Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060095
Shrikant Kulkarni, H. Manoj, S. David, V. Madumbu, Y. Kumar
This paper presents a robust hand gesture analysis system. The approach uses the video analytic technique of motion templates rather than conventional gesture recognition algorithms. Also, it utilizes background modeling and skin pixel detection which further strengthens the approach by making it tolerant to background clutter and noise. In addition it reduces the false detections to a considerable extent. The system does not necessitate the user to wear any coloured caps or gloves for the hands. Encouraging results were obtained and it was found that the methodology is flexible and can be manipulated to suit gesture based interaction as per the requirements of a system. It can also be implemented as a standalone system.
{"title":"Robust hand gesture recognition system using motion templates","authors":"Shrikant Kulkarni, H. Manoj, S. David, V. Madumbu, Y. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060095","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a robust hand gesture analysis system. The approach uses the video analytic technique of motion templates rather than conventional gesture recognition algorithms. Also, it utilizes background modeling and skin pixel detection which further strengthens the approach by making it tolerant to background clutter and noise. In addition it reduces the false detections to a considerable extent. The system does not necessitate the user to wear any coloured caps or gloves for the hands. Encouraging results were obtained and it was found that the methodology is flexible and can be manipulated to suit gesture based interaction as per the requirements of a system. It can also be implemented as a standalone system.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"61 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130524501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060055
D. Leihs
Low Emission Zones (LEZ) are the municipalities' response to the European Clean Air Directive, which obliges regional governments to take appropriate measures to not exceed certain thresholds for pollutants like particle matter (PM), NOX, etc Most LEZ are regulating the access for polluting cars, though the regulations are different and act differently in changing the driver's behavior. Mostly, the pollution class is subject to the regulation; mostly it aims at the particle matter emissions, sometimes the vehicle class is considered, sometimes both is combined. The access regulation is either a pure drive ban or a charge has to be paid. Drive bans are easy to implement as they are a variant of traffic law. In addition they work immediately as people are forced to change their habits immediately. Though, pure driving bans are disadvantageous for certain population groups like inactive households or small trade, starting a public debate about the appropriateness of the measure that overshadows environmental opinion making. Moreover, long transition phases and vast exemptions foil the emission targets. By collecting charges, people are not excluded from accessing the city and may adopt according to their individual capabilities and needs. The experience shows that emission targets and public acceptance are well achievable with charged low emission zones. Regarding greenhouse gas (GHG), the general public does not distinguish between pollutants that are threatening health and emissions that promote global warming — in the case of car use, both originate from the same process. Driving ban zones cannot be used as too many people would be excluded; The principle of charged zones though does not excluded from entering the city, but people are encouraged to change mobility behavior according to their capabilities, individual situation and needs. The recently published EC White Paper of Transport targets at a 50% drop of CO2 emissions from private cars in cities. So there is hardly an alternative to changing mobility behavior. Offering electric cars in the shop windows of car vendors is not enough. People need a stimulus to activate behavioral changes.
{"title":"Effects and potentials of LEZ in Europe: Do they really work?","authors":"D. Leihs","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060055","url":null,"abstract":"Low Emission Zones (LEZ) are the municipalities' response to the European Clean Air Directive, which obliges regional governments to take appropriate measures to not exceed certain thresholds for pollutants like particle matter (PM), NOX, etc Most LEZ are regulating the access for polluting cars, though the regulations are different and act differently in changing the driver's behavior. Mostly, the pollution class is subject to the regulation; mostly it aims at the particle matter emissions, sometimes the vehicle class is considered, sometimes both is combined. The access regulation is either a pure drive ban or a charge has to be paid. Drive bans are easy to implement as they are a variant of traffic law. In addition they work immediately as people are forced to change their habits immediately. Though, pure driving bans are disadvantageous for certain population groups like inactive households or small trade, starting a public debate about the appropriateness of the measure that overshadows environmental opinion making. Moreover, long transition phases and vast exemptions foil the emission targets. By collecting charges, people are not excluded from accessing the city and may adopt according to their individual capabilities and needs. The experience shows that emission targets and public acceptance are well achievable with charged low emission zones. Regarding greenhouse gas (GHG), the general public does not distinguish between pollutants that are threatening health and emissions that promote global warming — in the case of car use, both originate from the same process. Driving ban zones cannot be used as too many people would be excluded; The principle of charged zones though does not excluded from entering the city, but people are encouraged to change mobility behavior according to their capabilities, individual situation and needs. The recently published EC White Paper of Transport targets at a 50% drop of CO2 emissions from private cars in cities. So there is hardly an alternative to changing mobility behavior. Offering electric cars in the shop windows of car vendors is not enough. People need a stimulus to activate behavioral changes.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127822397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060130
M. Youssef
This research presents a technique to protect computer networks communication by modifying communication protocol identifier. The main advantage of this technique is preventing "man in the middle" meddling from reconstructing sessions from collected data. Consequently, this approach can overcome seamless attacks performed by passive tapping and nonintrusive data captu ring techniques.
