Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214013
Gavin MURRAY-MILLER
blood can increase physical endurance, there is scant evidence to support such a relationship in elite athletes. Doping is a worthwhile read for those interested in understanding the history of artificial enhancement in sports. As technology has improved, so has the ability to develop pharmaceuticals with possible application to athletic performance. Unfortunately, the technology to develop these drugs outpaces our ability to detect them suggesting that as long as the economic advantages of athletic performance remains, the science of performance will encourage illicit behavior among athletes searching for the smallest of advantage.
{"title":"The Politics of Imperial Memory in France, 1850–1900","authors":"Gavin MURRAY-MILLER","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214013","url":null,"abstract":"blood can increase physical endurance, there is scant evidence to support such a relationship in elite athletes. Doping is a worthwhile read for those interested in understanding the history of artificial enhancement in sports. As technology has improved, so has the ability to develop pharmaceuticals with possible application to athletic performance. Unfortunately, the technology to develop these drugs outpaces our ability to detect them suggesting that as long as the economic advantages of athletic performance remains, the science of performance will encourage illicit behavior among athletes searching for the smallest of advantage.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"32 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113941347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214012
Darren Mulloy
{"title":"Hope and Fear: Modern Myths, Conspiracy Theories and Pseudo-History","authors":"Darren Mulloy","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131079168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214003
Daryl Hart
{"title":"Benjamin Franklin","authors":"Daryl Hart","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136375636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214001
PaulV.F. Flesher
Muslim population converse with the theories of nationalism discussed in the Preface? Questions aside, the book constitutes an important contribution to the field and should fare well both with an academic readership and the general audience as it offers a thoroughly researched and highly readable account of a most complex subject. It is also published at a time when the study of Greek nationalism in general and the Greek revolution in particular has been greatly enriched by the work of a new generation of historians working with Ottoman sources, whose insights beautifully complement the issues explored in Katsikas’ Islam and Nationalism in Modern Greece, 1821–1940—identity, belonging, and the very making of Modern Greece.
{"title":"Aramaic: a history of the first world language","authors":"PaulV.F. Flesher","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214001","url":null,"abstract":"Muslim population converse with the theories of nationalism discussed in the Preface? Questions aside, the book constitutes an important contribution to the field and should fare well both with an academic readership and the general audience as it offers a thoroughly researched and highly readable account of a most complex subject. It is also published at a time when the study of Greek nationalism in general and the Greek revolution in particular has been greatly enriched by the work of a new generation of historians working with Ottoman sources, whose insights beautifully complement the issues explored in Katsikas’ Islam and Nationalism in Modern Greece, 1821–1940—identity, belonging, and the very making of Modern Greece.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114841902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2188747
L. Harris
zying array of many different kinds of Northern areas scattered across the country—some suburban, many urban, and others in what would be more accurately described as the West or Midwest—a distinction she is careful to note. This is a critical contribution to literature on movements outside of the South and the attendant many dilemmas therein. This book is a needed addition to the work on Northern movements. By adding complexity to the debate, it further elucidates much of the groundwork laid by scholars such as Jeanne Theoharis, Komozi Woodard and Brian Purnell. But the stubborn issue of racism has always managed to surface in the North, and most often manifests itself in schooling. The tell of the deep-seated brand of racism that exists in the North—what jurists have called de facto segregation— often comes up in education. As Burkholder points out in example after example, particularly in suburban areas, Black students were often restricted to the one or two schools that were sometimes (although not always) in the Black parts of town. This also brings the question of periodization into the conversation. Any study that depicts Black separation will by necessity have to analyze struggles that predate Brown vs. Board. For instance, Burkholder spends a good part of the book talking about Boston, and for good reason. The bookends of Boston’s experiences with school desegregation take place not only in the 20th century, after Brown vs. Education, but