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Front Matter of Journal 期刊封面
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/jour.5.1.1
This is the front matter of the Journal of Undergraduate Research.
这是《本科生研究杂志》的前沿问题。
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引用次数: 0
Dallas Refugee Engagement Project 达拉斯难民参与项目
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR.4.1.12
Anna Landreneau, Kovan Barzani, Uroob Haris, Lawrence Jiang, Michael Park, Thomas Schmedding
The full capabilities of well-structured project management are rarely realized outside of the scope of the respective profession. The tools and skills in which project managers specialize are furthermore often considered in high-level business contexts, but are far less remembered as crucial components to many other endeavors. This project portfolio serves as an insight into the structure and process of managing a short-term social awareness project and an exploration and application of various project management tools. It also provides a review of the success of implementing sound project management toward humanitarian work on a community level. Public Equity, the team of university students behind this project and report, ultimately hopes to inspire others to learn how they may increase the impact of their community work through strong planning and goal setting.
结构良好的项目管理的全部能力很少在各自专业范围之外实现。项目经理专门使用的工具和技能通常在高级业务环境中被考虑,但是很少被认为是许多其他努力的关键组成部分。本项目组合是对管理短期社会意识项目的结构和过程的洞察,也是对各种项目管理工具的探索和应用。它还审查了在社区一级对人道主义工作实施健全项目管理的成功情况。Public Equity,这个项目和报告背后的大学生团队,最终希望激励其他人学习如何通过强有力的计划和目标设定来增加他们的社区工作的影响。
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引用次数: 0
People, Politics, and Plazas: A Comparative Analysis of Dallas (City Hall Plaza) and Copenhagen (Rådhuspladsen) 人、政治与广场:达拉斯(市政厅广场)与哥本哈根(拉瓦德斯普拉森)的比较分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR.4.1.11
Ashley Hong
Public plazas are an integral part of urban life and they generally take familiar forms. Yet not all public spaces function as intended and, ultimately, not all are successful. The following comparative analysis of Dallas City Hall Plaza and Copenhagen’s Rådhuspladsen explores what makes public plazas “work.” More specifically, while, both plazas are architecturally similar, City Hall Plaza remains largely unused and desolate while Rådhuspladsen is bustling and lively. This multi-method project begins by exploring the historical development of public space in Dallas and Copenhagen and continues with an ethnographic study of each plaza. Findings suggest that the success of public plazas can be attributed to five recurrent themes: attraction and engagement, sustainability and nature, visibility, public transportation and pedestrian accessibility, and integration. By systematically comparing the two cases, we can identify modest design changes that can soften inhospitable public plazas and make them spaces that people will use and enjoy.
公共广场是城市生活不可分割的一部分,它们通常以熟悉的形式出现。然而,并不是所有的公共空间都能发挥预期的作用,最终也不是所有的公共空间都能成功。下面对达拉斯市政厅广场和哥本哈根的r dhuspladsen广场进行比较分析,探讨是什么让公共广场“起作用”。更具体地说,虽然两个广场在建筑上相似,但市政厅广场大部分未被使用和荒凉,而拉瓦德普拉森则是繁华而热闹。这个多方法的项目从探索达拉斯和哥本哈根公共空间的历史发展开始,并继续对每个广场进行人种学研究。研究结果表明,公共广场的成功可归因于五个反复出现的主题:吸引力和参与、可持续性和自然、可见性、公共交通和行人可达性以及一体化。通过系统地比较这两个案例,我们可以确定适度的设计变化,可以软化不适宜居住的公共广场,使其成为人们使用和享受的空间。
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引用次数: 0
The Latitudinarian Influence on Early English Liberalism 自由主义对早期英国自由主义的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR5.1.6
A. Oh
This paper takes the unexpected position that early liberal thought developed in transformative events within the Anglican Church during the second half of the seventeenth century. The historical evolution of religion laid the foundation of English political and intellectual philosophy, as supported by works written by the branch of Anglican churchmen known as the Latitudinarians. I will argue that these ministers were foremost in advancing the argument for religious toleration because their religious writings held political consequence. Toleration was the principle value of liberalism in the late seventeenth century because the problem of Dissenters was so pertinent to English religious life. In contrast to the official Anglican Church policy of intolerance of anything that did not conform to the official catechism of the Church, the Latitudinarian minsters-turned-bishops encouraged toleration and accommodation of religious thought in their sermons, ideals they based on their novel understanding of individuality, rationality, and theology. While not Dissenters themselves, the sympathy of these clergymen for Dissenters was evident in their pamphlets, books, and sermons.