{"title":"Securing computer networks communication by modifying computer network communication protocols","authors":"M. Youssef","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060130","url":null,"abstract":"This research presents a technique to protect computer networks communication by modifying communication protocol identifier. The main advantage of this technique is preventing \"man in the middle\" meddling from reconstructing sessions from collected data. Consequently, this approach can overcome seamless attacks performed by passive tapping and nonintrusive data captu ring techniques.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"51 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131652324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060140
Kao-Peng Chou, Che-Kang Sun
A modified decision directed channel interpolation techniques of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system is proposed in this paper. The decision directed channel tracking method in OFDM system always encounters the error propagation problem. To make a practical design, the modified decision directed method in this paper is a low complexity algorithm which can lower the effect of decision error propagation. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperform conventional block interpolations as the SNR exceed certain level.
{"title":"A modified decision directed channel tracking of 802.11p OFDM system","authors":"Kao-Peng Chou, Che-Kang Sun","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060140","url":null,"abstract":"A modified decision directed channel interpolation techniques of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system is proposed in this paper. The decision directed channel tracking method in OFDM system always encounters the error propagation problem. To make a practical design, the modified decision directed method in this paper is a low complexity algorithm which can lower the effect of decision error propagation. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperform conventional block interpolations as the SNR exceed certain level.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131944440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060041
I. Kolmanovsky, Kevin McDonough, O. Gusikhin
This paper reports the development of vehicle fuel flow estimation algorithms based entirely on signals available through the standard OBD-II interface. The paper also illustrates the use of the resulting fuel flow estimates for adaptation and optimization. The fuel flow estimation algorithm functionality differs depending on the powertrain type (gasoline versus diesel, naturally aspirated versus boosted, conventional versus hybrid electric, etc.). To facilitate fuel and time efficient vehicle routing, an adaptation algorithm based on the recursive least squares (Kalman filtering) is defined. This adaptation algorithm learns the expected values and the variances of fuel consumption and travel time from multiple drives of a given vehicle over a given route segment. The use of adaptation from data reduces the need for accurate predictive modeling of vehicle fuel consumption and travel time which depend on difficult to predict and incorporate into the model traffic conditions, topographical road information, weather conditions, and inherently present vehicle-to-vehicle, driver-to-driver and fuel variability. The use of the adaptive models for optimization of vehicle travel is showcased with a simple example of optimizing time of day of departure decisions for a service vehicle. Finally, the use of a large interconnected network of adaptive models for vehicle fleet operation optimization is discussed.
