It is important to evaluate ocular traumas in athletes as they can cause visual loss as blindness. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology of ocular injuries and their characteristics in students aged from 19 to 23 years old in Albania. This is a 3-month study that started in November 2021 and ended in February 2022. 489 students of the University of Sports participated in the study. They answered a questionnaire about their demographic data and history of ocular injuries during sports activities. Students who reported ocular injuries underwent ocular examinations to evaluate their vision and ocular injuries characteristics. Only 7% of students reported that they had ocular injuries. Ball and teammates were reported with high frequencies as cause of eye injury. Only one student appeared to have reduced vision and damage to the structure of the eye. Sports-related ocular injuries can cause decrease of vision and the use of protective equipment during sports activities would prevent these injuries. Football and boxing were most commonly sports associated with ocular injuries among students in our study. This study points to the importance of preventing eye damage during sports activities by using preventive equipment, and opens the door for taking initiatives regarding the rules of using preventive equipment during sports activities.
{"title":"Evaluation of Ocular Injuries among Athletes in Albania","authors":"Genta Nallbani, M. Krasniqi","doi":"10.26773/smj.230205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230205","url":null,"abstract":"It is important to evaluate ocular traumas in athletes as they can cause visual loss as blindness. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology of ocular injuries and their characteristics in students aged from 19 to 23 years old in Albania. This is a 3-month study that started in November 2021 and ended in February 2022. 489 students of the University of Sports participated in the study. They answered a questionnaire about their demographic data and history of ocular injuries during sports activities. Students who reported ocular injuries underwent ocular examinations to evaluate their vision and ocular injuries characteristics. Only 7% of students reported that they had ocular injuries. Ball and teammates were reported with high frequencies as cause of eye injury. Only one student appeared to have reduced vision and damage to the structure of the eye. Sports-related ocular injuries can cause decrease of vision and the use of protective equipment during sports activities would prevent these injuries. Football and boxing were most commonly sports associated with ocular injuries among students in our study. This study points to the importance of preventing eye damage during sports activities by using preventive equipment, and opens the door for taking initiatives regarding the rules of using preventive equipment during sports activities.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79215301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krešo Škugor, V. Štajer, Nenad Žugaj, Barbara Gilić, H. Karninčić
This study aimed to investigate the validity of the Specific Wrestling Fitness Test (SWFT), correlating it with generic anaerobic tests in elite youth wrestlers and determining whether wrestlers differ according to quality and weight categories in all tests. The research included 23 advanced-level Greco-Roman wrestlers (aged 16-19 years) who were divided into two quality categories (National team members and Non-team members) and two weight categories (lighter and heavier). Variables included anthropometric characteristics, generic fitness tests, and SWFT. Results evidenced that only vertical jump height was associated with SWFT (Pearson’s R=0.48, p<0.05). Team members had higher results in the vertical jump height (p=0.02, moderate ES), while wrestlers from the heavier category had higher body mass (p=0.001, large ES) and body height (p=0.01, large ES) than lighter wrestlers. Moreover, wrestlers did not differ in the SWFT according to quality and weight categories. SWFT was not associated with generic fitness tests, possibly because of its high specificity. Furthermore, team members and non-team members did not differ in the SWFT, which could be explained by the fact that only advanced-level wrestlers were included in this study. Thus, future studies should include lower-quality wrestlers and different testing protocols.