本文采取了意想不到的立场,即早期自由主义思想在17世纪下半叶英国圣公会内部的变革事件中发展起来。宗教的历史演变奠定了英国政治和思想哲学的基础,并得到了圣公会分支“自由主义派”(Latitudinarians)著作的支持。我想说的是,这些牧师首先推动了宗教宽容的论点,因为他们的宗教著作具有政治意义。宽容是17世纪晚期自由主义的主要价值,因为持不同政见者的问题与英国的宗教生活息息相关。英国圣公会的官方政策是不容忍任何不符合教会官方教义的东西,与此相反,由牧师转变为主教的自由主义牧师鼓励在他们的布道中容忍和调和宗教思想,他们基于对个性、理性和神学的新理解而建立的理想。这些牧师虽然自己不是非国教徒,但在他们的小册子、书籍和布道中,他们对非国教徒的同情是显而易见的。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing Intersubject Correlation (ISC) Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developed Groups to Better Understand Biological Motion Processing 比较自闭症谱系障碍和正常发育群体之间的主体间相关性(ISC)以更好地理解生物运动加工
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR5.1.5
Elena E. Skaribas
In this study, we addressed significant neurological differences between autistic and typically developed individuals, specifically when processing biological motion, using Intersubject correlation (ISC) analysis methods. ISC is a tool used to analyze functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired under naturalistic stimuli. Using ISC, it is possible to pinpoint common brain responses within a group of individuals as they react to a specific stimulus. ISC is also used to highlight the different brain responses two different groups might have while experiencing the same stimulus. In this experiment, we used two subject groups, one group of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) individuals and one typically developed (TD) group of individuals. The participants in each group watched a ninety second clip of romantic ballet. A short clip of ballet dance was chosen as the stimulus because it had been used in past studies to specify brain responses associated with biological motion processing. Using a standard subject-wise permutation statistical test in the ISC Toolbox for analysis, we computed ISC difference maps between the ASD and TD groups. The findings suggested that during biological motion processing, lateralization of brain responses between the two groups differed; TD individuals had greater ISC in the right hemisphere while ASD individuals had greater ISC in the left hemisphere. Greater ISC in typically developed individuals was concentrated in the culmen of the cerebellum which is responsible for kinesthesia and coordination of movement and is also a component of the mirror neuron network that allows individuals to anticipate movement. These results were consistent with data from prior research that found that TD groups share more synchronized brain responses in the cerebellum, which characterizes higher prediction and anticipation of biological movement in TD groups than ASD groups. ISC within the autistic group was found in the temporal gyrus, which plays a neurological role in motion processing and has been seen to be activated in past comparative studies.
在这项研究中,我们使用主体间相关(ISC)分析方法,分析了自闭症个体和正常发育个体之间显著的神经学差异,特别是在处理生物运动时。ISC是一种用于分析在自然刺激下获得的功能磁共振成像(fMRI)数据的工具。使用ISC,就有可能在一群人对特定刺激做出反应时,精确地确定他们的共同大脑反应。ISC还被用来强调两组不同的人在经历同样的刺激时可能产生的不同的大脑反应。在这个实验中,我们使用了两组受试者,一组是自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)个体,另一组是典型发育(TD)个体。每组的参与者都观看了一段90秒的浪漫芭蕾。之所以选择一段简短的芭蕾舞片段作为刺激,是因为它曾在过去的研究中被用来确定与生物运动处理相关的大脑反应。使用ISC工具箱中的标准受试者排列统计检验进行分析,我们计算了ASD组和TD组之间的ISC差异图。结果表明,在生物运动加工过程中,两组脑侧化反应存在差异;TD个体的右半球ISC较高,而ASD个体的左半球ISC较高。在典型发育个体中,较大的ISC集中在小脑的culmen,小脑负责运动感和运动协调,也是镜像神经元网络的一个组成部分,使个体能够预测运动。这些结果与先前的研究数据一致,发现TD组在小脑中具有更多同步的大脑反应,这表明TD组比ASD组对生物运动有更高的预测和预期。自闭症组的ISC在颞回中被发现,颞回在运动处理中起神经学作用,在过去的比较研究中被发现被激活。
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引用次数: 0
Front Matter of Journal of Undergraduate Research 《本科生研究学报》头版
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR.4.1.1
F. Ferrante
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引用次数: 0
Desire, Frustration, and Resolution in the Ending(s) of Troilus and Criseyde 《特洛伊罗斯与克里塞德》结局中的欲望、挫折与决心
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR.4.1.13
Kevin W. Martin
This essay analyzes the final stanzas of Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde in order to challenge the critical commonplace that the poem’s ending is fraught, fragmented, unsatisfactory, or ultimately inconclusive. It questions the traditional view that the ending is a conspicuous departure from the poetic mode of the earlier poem, as well as the view that the final stanzas are dominated by an ideological struggle between earthly and divine love. Through a close reading of the final five stanzas of the poem—and with particular attention to their echoes throughout the larger work— the essay seeks to elucidate how Chaucer’s poetics of desire continue to resonate throughout the poem’s close. The result, the essay contends, is an ending of celebration, circumspection, and profound imagination that strives for love both earthly and divine.
