It has been hypothesized that contextual variables (i.e. match location, opponents’ level) could be important deter- minants of running performance (RP) in soccer matches, but empirical studies provided inconsistent evidences. This study aimed to investigate the associations between contextual variables (CV) and RP in Croatian soccer players. Players’ RP (n=193) were evaluated, and used as cases in this study. CV included match outcome (win-draw-loss), opponent’s level (higher vs. lower ranked), and match location (home-away). RP were measured by global position- ing system during the soccer matches in seasons 2018/19 (n=14) and 2019/20 (n=15) of Croatian first division, and included: the total distance covered, low-intensity (<14.3 km/h), running (14.4–19.7 km/h), high-intensity running (>19.8 km/h), high-speed running (19.8–25.1 km/h) and sprinting (>25.2 km/h). Results indicated significantly great- er amount of distance covered in running zone for away matches (F-test: 7.83, p<0.01, small effect size; 1392±353 m and 1262±294 m, for home and away matches, respectively). Similar RP were observed irrespective of opponents’ level (F-test: 0.05 to 1.53, p>0.05). Lowest total-, low- and running-zone distances were evidenced in won matches (9893±896 m, 8035±614 m and 1241±312 m, respectively), followed by drawn matches (10298±913 m, 8287±838 m and 1363±320 m, respectively) and lost matches (10355±1052 m, 8279±742 m and 1406±343 m, respectively). This study demonstrated that (i) won matches were characterized by lower RP, (ii) association between RP and match location was limited, (iii) RP was not related to the opponents’ level.
{"title":"Analysis of the Associations between Contextual Variables and Match Running Performance in Croatian First Division Soccer","authors":"Zlatko Jerkovic, Tonći Modrić, Šime Veršić","doi":"10.26773/smj.220619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220619","url":null,"abstract":"It has been hypothesized that contextual variables (i.e. match location, opponents’ level) could be important deter- minants of running performance (RP) in soccer matches, but empirical studies provided inconsistent evidences. This study aimed to investigate the associations between contextual variables (CV) and RP in Croatian soccer players. Players’ RP (n=193) were evaluated, and used as cases in this study. CV included match outcome (win-draw-loss), opponent’s level (higher vs. lower ranked), and match location (home-away). RP were measured by global position- ing system during the soccer matches in seasons 2018/19 (n=14) and 2019/20 (n=15) of Croatian first division, and included: the total distance covered, low-intensity (<14.3 km/h), running (14.4–19.7 km/h), high-intensity running (>19.8 km/h), high-speed running (19.8–25.1 km/h) and sprinting (>25.2 km/h). Results indicated significantly great- er amount of distance covered in running zone for away matches (F-test: 7.83, p<0.01, small effect size; 1392±353 m and 1262±294 m, for home and away matches, respectively). Similar RP were observed irrespective of opponents’ level (F-test: 0.05 to 1.53, p>0.05). Lowest total-, low- and running-zone distances were evidenced in won matches (9893±896 m, 8035±614 m and 1241±312 m, respectively), followed by drawn matches (10298±913 m, 8287±838 m and 1363±320 m, respectively) and lost matches (10355±1052 m, 8279±742 m and 1406±343 m, respectively). This study demonstrated that (i) won matches were characterized by lower RP, (ii) association between RP and match location was limited, (iii) RP was not related to the opponents’ level.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"595 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77233513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sport climbers should possess specific anthropometric characteristics and conditioning capacities to reach a top level in this sport. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine gender differences in the fitness status of the top-level youth sport climbers. METHODS: The study was conducted on 20 elite Croatian youth sport climbers (all members of the national team, ten females; 13-18 years of age). The variables included anthropometric status (mass, height, arm span, and body fat percentage), generic- (countermovement- and squat-jump, grip strength), and specific-fitness tests (power slap test and Draga foot lift). RESULTS: Boys were taller than girls (t-test=2.51, p=0.02, moderate effect size (ES)), and had lower body fat percentage (t=- 5.66, p=0.001, very large ES). Boys achieved better results in countermovement- (t=5.39, p=0.001, very large ES) and squat-jump (t=2.19, p=0.04, moderate ES), while there were no gender differences in the specific fitness tests. CONCLUSION: Gender differences were observed in generic but not in specific fitness, which may indicate that climbing is a specific sport that requires and develops specific abilities in a similar way in boys and girls.
