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Polyurethane: A Versatile Scaffold for Biomedical Applications 聚氨酯:生物医学用途的多功能支架
Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000536
Halima Khatoon, Sharif Ahmad
Polyurethanes (PUs) are one of the most versatile and explored polymeric materials in which the urethane groups are the major repeating unit and can be synthesized by reacting di or polyisocyanates (hard segments) with di or polyols (soft segments) via catalyzed polymerization process [1]. A broad range of PU with variety of physical and mechanical properties can be tuned just by changing the ratio of soft and hard segments [2]. Thus, it consists of two phase structure in which the hard segments are embedded into the soft segments. Using different ratios of hard/soft segments, it can be fabricated according to their need of applications in rubber, fibers, films, paints, coatings, elastomers, foams, gels etc. [3] These many forms of PUs available to date are simple improvements of the invention of Dr. Otto Bayer and his coworkers in the 1930s [4]. The continuous improvements in the polyurethane made them a suitable and promising material for the incorporation in widespread applications. For the decades, it has been used in the field of biomedical due to their well-known properties such as good durability, high tensile strength, fatigue resistance, excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility [5]. Among the polymers like, silicone, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene and poly tetra fluoro ethylene (PTFE), PUs are widely used in medical application due to their superior bio and hemo compatibility. On account of this very characteristic property, they have extensively been used in catheters, heart valves, vascular grafts, prostheses and blood coagulating devices [6].
聚氨酯(pu)是一种用途最广泛的高分子材料,其中聚氨酯基团是主要的重复单元,可以通过催化聚合过程将二异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯(硬段)与二异氰酸酯或多元醇(软段)反应合成[1]。只要改变软、硬段的比例,就可以调整各种各样的PU的物理和机械性能[2]。因此,它由两相结构组成,其中硬段嵌入软段。使用不同比例的硬/软段,它可以根据橡胶、纤维、薄膜、油漆、涂料、弹性体、泡沫、凝胶等应用的需要来制造[3]。迄今为止,这些多种形式的pu是奥托·拜耳博士和他的同事在20世纪30年代[4]发明的简单改进。聚氨酯的不断改进使其成为广泛应用的合适和有前途的材料。几十年来,由于其具有良好的耐久性、高拉伸强度、抗疲劳性、优异的生物降解性和生物相容性等众所周知的特性,它已被用于生物医学领域[5]。在有机硅、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚乙烯和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)等聚合物中,pu因其优越的生物相容性和血液相容性而广泛应用于医疗领域。由于这一特性,它们被广泛应用于导管、心脏瓣膜、血管移植物、假体和血液凝固装置[6]。
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引用次数: 8
A Case of Unrecognized Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Which Was Noticed During Emergency Cesarean Section 急诊剖宫产术中发现围生期未确诊心肌病1例
Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000535
Duygu Aslan
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引用次数: 0
Selected Sudanese Medicinal Plants Induce Anticancer and Cytotoxic Effects in Cervical Cancer Cell Line 苏丹药用植物对宫颈癌细胞系的抗癌和细胞毒作用
Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000537
Montasir Ahmed Elnour, A. Khalid, Fatima Penech
Modern pharmacology, however, relies on refined chemicals-either obtained from plants, or synthesized. This work investigated the anticancer, antioxidant and Cyto toxicity activities of N. lotus leaves citrate, N. lotus leaves not citrate, P. juliflora leaves commonly used as anti-inflammatory and Ant diabetic. All the plant parts were extracted using 80% methanol, the anticancer activity was examined by using MTT assay against Hela (Cervical Cancer) Cell Line. And determine their antioxidant activities by testing DPPH cytotoxicity using-(4, 5-Dimethyl thiazole-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), filter and kept in dark, prepared freshly. The examined plants methanolic extracts of P. juliflora leaves is high activity against Hela (Cervical Cancer) Cell Line IC50 is 56.02μg/ml. The extract C N. lotus leaves citrate, N. lotus leaves not citrate has shown none active antiHela (Cervical Cancer) IC50 values 100, and >100μg/ml respectively. All the extracts revealed cytotoxicity activity not toxic in N. lotus leaves citrate, N. lotus leaves not citrate, P. juliflora leaves the inhibition percentage with (90.81,89.33074,86.47866) (73.17427,71.93975,60.17069) (74.93001,73.78714, 71.13981) respectively. The following plant parts showed highly potent scavenging activity against DPPH (above 80%); N. lotus leaves citrate, 88.78, While the following revealed a good activity against DPPH (between 60-79); N. lotus leaves not citrate, P. juliflora leaves with inhibition% are 77and 62.96 respectively.
