Pub Date : 2018-12-11DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000546
D. Chakrabarty
Statistics has been found to be a major player in playing the role of understanding various phenomena in almost every branch of science. This paper describes (i) the meaning, definition & role of statistics and of bioscience, (ii) the idea of research in general & of bioscience research specifically and (iii) the association of statistics with research in general and with bioscience research specifically.
{"title":"Statistics and Bioscience: Association in Research","authors":"D. Chakrabarty","doi":"10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000546","url":null,"abstract":"Statistics has been found to be a major player in playing the role of understanding various phenomena in almost every branch of science. This paper describes (i) the meaning, definition & role of statistics and of bioscience, (ii) the idea of research in general & of bioscience research specifically and (iii) the association of statistics with research in general and with bioscience research specifically.","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76398427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-11DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000547
Warda MB Bridan
{"title":"Candida as Pathogens of Onychomycosis among Elderly Diabetic Patients","authors":"Warda MB Bridan","doi":"10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000547","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85865126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-26DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000545
Indrajeet Kumar, Rajesh Kumar Sharma
Now a day, plants, a source of natural antioxidants are facing various kinds of environmental stress during their growth and development. Under stress, plants have potential to synthesize several secondary metabolites to cope with the adverse effects of stress. In the present review paper, the information on the effects of different abiotic stresses on the levels of secondary metabolites in plants is summarised. The production of secondary metabolites in plants can be enhanced by modifying their environmental conditions.
{"title":"Production of Secondary Metabolites in Plants under Abiotic Stress: An Overview","authors":"Indrajeet Kumar, Rajesh Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000545","url":null,"abstract":"Now a day, plants, a source of natural antioxidants are facing various kinds of environmental stress during their growth and development. Under stress, plants have potential to synthesize several secondary metabolites to cope with the adverse effects of stress. In the present review paper, the information on the effects of different abiotic stresses on the levels of secondary metabolites in plants is summarised. The production of secondary metabolites in plants can be enhanced by modifying their environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86234237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-26DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000543
B. Wienke, T. O’Leary
The question of bubble regeneration and broadening (Ostwald ripening) in the diver under compression-decompression is virtually unanswered and untractable. Effects in vivo have not been measured nor quantified to date and remain unlikely soon. We take up this question and suggest hypothetical impacts on diver staging using available data and recent experimental results in the laboratory. Four well known and widely used diver staging models, USN, ZHL, VPM and RGBM, provide a framework to estimate hypothetical effects in mixed gas diving on open circuit (OC) and rebreather (RB) systems. These are estimates and are neither verified nor tested in divers. However, the projections are conservative, increasing decompression time and shortening no decompression time limits (NDL), so that their implementation in diver staging protocols, software, dive computers and dive tables is patently safe and of interest to modelers, table designers, training agencies, dive tenders, engineers, doctors, dive computer vendors and related professionals. Experiments impacting broadening and regeneration are briefly detailed. Are the regeneration and broadening studies in gel, blood, agar, water and fluorocarbon substrates? Features of diving models (USN, ZHL, VPM, RGBM) affected by bubble regeneration and broadening are quantified within model frameworks. Comparative results are given with and without regeneration and broadening. Regeneration and broadening times can range from hours to days. Corresponding decreases in NDLs and increases in decompression times range 2% to 8% for nominal (recreational) exposures and 10% to 16% for extreme diving and extended (technical) exposures. Overall effects are thus small to moderate, but diver staging effects will increase with decreasing regeneration time scales and increase with increasing broadening time scales for given depth, breathing mixture and bottom time. Effects will always increase with depth. Regeneration effects and broadening effects for time scales beyond 8 hrs are relatively small overall in this hypothetical study within the USN ZHL, VPM and RGBM frameworks. Hopefully real experiments measuring bubble regeneration and broadening in the body will pin these issues down in the future. This analysis represents a first time ever codification of hypothetical effects of bubble regeneration and broadening on diver decompression staging.