began there in the 19th century. It is here where this study particularly shines, in its brilliant perception of the fact that there is never just one side to the school desegregation struggle, but was more often comprised of two sides and a differing philosophy—one that pushed for integration—and one that also saw the wisdom and practicality of working with the opportunity of building up Black education within an otherwise imperfect system. The book has five chapters, which are composed chronologically. One of the most interesting chapters is the one on school separation and Black Power which does an exceptionally good job of explaining how parents, children and families engaged in these campaigns, and incorporated older traditions of Black nationalism in the era of Black Power. The author carries that forward into the 1990s and early 2000s in the last chapter by taking a fascinating look at Afrocentric schools that came to embody many of the principles echoed earlier. In all of these ways, the book makes a substantial contribution to existing knowledge because of its unique framing—a dual study of integration and separation—which gives it the ability to portray these longstanding debates in new ways as a dilemma for African Americans to resolve. Burkholder’s work is a welcome addition to the scholarship on this area. Because there has never been anything quite like it before, it does not replace existing scholarship per se. Instead, it has instigated an entirely new line of inquiry. Although the book
{"title":"Spaces of Enslavement: A History of Slavery and Resistance in Dutch New York","authors":"L. Harris","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2188747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2188747","url":null,"abstract":"zying array of many different kinds of Northern areas scattered across the country—some suburban, many urban, and others in what would be more accurately described as the West or Midwest—a distinction she is careful to note. This is a critical contribution to literature on movements outside of the South and the attendant many dilemmas therein. This book is a needed addition to the work on Northern movements. By adding complexity to the debate, it further elucidates much of the groundwork laid by scholars such as Jeanne Theoharis, Komozi Woodard and Brian Purnell. But the stubborn issue of racism has always managed to surface in the North, and most often manifests itself in schooling. The tell of the deep-seated brand of racism that exists in the North—what jurists have called de facto segregation— often comes up in education. As Burkholder points out in example after example, particularly in suburban areas, Black students were often restricted to the one or two schools that were sometimes (although not always) in the Black parts of town. This also brings the question of periodization into the conversation. Any study that depicts Black separation will by necessity have to analyze struggles that predate Brown vs. Board. For instance, Burkholder spends a good part of the book talking about Boston, and for good reason. The bookends of Boston’s experiences with school desegregation take place not only in the 20th century, after Brown vs. Education, but began there in the 19th century. It is here where this study particularly shines, in its brilliant perception of the fact that there is never just one side to the school desegregation struggle, but was more often comprised of two sides and a differing philosophy—one that pushed for integration—and one that also saw the wisdom and practicality of working with the opportunity of building up Black education within an otherwise imperfect system. The book has five chapters, which are composed chronologically. One of the most interesting chapters is the one on school separation and Black Power which does an exceptionally good job of explaining how parents, children and families engaged in these campaigns, and incorporated older traditions of Black nationalism in the era of Black Power. The author carries that forward into the 1990s and early 2000s in the last chapter by taking a fascinating look at Afrocentric schools that came to embody many of the principles echoed earlier. In all of these ways, the book makes a substantial contribution to existing knowledge because of its unique framing—a dual study of integration and separation—which gives it the ability to portray these longstanding debates in new ways as a dilemma for African Americans to resolve. Burkholder’s work is a welcome addition to the scholarship on this area. Because there has never been anything quite like it before, it does not replace existing scholarship per se. Instead, it has instigated an entirely new line of inquiry. Although the book ","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116549085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2188743
Peter Kasurak
forwardly positive process. Overall, despite the missing historiography, this is a very solid piece of scholarship. Your Children Are Very Greatly in Danger sets a new standard for local studies of de facto segregation. It points the way to how similar case studies should be done, particularly in terms of how local archival sources and being close to the ground can help paint a broader picture of how communities have evolved both into, and possibly, eventually out of, segregation.
