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Characterising the 2025 Santorini–Amorgos seismic swarm: Implications of magmatic and tectonic processes 表征2025年圣托里尼-阿莫戈斯地震群:岩浆和构造过程的含义
IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-26 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231125
K. Lentas , V.K. Karastathis , F. Gkika , E. Mouzakiotis , P. Koutsovitis
We investigate the source characteristics of the Santorini–Amorgos seismic sequence during its most active phase (late January to early March 2025) to constrain the processes driving the seismic outbreak and the interplay between tectonic stresses and magmatic/fluid activity. Probabilistic source inversions are carried out to estimate deviatoric and full (including non-deviatoric) moment tensors for a representative subset of earthquakes. Our findings suggest that approximately 65% of the examined earthquakes show pure double-couple, normal-faulting mechanisms, after taking into account the uncertainties in the computations due to errors in velocity models and hypocentres, based on realistic synthetic tests. Moreover, by examining the frequency content of the earthquake waveforms we confirm the volcano-tectonic characteristics of the seismic swarm. A stress inversion on the obtained moment tensors reveals principal stresses in agreement with the overall normal fault zones in the area and a rather low friction value, highlighting the significant involvement of tectonic component in the earthquake swarm, that was likely triggered by magma ascent within the crust and facilitated by the release of magmatic fluids, affecting the pre-existing fault system.
研究了圣托里尼-阿莫戈斯地震序列最活跃阶段(2025年1月底至3月初)的震源特征,以约束地震爆发的驱动过程以及构造应力与岩浆/流体活动之间的相互作用。概率源反演用于估计有代表性的地震子集的偏差和完全(包括非偏差)矩张量。我们的研究结果表明,在考虑到基于实际综合试验的速度模型和震源误差导致的计算中的不确定性之后,大约65%的被检查的地震显示出纯粹的双偶、正断层机制。此外,通过检测地震波形的频率含量,我们确定了地震群的火山构造特征。对获得的矩张量进行应力反演,发现主应力与该地区整体正断裂带一致,且摩擦值相当低,突出了地震群中构造成分的显著参与,这可能是由地壳内岩浆上升引发的,岩浆流体的释放促进了地震群的发生,影响了原有的断层系统。
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引用次数: 0
2D gravity modelling in Central Italy: Clues for the seismogenesis in the Apennines 意大利中部的二维重力模型:亚平宁山脉地震发生的线索
IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-26 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231113
M.M. Tiberti , M. Buttinelli , F.E. Maesano , F. Ferri , P. De Gori , L. Minelli , M. Di Nezza , C. D'Ambrogi
In the Central Apennines (Italy), the most updated reliable 3D geological models of the crust in the area affected by the 2016–17 Amatrice-Visso-Norcia seismic sequence highlighted that the coseismic rupture at the surface can involve old inherited normal faults, while the seismogenic sources lay at depth, possibly reactivating and inverting previous thrust faults, as in the case of the Mw 6.5 Norcia earthquake (30 October 2016). Here, we present a 2D gravity model across the Central Apennines to complete and confirm the crustal geometries resulting from the 3D model itself. The cross-section was built by integrating different data types, including surface geology, hydrocarbon wells, seismic profiles, and results from receiver function analysis. It was then checked against gravity anomalies and the velocity distribution from Local Earthquake Tomography (LET), adding further details, and, finally, against seismicity recorded during the 2016–2017 sequence. The results substantiate the reliability of the geometries proposed in the RETRACE-3D model, as they fit well, except for some local misfits, with other independent data, such as the Bouguer anomalies and the velocity distribution from LET. Furthermore, integrating different data types allowed us to provide a detailed description of the structural setting of the Apennine chain and the surroundings of the RETRACE-3D study area and to identify some new features at seismogenic depths beyond those typically targeted in hydrocarbon exploration. In particular, we were able to investigate the nature of the basement top and its relationship with seismotectonics.