本文分析了乔叟的《特洛伊罗斯和克里塞德》的最后几节,以挑战那些批评的陈词滥调,即这首诗的结尾令人担忧、支离破碎、令人不满意或最终没有定论。它质疑了传统观点,即结局明显偏离了早期诗歌的诗歌模式,以及最后一节被世俗之爱和神圣之爱之间的意识形态斗争所主导的观点。通过仔细阅读这首诗的最后五节,并特别注意它们在整个更大的作品中的回响,本文试图阐明乔叟的欲望诗学如何在这首诗的结尾继续产生共鸣。结果,文章认为,是一个庆祝,谨慎和深刻的想象力的结局,为世俗和神圣的爱而奋斗。
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引用次数: 0
Dallas Students Take Flights 达拉斯学生乘坐飞机
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR.4.1.14
Katherine Ward
In 1954, when Brown vs. Board of Education (Brown) ruled that segregation was illegal, Dallas, like most southern cities, was very residentially segregated and not eager to welcome black children into white schools as mandated. The city dragged its feet far longer than others, and in 1961 it was the very last large school district in the country to allow black students to attend white schools (SMU Law 1). Busing for integration was implemented even farther behind other cities, but white flight out of the school district occurred in Dallas to a greater degree than most other metropolitan areas. Currently, according to the National Center for Education Statistics, the Dallas school district has the second lowest percentage of white students, only behind Detroit (“Status and Trends”). There is no question that residential segregation in Dallas was happening long before segregated schools became illegal, leaving uncertainty about the true causes of the wholesale abandoning of the Dallas Independent School District (DISD) by whites. Some researchers believe that the fear of integration doomed the process before it started, while others believe that the flawed implementation is responsible for its failure. I believe that the racial and political atmosphere in Dallas at the time supports a combination of both explanations, as the resisted, prolonged roll-out facilitated a level of fear that the actual implementation could never overcome.
1954年,当布朗诉教育委员会(布朗)案裁定种族隔离是非法的时候,达拉斯和大多数南方城市一样,在居住上实行非常严重的种族隔离,并不急于欢迎黑人孩子进入白人学校。达拉斯的拖延时间比其他城市要长得多,1961年,它是全国最后一个允许黑人学生就读白人学校的大学区(SMU Law 1)。校车种族融合的实施比其他城市要晚得多,但达拉斯的白人逃离学区的情况比其他大多数大都市都要严重。目前,根据国家教育统计中心的数据,达拉斯学区的白人学生比例倒数第二,仅次于底特律(“现状与趋势”)。毫无疑问,早在种族隔离学校成为非法之前,达拉斯的居民隔离就已经存在了,这使得白人大规模放弃达拉斯独立学区(DISD)的真正原因变得不确定。一些研究人员认为,对整合的恐惧在整合开始之前就注定了这一进程,而另一些人则认为,有缺陷的实施是导致整合失败的原因。我相信,当时达拉斯的种族和政治氛围支持这两种解释的结合,因为受到抵制的长期推广促进了某种程度的恐惧,这种恐惧是实际实施永远无法克服的。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of the 2016 Presidential Election on Sikh-Americans’ Perceptions of Safety in Texas 2016年总统大选对德克萨斯州锡克教裔美国人安全感的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR.4.1.9
Jasleen Dhillon
Since the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, members of the Sikh-American community have been the subjects of random hate crimes in the United States because of their distinct identity, namely the turban. During and after the 2016 presidential election, many minority groups, including Sikh-Americans, were concerned over the rhetoric the then-candidate Donald Trump had been using. The focus of this research project was to study if the rhetoric used during the presidential campaign had any effect on how Sikh-Americans perceived their safety in a politically conservative state like Texas. The methods used to collect data were both qualitative and quantitative in nature. The qualitative portion was collected from one-on-one interviews with Sikh-Americans, and the quantitative portion was collected from surveys taken in gurdwaras (Sikh religious temples) located in both the Dallas-Fort Worth and Houston metroplexes. From the interviews and surveys, it was concluded that 27.6% of turban wearers felt threatened because of their appearance and felt a general feeling of discomfort from others’ lack of knowledge of Sikhism. Despite not having a distinct appearance, 28.6% of the non-turban wearing male respondents felt threatened sometime before and after the presidential election for their religious affiliation. From the results, it can be concluded that many Sikh-Americans feel unsafe living in Texas as Sikhs because of religious misidentification and intolerance.