{"title":"Fitness Profiling in Top-Level Youth Sport Climbing; Gender Differences","authors":"Dario Vrdoljak, Barbara Gilić, Dean Kontić","doi":"10.26773/smj.220617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220617","url":null,"abstract":"Sport climbers should possess specific anthropometric characteristics and conditioning capacities to reach a top level in this sport. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine gender differences in the fitness status of the top-level youth sport climbers. METHODS: The study was conducted on 20 elite Croatian youth sport climbers (all members of the national team, ten females; 13-18 years of age). The variables included anthropometric status (mass, height, arm span, and body fat percentage), generic- (countermovement- and squat-jump, grip strength), and specific-fitness tests (power slap test and Draga foot lift). RESULTS: Boys were taller than girls (t-test=2.51, p=0.02, moderate effect size (ES)), and had lower body fat percentage (t=- 5.66, p=0.001, very large ES). Boys achieved better results in countermovement- (t=5.39, p=0.001, very large ES) and squat-jump (t=2.19, p=0.04, moderate ES), while there were no gender differences in the specific fitness tests. CONCLUSION: Gender differences were observed in generic but not in specific fitness, which may indicate that climbing is a specific sport that requires and develops specific abilities in a similar way in boys and girls.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86962350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative disorder in the neck that is very common and worsens with age: it can limit the ability to participate in normal activities and is also costly to treat. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of isometric and dynamic exercises on cervical spondylosis. This study was conducted at the center for physical therapy and rehabilitation in “Banja e Kllokotit”, Kllokot, Kosovo. The total number of patients included in the study was 60 people of both sexes, who were randomly divided into two groups (group A, n=30; group B, n=30) and received ten sessions of physical therapy. Group A was treated with thermotherapy, electrotherapy, dynamic exercises for the muscles of the cervical region, stretching and deep transverse massage; while group B was treated with thermotherapy, electrotherapy, isometric exercises, and stretching. Range of motion was measured with a standard goniometer, while the level of pain was estimated by the numerical rating scale of pain (NRS). Evaluation of patients was done before and after ten sessions of treatment. The results showed significant difference between groups related to mobility in flexion (P=0.052), extension (P =0.743) side bending (P<0.000) and pain parameters (P<0.000); the group of patients treated with dynamic exercise showed better results and performance after 10 sessions of physical therapy. It can be concluded that dynamic exercise produces better results compared to isometric exercises.
颈椎病是一种非常常见的颈部退行性疾病，并随着年龄的增长而恶化:它可以限制参与正常活动的能力，而且治疗费用也很高。本研究的目的是观察等长运动和动态运动对颈椎病的影响。这项研究是在科索沃克勒科特“Banja e Kllokotit”的物理治疗和康复中心进行的。纳入研究的患者共60例，男女均有，随机分为两组(A组，n=30;B组，n=30)，接受10次物理治疗。A组采用热疗、电疗、颈椎肌肉动态锻炼、拉伸及深横向按摩治疗;B组采用热疗、电疗、等长运动、拉伸等治疗。用标准测角仪测量运动范围，用疼痛数值评定量表(NRS)评估疼痛程度。在治疗前后分别对患者进行评估。结果显示，两组患者在屈曲(P=0.052)、伸展(P= 0.743)、侧屈(P<0.000)和疼痛参数方面的活动度差异有统计学意义;接受动态运动治疗的患者在10次物理治疗后表现出更好的结果和表现。可以得出结论，动态运动比等距运动产生更好的效果。
{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Isometric versus Dynamic Exercises on Cervical Spondylosis","authors":"A. Gashi, Arjeta Azemi","doi":"10.26773/smj.220604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220604","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative disorder in the neck that is very common and worsens with age: it can limit the ability to participate in normal activities and is also costly to treat. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of isometric and dynamic exercises on cervical spondylosis. This study was conducted at the center for physical therapy and rehabilitation in “Banja e Kllokotit”, Kllokot, Kosovo. The total number of patients included in the study was 60 people of both sexes, who were randomly divided into two groups (group A, n=30; group B, n=30) and received ten sessions of physical therapy. Group A was treated with thermotherapy, electrotherapy, dynamic exercises for the muscles of the cervical region, stretching and deep transverse massage; while group B was treated with thermotherapy, electrotherapy, isometric exercises, and stretching. Range of motion was measured with a standard goniometer, while the level of pain was estimated by the numerical rating scale of pain (NRS). Evaluation of patients was done before and after ten sessions of treatment. The results showed significant difference between groups related to mobility in flexion (P=0.052), extension (P =0.743) side bending (P<0.000) and pain parameters (P<0.000); the group of patients treated with dynamic exercise showed better results and performance after 10 sessions of physical therapy. It can be concluded that dynamic exercise produces better results compared to isometric exercises.