Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214017
Tanya Whitehouse
Naomi Davidson (2012), and Felix Germain and Silyane Larcher (2018), to name but a few, have pointed out postcolonial legacies still apparent in French politics, culture, and society. Parkash cites many of these scholars and is clearly in conversation with them. In framing the book as an expos e of hidden imperial legacies, Prakash sets up a rhetorical strawman he does not need. The strength of the book is not in proving that empire molded Paris. We know it did. Rather, the book’s innovation is its ability to move between scales, its attention to the local, the national, and the imperial. Empire on the Seine demonstrates that the Paris police sought to control North Africans in particular, targeted ways and shows how the political policing of Algerians during the Algerian War built surveillance goals into ostensibly nonpolice services. The most exciting argument of the book is this reframing of what we mean when we talk about policing. Prakash discusses police officials and the police as an institution, but he also includes an analysis of social services, urban planners, and building managers. The ghosts of empire, Prakash points out, are apparent in France today in the police treatment of sensible zones, and in the rhetoric around the blight of bidonvilles and public housing units (HLM). The book builds on the granular archival work of Emmanuel Blanchard’s La police parisienne et les Alg eriens (2011) to bring important new insights to the study of policing minorities in Paris and would be of interest to students and scholars of the French Empire, Paris, and (post)colonial policing. Pushing forward conversations about the scope and face of the police, Empire on the Seine invites scholars to rethink mechanisms of state power and forms of state violence.
Naomi Davidson(2012)、Felix Germain和Silyane Larcher(2018)等人指出，后殖民遗产在法国政治、文化和社会中仍然很明显。帕克卡什引用了许多这样的学者，并显然与他们进行了交谈。普拉卡什把这本书的框架设定为揭露隐藏的帝国遗产，他设置了一个他不需要的修辞稻草人。这本书的力量不在于证明帝国塑造了巴黎。我们知道确实如此。相反，这本书的创新之处在于它能够在不同的尺度之间移动，它对地方、国家和帝国的关注。《塞纳河上的帝国》展示了巴黎警察试图以有针对性的方式控制北非人，并展示了阿尔及利亚战争期间阿尔及利亚人的政治警务如何将监视目标建立在表面上的非警察服务中。这本书中最令人兴奋的论点是重新定义了我们谈论警察时的意思。普拉卡什将警察官员和警察作为一种制度进行了讨论，但他也对社会服务、城市规划者和建筑管理者进行了分析。普拉卡什指出，帝国的幽灵在今天的法国很明显，在警察对敏感地区的处理上，在围绕bidonvillage和公共住房单位(HLM)衰败的言论上。本书以伊曼纽尔·布兰查德(Emmanuel Blanchard)的《巴黎警察与阿尔及尔人》(La police parisienne and les algeriens)(2011)的详细档案工作为基础，为巴黎少数民族的警务研究带来了重要的新见解，对法兰西帝国、巴黎和(后)殖民时期警务的学生和学者来说，这本书可能会很有兴趣。《塞纳河上的帝国》推动了关于警察的范围和面貌的讨论，邀请学者们重新思考国家权力的机制和国家暴力的形式。
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Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214002
Bradley Hardy
{"title":"The End of Victory: Prevailing in the Thermonuclear Age","authors":"Bradley Hardy","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"27 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123579406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214010
Emily McLemore
extended to the printing business, politics, and international diplomacy. The phrase, often attributed to Walt Whitman incorrectly, “be curious, not judgmental,” should have come from Franklin since it defined his life. Hayes reveals this feature well even as he presents a Franklin that invites readers into the wider world of scholarship about the Founder. Such an invitation indicates that this book is by no means the last word on Franklin. But among all the books on this popular and charming figure who remains the quintessential rags-to-riches story in American folklore, Hayes’ volume is a reliable, readable, and well-executed introduction to Franklin in the wide variety of contexts in which he operated.