{"title":"Generic and Specific Fitness Profile of Elite Youth Greco-Roman Wrestlers; Differences According to Quality and Weight Category","authors":"Krešo Škugor, V. Štajer, Nenad Žugaj, Barbara Gilić, H. Karninčić","doi":"10.26773/smj.230204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230204","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the validity of the Specific Wrestling Fitness Test (SWFT), correlating it with generic anaerobic tests in elite youth wrestlers and determining whether wrestlers differ according to quality and weight categories in all tests. The research included 23 advanced-level Greco-Roman wrestlers (aged 16-19 years) who were divided into two quality categories (National team members and Non-team members) and two weight categories (lighter and heavier). Variables included anthropometric characteristics, generic fitness tests, and SWFT. Results evidenced that only vertical jump height was associated with SWFT (Pearson’s R=0.48, p<0.05). Team members had higher results in the vertical jump height (p=0.02, moderate ES), while wrestlers from the heavier category had higher body mass (p=0.001, large ES) and body height (p=0.01, large ES) than lighter wrestlers. Moreover, wrestlers did not differ in the SWFT according to quality and weight categories. SWFT was not associated with generic fitness tests, possibly because of its high specificity. Furthermore, team members and non-team members did not differ in the SWFT, which could be explained by the fact that only advanced-level wrestlers were included in this study. Thus, future studies should include lower-quality wrestlers and different testing protocols.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73428008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ihsan, Riki Satria, Muhamad Sazeli Rifki, A. Komaini, Ilham Ilham
It is evident that manual tools used to assess volleyball players’ upper limb muscles show some shortcomings in terms of time consumption, accuracy, and high concentration that forecast errors occur during measurement. To address such an issue, this Research and Development (R&D) aims to design and develop an effective digital-based instrument for measuring arm muscles’ explosive strength. The participants of this study were 52 male students that were divided into a small group (n=12) and a large group (n=40). They are sports science students at Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai University. There were also nine experts involved in this study. These experts are from some disciplines, namely volleyball, Information Technology (IT) media, as well as test and measurement. Data were collected by means of questionnaires adopting a 4-point Likert scale. After data analysis, results show that all nine-instrument development validators who are volleyball experts, IT media experts, as well as test and measurement experts confirmed that the product developed is Very Feasible (91.58%). Moreover, the reliability test conducted using the product-moment correlation obtained r of 0.652, while the results of the effectiveness test performed using the Independent Sample t-test was 1.000>0.05. The developed tool that functions as a digital-based tool for measuring volleyball players’ upper limb muscle explosive power is considered Very Feasible by the experts. Thus, it can become a useful tool for mitigating errors and enhancing accuracy to measure arm muscle explosive power in various settings and purposes.
{"title":"Development of a Digital-Based Tool to Measure Volleyball Players’ Upper Limb Muscle Explosive Power","authors":"N. Ihsan, Riki Satria, Muhamad Sazeli Rifki, A. Komaini, Ilham Ilham","doi":"10.26773/smj.230214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230214","url":null,"abstract":"It is evident that manual tools used to assess volleyball players’ upper limb muscles show some shortcomings in terms of time consumption, accuracy, and high concentration that forecast errors occur during measurement. To address such an issue, this Research and Development (R&D) aims to design and develop an effective digital-based instrument for measuring arm muscles’ explosive strength. The participants of this study were 52 male students that were divided into a small group (n=12) and a large group (n=40). They are sports science students at Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai University. There were also nine experts involved in this study. These experts are from some disciplines, namely volleyball, Information Technology (IT) media, as well as test and measurement. Data were collected by means of questionnaires adopting a 4-point Likert scale. After data analysis, results show that all nine-instrument development validators who are volleyball experts, IT media experts, as well as test and measurement experts confirmed that the product developed is Very Feasible (91.58%). Moreover, the reliability test conducted using the product-moment correlation obtained r of 0.652, while the results of the effectiveness test performed using the Independent Sample t-test was 1.000>0.05. The developed tool that functions as a digital-based tool for measuring volleyball players’ upper limb muscle explosive power is considered Very Feasible by the experts. Thus, it can become a useful tool for mitigating errors and enhancing accuracy to measure arm muscle explosive power in various settings and purposes.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77890334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kettlebell swing exercises have been proposed as a method for developing power, strength, endurance, and aerobic capacity. There are two distinctive techniques or styles of kettlebell swing: Russian (RKBS) and American (AKBS), and the purpose of this study was to quantify the specific differences within each exercise. The aim of this paper was to determine which style offers greater mechanical output in the form of power, velocity and momentum, with consideration of energy expenditure and injury risk, and which represents a safer version of training operator for developing specific dimensions of strength and power along with muscular endurance. The selected population of physically active men (n=15; age: 27.5±4.5 years; height: 185.9±14.1 cm; weight: 96.1±11.1 kg; kettlebell swing experience: 3.6±2.4 years) were recruited to perform kettlebell swings of both styles. They performed eight maximal swings using a 24 kg kettlebell (~25% bodyweight), during which the concentric and eccentric phases and their respective amplitude, duration, peak and mean velocity, momentum and average power were analysed. The results of the paired sample t-test showed a statistically significant difference between styles in cycle duration, momentum, amplitude and velocities, while power generated was similar for both styles. In conclusion, both styles are viable training options, though the RKBS style presents a potentially safer alternative due to its biomechanical properties.