{"title":"Estimation of fuel flow for telematics-enabled adaptive fuel and time efficient vehicle routing","authors":"I. Kolmanovsky, Kevin McDonough, O. Gusikhin","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the development of vehicle fuel flow estimation algorithms based entirely on signals available through the standard OBD-II interface. The paper also illustrates the use of the resulting fuel flow estimates for adaptation and optimization. The fuel flow estimation algorithm functionality differs depending on the powertrain type (gasoline versus diesel, naturally aspirated versus boosted, conventional versus hybrid electric, etc.). To facilitate fuel and time efficient vehicle routing, an adaptation algorithm based on the recursive least squares (Kalman filtering) is defined. This adaptation algorithm learns the expected values and the variances of fuel consumption and travel time from multiple drives of a given vehicle over a given route segment. The use of adaptation from data reduces the need for accurate predictive modeling of vehicle fuel consumption and travel time which depend on difficult to predict and incorporate into the model traffic conditions, topographical road information, weather conditions, and inherently present vehicle-to-vehicle, driver-to-driver and fuel variability. The use of the adaptive models for optimization of vehicle travel is showcased with a simple example of optimizing time of day of departure decisions for a service vehicle. Finally, the use of a large interconnected network of adaptive models for vehicle fleet operation optimization is discussed.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129262640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060065
W. Hahn
This paper discusses the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core (EPC) as a deployment of a distributed data plane architecture. Distributed GWs in connection with user mobility may result in the need to optimize data routing by GW relocation. It is proposed to include the GWs itself in the decision on GW relocation what is currently done in the control plane node (mobility management entity) only. Proposals are made to allow the relocation also for active mode devices (user activity detection), to detect the occurrence of a non optimal routing situation and to detect situations where a relocation should be suppressed to avoid particularly poor user experience. These improvements are compared with other solutions.
{"title":"3GPP Evolved Packet Core support for distributed mobility anchors: Control enhancements for GW relocation","authors":"W. Hahn","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060065","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core (EPC) as a deployment of a distributed data plane architecture. Distributed GWs in connection with user mobility may result in the need to optimize data routing by GW relocation. It is proposed to include the GWs itself in the decision on GW relocation what is currently done in the control plane node (mobility management entity) only. Proposals are made to allow the relocation also for active mode devices (user activity detection), to detect the occurrence of a non optimal routing situation and to detect situations where a relocation should be suppressed to avoid particularly poor user experience. These improvements are compared with other solutions.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129268805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060100
K. Hassan, C. N. Nzeza, R. Gautier, E. Radoi, M. Berbineau, I. Dayoub
The blind interception process of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signals have recently gained more attention. The number of transmitting antennas is an important information for many blind MIMO algorithms. In this paper, several algorithms for blind detection of the number of transmitting antennas are presented. These different algorithms are evaluated and a performance comparison is presented. Spatial correlation is a crucial factor for practical MIMO systems. This paper addresses for the first time the problem of blind detection of the number of transmitting antennas in spatially correlated MIMO systems.
{"title":"Blind detection of the number of transmitting antennas for spatially-correlated MIMO systems","authors":"K. Hassan, C. N. Nzeza, R. Gautier, E. Radoi, M. Berbineau, I. Dayoub","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060100","url":null,"abstract":"The blind interception process of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signals have recently gained more attention. The number of transmitting antennas is an important information for many blind MIMO algorithms. In this paper, several algorithms for blind detection of the number of transmitting antennas are presented. These different algorithms are evaluated and a performance comparison is presented. Spatial correlation is a crucial factor for practical MIMO systems. This paper addresses for the first time the problem of blind detection of the number of transmitting antennas in spatially correlated MIMO systems.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"38 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128514981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060063
R. Toledo-Moreo, D. Gruyer, A. Lambert
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) offer a great value for many location-based services and applications. However, due to their limitations in terms of coverage, continuity, accuracy and integrity, GNSS are often fused with some extra aiding sensors. To perform the data fusion of multiple sensors it is possible to find in the literature of the field a large number of approaches that claim better accuracy, efficiency in computational terms or robustness than a reference one that is given for comparison. Normally, this reference is the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), the most common version of the Kalman Filter for non-linear systems. However, because sensors, tests, filter tunings, etc. vary largely from one publication to another, it is not possible in many occasions to have a clear idea of the real benefits of the different methods in fair terms. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the goodness of the EKF in loosely coupled data fusion architectures. The methodology presented can be applied to understand the limitations of different approaches for fusing multiple sensors in non-linear systems. Illustrations depict a real case with a sensor-set consisting of a GNSS, a gyro and the odometry of a road vehicle.