{"title":"Margery Kempe: A Mixed Life","authors":"Emily McLemore","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214010","url":null,"abstract":"extended to the printing business, politics, and international diplomacy. The phrase, often attributed to Walt Whitman incorrectly, “be curious, not judgmental,” should have come from Franklin since it defined his life. Hayes reveals this feature well even as he presents a Franklin that invites readers into the wider world of scholarship about the Founder. Such an invitation indicates that this book is by no means the last word on Franklin. But among all the books on this popular and charming figure who remains the quintessential rags-to-riches story in American folklore, Hayes’ volume is a reliable, readable, and well-executed introduction to Franklin in the wide variety of contexts in which he operated.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124803707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214009
Erin McKenna
glossary (255–259) which is of obvious use to a casual reader (and, it ought to be said, more seasoned academics too). Indeed, the appendices are of obvious use as a point of reference, including a list of undersheriffs in England, Ireland and Wales throughout this period (231–244). On a practical note, as a work that will be of significant use for many as a point of reference, I would have liked the contents page to have offered up much more detail, specifically the inclusion of the numerous subheadings within each chapter; this would have made targeting and accessing specific details of the sheriff’s role much simpler and would therefore have made the work more accessible. Being inherently specialist in its nature, I would expect this book to find its most obvious audience coming in the form of professional historians, especially those specializing in English county studies (in identifying its intended audience, I have essentially described myself), or perhaps undergraduates requiring a solid reference piece to explore and explain the workings of local administration in early modern England. It is therefore rather difficult to imagine this book being thumbed through by a general reader or sitting expectantly under someone’s Christmas tree. That is not to say, however, that the style is impenetrable: far from it. As mentioned above, each chapter is neatly divided into meaningful and easily digestible sections, all composed in an academic yet accessible tone and as such it is to be commended for its achievements. My main regret with this book is that it was not published some time ago. At a fair price, there is no reason why this book should not occupy a valuable space in university libraries across the kingdom. Perhaps this publication will inspire others and pave the way for a series of new studies into the other various key offices of local administration in early modern England.
{"title":"The Pragmatic Idea: Mary Field Parton and the Pursuit of a Progressive Society","authors":"Erin McKenna","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214009","url":null,"abstract":"glossary (255–259) which is of obvious use to a casual reader (and, it ought to be said, more seasoned academics too). Indeed, the appendices are of obvious use as a point of reference, including a list of undersheriffs in England, Ireland and Wales throughout this period (231–244). On a practical note, as a work that will be of significant use for many as a point of reference, I would have liked the contents page to have offered up much more detail, specifically the inclusion of the numerous subheadings within each chapter; this would have made targeting and accessing specific details of the sheriff’s role much simpler and would therefore have made the work more accessible. Being inherently specialist in its nature, I would expect this book to find its most obvious audience coming in the form of professional historians, especially those specializing in English county studies (in identifying its intended audience, I have essentially described myself), or perhaps undergraduates requiring a solid reference piece to explore and explain the workings of local administration in early modern England. It is therefore rather difficult to imagine this book being thumbed through by a general reader or sitting expectantly under someone’s Christmas tree. That is not to say, however, that the style is impenetrable: far from it. As mentioned above, each chapter is neatly divided into meaningful and easily digestible sections, all composed in an academic yet accessible tone and as such it is to be commended for its achievements. My main regret with this book is that it was not published some time ago. At a fair price, there is no reason why this book should not occupy a valuable space in university libraries across the kingdom. Perhaps this publication will inspire others and pave the way for a series of new studies into the other various key offices of local administration in early modern England.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114882712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214000
Danielle Beaujon
bols of status and tools of modesty. Chapter one. “Musk-scented, fragrant, invented by Venus”: Early gloves. The author introduces the earliest gloves with historical examples from ancient Rome and Egypt, and medieval times. In this chapter, the author shares a range of ways gloves accumulated meaning with literary examples supporting the historical. Gloves have been used to pledge loyalty and love, were associated with status acknowledgement and giving, but also signal defiance. Historically gloves were tied to rituals of social exchange, acknowledging thanks, and rites of passage and are linguistically linked to many facets of life. Chapter two. Tranks, Forgits and Quirks: Making Gloves. The transition of glove production from cottage industry to thirteenth century guilds and apprenticeships begins this chapter. Green explains that a glover had to be able to perfectly stitch, dye and perfume their work; the skill to accomplish this took many years of training. Advances in the manufacture of gloves related to industrialization during the nineteenth century are discussed. Rather than providing detailed information on the manufacture of gloves (both Redwood’s Gloves and Glove Making [2016] and Cummings’s Gloves [1982] provide this information), the author demonstrates by literary sources the ways the glove industry related to “ethics, politics, gender and class” of its customer (74). Chapter three: “Tear at the Thumb, Troubles to Come”: The Language of Gloves. Here Green uses both novels and etiquette books to support her thesis, “small but highly visible... gloves are ideally suited to projecting information” (85). This chapter delves into the communicative power of the gloved hand. From spiritual instruction, linguistic systems for the deaf to political messages, gloves can be used for literal messages. Usually, however, the language of gloves is more subtle. Gloves projected social differences though manners and etiquette. Choice of materials and colors, when and where wear them and remove them were intricately tied to conformity, sending the right message. Chapter four: “Fashioned by the Craft of Devils, and with Skins of the Dragon”: Magical Gloves. “Gloves are intrinsically mysterious” writes Green (141). From fairy tales to miraculous associations, often the qualities of the materials provided supernatural properties to a glove. Miraculous gloves associated with the lives of saints “mediate between good and evil” (123) or even have the power to heal. In the tales the author documents, gloves and hand often share the same attributes and powers, even to the extent of gloves acting independently from the hand. Again, intermingling historical and cultural facts with literary examples, Green weaves a tale of supernatural powers attributed to gloves. Chapter five: “Place this Glove neere thy Heart”: Gloves and Love. Poets, novelists, and artists proclaim the association between gloves and love, extending the symbolism of the magic glove to the re