{"title":"On Bubble Regeneration and Broadening with Implications for Decompression Protocols","authors":"B. Wienke, T. O’Leary","doi":"10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000543","url":null,"abstract":"The question of bubble regeneration and broadening (Ostwald ripening) in the diver under compression-decompression is virtually unanswered and untractable. Effects in vivo have not been measured nor quantified to date and remain unlikely soon. We take up this question and suggest hypothetical impacts on diver staging using available data and recent experimental results in the laboratory. Four well known and widely used diver staging models, USN, ZHL, VPM and RGBM, provide a framework to estimate hypothetical effects in mixed gas diving on open circuit (OC) and rebreather (RB) systems. These are estimates and are neither verified nor tested in divers. However, the projections are conservative, increasing decompression time and shortening no decompression time limits (NDL), so that their implementation in diver staging protocols, software, dive computers and dive tables is patently safe and of interest to modelers, table designers, training agencies, dive tenders, engineers, doctors, dive computer vendors and related professionals. Experiments impacting broadening and regeneration are briefly detailed. Are the regeneration and broadening studies in gel, blood, agar, water and fluorocarbon substrates? Features of diving models (USN, ZHL, VPM, RGBM) affected by bubble regeneration and broadening are quantified within model frameworks. Comparative results are given with and without regeneration and broadening. Regeneration and broadening times can range from hours to days. Corresponding decreases in NDLs and increases in decompression times range 2% to 8% for nominal (recreational) exposures and 10% to 16% for extreme diving and extended (technical) exposures. Overall effects are thus small to moderate, but diver staging effects will increase with decreasing regeneration time scales and increase with increasing broadening time scales for given depth, breathing mixture and bottom time. Effects will always increase with depth. Regeneration effects and broadening effects for time scales beyond 8 hrs are relatively small overall in this hypothetical study within the USN ZHL, VPM and RGBM frameworks. Hopefully real experiments measuring bubble regeneration and broadening in the body will pin these issues down in the future. This analysis represents a first time ever codification of hypothetical effects of bubble regeneration and broadening on diver decompression staging.","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86090909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-12DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000542
Paulus Agus Winarso
{"title":"Atmospheric Study of Unusual Cloud & Rainfall Condition over Indonesia Area During the End of 2017-Beginning 2018","authors":"Paulus Agus Winarso","doi":"10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000542","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85544790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-31DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000541
Martin Braddock
The routine detection of exoplanets has started to yield a candidate list of new worlds potentially capable of harboring or sustaining life. To date 3775 exoplanets have been confirmed contained within 625 planetary systems. Of the 3775 planets, 55 are deemed suitable to support life of which 1 is subterran (0.1-0.5ME or 0.4-0.8RE; ME=Earth mass, and RE=Earth radius), 22 are terran (0.5-5ME or 0.8-1.5RE) and 32 are superterran (510ME or 1.5-2.5RE) [1,2]. Facilitated in part to date by the Gaia [3,4] and Kepler space telescopes [5,6], the launch of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) on April 18th, 2018 [7,8] which will monitor more than 200,000 stars for temporary drops in brightness caused by planetary transits further increases what is surely a highly likely outcome; identification of a set of candidates for further exploration. In 2018, the principle driver for identification of an ’Earth 2.0’, a planet very close to Earth characteristics is scientific curiosity and to determine whether life exists in, or beyond our Solar system. However, there is now growing evidence that the activities of humans as of 12,000yrs ago and to the present day have increased extinction rates of many species and that we are experiencing the 6th extinction level event (ELE) or the Holocene extinction [9,10]. The consequences of this latest ELE may add urgency to considering other planets for where mankind can migrate and settle, in part as a potential staging post for further exploration and in part as a failsafe should Earth become inhospitable to supporting life as we know it today. For both near (solar system) and deep (beyond solar system) space travel, the ergonomic challenges facing manned spaceflight for both human physiological and psychological adaptation to microgravity are