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87419274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The results of numerous kinesiological studies in contemporary armed forces of today indicate the considerable role that the motor skills of soldiers play in the performance of multi-purpose specific tasks. The aim of this research was to determine targeted motor profiles of military pilots. The sample of participants consisted 20 military pilots of the Armed Forces of Montenegro, aged 36.3±11 years. The sample of measurements included 18 indicators of motor skills for the evaluation of precision, balance, flexibility, speed, coordination, explosive power, repetitive strength, aerobic and anaerobic endurance. The central and dispersion parameters of the variables were calculated. It was determined that the motor profile of military pilots was not at a satisfactory level, except for indicators of aerobic endurance, and explosive and repetitive strength. The results obtained indicate the need to carry out further research to predominantly study the impact of a broad spectrum of motor predictors on the criterion in the form of simulation movements of military tasks typical for certain military specialties. This would provide important data pertaining to military organization in the sense of improving the assessment and development of the conditioning potentials of soldiers.
{"title":"Motor Status of Military Pilots in Montenegro","authors":"B. Banjević, Borko Katanic","doi":"10.26773/smj.220613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220613","url":null,"abstract":"The results of numerous kinesiological studies in contemporary armed forces of today indicate the considerable role that the motor skills of soldiers play in the performance of multi-purpose specific tasks. The aim of this research was to determine targeted motor profiles of military pilots. The sample of participants consisted 20 military pilots of the Armed Forces of Montenegro, aged 36.3±11 years. The sample of measurements included 18 indicators of motor skills for the evaluation of precision, balance, flexibility, speed, coordination, explosive power, repetitive strength, aerobic and anaerobic endurance. The central and dispersion parameters of the variables were calculated. It was determined that the motor profile of military pilots was not at a satisfactory level, except for indicators of aerobic endurance, and explosive and repetitive strength. The results obtained indicate the need to carry out further research to predominantly study the impact of a broad spectrum of motor predictors on the criterion in the form of simulation movements of military tasks typical for certain military specialties. This would provide important data pertaining to military organization in the sense of improving the assessment and development of the conditioning potentials of soldiers.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79759347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vladimir Pavlinović, M. Spasić, Nikola Foretić, Dean Kontić, N. Zenić
In this study, we investigated the influence of balance, jumping power, and speed as well as morphological variables for three different agility tests in early pubescent boys (n=73) and girls (n=63). The predictors included body height and mass, body fat, high jumps, the overall stability index, ankle mobility, and a 10 and a 15 m sprint. The statistical analysis included calculations of correlations, regression models for the correlated variables, and the validation of the regression models. The calculated regression models for the male group explained 38% of the variance in a Zig-Zag test, 12% in a 20-yard test (20Y), and 81% in a T-test. The significant regression model for the Zig-Zag test included body mass, high jumps, and a 10 m sprint. The 20Y test had no predictors in the male group. For the T-test, the only predictor was the 10 m sprint. The calculated regression models for the female group explained 57% of the variance in the Zig-Zag test, 32% in the 20Y test, and 42% in the T-test. The significant regression model in the female group included only the 10 m sprint for all three agility criteria. The regression models were cross-validated using the second half of the sample (boys: n=36; girls: n=31). The correlation between the predicted and the achieved scores provided a statistically significant validation for all agility tests.