{"title":"Scandalous Conduct: Canadian Officer Courts Martial, 1914–45","authors":"Peter Kasurak","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2188743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2188743","url":null,"abstract":"forwardly positive process. Overall, despite the missing historiography, this is a very solid piece of scholarship. Your Children Are Very Greatly in Danger sets a new standard for local studies of de facto segregation. It points the way to how similar case studies should be done, particularly in terms of how local archival sources and being close to the ground can help paint a broader picture of how communities have evolved both into, and possibly, eventually out of, segregation.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114430091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2188739
Koji Ito
combination of external and internal factors. The outbreak of World War I is not in itself a sufficient explanation for why women’s suffrage was delayed in Britain. Another insight, resulting from a comparison of the British case to the United States, is the important role of institutions for long-term developments. For example, in the U.S. the legislative text uses a negative formulation, i.e., that “the right of citizens to vote... shall not be denied... on account of sex” (355). It is argued that this way of formulating voting possibilities opens for “a myriad of other reasons by which to prevent those deemed undesirable from casting a vote” (355). What is brought up in the book is the idea that the U.S. legislative text, compared to the British text where rights are formulated in positive language granting voting rights, has, in the US, enabled the persistence of barriers facing black voters and voters of working-class origin. The weaknesses of the book relate to the question who is the intended audience? All texts are well written and, combined with the clear thematic structure, this indicates an intention to reach an audience beyond academic scholars. However, it would have been a help to have a timeline over events and a chart spelling out links between various organizations. Such pedagogical tools would not have undermined the selling point of the book, i.e., the aim to show nuances and complexities, but would have been a useful reference point for readers with less knowledge about this particular period. Another reflection is that the afterword could have been put in the beginning of the book and replaced the current foreword. The afterword does a good job of spelling out the more general patterns that emerge from the various case studies whereas the current foreword is highly specialized on questions of peace and women’s political involvement. The afterword also raises important questions about why countries choose to portray important phases of history the way they do. Finally, it is reasonable to say that celebrations like the one in 2018 give an overly simplistic view of history. The solution however is not to stop celebrating such events but to encourage more research and public discussions on driving forces in important transition periods such as the development from male-only regimes to gender inclusive democracies. In order for such research to flourish, I would encourage more of cross-country comparative studies and the use of research methods equipped for the testing of various hypotheses on factors behind success and failures that can be extracted from the in-depth case studies in this edited volume.
{"title":"Biotic Borders: Transpacific Plant and Insect Migration and the Rise of anti-Asian Racism in America, 1890–1950","authors":"Koji Ito","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2188739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2188739","url":null,"abstract":"combination of external and internal factors. The outbreak of World War I is not in itself a sufficient explanation for why women’s suffrage was delayed in Britain. Another insight, resulting from a comparison of the British case to the United States, is the important role of institutions for long-term developments. For example, in the U.S. the legislative text uses a negative formulation, i.e., that “the right of citizens to vote... shall not be denied... on account of sex” (355). It is argued that this way of formulating voting possibilities opens for “a myriad of other reasons by which to prevent those deemed undesirable from casting a vote” (355). What is brought up in the book is the idea that the U.S. legislative text, compared to the British text where rights are formulated in positive language granting voting rights, has, in the US, enabled the persistence of barriers facing black voters and voters of working-class origin. The weaknesses of the book relate to the question who is the intended audience? All texts are well written and, combined with the clear thematic structure, this indicates an intention to reach an audience beyond academic scholars. However, it would have been a help to have a timeline over events and a chart spelling out links between various organizations. Such pedagogical tools would not have undermined the selling point of the book, i.e., the aim to show nuances and complexities, but would have been a useful reference point for readers with less knowledge about this particular period. Another reflection is that the afterword could have been put in the beginning of the book and replaced the current foreword. The afterword does a good job of spelling out the more general patterns that emerge from the various case studies whereas the current foreword is highly specialized on questions of peace and women’s political involvement. The afterword also raises important questions about why countries choose to portray important phases of history the way they do. Finally, it is reasonable to say that celebrations like the one in 2018 give an overly simplistic view of history. The solution however is not to stop celebrating such events but to encourage more research and public discussions on driving forces in important transition periods such as the development from male-only regimes to gender inclusive democracies. In order for such research to flourish, I would encourage more of cross-country comparative studies and the use of research methods equipped for the testing of various hypotheses on factors behind success and failures that can be extracted from the in-depth case studies in this edited volume.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131768613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2188738