well understood and countermeasures for and mitigation of the effects of microgravity are being developed [11], which include generation of artificial or simulated gravity in space [12-14]. The longevity of human lifespan is an as yet unsurmountable obstacle for reaching even the nearest stars with propulsion technologies available today and strategies are being considered which may prolong functional lifespan [15]. An alternative route to exploring deep space is to deploy unmanned space probes which combine the evolving fields of artificial intelligence, design and deployment of nano spacecraft and the futuristic concept of sending humans as avatars on small lightweight spacecraft as an e-crew. Taken together, it is possible to construct two parallel lines of thinking and simple decision matrices which utilize manned or unmanned space craft and in the first review we will consider their application to both near and far distance space travel missions. Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences C CRIMSON PUBLISHERS Wings to the Research
{"title":"Next Steps in Space Travel and Colonization: Terraforming, Ectogenesis, Nano Spacecraft and Avatars","authors":"Martin Braddock","doi":"10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000541","url":null,"abstract":"The routine detection of exoplanets has started to yield a candidate list of new worlds potentially capable of harboring or sustaining life. To date 3775 exoplanets have been confirmed contained within 625 planetary systems. Of the 3775 planets, 55 are deemed suitable to support life of which 1 is subterran (0.1-0.5ME or 0.4-0.8RE; ME=Earth mass, and RE=Earth radius), 22 are terran (0.5-5ME or 0.8-1.5RE) and 32 are superterran (510ME or 1.5-2.5RE) [1,2]. Facilitated in part to date by the Gaia [3,4] and Kepler space telescopes [5,6], the launch of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) on April 18th, 2018 [7,8] which will monitor more than 200,000 stars for temporary drops in brightness caused by planetary transits further increases what is surely a highly likely outcome; identification of a set of candidates for further exploration. In 2018, the principle driver for identification of an ’Earth 2.0’, a planet very close to Earth characteristics is scientific curiosity and to determine whether life exists in, or beyond our Solar system. However, there is now growing evidence that the activities of humans as of 12,000yrs ago and to the present day have increased extinction rates of many species and that we are experiencing the 6th extinction level event (ELE) or the Holocene extinction [9,10]. The consequences of this latest ELE may add urgency to considering other planets for where mankind can migrate and settle, in part as a potential staging post for further exploration and in part as a failsafe should Earth become inhospitable to supporting life as we know it today. For both near (solar system) and deep (beyond solar system) space travel, the ergonomic challenges facing manned spaceflight for both human physiological and psychological adaptation to microgravity are well understood and countermeasures for and mitigation of the effects of microgravity are being developed [11], which include generation of artificial or simulated gravity in space [12-14]. The longevity of human lifespan is an as yet unsurmountable obstacle for reaching even the nearest stars with propulsion technologies available today and strategies are being considered which may prolong functional lifespan [15]. An alternative route to exploring deep space is to deploy unmanned space probes which combine the evolving fields of artificial intelligence, design and deployment of nano spacecraft and the futuristic concept of sending humans as avatars on small lightweight spacecraft as an e-crew. Taken together, it is possible to construct two parallel lines of thinking and simple decision matrices which utilize manned or unmanned space craft and in the first review we will consider their application to both near and far distance space travel missions. Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences C CRIMSON PUBLISHERS Wings to the Research","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86385339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-20DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000540
I. Mungan, S. Turan, H. Dal, Çilem Bayındır Dicle, S. Sarı, B. Tezcan
Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is a rare disorder which involves a partial or complete narrowing of the airway affecting subglottis (area between the glottis and the cricoid cartilage). It influences airflow sufficiency and provokes prominent respiratory complications [1]. Congenital and idiopathic forms of the SGS are rare and it is usually seen as an iatrogenic complication after prolonged endotracheal intubation or long-term tracheostomy. However, short-dated endotracheal intubation may also cause SGS, and mucosal ischemia is accused for granulation tissue formation and healing with constriction [2].