{"title":"Differential Influence of General Anthropometric and Motor Predictors on Pre-planned Agility in Pubescent Boys and Girls: A Multiple Regression Study","authors":"Vladimir Pavlinović, M. Spasić, Nikola Foretić, Dean Kontić, N. Zenić","doi":"10.26773/smj.220612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220612","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated the influence of balance, jumping power, and speed as well as morphological variables for three different agility tests in early pubescent boys (n=73) and girls (n=63). The predictors included body height and mass, body fat, high jumps, the overall stability index, ankle mobility, and a 10 and a 15 m sprint. The statistical analysis included calculations of correlations, regression models for the correlated variables, and the validation of the regression models. The calculated regression models for the male group explained 38% of the variance in a Zig-Zag test, 12% in a 20-yard test (20Y), and 81% in a T-test. The significant regression model for the Zig-Zag test included body mass, high jumps, and a 10 m sprint. The 20Y test had no predictors in the male group. For the T-test, the only predictor was the 10 m sprint. The calculated regression models for the female group explained 57% of the variance in the Zig-Zag test, 32% in the 20Y test, and 42% in the T-test. The significant regression model in the female group included only the 10 m sprint for all three agility criteria. The regression models were cross-validated using the second half of the sample (boys: n=36; girls: n=31). The correlation between the predicted and the achieved scores provided a statistically significant validation for all agility tests.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80948710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing popularity of wearable physical activity (PA) monitors and fitness applications (apps) in recent years and the vast amounts of data that they generate present attractive possibilities for surveillance. However, measurement accuracy is indispensable when tracking PA variables to provide meaningful measures of PA. The purpose of this study was to examine the criterion validity of wearable PA monitors and a combination of GPS and accelerometer free of charge smartphone apps, during self-paced outdoor walking and running. Thirty-eight healthy adolescents (15.3±2.0 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. They were fitted with Garmin Forerunner 310XT, Garmin Vivofit, Medisana Vifit, and smartphones running the Runkeeper, Runtastic, Sports Tracker (GPS), Pedometer, Accupedo, Pedometer and Pedometer 2.0 (accelerometer) apps. They were asked to walk and run 1.22 km for each trial and two researchers counted every step taken during trials with a digital tally counter. Validity was evaluated by comparing each device with the criterion measure using Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPE) and Bland-Altman plots. MAPE were low for Forerunner and GPS apps for distance in both conditions (2.27%- 9.73%), and significantly higher for the accelerometer monitors and apps (6.92%-39.02%). Vivofit (MAPE=6.51%) and Vifit (MAPE=6.66%) accurately estimated the number of steps during walking, however only Vivofit (MAPE=3.95%) was accurate during running. All accelerometer-based apps had high MAPE for step counting (9.87%-40.26%). The findings suggested that GPS monitors and apps were accurate tools for counting distance during walking and running, while accelerometer- based monitors and apps had higher errors. Vivofit provided accurate estimates of step count in both conditions, and Medisana Vifit was valid during walking. Accupedo was the only app with an acceptable step count error.