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Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214004
Chan-hee Heo
had of the United States which rightly or not, attributed the crisis to this country and that in turn helped allow for the expansion of China’s power. In many ways, we are still living with the impact of decisions made at that time. Another theme in this volume that is worth highlighting is the important role that war has played on the development of the United States. This country started because of war with its colonial master, Britain, and war remained an important variable influencing the growth and also power and prestige of the United States. Also, the role of immigration and immigrants on the development of the United States cannot be overlooked. Mandelbaum’s discussion of immigration in this country from the 1860s to the early twentieth century sounds oddly familiar for the role that this issue played on domestic politics then and now. Writing about the early twentieth century he notes that “The inflow of immigrants created a backlash among native-born Americans, whose wages sometimes fell as the labor pool expanded and who often found the cultural habits the newcomers brought to be disturbing and even threating. In this way immigration affected domestic American politics” (123). This point is often echoed today. For all the praise that this volume deserves, it has some shortcomings not least of which is the author’s decision to stop in 2015. This overlooks the presidency of Donald Trump, which in many ways upended the patterns of U.S. foreign policy at this latest age. Mandelbaum gives us some tantalizing clues about the Trump administration and the current stage of U.S development as a “hyperpower,” claiming that “the United States found itself, in 2015, in a new era of foreign policy, the fifth in 250 years” (457), but he does not hint at what these might be or mean not only for this country, but also for the international system. Another critique, and admittedly it is a minor one, regards some of the decisions that the author made as to what to include or exclude. For example, while his documentation of treaties in the early years as well as much later in the country’s development gives us a complete assessment of U.S. relations with other countries and groups, including the native peoples, he omits a discussion of the founding of the state of Israel in 1948 and the U.S. support for the creation of that state which significantly altered the dynamics of the Middle East, an omission that I find curious. While he references this later on in the book as he discusses issues about the region, framing the creation of that state, and Truman’s support for it at the expense of a Palestinian state explains a great deal about the turmoil in the region since then, as well as the changing U.S. policy positions about a two-state solution and how much political capital any president would want to invest in the region for domestic as well as global reasons. This comprehensive narrative is easily accessible to anyone interested in the development of U.
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Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214016
L. Rădvan
{"title":"The Talk of the Town: Information and Community in Sixteenth-Century Switzerland","authors":"L. Rădvan","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127769719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214011
E. Mills
{"title":"Audubon at Sea: The Coastal and Transatlantic Adventures of John James Audubon","authors":"E. Mills","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134232537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214005
M. Kahn
(123). The author also drew a parallel with Mary Shelley’s own upbringing–both of Mary’s parents, Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin, emphasized the importance of environment on character. In this sense, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein shows the reader how people thought of ‘nature’ in the nature-versus-nurture debate and reminds them of the reality of living and dying in the early nineteenth century. Additionally, as Professor Ruston notes, Mary Shelley does not reveal how the Creature is made. This “absence of explanation allows us to read our own contemporary anxieties about science and technology through the novel” (62). Through the consequences of Victor’s experimentation, Mary Shelley’ Frankenstein questions whether scientific and medical progress justifies moral transgressions. Her novel allowed for the creation of a compelling story, one that continues to speak to people’s ambivalent feelings about the disruption and destruction new scientific inventions can bring to society. As Jon Turney (1998) noted “we are never going to be rid of Frankenstein even if we want to be. The story is too deeply embedded in our culture now not to leave its traces or raise echoes whenever we discuss our attitude to science and scientists” (Turney, 220). According to Skal (1998) Frankenstein “has become the dominant, if despairing, creation myth of modern times” (Skal, 57). Professor Ruston argues that Victor Frankenstein’s cold medical approach and lack of care for the ethics of the Creature is one of the most enduring influences that Mary Shelley’s novel has had on how people think of and feel about science and scientists. Professor Ruston’s careful analysis showcases why Frankenstein still feels relevant even after more than 200 years. From human and animal experimentation through cloning to artificial intelligence, science and technology are increasingly woven into the fabric of people’s daily lives, and there is a growing demand for a deeper understanding of the ethical issues surrounding scientific advancements. Professor Ruston’s work provides a vivid illustration of the potential dangers and risks of irresponsible scientific experimentations by connecting the emerging practice of scientific and medical research, just coming into view in Mary Shelley’s time, to older mythic traditions of alchemy, occult sciences, hubris, and forbidden knowledge. Given her evocative and engaging style, Professor Ruston’s book can inform not only academic professionals, but also college students and the public as well.
