致认知障碍、心肌病和神经退行性疾病的一个重要风险因素。然而，神经影像学模式无法在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者中显示出任何一致的标记物。我们假设，与对照组相比，先进的弥散核磁共振成像指标能显示出 OSA 患者大脑中细微的微观结构改变。 16名新确诊的中重度OSA患者和15名同年龄、同性别的健康志愿者被视为健康对照组。在进行多导睡眠图（PSG）测试以检测睡眠异常和行为测试以评估大脑的认知和执行功能后，在 3T 磁共振成像系统（德国西门子公司）上获取了大脑的多壳弥散磁共振成像数据以及解剖学数据（T1 和 T2 图像）。弥散核磁共振成像数据用于计算弥散张量成像（DTI）和弥散峰度成像（DKI）参数，以及仅针对平行白质纤维的白质束完整性（WMTI）指标。 当患者的 AHI≥15 时，即可诊断为 OSA。在 OSA 组群中未观察到认知或执行功能的明显变化。DKI参数可显示白质区域的显著微结构改变，而WMTI指标--轴索-水分量（fp）显示，OSA患者的轴索-水分量比对照组显著减少。 基于高级弥散核磁共振成像的大脑白色物质区域微结构改变表明，白色物质束对OSA引起的间歇性缺氧更为敏感。
{"title":"Biophysical modeling and diffusion kurtosis imaging reveal microstructural alterations in normal appearing white matter regions of brain in obstructive sleep apnea","authors":"Zia Hashim, Mansi Gupta, Z. Neyaz, Shivani Srivastava, V. Mani, Alok Nath, Ahmad Raza Khan","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Studies have indicated that sleep abnormalities are a strong risk factor for developing cognitive impairment, cardiomyopathies, and neurodegenerative disorders. However, neuroimaging modalities are unable to show any consistent markers in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. We hypothesized that, compared with those of the control cohort, advanced diffusion MRI metrics could show subtle microstructural alterations in the brains of OSA patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Sixteen newly diagnosed patients with moderate to severe OSA and 15 healthy volunteers of the same age and sex were considered healthy controls. Multishell diffusion MRI data of the brain, along with anatomical data (T1 and T2 images), were obtained on a 3T MRI system (Siemens, Germany) after a polysomnography (PSG) test for sleep abnormalities and a behavioral test battery to evaluate cognitive and executive brain functions. Diffusion MRI data were used to compute diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) parameters along with white-matter tract integrity (WMTI) metrics for only parallel white-matter fibers.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 OSA was diagnosed when the patient's AHI was ≥15. No significant changes in cognitive or executive functions were observed in the OSA cohort. DKI parameters can show significant microstructural alterations in the white-matter region, while the WMTI metric, the axonal-water-fraction (fp), reveals a significant decrease in OSA patients concerning the control cohort.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Advanced diffusion MRI-based microstructural alterations in the white-matter region of the brain suggest that white-matter tracts are more sensitive to OSA-induced intermittent hypoxia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae030
Krista P Woodward, Lily Bistline, Erin Vermette, Marianna Carlucci, Stephanie J Crowley, Dylan B Jackson, Amy R Wolfson
Little is known about sleep health among staff in the US juvenile justice system. Poor sleep health is associated with negative mental and physical health, which may impact daily interactions and treatment of detained youth. The current study explored sleep-wake patterns and sleep health knowledge of Department of Juvenile Services (DJS) staff in Maryland (MD). Department of Juvenile Services Staff (N=218) were invited to complete a survey that queried staff on their own sleep-wake patterns, job role and schedule, and knowledge of youth sleep needs. Descriptive analyses and multivariate analyses of variance (MANCOVA) were conducted to summarize workers’ sleep-wake patterns and examine differences by staff position and schedule. 51% of staff served as residential advisors (RAs) who directly supervise the youth. Just over half (55%) worked in detention and 45% in treatment facilities. Staff reported sleeping 7.24 hours (SD=4.10) on workdays and 8.59 hours (SD=2.69) on non-workdays. RA staff working night/rotating versus day shifts reported the most sleep irregularity with larger weekend oversleep times. A little more than half of the staff (53.9%) were knowledgeable regarding youth sleep health with differences by position type. Findings show that DJS staff are meeting recommended sleep duration guidelines but are still experiencing sleep schedule and time in bed irregularity. Knowledge variability of youth sleep health across staff may necessitate focused educational programming. Overall, this study may inform future development and prioritization of sleep and circadian health interventions and educational campaigns for staff who work with detained juveniles.