Lena Wängnerud
{"title":"The Politics of Women’s Suffrage: Local, National and International Dimensions","authors":"Lena Wängnerud","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2188738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2188738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124365789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2188746
Z. Miletsky
{"title":"An African American Dilemma: A History of School Integration and Civil Rights in the North","authors":"Z. Miletsky","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2188746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2188746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128932016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2188748
Paul Rubinson
sometimes exceeded that of enslavers themselves. Enslaved people’s knowledge allowed them to create and inhabit rival geographies that facilitated the development or preservation of family and community ties across distance. Enslavers of course separated families at will to serve financial and other needs. Runaway ads testify to one way in which enslaved people sought connection. The annual festival of Pinkster was another moment when enslaved people could gather, albeit under white surveillance, and commune with family and friends. Incorporating both Dutch Christian and African—possibly also Christian—practices, Pinkster also provided a space for the strengthening of New World African ties. Most revealing is Mosterman’s chapter on African involvement in the eighteenth and nineteenth-century Dutch Reformed Church. She begins with the startling and little-known account of a formerly enslaved black man who passed as white for over a decade to serve as minister to three Ulster County congregations. The remainder of the chapter charts the ways in which Dutch Reformed Church buildings and practices used physical space to mark hierarchy. She states that previous historical discussions “focus on theology, not on the social aspects of church power or space” (106). Her analysis demonstrates what can be gained from a closer attention to these aspects. Overall, Spaces of Enslavement makes a strong argument that our knowledge of northern slavery would gain greatly if scholars paid greater attention to architectural, landscape and archaeological materials. Historians of the plantation south, as Mosterman demonstrates, have provided useful methodologies that can be applied to interpret northern practices. Mosterman’s focus on the Dutch legacy also indicates the histories of individuals and communities that still await incorporation into our understanding of the tapestry of American history.
{"title":"Atomic Americans: Citizens in A Nuclear State","authors":"Paul Rubinson","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2188748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2188748","url":null,"abstract":"sometimes exceeded that of enslavers themselves. Enslaved people’s knowledge allowed them to create and inhabit rival geographies that facilitated the development or preservation of family and community ties across distance. Enslavers of course separated families at will to serve financial and other needs. Runaway ads testify to one way in which enslaved people sought connection. The annual festival of Pinkster was another moment when enslaved people could gather, albeit under white surveillance, and commune with family and friends. Incorporating both Dutch Christian and African—possibly also Christian—practices, Pinkster also provided a space for the strengthening of New World African ties. Most revealing is Mosterman’s chapter on African involvement in the eighteenth and nineteenth-century Dutch Reformed Church. She begins with the startling and little-known account of a formerly enslaved black man who passed as white for over a decade to serve as minister to three Ulster County congregations. The remainder of the chapter charts the ways in which Dutch Reformed Church buildings and practices used physical space to mark hierarchy. She states that previous historical discussions “focus on theology, not on the social aspects of church power or space” (106). Her analysis demonstrates what can be gained from a closer attention to these aspects. Overall, Spaces of Enslavement makes a strong argument that our knowledge of northern slavery would gain greatly if scholars paid greater attention to architectural, landscape and archaeological materials. Historians of the plantation south, as Mosterman demonstrates, have provided useful methodologies that can be applied to interpret northern practices. Mosterman’s focus on the Dutch legacy also indicates the histories of individuals and communities that still await incorporation into our understanding of the tapestry of American history.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126899310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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