{"title":"Doping: A Sporting History","authors":"M. Kahn","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214005","url":null,"abstract":"(123). The author also drew a parallel with Mary Shelley’s own upbringing–both of Mary’s parents, Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin, emphasized the importance of environment on character. In this sense, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein shows the reader how people thought of ‘nature’ in the nature-versus-nurture debate and reminds them of the reality of living and dying in the early nineteenth century. Additionally, as Professor Ruston notes, Mary Shelley does not reveal how the Creature is made. This “absence of explanation allows us to read our own contemporary anxieties about science and technology through the novel” (62). Through the consequences of Victor’s experimentation, Mary Shelley’ Frankenstein questions whether scientific and medical progress justifies moral transgressions. Her novel allowed for the creation of a compelling story, one that continues to speak to people’s ambivalent feelings about the disruption and destruction new scientific inventions can bring to society. As Jon Turney (1998) noted “we are never going to be rid of Frankenstein even if we want to be. The story is too deeply embedded in our culture now not to leave its traces or raise echoes whenever we discuss our attitude to science and scientists” (Turney, 220). According to Skal (1998) Frankenstein “has become the dominant, if despairing, creation myth of modern times” (Skal, 57). Professor Ruston argues that Victor Frankenstein’s cold medical approach and lack of care for the ethics of the Creature is one of the most enduring influences that Mary Shelley’s novel has had on how people think of and feel about science and scientists. Professor Ruston’s careful analysis showcases why Frankenstein still feels relevant even after more than 200 years. From human and animal experimentation through cloning to artificial intelligence, science and technology are increasingly woven into the fabric of people’s daily lives, and there is a growing demand for a deeper understanding of the ethical issues surrounding scientific advancements. Professor Ruston’s work provides a vivid illustration of the potential dangers and risks of irresponsible scientific experimentations by connecting the emerging practice of scientific and medical research, just coming into view in Mary Shelley’s time, to older mythic traditions of alchemy, occult sciences, hubris, and forbidden knowledge. Given her evocative and engaging style, Professor Ruston’s book can inform not only academic professionals, but also college students and the public as well.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"49 38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128764025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03612759.2023.2214014
Péter Nagy
drew their wealth from trading, especially in spices. Under the Nabateans, Aramaic and Arabic were interwoven, for the kingdom’s inhabitants spoke Arabic. Nabatean became a model for the development of Arabic’s written form—many Aramaic loanwords, morphological features and literary forms found their way from the Nabateans into later Arabic. In the final chapter, Gzella discusses Aramaic today. Several Neo-Aramaic dialects survived into the modern world as local dialects used by a single town surrounded by a sea of Arabic speakers. Today, the wars and displacements of the twentieth century are leading to the extinction of these last Aramaic dialects. Work is being done to document them as speakers grow older and pass away. Despite the problems with his presentation of Jewish Aramaic in the rabbinic period, Holger Gzella has done an important service by writing this history of Aramaic, one of the most widespread and longest-lasting languages of the Middle East. Although this book needs a more robust Chapter 7—and in the meantime must be supplemented by reference to fully researched works such as The Targums: A Critical Introduction, written by myself and Bruce Chilton—it deserves a place on the linguistic and reference shelves in academic and specialist libraries.
{"title":"The Science of Life and Death in Frankenstein","authors":"Péter Nagy","doi":"10.1080/03612759.2023.2214014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2023.2214014","url":null,"abstract":"drew their wealth from trading, especially in spices. Under the Nabateans, Aramaic and Arabic were interwoven, for the kingdom’s inhabitants spoke Arabic. Nabatean became a model for the development of Arabic’s written form—many Aramaic loanwords, morphological features and literary forms found their way from the Nabateans into later Arabic. In the final chapter, Gzella discusses Aramaic today. Several Neo-Aramaic dialects survived into the modern world as local dialects used by a single town surrounded by a sea of Arabic speakers. Today, the wars and displacements of the twentieth century are leading to the extinction of these last Aramaic dialects. Work is being done to document them as speakers grow older and pass away. Despite the problems with his presentation of Jewish Aramaic in the rabbinic period, Holger Gzella has done an important service by writing this history of Aramaic, one of the most widespread and longest-lasting languages of the Middle East. Although this book needs a more robust Chapter 7—and in the meantime must be supplemented by reference to fully researched works such as The Targums: A Critical Introduction, written by myself and Bruce Chilton—it deserves a place on the linguistic and reference shelves in academic and specialist libraries.","PeriodicalId":220055,"journal":{"name":"History: Reviews of New Books","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127510986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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