{"title":"A Case Report: Subglottic Stenosis Observed in Early Postoperative Period","authors":"I. Mungan, S. Turan, H. Dal, Çilem Bayındır Dicle, S. Sarı, B. Tezcan","doi":"10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000540","url":null,"abstract":"Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is a rare disorder which involves a partial or complete narrowing of the airway affecting subglottis (area between the glottis and the cricoid cartilage). It influences airflow sufficiency and provokes prominent respiratory complications [1]. Congenital and idiopathic forms of the SGS are rare and it is usually seen as an iatrogenic complication after prolonged endotracheal intubation or long-term tracheostomy. However, short-dated endotracheal intubation may also cause SGS, and mucosal ischemia is accused for granulation tissue formation and healing with constriction [2].","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73679748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-03DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000538
G. Durai
Marine gastropods are generally having a tremendous impact on Indian tradition and economy and are popular among the common man as ornaments and currency. The present study deals with morphological analysis of B. spirata from Tuticorin coast, Gulf of Mannar. Morphologically, this species was analysed with reference to shell, mantle, operculum, head tentacle, foot and visceral complex.
{"title":"Morphological Identification of Babylonia spirata (Linnaeus, 1758) from Tuticorin Coast, Gulf of Mannar Introduction","authors":"G. Durai","doi":"10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000538","url":null,"abstract":"Marine gastropods are generally having a tremendous impact on Indian tradition and economy and are popular among the common man as ornaments and currency. The present study deals with morphological analysis of B. spirata from Tuticorin coast, Gulf of Mannar. Morphologically, this species was analysed with reference to shell, mantle, operculum, head tentacle, foot and visceral complex.","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"58 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72566613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-03DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000539
V. Ibeanusi, A. Pathak, Ashvini Chauhan, Jada Hoyle-Gardner, T. Cooper, L. Turker, H. Howard, Oluchukwu Obinegbo, Gang Chen, J. Seaman
A patented microbial systems process was conducted on microbial-mediated biodegradative mechanisms at a coal-pile run off basin discharged from the coal fired plant at Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina (SC). One of the isolated strains, ATCC 55673, grew robustly on number of dissolved toxic metals. Genome-centric evaluation revealed the isolate to belong to the genus Bacillus with close affiliation to B. cereus , an aggressive polychlorinated biphenyl-degrader. At a coverage of 90x, the genome of strain ATCC 55673 consisted of 4,615,850 bases with a total number of 4,590 putative genes assembling into 51 contigs with an N50 contig length of 2,597,36 bases. Several gene homologues coding for resistance to heavy metals were identified, such as a suite of outer membrane efflux pump proteins like nickel/cobalt transporter regulators, peptide/nickel transport substrate and ATP-binding proteins, permease proteins, a high-affinity nickel-transport protein, and several genes for metabolism of aromatic compounds (Table 1).
{"title":"\"Genome-Centric Evaluation of Bacillus sp. strain –ATCC55673 and Response to Uranium Biomineralization\"","authors":"V. Ibeanusi, A. Pathak, Ashvini Chauhan, Jada Hoyle-Gardner, T. Cooper, L. Turker, H. Howard, Oluchukwu Obinegbo, Gang Chen, J. Seaman","doi":"10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000539","url":null,"abstract":"A patented microbial systems process was conducted on microbial-mediated biodegradative mechanisms at a coal-pile run off basin discharged from the coal fired plant at Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina (SC). One of the isolated strains, ATCC 55673, grew robustly on number of dissolved toxic metals. Genome-centric evaluation revealed the isolate to belong to the genus Bacillus with close affiliation to B. cereus , an aggressive polychlorinated biphenyl-degrader. At a coverage of 90x, the genome of strain ATCC 55673 consisted of 4,615,850 bases with a total number of 4,590 putative genes assembling into 51 contigs with an N50 contig length of 2,597,36 bases. Several gene homologues coding for resistance to heavy metals were identified, such as a suite of outer membrane efflux pump proteins like nickel/cobalt transporter regulators, peptide/nickel transport substrate and ATP-binding proteins, permease proteins, a high-affinity nickel-transport protein, and several genes for metabolism of aromatic compounds (Table 1).","PeriodicalId":21951,"journal":{"name":"Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89769447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：