然而,现代药理学依赖于精制的化学物质——要么从植物中获得,要么合成。本文研究了枸橼酸荷叶、非枸橼酸荷叶、抗炎和抗糖尿病常用叶的抗癌、抗氧化和细胞毒性活性。用80%甲醇提取所有植物部位,用MTT法检测其对宫颈癌细胞株Hela (Cervical Cancer)的抗癌活性。并采用-(4,5 -二甲基噻唑-2-基)- 2,5 -二苯基溴化四氮唑(MTT),过滤,避光,新鲜制备,检测其DPPH细胞毒性,测定其抗氧化活性。结果表明,黄合欢叶甲醇提取物对Hela(宫颈癌)细胞株的IC50值为56.02μg/ml。枸橼酸荷叶提取物、非枸橼酸荷叶提取物均显示无抗hela(宫颈癌)活性,IC50值分别为100、100μg/ml。各提取液对枸橼酸荷叶、非枸橼酸荷叶、黄颡鱼叶的抑制率分别为(90.81、89.33074、86.47866)(73.17427、71.93975、60.17069)(74.93001、73.78714、71.13981)。下列植物部位对DPPH具有很强的清除活性(80%以上);N.荷叶柠檬酸盐,88.78,以下对DPPH有较好的抑制作用(60 ~ 79);不含柠檬酸盐的荷叶,抑制率为77 %,抑制率为62.96 %。
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引用次数: 0
Combretum Adenogonium Induce Anticancer and Antioxidant Effects in Prostate Cancer Cell Line 公藤对前列腺癌细胞的抗氧化作用
Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000534
Montasir Ahmed Elnour, Fatima Penech, Siddig Ibrahim, A. Khalid
Plants have been used fortreating various diseases of human beings and animalssince time immemorial. They maintain the health andvitality of individuals, and also cure diseases, includingcancer without causing toxicity. This work investigated the anticancer, antioxidant activities of roots, leaves, and stems commonly used as anti inflammatory and anti tumor. All the plant parts were extracted using 80% methanol, the anticancer activity was examined by using MTT assay against PC3 (Prostate Cancer) and determine their antioxidant activities by testing Effect ofPlant Methanol Extracts on suppressing whole blood Phagocytes and ROS Production and Metal chelating activities, filter and kept in dark, prepared freshly. The extract roots, DC has shown very high activity against PC3 (Prostate Cancer) IC50 values 24μg/ml. The extract leaves, and stems has shown none active anti against PC3 (Prostate Cancer) IC 50 values >100, and >100μg/ml respectively. All the extracts Effect ofPlant Methanol Extracts on suppressing whole blood Phagocytes and ROS Production has shown none active in all plants parts under study roots, leaves, and stems IC 50 values>200 . All the examined plant methanol extracts showed different levels of inhibition % for their metal chelating activity at concentration 50µg/mL. roots 25.99µg/m.