{"title":"Russian vs. American Kettlebell Swing – Which One to Choose?","authors":"S. Vuk, Hrvoje Pajtak","doi":"10.26773/smj.230216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230216","url":null,"abstract":"Kettlebell swing exercises have been proposed as a method for developing power, strength, endurance, and aerobic capacity. There are two distinctive techniques or styles of kettlebell swing: Russian (RKBS) and American (AKBS), and the purpose of this study was to quantify the specific differences within each exercise. The aim of this paper was to determine which style offers greater mechanical output in the form of power, velocity and momentum, with consideration of energy expenditure and injury risk, and which represents a safer version of training operator for developing specific dimensions of strength and power along with muscular endurance. The selected population of physically active men (n=15; age: 27.5±4.5 years; height: 185.9±14.1 cm; weight: 96.1±11.1 kg; kettlebell swing experience: 3.6±2.4 years) were recruited to perform kettlebell swings of both styles. They performed eight maximal swings using a 24 kg kettlebell (~25% bodyweight), during which the concentric and eccentric phases and their respective amplitude, duration, peak and mean velocity, momentum and average power were analysed. The results of the paired sample t-test showed a statistically significant difference between styles in cycle duration, momentum, amplitude and velocities, while power generated was similar for both styles. In conclusion, both styles are viable training options, though the RKBS style presents a potentially safer alternative due to its biomechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88396461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raden Andri Primadhi, Novarel Enricko Sukma Tohari, Nurita Dian Kestriani
Running had been known producing a posterior muscle tightness in lower extremity, particularly calf muscles, resulting in a relative equinus deformity. Numerous study reported the association between equinus deformity and foot pain, partially due to the increased plantar pressure of forefoot. This study was directed to find a relation between running intensity and increased forefoot plantar pressure. Subjects were divided into two groups according to running intensity as classified as runner or non-runner. Forefoot plantar pressures data were obtained using a foot imprinter and analyzed into numerical values. Ankle maximum dorsiflexion was also examined in an extended knee to detect the calf tightness. Mean forefoot plantar pressure value was Grau 2.89 (range 2-4) in runner group, and Grau 2.15 (range 1-4) in non-runner group (p=0.004). Ankle maximum dorsiflexion was also limited in runner group (16.05±1.98⁰) compared with 19.30±1.38⁰ in non-runner group (p<0.001). There was an association found between running intensity and plantar pressure elevation. Considering the potential damaging effects to the foot, it is recommended for runners or treating physician to look into this problem as well as to make sure that regular calf stretching is advocated.