{"title":"A Descriptive Study of Sleep Patterns and Knowledge among Department of Juvenile Services Staff","authors":"Krista P Woodward, Lily Bistline, Erin Vermette, Marianna Carlucci, Stephanie J Crowley, Dylan B Jackson, Amy R Wolfson","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae030","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Little is known about sleep health among staff in the US juvenile justice system. Poor sleep health is associated with negative mental and physical health, which may impact daily interactions and treatment of detained youth. The current study explored sleep-wake patterns and sleep health knowledge of Department of Juvenile Services (DJS) staff in Maryland (MD).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Department of Juvenile Services Staff (N=218) were invited to complete a survey that queried staff on their own sleep-wake patterns, job role and schedule, and knowledge of youth sleep needs. Descriptive analyses and multivariate analyses of variance (MANCOVA) were conducted to summarize workers’ sleep-wake patterns and examine differences by staff position and schedule.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 51% of staff served as residential advisors (RAs) who directly supervise the youth. Just over half (55%) worked in detention and 45% in treatment facilities. Staff reported sleeping 7.24 hours (SD=4.10) on workdays and 8.59 hours (SD=2.69) on non-workdays. RA staff working night/rotating versus day shifts reported the most sleep irregularity with larger weekend oversleep times. A little more than half of the staff (53.9%) were knowledgeable regarding youth sleep health with differences by position type.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Findings show that DJS staff are meeting recommended sleep duration guidelines but are still experiencing sleep schedule and time in bed irregularity. Knowledge variability of youth sleep health across staff may necessitate focused educational programming. Overall, this study may inform future development and prioritization of sleep and circadian health interventions and educational campaigns for staff who work with detained juveniles.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":"6 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae024
Osman S Ipsiroglu, G. Klösch, Karen Spruyt
{"title":"Staying Vigilant about the Sleep-Wake States - Is One Question the Whole Story?","authors":"Osman S Ipsiroglu, G. Klösch, Karen Spruyt","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":"51 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141022122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae026
A. Abdollahi, Xinyue Li, I. Merikanto, H. Vepsäläinen, R. Lehto, Jenna Rahkola, K. Nissinen, N. Kanerva, Eva Roos, M. Erkkola
Evidence suggests that adolescents and adults with a later chronotype have poorer sleep habits and are more susceptible to unhealthy behaviors, but, little is known about these associations in younger children. The objective of the study was to 1) identify and compare individual chronotype tendencies among preschool-aged children and 2) investigate associations of sleep dimensions and chronotype with diet. Participants were 636 3–6-years-old (mean±sd age: 4.74±0.89 years, 49%girls) preschoolers from the cross-sectional DAGIS study in Finland. Sleep duration, sleep variability (in duration and midpoint), social jetlag, and midsleep on weekends adjusted for sleep debt (MSWEadj) was measured with 7-day actigraphy. Morning, intermediate, and evening chronotype tendencies were defined based on the lowest and highest 10th percentile cutoffs of MSWEadj. Food, energy, and macronutrient intake were assessed from 3-day records. Associations between sleep dimensions and diet were assessed with regression models. MSWEadj was 1:13±14min for morning (n=64), 2:25±28min for intermediate (n=560) and 3:38±15min for evening (n=64) chronotype tendency. Children with an evening chronotype tendency had greater social jetlag and sleep variability. Having an evening chronotype tendency was associated with higher added sugar, higher sugary food consumption, and lower vegetable consumption compared to intermediate tendency types. A later chronotype (MSWEadj) was associated with higher sugary food consumption, as well as lower vegetable and fiber intake. Sleep duration, social jetlag, and sleep variability were not associated with diet. Several less healthy sleep and diet behaviors were observed among children with later chronotypes. Future public health interventions aimed towards children would benefit from taking into account chronotype.
{"title":"A tendency towards evening chronotype associates with less healthy diet among preschoolers: cross-sectional findings from the DAGIS study","authors":"A. Abdollahi, Xinyue Li, I. Merikanto, H. Vepsäläinen, R. Lehto, Jenna Rahkola, K. Nissinen, N. Kanerva, Eva Roos, M. Erkkola","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Evidence suggests that adolescents and adults with a later chronotype have poorer sleep habits and are more susceptible to unhealthy behaviors, but, little is known about these associations in younger children. The objective of the study was to 1) identify and compare individual chronotype tendencies among preschool-aged children and 2) investigate associations of sleep dimensions and chronotype with diet.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Participants were 636 3–6-years-old (mean±sd age: 4.74±0.89 years, 49%girls) preschoolers from the cross-sectional DAGIS study in Finland. Sleep duration, sleep variability (in duration and midpoint), social jetlag, and midsleep on weekends adjusted for sleep debt (MSWEadj) was measured with 7-day actigraphy. Morning, intermediate, and evening chronotype tendencies were defined based on the lowest and highest 10th percentile cutoffs of MSWEadj. Food, energy, and macronutrient intake were assessed from 3-day records. Associations between sleep dimensions and diet were assessed with regression models.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 MSWEadj was 1:13±14min for morning (n=64), 2:25±28min for intermediate (n=560) and 3:38±15min for evening (n=64) chronotype tendency. Children with an evening chronotype tendency had greater social jetlag and sleep variability. Having an evening chronotype tendency was associated with higher added sugar, higher sugary food consumption, and lower vegetable consumption compared to intermediate tendency types. A later chronotype (MSWEadj) was associated with higher sugary food consumption, as well as lower vegetable and fiber intake. Sleep duration, social jetlag, and sleep variability were not associated with diet.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Several less healthy sleep and diet behaviors were observed among children with later chronotypes. Future public health interventions aimed towards children would benefit from taking into account chronotype.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21861,"journal":{"name":"SLEEP Advances","volume":"105 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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