{"title":"Validity of Wearable Monitors and Smartphone Applications to Measure Steps and Distance in Adolescents","authors":"M. Adamakis","doi":"10.26773/smj.220601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220601","url":null,"abstract":"The growing popularity of wearable physical activity (PA) monitors and fitness applications (apps) in recent years and the vast amounts of data that they generate present attractive possibilities for surveillance. However, measurement accuracy is indispensable when tracking PA variables to provide meaningful measures of PA. The purpose of this study was to examine the criterion validity of wearable PA monitors and a combination of GPS and accelerometer free of charge smartphone apps, during self-paced outdoor walking and running. Thirty-eight healthy adolescents (15.3±2.0 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. They were fitted with Garmin Forerunner 310XT, Garmin Vivofit, Medisana Vifit, and smartphones running the Runkeeper, Runtastic, Sports Tracker (GPS), Pedometer, Accupedo, Pedometer and Pedometer 2.0 (accelerometer) apps. They were asked to walk and run 1.22 km for each trial and two researchers counted every step taken during trials with a digital tally counter. Validity was evaluated by comparing each device with the criterion measure using Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPE) and Bland-Altman plots. MAPE were low for Forerunner and GPS apps for distance in both conditions (2.27%- 9.73%), and significantly higher for the accelerometer monitors and apps (6.92%-39.02%). Vivofit (MAPE=6.51%) and Vifit (MAPE=6.66%) accurately estimated the number of steps during walking, however only Vivofit (MAPE=3.95%) was accurate during running. All accelerometer-based apps had high MAPE for step counting (9.87%-40.26%). The findings suggested that GPS monitors and apps were accurate tools for counting distance during walking and running, while accelerometer- based monitors and apps had higher errors. Vivofit provided accurate estimates of step count in both conditions, and Medisana Vifit was valid during walking. Accupedo was the only app with an acceptable step count error.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73030274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to compare physical performance and psychological status between professional football players with no history of ankle sprain and those with recurrent ankle sprains. The participants in this study included 40 male professional football players from 6 football clubs in Thailand. Participants were classified into two groups, those with no history of ankle sprain (control) and those with recurrent ankle sprains, with 20 participants in each group. All participants were asked to perform four physical performance tests, namely, the weight bearing lunge test, star excursion balance test, vertical jump test, and Illinois agility test; and to complete two psychological questionnaires, assessing anxiety and burnout. The physical test results showed that the posteromedial direction in the star excursion balance test was significantly lower in the recurrent ankle sprain group compared to the control (p<0.05). There were no differences in anterior and posterolateral directions. In addition, there were no significant differences in weight bearing lunge, vertical jump, and Illinois agility between the groups. The results of the psychological questionnaires showed a significant difference in terms of the achievement dimension of burnout between the groups (p<0.05), while in other psychological parameters there was no difference. The difference was partially achieved, only in two tests, while in others there was no difference at all. Therefore, in accordance with the achieved results, the coach and rehabilitation team should raise awareness and include treatment programs to help athletes avoid physical and mental problems associated with recurring ankle injuries.
{"title":"Physical Performance and Psychological Status of Professional Football Players with Recurrent Ankle Sprains","authors":"Salinee Chaiyakul, Supattra Chaibal","doi":"10.26773/smj.220603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220603","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to compare physical performance and psychological status between professional football players with no history of ankle sprain and those with recurrent ankle sprains. The participants in this study included 40 male professional football players from 6 football clubs in Thailand. Participants were classified into two groups, those with no history of ankle sprain (control) and those with recurrent ankle sprains, with 20 participants in each group. All participants were asked to perform four physical performance tests, namely, the weight bearing lunge test, star excursion balance test, vertical jump test, and Illinois agility test; and to complete two psychological questionnaires, assessing anxiety and burnout. The physical test results showed that the posteromedial direction in the star excursion balance test was significantly lower in the recurrent ankle sprain group compared to the control (p<0.05). There were no differences in anterior and posterolateral directions. In addition, there were no significant differences in weight bearing lunge, vertical jump, and Illinois agility between the groups. The results of the psychological questionnaires showed a significant difference in terms of the achievement dimension of burnout between the groups (p<0.05), while in other psychological parameters there was no difference. The difference was partially achieved, only in two tests, while in others there was no difference at all. Therefore, in accordance with the achieved results, the coach and rehabilitation team should raise awareness and include treatment programs to help athletes avoid physical and mental problems associated with recurring ankle injuries.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85738259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Brűnn, D. Líška, R. Švantner, Vladimír Franek, Jozef Sýkora, M. Pupiš
Sprint is essential for successful sport performance. Acceleration is necessary for every position in football. The ability to successfully accelerate is also an important determinant for more carried gaming activities. The eccen- tric strength of the hamstrings is an important task in sprint. The aim of our study was to test the correlation between the 30 m sprint and the eccentric strength of the hamstring by NordBord. The sample consisted of 48 professional football players (23.15±4.78 yr.; 180.5±5.42 cm; 76.5±7.94 kg) of the highest Slovak football league. The correlation between 30 m performance and average eccentric hamstring strength has been -0.0826. The correlation suggests that the sprint speed and eccentric strength of the hamstrings have not been associated 0 (t=-0.5619; df=46; p=0.5769). Correlation between 30 m performance and AVG/kg was -0.1317, indicating that the correlation between average weight and speed was not been significant. The eccentric strength has not been associated with a higher speed in the 30-m sprint test. However, more intervention studies are warranted.