{"title":"A theoretical analysis of the Extended Kalman Filter for data fusion in vehicular positioning","authors":"R. Toledo-Moreo, D. Gruyer, A. Lambert","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060063","url":null,"abstract":"Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) offer a great value for many location-based services and applications. However, due to their limitations in terms of coverage, continuity, accuracy and integrity, GNSS are often fused with some extra aiding sensors. To perform the data fusion of multiple sensors it is possible to find in the literature of the field a large number of approaches that claim better accuracy, efficiency in computational terms or robustness than a reference one that is given for comparison. Normally, this reference is the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), the most common version of the Kalman Filter for non-linear systems. However, because sensors, tests, filter tunings, etc. vary largely from one publication to another, it is not possible in many occasions to have a clear idea of the real benefits of the different methods in fair terms. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the goodness of the EKF in loosely coupled data fusion architectures. The methodology presented can be applied to understand the limitations of different approaches for fusing multiple sensors in non-linear systems. Illustrations depict a real case with a sensor-set consisting of a GNSS, a gyro and the odometry of a road vehicle.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125118255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060092
Jargalsaikhan Iveel, S. David
Three dimensional scene reconstruction, sometimes referred as view synthesis, is a problem in the area of Stereo Vision, which is the most widely used method for gathering depth information from 2D scenes. Stereo vision finds many applications in automated systems such robotics, tracking object in 3D space and constructing a 3D spatial model of a scene. There are many human-machine control applications, such vision based remote control system which exploits stereo vision to control the machine in a touch-free environment. In this paper, we present a new stereo vision matching algorithm using an adaptive support window. In many area based algorithms, the selection and computation of the size and shape of the window is the most crucial factor for obtaining high quality disparity map. We developed an adaptive support window based stereo matching using similar color regions selected by the seed growing algorithm. The proposed approach is tested on Middlebury stereo images and results were promising.
{"title":"A novel adaptive support window based stereo matching algorithm for 3D reconstruction from 2D images","authors":"Jargalsaikhan Iveel, S. David","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060092","url":null,"abstract":"Three dimensional scene reconstruction, sometimes referred as view synthesis, is a problem in the area of Stereo Vision, which is the most widely used method for gathering depth information from 2D scenes. Stereo vision finds many applications in automated systems such robotics, tracking object in 3D space and constructing a 3D spatial model of a scene. There are many human-machine control applications, such vision based remote control system which exploits stereo vision to control the machine in a touch-free environment. In this paper, we present a new stereo vision matching algorithm using an adaptive support window. In many area based algorithms, the selection and computation of the size and shape of the window is the most crucial factor for obtaining high quality disparity map. We developed an adaptive support window based stereo matching using similar color regions selected by the seed growing algorithm. The proposed approach is tested on Middlebury stereo images and results were promising.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122903513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-27DOI: 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060087
D. Ashok, M. Pai, J. Mouzna
One of the key aspects of any communication system is routing of packets. VANET is no exception and poses special challenges in routing techniques. Position based routing protocols are considered to be apt for vehicular networks [1] and to realize that a location service is being used. For a packet to be routed to a destination across the network, the destination's position is to be known in advance. In this paper a new location service paradigm is being proposed to get the destination car's position. An adaptive location update policy is being proposed to maintain up-to-date location information at the location server. The location service uses a density aware server selection policy which selects servers at high density regions of a city. A localized query answering strategy is used for replying to location queries where a server with latest location information replies for a query. The proposed solution is found to be an efficient model for providing location service and ensures a query success ratio of 90.10% at its peak and decreased localization error, at an average of 8m.
{"title":"Efficient map based location service for VANETs","authors":"D. Ashok, M. Pai, J. Mouzna","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2011.6060087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2011.6060087","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key aspects of any communication system is routing of packets. VANET is no exception and poses special challenges in routing techniques. Position based routing protocols are considered to be apt for vehicular networks [1] and to realize that a location service is being used. For a packet to be routed to a destination across the network, the destination's position is to be known in advance. In this paper a new location service paradigm is being proposed to get the destination car's position. An adaptive location update policy is being proposed to maintain up-to-date location information at the location server. The location service uses a density aware server selection policy which selects servers at high density regions of a city. A localized query answering strategy is used for replying to location queries where a server with latest location information replies for a query. The proposed solution is found to be an efficient model for providing location service and ensures a query success ratio of 90.10% at its peak and decreased localization error, at an average of 8m.","PeriodicalId":220290,"journal":{"name":"2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123472927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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