{"title":"Effects of Running Intensity on Forefoot Plantar Pressure Elevation","authors":"Raden Andri Primadhi, Novarel Enricko Sukma Tohari, Nurita Dian Kestriani","doi":"10.26773/smj.230215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230215","url":null,"abstract":"Running had been known producing a posterior muscle tightness in lower extremity, particularly calf muscles, resulting in a relative equinus deformity. Numerous study reported the association between equinus deformity and foot pain, partially due to the increased plantar pressure of forefoot. This study was directed to find a relation between running intensity and increased forefoot plantar pressure. Subjects were divided into two groups according to running intensity as classified as runner or non-runner. Forefoot plantar pressures data were obtained using a foot imprinter and analyzed into numerical values. Ankle maximum dorsiflexion was also examined in an extended knee to detect the calf tightness. Mean forefoot plantar pressure value was Grau 2.89 (range 2-4) in runner group, and Grau 2.15 (range 1-4) in non-runner group (p=0.004). Ankle maximum dorsiflexion was also limited in runner group (16.05±1.98⁰) compared with 19.30±1.38⁰ in non-runner group (p<0.001). There was an association found between running intensity and plantar pressure elevation. Considering the potential damaging effects to the foot, it is recommended for runners or treating physician to look into this problem as well as to make sure that regular calf stretching is advocated.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85104716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is assumed that the selection of gifted children aged 13-14 years old is dominated by those with accelerated biological development. A better understanding of this problem can greatly improve the selection process for gifted children. The paper aimed to determine the differences in motor, functional, and sport-specific skills between children with different levels of biological acceleration. The study was conducted on a sample of 26 wrestlers aged 13.8±0.74 years old selected from the city of Zagreb. The participants were divided into three groups according to the acceleration of biological development (early maturers, n=9; normal, n=10; late maturers, n=7) and tested with a battery of 10 tests (6 motor, 1 functional, and 3 sport-specific). As was expected, even though there were no differences in experience and placement, the groups differed in all physical characteristics (Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA: age p=0.01; body mass, p<0.01; body height, p<0.01; sitting body height, p<0.01; body mass index, p=0.02). The groups differed significantly in two sport-specific tests and one motor test (Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA: wrestling bridge flexibility p=0.02; flipover p=0.04; medicine ball throw p<0.01). Although these were selected wrestlers, not all of them were classified as early maturers; rather, they were evenly distributed in different groups. We can assume that late maturers had technical–tactical advantages that compensated for the early maturers’ advantage in explosive power. Early maturers were better in terms of explosive power, but the late maturers were better at sport-specific flexibility, as expected.
据推测，13-14岁的天才儿童的选择主要是那些生物发育较快的儿童。更好地理解这个问题可以大大改善对天才儿童的选择过程。本文旨在确定不同水平生物加速的儿童在运动、功能和运动特定技能方面的差异。研究对象为26名年龄为13.8±0.74岁的萨格勒布市摔跤运动员。参与者根据生物发育的加速程度分为三组(早产儿，n=9;正常,n = 10;晚熟车，n=7)，并进行了10次电池测试(6次电机测试，1次功能测试，3次运动测试)。正如预期的那样，尽管在经验和位置上没有差异，但两组在所有身体特征上都存在差异(Kruskal-Wallis方差分析:年龄p=0.01;体重，p<0.01;体高，p<0.01;坐姿体高，p<0.01;体重指数，p=0.02)。两组在两项运动特异性测试和一项运动测试中差异显著(Kruskal-Wallis方差分析:摔跤桥柔韧性p=0.02;flipover p = 0.04;实心球投掷p<0.01)。虽然这些都是精选的摔跤手，但并不是所有的人都被归类为早熟者;相反，它们均匀地分布在不同的组中。我们可以假设，晚成熟者在技术战术上的优势弥补了早成熟者在爆发力上的优势。早熟的人在爆发力方面更胜一筹，但晚熟的人在运动特定灵活性方面更胜一筹，正如预期的那样。