{"title":"Association Between Hamstrings Eccentric Strength and Sprint Performance in Football Players","authors":"David Brűnn, D. Líška, R. Švantner, Vladimír Franek, Jozef Sýkora, M. Pupiš","doi":"10.26773/smj.220616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220616","url":null,"abstract":"Sprint is essential for successful sport performance. Acceleration is necessary for every position in football. The ability to successfully accelerate is also an important determinant for more carried gaming activities. The eccen- tric strength of the hamstrings is an important task in sprint. The aim of our study was to test the correlation between the 30 m sprint and the eccentric strength of the hamstring by NordBord. The sample consisted of 48 professional football players (23.15±4.78 yr.; 180.5±5.42 cm; 76.5±7.94 kg) of the highest Slovak football league. The correlation between 30 m performance and average eccentric hamstring strength has been -0.0826. The correlation suggests that the sprint speed and eccentric strength of the hamstrings have not been associated 0 (t=-0.5619; df=46; p=0.5769). Correlation between 30 m performance and AVG/kg was -0.1317, indicating that the correlation between average weight and speed was not been significant. The eccentric strength has not been associated with a higher speed in the 30-m sprint test. However, more intervention studies are warranted.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80593925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Moscatelli, F. Sessa, A. Valenzano, R. Polito, Sara Eronia, V. Monda, G. Cibelli, I. Villano, A. Scarinci, Michela Perrella, C. Porro, Francavilla Cristian, F. Scattarella, M. Monda, A. Messina, G. Messina
The heart rate variability (HRV) changes under different situations such as physical exercise, stress and in obese/ overweight subjects. It is considered a noninvasive marker of autonomic nervous system function. The aim of this narrative review was to discuss the relationship between HRV and physical exercise. Moreover, we will make an overview about HRV and stress, and HRV and body composition. There are a large number of studies dealing with HRV, however, few of them explain relationship between HRV and physical exercise, stress and body composition. HRV has proved to be a valuable tool to investigate the sympathetic and parasympathetic function of the ANS. Nonlinear parameters can be used to analyze the health of the subjects and is also used to investigate the stress and the physical exercise level. Despite the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated, these finding can be used as a starting point to determine a non-invasive index of cardiac wellness for clinical and nutritional application. Thus, physiological feedback via monitoring HRV would prove useful for addressing the individual’s present capability, be it during selection processes or returning to duty following injury or illness but should not be used to diagnose any pathological conditions.