自古以来,植物就被用来治疗人类和动物的各种疾病。它们保持个体的健康和活力,也可以治疗疾病,包括癌症,而不会产生毒性。本文研究了抗炎、抗肿瘤常用的根、叶、茎的抗癌、抗氧化活性。采用80%甲醇提取各植物部位,采用MTT法检测其抗PC3(前列腺癌)活性,并通过检测植物甲醇提取物对全血吞噬细胞和活性氧产生的抑制作用及金属螯合活性测定其抗氧化活性,过滤保存,新鲜制备。提取物根对前列腺癌(PC3)的IC50值为24μg/ml。提取物叶、茎对PC3(前列腺癌)的ic50值分别>100、>100μg/ml。植物甲醇提取物对全血吞噬细胞和活性氧产生的抑制作用在研究的所有植物部位根、叶和茎中均无活性,ic50值>200。在浓度为50µg/mL时,甲醇提取物对金属螯合活性均有不同程度的抑制作用。根25.99µg / m。
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引用次数: 0
Increase in Bone Mass Density and Overall Bone Health Following High-Impact of Bio-field Energy Treated Vitamin D3inMG-63 Cell Line 生物场高能处理维生素D3inMG-63细胞系后骨密度和整体骨骼健康的增加
Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000533
S. J
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引用次数: 4
A Twist in the Tale: TWIST1-SOX2 Axis Governs ABCG2-Mediated Paclitaxel Resistance of Breast Cancer Stem Cells 故事中的一个转折:TWIST1-SOX2轴调控abcg2介导的乳腺癌干细胞紫杉醇耐药
Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000532
P. Mukherjee, U. Chatterji
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important process during development by which epithelial cellsb acquire mesenchymal, fibroblast-like properties and show reduced intercellular adhesion and increased motility.The identification of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity of breast cancer stem cells provided another level of complexity regarding development of strategies to eliminate these lethal seeds of breast cancer. In determining the association between Sox2, cell migration and expression of EMT markers, we found a persistently high expression of Twist1 and its apparent lack of EMT-like properties during migratory arrest of MDA-MB-231 cells, even after paclitaxel treatment of Sox2-silenced cells. The role of Sox2-dependent Twist1 in maintaining stemness was more prominent when Sox2 expression was high in brCSCs. It can be presumed now that Twist1 expression in presence or absence of Sox2 defines the precise mechanism underlying the possible role of Twist1 in crossroads of pluripotency and EMT of breast cancer stem cells. cancer stem cells comparison their normal counterpart, SOX2, TWIST1 and ABCG2, which are significantly upregulated in paclitaxel-treated triple negative breast tumors. This cascade topluripotency and stemness properties of breast CSCs, mammosphere migratory propensity. Silencing SOX2 with siRNA leads to the down regulation of ABCG2 and TWIST1, confirming that SOX2 governs the expression of these two major CSC markers. Further, paclitaxel treatment in conjunction to si-SOX2, led to i) increased chemosensitivity of breast CSCs to the drug, regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and induces migratory arrest that sustains even after drug removal, simulating a post-chemo treatment condition in patients, and iii) reduces the sphere forming efficiency of CSCs, thus rendering them more susceptible to the anti-cancer effects of paclitaxel.
上皮-间充质转化(epithelial -mesenchymal transition, EMT)是上皮细胞在发育过程中获得间充质、成纤维细胞样特性并表现出细胞间粘附减少和运动性增加的重要过程。乳腺癌干细胞上皮-间充质可塑性的鉴定为消除这些致死性乳腺癌种子的策略的发展提供了另一个层次的复杂性。在确定Sox2、细胞迁移和EMT标志物表达之间的关系时,我们发现在MDA-MB-231细胞迁移停滞期间,即使在紫杉醇处理Sox2沉默细胞后,Twist1的持续高表达和明显缺乏EMT样特性。当Sox2在brCSCs中高表达时,依赖于Sox2的Twist1在维持茎干性中的作用更为突出。现在可以推测,在Sox2存在或不存在的情况下,Twist1的表达确定了Twist1在乳腺癌干细胞多能性和EMT交叉过程中可能发挥的作用的确切机制。在紫杉醇治疗的三阴性乳腺肿瘤中,SOX2、TWIST1和ABCG2的表达显著上调。这级联到乳腺CSCs的多能性和干性特性,乳腺球体迁移倾向。用siRNA沉默SOX2导致ABCG2和TWIST1的下调,证实SOX2调控这两种主要CSC标志物的表达。此外,紫杉醇与si-SOX2联合治疗,导致i)增加乳腺CSCs对药物的化疗敏感性,调节上皮到间质转化(EMT),诱导迁移停止,即使在药物去除后仍持续,模拟患者化疗后的情况,iii)降低CSCs的球形成效率,从而使它们更容易受到紫杉醇抗癌作用的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-Targeted Approach to Treat Drug Resistant CML Using Natural Compounds: A Double Edged Sword 使用天然化合物治疗耐药CML的多靶点方法:一把双刃剑
Pub Date : 2018-07-16 DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000531
Phani Krishna P
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引用次数: 1
Anesthetic Management in A Thrombocytopenic Patient with Multiple Pregnancy 多胎妊娠血小板减少患者的麻醉管理
Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000530
Duygu Aslan
Thrombocytopenia is seen by 6-10% during pregnancy, with vast majority being mild dilutional thrombocytopenia occurring due to gestational physiology, and 2% of thrombocytopenia are seen in preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. Herein, we aimed to emphasized that early diagnosis is important and anesthetic approach is guiding in prevention of the possible complications in the mother and infant, in a case with normal follow-up in which we observed that isolated mild thrombocytopenia was the early and unique symptom of HELLP syndrome in multiple pregnancy.