{"title":"Differences in Motor, Functional, and Sport- Specific Skills in Gifted Wrestlers with Different Acceleration of Biological Development","authors":"Nenad Žugaj, H. Karninčić, M. Baić","doi":"10.26773/smj.230219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230219","url":null,"abstract":"It is assumed that the selection of gifted children aged 13-14 years old is dominated by those with accelerated biological development. A better understanding of this problem can greatly improve the selection process for gifted children. The paper aimed to determine the differences in motor, functional, and sport-specific skills between children with different levels of biological acceleration. The study was conducted on a sample of 26 wrestlers aged 13.8±0.74 years old selected from the city of Zagreb. The participants were divided into three groups according to the acceleration of biological development (early maturers, n=9; normal, n=10; late maturers, n=7) and tested with a battery of 10 tests (6 motor, 1 functional, and 3 sport-specific). As was expected, even though there were no differences in experience and placement, the groups differed in all physical characteristics (Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA: age p=0.01; body mass, p<0.01; body height, p<0.01; sitting body height, p<0.01; body mass index, p=0.02). The groups differed significantly in two sport-specific tests and one motor test (Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA: wrestling bridge flexibility p=0.02; flipover p=0.04; medicine ball throw p<0.01). Although these were selected wrestlers, not all of them were classified as early maturers; rather, they were evenly distributed in different groups. We can assume that late maturers had technical–tactical advantages that compensated for the early maturers’ advantage in explosive power. Early maturers were better in terms of explosive power, but the late maturers were better at sport-specific flexibility, as expected.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76271598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In their structure, indoor sports require quick changes of movement direction. Players should possess a high level of ability to change the direction and speed of movement in response to a stimulus, which is one of the major prerequisites for a high level of performance. During a volleyball match, players are involved in different defensive and offensive activities in which agility plays an important role. The aim of this study was to determine the differences between less successful and more successful youth female volleyball players, as well as their inter-positional and intra-positional differences in agility. The study was conducted on a sample of 204 youth female volleyball players whose mean chronological age was 14.11±0.84 years. The players were divided into 5 subgroups according to their playing position (setters, opposite players, passer-hitters, middle blockers, and libero players). The variable sample used to assess agility consisted of 3 tests: Side steps, 9-3-6-3-9 test, and Step-hop test. Methods of data analysis included the determination of metric characteristics for all three agility tests. The analysis of covariance revealed a significant impact of biological age indicators on all agility tests. Furthermore, discriminant analysis of differences showed that more successful volleyball players achieved better results in all three agility tests. High reliability of the test was determined by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (0.87-0.96). The results of this study showed a positive effect of agility tests in differentiating less successful and more successful players regardless of their position. More successful players achieved better results than less successful players in all tests. Greater biological maturity and training experience represent great competitive advantage in this age group. The obtained inter-positional and intra-positional differences and the influence of the biological age indicator on inter-positional and intra-positional differences in agility tests imply that higher biological maturity and training experience are great competitive advantages in this age group. The primary goal of training in younger age groups should not be the current success in the competition, but rather the preparation for achieving the best possible results in senior competition.