{"title":"The Influence of Physical Exercise, Stress and Body Composition on Autonomic Nervous System: A Narrative Review","authors":"F. Moscatelli, F. Sessa, A. Valenzano, R. Polito, Sara Eronia, V. Monda, G. Cibelli, I. Villano, A. Scarinci, Michela Perrella, C. Porro, Francavilla Cristian, F. Scattarella, M. Monda, A. Messina, G. Messina","doi":"10.26773/smj.220620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220620","url":null,"abstract":"The heart rate variability (HRV) changes under different situations such as physical exercise, stress and in obese/ overweight subjects. It is considered a noninvasive marker of autonomic nervous system function. The aim of this narrative review was to discuss the relationship between HRV and physical exercise. Moreover, we will make an overview about HRV and stress, and HRV and body composition. There are a large number of studies dealing with HRV, however, few of them explain relationship between HRV and physical exercise, stress and body composition. HRV has proved to be a valuable tool to investigate the sympathetic and parasympathetic function of the ANS. Nonlinear parameters can be used to analyze the health of the subjects and is also used to investigate the stress and the physical exercise level. Despite the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated, these finding can be used as a starting point to determine a non-invasive index of cardiac wellness for clinical and nutritional application. Thus, physiological feedback via monitoring HRV would prove useful for addressing the individual’s present capability, be it during selection processes or returning to duty following injury or illness but should not be used to diagnose any pathological conditions.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"62 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88678693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Armend Kastrati, S. Gontarev, Nazrije Gashi, G. Georgiev
Many individuals are not engaged in sufficient physical activity due to low perceived benefits and high perceived barriers to exercise. Given the increasing incidence of obesity and obesity-related health disorders, this topic requires further exploration. The research goal was to establish what factors, according to students' perceptions, appear as the greatest benefits from and heaviest barriers for exercising, as well as establish the correlation between these per- ceived benefits and barriers, and the level of physical activity. Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale was used to assess per- ceived benefits and barrier intensities to exercise in 514 female university students (mean age 19.3 years, SD=1.06), taken from several faculties at the University of “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” in Skopje. The research results show that the female respondents who study at the university perceive much more benefits than barriers to exercising. The calcu- lated relation of benefits/barriers with this sample presents 1.39. The observed highest benefit that the female re- spondents have perceived is the “psychological benefit”, followed by the advantage related to the improved physical performance, improvement of life quality, social interaction, and health prevention. Physical tension and lack of time were graded considerably higher against the other two subscales of assessing the perceived barriers to exercising. The respondents with high physical activity have significantly higher results in the scales and subscales of assessing the perceived benefits and lower results in the scales and subscales of assessing the perceived barriers to exercising than those with a moderate and low level of physical activity. The implications of the research in elaborating the strategies and educative programs for promoting physical activity show the importance of increasing the relation benefits/barriers with the female respondents. The applied interventions should help female students to overcome the feelings of discomfort of physical tension during exercising (reducing the perceived barriers) and to emphasize health and other benefits of regular exercising (increasing the expected benefits).
{"title":"Establishing Levels of Perceived Benefits and Barriers from Exercising By Female Students at University of “Ss. Cyril & Methodius” – Skopje","authors":"Armend Kastrati, S. Gontarev, Nazrije Gashi, G. Georgiev","doi":"10.26773/smj.220618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.220618","url":null,"abstract":"Many individuals are not engaged in sufficient physical activity due to low perceived benefits and high perceived barriers to exercise. Given the increasing incidence of obesity and obesity-related health disorders, this topic requires further exploration. The research goal was to establish what factors, according to students' perceptions, appear as the greatest benefits from and heaviest barriers for exercising, as well as establish the correlation between these per- ceived benefits and barriers, and the level of physical activity. Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale was used to assess per- ceived benefits and barrier intensities to exercise in 514 female university students (mean age 19.3 years, SD=1.06), taken from several faculties at the University of “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” in Skopje. The research results show that the female respondents who study at the university perceive much more benefits than barriers to exercising. The calcu- lated relation of benefits/barriers with this sample presents 1.39. The observed highest benefit that the female re- spondents have perceived is the “psychological benefit”, followed by the advantage related to the improved physical performance, improvement of life quality, social interaction, and health prevention. Physical tension and lack of time were graded considerably higher against the other two subscales of assessing the perceived barriers to exercising. The respondents with high physical activity have significantly higher results in the scales and subscales of assessing the perceived benefits and lower results in the scales and subscales of assessing the perceived barriers to exercising than those with a moderate and low level of physical activity. The implications of the research in elaborating the strategies and educative programs for promoting physical activity show the importance of increasing the relation benefits/barriers with the female respondents. The applied interventions should help female students to overcome the feelings of discomfort of physical tension during exercising (reducing the perceived barriers) and to emphasize health and other benefits of regular exercising (increasing the expected benefits).","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88388453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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