自9/11恐怖分子袭击世贸中心以来,锡克裔美国人社区的成员一直是美国随机仇恨犯罪的对象,因为他们的独特身份,即头巾。在2016年总统大选期间和之后,包括美国锡克教徒在内的许多少数群体都对当时的候选人唐纳德·特朗普的言论感到担忧。这个研究项目的重点是研究总统竞选期间使用的言辞是否会影响锡克教美国人在德克萨斯州这样一个政治上保守的州对自己安全的看法。收集数据的方法既有定性的,也有定量的。定性部分收集自与美国锡克教徒的一对一访谈,定量部分收集自位于达拉斯-沃斯堡和休斯顿大都会区的gurdwaras(锡克教徒的宗教寺庙)的调查。从访谈和调查中得出的结论是,27.6%的头巾佩戴者因为自己的外表而感到威胁,并且对其他人缺乏锡克教知识感到普遍的不舒服。尽管没有明显的外表,但28.6%的不戴头巾的男性受访者在总统选举前后的某个时候因宗教信仰而受到威胁。从结果中可以得出结论,由于宗教误解和不宽容,许多美国锡克教徒在德克萨斯州生活感到不安全。
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引用次数: 0
Electrical System for Bioelectric Impedance using AD5933 Impedance Converter 采用AD5933阻抗转换器的生物电阻抗电气系统
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25172/JOUR.4.1.3
Allison Garcia, A. Sabuncu
Benchtop lab equipment, such as the HP4194A Precision Impedance Analyzer, offer accuracy and functionality but are often expensive and bulky. Although integrated circuits offer less functionality than benchtop equivalents, they can be a cheaper alternative for smaller applications. In this study, the AD5933 Impedance Converter was investigated as a low-cost option for impedance analysis of the bicep brachii. The AD5933 evaluation board was properly calibrated to measure human muscle by using an equivalent parallel circuit consisting of a 5 nF capacitor and a 1 kOhm resistor. Next, the impedance of the bicep was measured using the AD5933 as the experimental device and the HP4194A as the control device. A 2 volt peak-to- peak signal was generated for a 10 kHz to 100 kHz frequency range and the resulting impedance of the bicep was measured. The AD5933 recorded impedance curves qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those recorded by the HP4194A. Thus, the AD5933 was considered to be a low- cost alternative for impedance analysis in small-scale medical applications.
台式实验室设备,如HP4194A精密阻抗分析仪,提供精度和功能,但往往是昂贵和笨重的。尽管集成电路提供的功能比台式等效电路少,但对于小型应用来说,它们是一种更便宜的选择。在本研究中,研究了AD5933阻抗转换器作为肱二头肌阻抗分析的低成本选择。AD5933评估板通过使用由5nf电容器和1 kOhm电阻组成的等效并联电路进行适当校准,以测量人体肌肉。接下来,采用AD5933作为实验器件,HP4194A作为控制器件,测量肱二头肌的阻抗。在10千赫到100千赫的频率范围内产生2伏的峰对峰信号,并测量二头肌的阻抗。AD5933记录的阻抗曲线定性和定量与HP4194A记录的阻抗曲线相似。因此,AD5933被认为是小规模医疗应用中阻抗分析的低成本替代方案。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
SMU Journal of Undergraduate Research
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