{"title":"Intra-Positional and Inter-Positional Differences in Agility Tests among Youth Female Volleyball Players","authors":"Karla Đolo, Dario Vrdoljak, M. Milić, Z. Grgantov","doi":"10.26773/smj.230203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230203","url":null,"abstract":"In their structure, indoor sports require quick changes of movement direction. Players should possess a high level of ability to change the direction and speed of movement in response to a stimulus, which is one of the major prerequisites for a high level of performance. During a volleyball match, players are involved in different defensive and offensive activities in which agility plays an important role. The aim of this study was to determine the differences between less successful and more successful youth female volleyball players, as well as their inter-positional and intra-positional differences in agility. The study was conducted on a sample of 204 youth female volleyball players whose mean chronological age was 14.11±0.84 years. The players were divided into 5 subgroups according to their playing position (setters, opposite players, passer-hitters, middle blockers, and libero players). The variable sample used to assess agility consisted of 3 tests: Side steps, 9-3-6-3-9 test, and Step-hop test. Methods of data analysis included the determination of metric characteristics for all three agility tests. The analysis of covariance revealed a significant impact of biological age indicators on all agility tests. Furthermore, discriminant analysis of differences showed that more successful volleyball players achieved better results in all three agility tests. High reliability of the test was determined by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (0.87-0.96). The results of this study showed a positive effect of agility tests in differentiating less successful and more successful players regardless of their position. More successful players achieved better results than less successful players in all tests. Greater biological maturity and training experience represent great competitive advantage in this age group. The obtained inter-positional and intra-positional differences and the influence of the biological age indicator on inter-positional and intra-positional differences in agility tests imply that higher biological maturity and training experience are great competitive advantages in this age group. The primary goal of training in younger age groups should not be the current success in the competition, but rather the preparation for achieving the best possible results in senior competition.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87471179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Savvas Papadopoulos, K. Papadimitriou, I. Ispirlidis, D. Papadopoulos, X. Konstantinidou
Coaches and analysts alike agree that offensive transitions are very important in modern football. However, only few studies have analyzed offensive transitions in depth. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of initial penetration on the tactical elements of offensive transitions of Barcelona during the period 2018-19. The sample included 1164 offensive transitions (605 with penetration and 559 without penetration), from 37 matches. The phases were recorded using SportScout analysis software. The parameters of the study were: outcome of attack, match location, quality of opposition, zone of ball recovery, type of ball recovery, initial opponent number, players in possession, type of attack, duration of attack, time frame of attack and match status. The statistical processing of the data was done with the Crosstabs analysis and the Chi-square significance test. The results showed that the tactical characteristics of Barcelona’s offensive transitions were significantly influenced by the initial penetration of play, with the exception of zone of ball recovery and quality of opposition parameters. In conclusion, it seems that the profile of Barcelona’s offensive transitions is influenced by the initial penetration. Also, the findings on quality of opposition suggest that Barcelona utilizes a similar play-style, regardless of opposition. Finally, the fact that offensive transitions that had penetration were almost equal to those that had no penetration, confirms that Barcelona didn’t always try to attack, as soon as they recovered possession, but often chose to complete more passes, aiming to develop its attacking play with more patience and less risk.
{"title":"Analysis of Offensive Transitions of Barcelona based on the Initial Penetration after the Ball Recovery","authors":"Savvas Papadopoulos, K. Papadimitriou, I. Ispirlidis, D. Papadopoulos, X. Konstantinidou","doi":"10.26773/smj.230217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230217","url":null,"abstract":"Coaches and analysts alike agree that offensive transitions are very important in modern football. However, only few studies have analyzed offensive transitions in depth. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of initial penetration on the tactical elements of offensive transitions of Barcelona during the period 2018-19. The sample included 1164 offensive transitions (605 with penetration and 559 without penetration), from 37 matches. The phases were recorded using SportScout analysis software. The parameters of the study were: outcome of attack, match location, quality of opposition, zone of ball recovery, type of ball recovery, initial opponent number, players in possession, type of attack, duration of attack, time frame of attack and match status. The statistical processing of the data was done with the Crosstabs analysis and the Chi-square significance test. The results showed that the tactical characteristics of Barcelona’s offensive transitions were significantly influenced by the initial penetration of play, with the exception of zone of ball recovery and quality of opposition parameters. In conclusion, it seems that the profile of Barcelona’s offensive transitions is influenced by the initial penetration. Also, the findings on quality of opposition suggest that Barcelona utilizes a similar play-style, regardless of opposition. Finally, the fact that offensive transitions that had penetration were almost equal to those that had no penetration, confirms that Barcelona didn’t always try to attack, as soon as they recovered possession, but often chose to complete more passes, aiming to develop its attacking play with more patience and less risk.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79682972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Impostor syndrome (IS) manifests as fear of being exposed as incompetent, despite exceptional professional achievements. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of IS among physiotherapy students and to investigate whether there are significant differences according to demographic variables. Data were collected using the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), and participants were categorized into one of four groups based on the expression of IS characteristics. We found that IS occurs in the majority of physiotherapy students. Females achieve higher overall CIPS scores compared with males, but the proportion of males and females in each category of IS characteristics is similar. The expression of IS decreases with increasing age, length of clinical work experience, and year of study. Physiotherapy students with clinical work experience have fewer IS characteristics than those without clinical work experience. Study programs and clinical settings in which physiotherapy students receive practical training should pay more attention to raising awareness of IS in order to protect individuals who are particularly vulnerable to the negative consequences of IS.
