Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10057
Emily Plec
{"title":"Toward Commensalism: Deconstructing the Intersectionality of Racism and Speciesism","authors":"Emily Plec","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"77 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10152
Melissa Trevathan-Minnis, Rebecca E. Platz
Abstract Ample research points to the positive impact of nonhuman animals on humans and the benefits of animal-assisted therapy ( AAT ) on patients in multiple settings. However, AAT is often a one-sided enterprise, whereby the focus of concern for benefit and growth is centered on the human, and less, or not at all, on the nonhuman animal. We present a model that emphasizes approximate equal benefit for human and nonhuman animals. A treatment approach is described that combines socialization and training of homeless dogs and puppies to increase adoption rates and assess for suitability as therapy or working dogs, with rehabilitating and supporting clients. This model of mutual benefit demonstrates prosocial behavior for clients who participate in the socialization and preparation of homeless puppies for permanent homes in combination with their existing therapeutic goals and is rich territory for symbolic exploration. A case study is presented as an illustration of the model.
{"title":"Foster Puppies as Therapeutic Partners: A Model for Mutual Benefit","authors":"Melissa Trevathan-Minnis, Rebecca E. Platz","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10152","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ample research points to the positive impact of nonhuman animals on humans and the benefits of animal-assisted therapy ( AAT ) on patients in multiple settings. However, AAT is often a one-sided enterprise, whereby the focus of concern for benefit and growth is centered on the human, and less, or not at all, on the nonhuman animal. We present a model that emphasizes approximate equal benefit for human and nonhuman animals. A treatment approach is described that combines socialization and training of homeless dogs and puppies to increase adoption rates and assess for suitability as therapy or working dogs, with rehabilitating and supporting clients. This model of mutual benefit demonstrates prosocial behavior for clients who participate in the socialization and preparation of homeless puppies for permanent homes in combination with their existing therapeutic goals and is rich territory for symbolic exploration. A case study is presented as an illustration of the model.","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"75 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10121
Shelley Alexander, Dianne Draper, Alexandra Boesel
Abstract Although predator killing is a global phenomenon, few studies interrogate the individual and societal drivers of choosing lethal versus non-lethal actions towards coyotes. Results here derive from 48 in situ , semi-structured interviews conducted during 2015–2017 with rural residential and agricultural landowners in the Foothills Parkland Region of Alberta, Canada. Interviews recorded landowner experiences with coyotes, and their perceptions, values, beliefs, animal husbandry practices, and actions towards coyotes. Invoking a critical geography perspective and grounded theory methods, we found the practice of coyote killing and anti-coyote sentiments to be deeply entangled with and mutually reconstituted by constructs of “masculinity,” “rurality,” and colonial settler identity. Coyote killing also appeared as a form of discursive power, arising from urban-rural tensions. Finally, geographies of local history, family, and community intersected with identity, gendered-labor, and power – placing coyotes in a vicious and ongoing cycle of oppression and violence.
{"title":"Coyote Killing: Where Species and Identities Collide","authors":"Shelley Alexander, Dianne Draper, Alexandra Boesel","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although predator killing is a global phenomenon, few studies interrogate the individual and societal drivers of choosing lethal versus non-lethal actions towards coyotes. Results here derive from 48 in situ , semi-structured interviews conducted during 2015–2017 with rural residential and agricultural landowners in the Foothills Parkland Region of Alberta, Canada. Interviews recorded landowner experiences with coyotes, and their perceptions, values, beliefs, animal husbandry practices, and actions towards coyotes. Invoking a critical geography perspective and grounded theory methods, we found the practice of coyote killing and anti-coyote sentiments to be deeply entangled with and mutually reconstituted by constructs of “masculinity,” “rurality,” and colonial settler identity. Coyote killing also appeared as a form of discursive power, arising from urban-rural tensions. Finally, geographies of local history, family, and community intersected with identity, gendered-labor, and power – placing coyotes in a vicious and ongoing cycle of oppression and violence.","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135460384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10151
Javiera Calderón-Amor, Camila Palma, Carmen Gallo