妊娠期血小板减少发生率为6-10%,绝大多数为妊娠生理所致的轻度稀释性血小板减少,2%的血小板减少见于子痫前期和HELLP综合征。在此,我们在一个正常随访的病例中观察到孤立性轻度血小板减少是多胎妊娠HELLP综合征的早期和独特症状,旨在强调早期诊断的重要性和麻醉方法对预防母婴可能出现的并发症具有指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Genetic Drift versus Natural Selection on Clutch Traits in Two Populations of the Nigerian Local Chickens 遗传漂变与自然选择对两种尼日利亚地方鸡窝性状的影响
Pub Date : 2018-07-06 DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2018.02.000528
Gwaza Ds, Dim Ni, Momoh Om
The study was carried out at Akpehe poultry farm, Makurdi,on the Tiv and the Fulani Nigerian local chicken ecotypes.The variability on clutch traits were estimated on 540 hens produced from the mating of 40 hens and 4 sires each for the Tiv and the Fulani local chicken ecotypes, randomly selected from rural populations. The hens were housed singly and hand mated. Daily egg production was recorded individually. The data was organized according to clutch size, clutch number, pause number and pause length. SAS procedure was used to analyze the variability on clutch traits within and between the ecotypes.Clutch size has the highest variability within the ecotype. Between the ecotypes, the Tiv ecotype showed higher variability in clutch traits than the Fulani ecotype. The higher variability in the Tiv ecotype was related to the large population of single inter breeding flock which renders genetic drift insignificant. The small reproductive population often left when the Fulani women disposed large numbers of matured birds from their flock when preparing for new settlements thereby accelerating genetic drift. This had driven the population of the Fulani ecotype towards genetic uniformity in clutch traits by reducing genetic variation overtime. The genetic diversity of the Fulani ecotype in clutch traits that could be used for current and future adaptation is been threatened.
该研究是在马库尔迪的Akpehe家禽养殖场进行的,该养殖场位于Tiv和富拉尼尼日利亚当地鸡生态型。对从农村随机选择的蒂夫和富拉尼地方鸡生态型各40只母鸡和4只公鸡交配产生的540只母鸡的蛋性状进行了变异估计。母鸡被单独饲养,由人工交配。分别记录日产蛋量。数据按照离合器尺寸、离合器个数、暂停个数和暂停长度进行整理。采用SAS程序分析各生态型内和生态型间的离合性状变异。离合器大小在生态型中具有最高的可变性。在不同生态型中,Tiv生态型比富拉尼生态型表现出更高的离合性状变异。Tiv生态型的高变异性与单一杂交群体的大群体有关,这使得遗传漂变不显著。当富拉尼妇女在准备新的定居地时,从她们的鸟群中处理了大量成熟的鸟类,从而加速了遗传漂变,小的繁殖种群经常离开。这使得富拉尼生态型种群通过减少遗传变异,逐渐趋向于群居性状的遗传一致性。可用于当前和未来适应的富拉尼生态型的紧握性状遗传多样性受到威胁。
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引用次数: 2
Selecting Various Industrial Competitors Affect the Risk Level of Viet Nam Stock Investment Industry 选择不同的行业竞争者影响越南股票投资行业的风险水平
Pub Date : 2018-07-05 DOI: 10.31031/sbb.2018.02.000527
Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy
Under a one factor model, this paperwork estimates the impacts of the size of firms’ competitors in the stock investment industry on the market risk level, measured by equity and asset beta, of 6 listed companies in this category. This study identified that the risk dispersion level in this sample study could be minimized in case the competitor size kept as current approximate size (measured by equity beta var of 0,034). Beside, the empirical research findings show us that equity beta min value decreases from 0,247 to 0,244 when the size of competitor doubles. Last but not least, most of beta values are acceptable. Ultimately, this paper illustrates calculated results that might give proper recommendations to relevant governments and institutions in re-evaluating their policies during and after the financial crisis 2007-2011.
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Significances of Bioengineering & Biosciences
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