{"title":"Impostor Syndrome in Physiotherapy Students: Effects of Gender, Year of Study and Clinical Work Experience","authors":"Manca Opara, Katarina Kolenc Klen, Ž. Kozinc","doi":"10.26773/smj.230206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230206","url":null,"abstract":"Impostor syndrome (IS) manifests as fear of being exposed as incompetent, despite exceptional professional achievements. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of IS among physiotherapy students and to investigate whether there are significant differences according to demographic variables. Data were collected using the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), and participants were categorized into one of four groups based on the expression of IS characteristics. We found that IS occurs in the majority of physiotherapy students. Females achieve higher overall CIPS scores compared with males, but the proportion of males and females in each category of IS characteristics is similar. The expression of IS decreases with increasing age, length of clinical work experience, and year of study. Physiotherapy students with clinical work experience have fewer IS characteristics than those without clinical work experience. Study programs and clinical settings in which physiotherapy students receive practical training should pay more attention to raising awareness of IS in order to protect individuals who are particularly vulnerable to the negative consequences of IS.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77085538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foam rolling is frequently implemented in warm-up prior to an exercise session. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of a short bout of foam rolling on maximal knee flexion strength along with active and passive hamstring flexibility. Methods: Fourteen healthy young participants were included in this within-subject randomized controlled trial. After warm-up a short bout (two sets of 60 s) of foam rolling was performed on the intervention leg (counterbalanced leg dominance) while the contralateral leg was used as a control. Measurement of peak knee flexion torque and hamstring passive and active range of motion were performed on both sides in counterbalanced order. An analysis of variance was conducted to evaluate differences between the two groups. Results: Our results did not show significant differences between the intervention and control leg for any of the assessed parameters. Conclusion: The main findings are that a short bout of foam rolling does not affect maximal knee flexion strength and that the foam rolling intervention does not further affect flexibility although hamstring passive flexibility increases following a warm-up. Based on our results we conclude that short bouts of foam rolling can be used prior to exercise, as they have no deleterious effect on muscle performance. Foam rolling before exercise should be recommended solely based on individual preference.
{"title":"Effects of Foam Rolling on Strength and Flexibility of Hamstring Muscles","authors":"Matej Voglar, Anja Grandovec, R. Vatovec","doi":"10.26773/smj.221013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.221013","url":null,"abstract":"Foam rolling is frequently implemented in warm-up prior to an exercise session. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of a short bout of foam rolling on maximal knee flexion strength along with active and passive hamstring flexibility. Methods: Fourteen healthy young participants were included in this within-subject randomized controlled trial. After warm-up a short bout (two sets of 60 s) of foam rolling was performed on the intervention leg (counterbalanced leg dominance) while the contralateral leg was used as a control. Measurement of peak knee flexion torque and hamstring passive and active range of motion were performed on both sides in counterbalanced order. An analysis of variance was conducted to evaluate differences between the two groups. Results: Our results did not show significant differences between the intervention and control leg for any of the assessed parameters. Conclusion: The main findings are that a short bout of foam rolling does not affect maximal knee flexion strength and that the foam rolling intervention does not further affect flexibility although hamstring passive flexibility increases following a warm-up. Based on our results we conclude that short bouts of foam rolling can be used prior to exercise, as they have no deleterious effect on muscle performance. Foam rolling before exercise should be recommended solely based on individual preference.","PeriodicalId":22150,"journal":{"name":"Sport Mont","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81737704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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