Abstract Various studies have suggested a range of different factors associated with children’s attitudes toward animals; however, in Chile, it is an area that has not been studied. The current study administered the Intermediate Attitude Scale ( IAS , which measures attitudes toward the humane treatment of animals) to 286 children in third and fourth grade and analyzed its association with the following variables: type of school, grade, gender, current pet ownership, the recognition accuracy of dog facial expressions, and human-directed empathy. The association between the IAS and potential factors was measured through linear mixed models. Children with higher human-directed empathy scores, fourth-grade children, and children who were more accurate in recognizing the happiness emotion on the dog’s face were associated with more positive attitudes toward the humane treatment of animals. These findings contribute to the growing literature regarding the importance of positive attitudes toward animals and their connection to human-directed empathy.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Children’s Humane Attitudes toward Animals","authors":"Javiera Calderón-Amor, Camila Palma, Carmen Gallo","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10151","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Various studies have suggested a range of different factors associated with children’s attitudes toward animals; however, in Chile, it is an area that has not been studied. The current study administered the Intermediate Attitude Scale ( IAS , which measures attitudes toward the humane treatment of animals) to 286 children in third and fourth grade and analyzed its association with the following variables: type of school, grade, gender, current pet ownership, the recognition accuracy of dog facial expressions, and human-directed empathy. The association between the IAS and potential factors was measured through linear mixed models. Children with higher human-directed empathy scores, fourth-grade children, and children who were more accurate in recognizing the happiness emotion on the dog’s face were associated with more positive attitudes toward the humane treatment of animals. These findings contribute to the growing literature regarding the importance of positive attitudes toward animals and their connection to human-directed empathy.","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10150
Heather M. Manitzas Hill, Lauren Highfill, Teri Bolton, Waleska Henriquez, Kathleen Dudzinski, Matthew Gutierrez, Danielle Birk, Deirdre Yeater
Abstract Human-wildlife interactions have been shown to positively impact tourist beliefs and actions in relation to wildlife and the environment. The purpose of this study was to explore guest beliefs and perceptions about dolphins and dolphin programs before and after participating in human-dolphin interactions ( HDI ). We surveyed 142 guests participating in a self-selected HDI located in a natural lagoon facility at The Roatán Institute for Marine Sciences in Sandy Bay Roatán, Honduras. Of the 142 survey respondents, 130 completed the survey fully, and 28 of those 130 also completed a two-week follow-up survey. The results indicated that the guests maintained pre-existing positive attitudes towards dolphins, learned new information, and reported feeling connected with nature following their HDI experiences. The HDI experience format resulted in few differences in participant responses, suggesting that interactive programs maintained existing attitudes while subtly shaping beliefs about human-animal interactions.
{"title":"Effects of Human-Dolphin Interactions on Tourist Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Dolphins","authors":"Heather M. Manitzas Hill, Lauren Highfill, Teri Bolton, Waleska Henriquez, Kathleen Dudzinski, Matthew Gutierrez, Danielle Birk, Deirdre Yeater","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10150","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Human-wildlife interactions have been shown to positively impact tourist beliefs and actions in relation to wildlife and the environment. The purpose of this study was to explore guest beliefs and perceptions about dolphins and dolphin programs before and after participating in human-dolphin interactions ( HDI ). We surveyed 142 guests participating in a self-selected HDI located in a natural lagoon facility at The Roatán Institute for Marine Sciences in Sandy Bay Roatán, Honduras. Of the 142 survey respondents, 130 completed the survey fully, and 28 of those 130 also completed a two-week follow-up survey. The results indicated that the guests maintained pre-existing positive attitudes towards dolphins, learned new information, and reported feeling connected with nature following their HDI experiences. The HDI experience format resulted in few differences in participant responses, suggesting that interactive programs maintained existing attitudes while subtly shaping beliefs about human-animal interactions.","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135460280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10147
Emilia Czatkowska
{"title":"Adapting Animals from Page to Screen: Drive Your Plow and Pokot [Spoor]","authors":"Emilia Czatkowska","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136061367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10145
Annie L. Booth, Daniel A.J. Ryan
Abstract Bears evoke many responses in humans, both to their social/cultural presence and to their physical/ecological reality. This study examines attitudes towards bears in two cities in British Columbia, Canada. Focusing largely upon black bears ( Ursus americanus ), open-ended survey responses are analyzed to identify the key values that participants identified for the bears with whom they share space (both cities have large populations of urban bears). The largely positive nature of the values articulated suggests that there is hope for the long-term survival of these charismatic creatures even in largely urbanized settings.
{"title":"Sometimes the Bear Eats You, Sometimes You Eat the Bear: Values Surrounding Urban Bears","authors":"Annie L. Booth, Daniel A.J. Ryan","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10145","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bears evoke many responses in humans, both to their social/cultural presence and to their physical/ecological reality. This study examines attitudes towards bears in two cities in British Columbia, Canada. Focusing largely upon black bears ( Ursus americanus ), open-ended survey responses are analyzed to identify the key values that participants identified for the bears with whom they share space (both cities have large populations of urban bears). The largely positive nature of the values articulated suggests that there is hope for the long-term survival of these charismatic creatures even in largely urbanized settings.","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136375942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10142
Lisa Märcz, Michael Gibbert
Abstract This qualitative study explores the opinions of people who criticize the presence of wolves in Germany to understand what lies behind their concerns. It provides an intimate insight into the lives and fears of people and their relation to wolves and contributes to understanding the less considered critics of wolf management. By discussing the links between a fear of wolves, rural identity, and perceptions of nature, this paper proposes to explain how a human-wolf coexistence could still function for those who fail to be included in wolf management endeavors if wolf management added a social guideline on the basis of the presented problems. While a fear of wolves is generally ingrained in German society and wolves pose a real threat to farmed animals, for many people it is dysfunctional interhuman relations that pose a challenge in their coexistence with wolves, and less so the wolves themselves.
{"title":"Fear of the Wolf: Are Human-Wildlife Conflicts Actually Human-Human Feuds?","authors":"Lisa Märcz, Michael Gibbert","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10142","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This qualitative study explores the opinions of people who criticize the presence of wolves in Germany to understand what lies behind their concerns. It provides an intimate insight into the lives and fears of people and their relation to wolves and contributes to understanding the less considered critics of wolf management. By discussing the links between a fear of wolves, rural identity, and perceptions of nature, this paper proposes to explain how a human-wolf coexistence could still function for those who fail to be included in wolf management endeavors if wolf management added a social guideline on the basis of the presented problems. While a fear of wolves is generally ingrained in German society and wolves pose a real threat to farmed animals, for many people it is dysfunctional interhuman relations that pose a challenge in their coexistence with wolves, and less so the wolves themselves.","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10146
Diana Peña Gil, Celia Camilli Trujillo, Mercedes García García
Abstract Many universities, concerned with finding methods to improve the academic environment and support their students, carry out animal-assisted interventions. This study measured the effect of a canine-assisted intervention program on the stress of first-year university students at the Complutense University of Madrid. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was followed, with a follow-up measure. The instruments used were the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and salivary cortisol measures. The sample was 102 students. The program, called “Compludog,” consisted of one 45-minute session a week for three weeks. The results demonstrated significant improvements in physiological and perceived stress in the posttest and follow-up measure. In addition, analyses revealed that the sociodemographic variables had no influence on the effects of the program. It is concluded that a canine-assisted intervention program is effective. Therefore, Spanish universities should consider this kind of program to support their students and reduce their stress, even during exam time.
{"title":"Effects of a Canine-Assisted Intervention in Perceived and Physiological Stress of Spanish University Students","authors":"Diana Peña Gil, Celia Camilli Trujillo, Mercedes García García","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10146","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many universities, concerned with finding methods to improve the academic environment and support their students, carry out animal-assisted interventions. This study measured the effect of a canine-assisted intervention program on the stress of first-year university students at the Complutense University of Madrid. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was followed, with a follow-up measure. The instruments used were the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and salivary cortisol measures. The sample was 102 students. The program, called “Compludog,” consisted of one 45-minute session a week for three weeks. The results demonstrated significant improvements in physiological and perceived stress in the posttest and follow-up measure. In addition, analyses revealed that the sociodemographic variables had no influence on the effects of the program. It is concluded that a canine-assisted intervention program is effective. Therefore, Spanish universities should consider this kind of program to support their students and reduce their stress, even during exam time.","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136361525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1163/15685306-bja10141
Noah Comet
Abstract The hummingbird’s biological and cultural associations with beauty, sweetness, and docility belie a longstanding symbolic association with violence and danger. Taking the Nazis’ surprising adoption of the symbol as a point of departure, this essay traces this association to its Mesoamerican origins, and follows its emergence in European and British culture through travel writing, naturalism, commercialism, and popular culture, reflecting on how an evolving understanding of the birds’ behavior and morphology influenced its symbolic history.
{"title":"Unternehmen Kolibri: Of Hitler and Hummingbirds","authors":"Noah Comet","doi":"10.1163/15685306-bja10141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The hummingbird’s biological and cultural associations with beauty, sweetness, and docility belie a longstanding symbolic association with violence and danger. Taking the Nazis’ surprising adoption of the symbol as a point of departure, this essay traces this association to its Mesoamerican origins, and follows its emergence in European and British culture through travel writing, naturalism, commercialism, and popular culture, reflecting on how an evolving understanding of the birds’ behavior and morphology influenced its symbolic history.","PeriodicalId":22000,"journal":{"name":"Society & Animals","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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