Plain language summary

Specific knowledge of the Earth's crust structures and our ability to image them in three dimensions are crucial for improving the understanding of the tectonic processes, particularly those responsible for generating earthquakes. The RETRACE-3D project produced a 3D model of the crust down to depths of 5–10 km in the area of the Central Apennines hit by the 2016–2017 seismic sequence. In this study, we analysed the gravity anomalies along a 2D cross-section to validate these results and to extend our knowledge to the surrounding areas and greater depths. Gravity anomalies make it possible to detect density variations within the crust, which can be related to the presence of specific geological units. Our analysis validated the RETRACE-3D project findings and provided insights into the nature of the upper crust at the base of the sedimentary succession. In particular, we identified an ancient (Permian-Triassic) sedimentary body, whose presence and current position appear to be closely related to the seismotectonics of the area.
在亚平宁山脉中部(意大利),受2016 - 17年阿玛特里切-维索-诺尔恰地震序列影响的地区,最新可靠的地壳三维地质模型强调,地表同震破裂可能涉及古老的继承正断层,而发震源位于深处,可能重新激活和反转先前的逆冲断层,就像2016年10月30日的诺尔恰6.5级地震一样。在这里,我们提出了横跨亚平宁中部的二维重力模型,以完成并确认由三维模型本身产生的地壳几何形状。通过整合不同的数据类型,包括地面地质、油气井、地震剖面和接收函数分析结果,建立了剖面。然后将其与重力异常和本地地震层析成像(LET)的速度分布进行核对,增加更多细节,最后与2016-2017年序列记录的地震活动进行核对。结果证实了在trace - 3d模型中提出的几何形状的可靠性,因为除了一些局部不拟合外,它们与其他独立数据(如布格异常和LET的速度分布)拟合得很好。此外,整合不同的数据类型使我们能够详细描述亚平宁链的结构背景和trace - 3d研究区域的周围环境,并在油气勘探的典型目标深度之外识别出一些新的发震深度特征。特别是,我们能够研究基底顶部的性质及其与地震构造的关系。对地壳结构的具体了解以及我们对其三维成像的能力对于提高对构造过程的理解至关重要,尤其是那些产生地震的构造过程。在2016-2017年的地震序列中,在亚平宁山脉中部地区,trace -3D项目制作了深度为5-10公里的地壳3D模型。在这项研究中,我们分析了沿二维截面的重力异常,以验证这些结果,并将我们的知识扩展到周围地区和更深的深度。重力异常使探测地壳内部的密度变化成为可能,这可能与特定地质单元的存在有关。我们的分析验证了trace - 3d项目的发现,并提供了对沉积演替底部上地壳性质的见解。特别是,我们发现了一个古老的(二叠纪-三叠纪)沉积体,它的存在和现在的位置似乎与该地区的地震构造密切相关。
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引用次数: 0
Deep multiparameter analysis of the precursory lithospheric, atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies before and during the 28 March 2025 Mw7.7 Myanmar-Burma earthquake 2025年3月28日Mw7.7缅甸-缅甸地震前后岩石圈、大气和电离层前兆异常的深度多参数分析
IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-26 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231101
Angelo De Santis , Xuemin Zhang , Saioa A. Campuzano , Pan Xiong , Gianfranco Cianchini , Jing Liu , Serena D'Arcangelo , Na Yang , Mariagrazia De Caro , Xinyan Ouyang , Martina Orlando , Maoning Feng , Loredana Perrone , Yongxian Zhang , Dario Sabbagh , Xinyi Jia , Maurizio Soldani , Hong Liu , Ariana Varela-Mendez
On March 28, 2025, at 06:20:52 UTC (12:50:52 LT), a catastrophic Mw 7.7 earthquake occurred in central Myanmar-Burma, marking one of the most devastating seismic events in recent history. The earthquake occurred along the Sagaing Fault (SF), a highly active right-lateral strike-slip fault that accommodates the northward motion of the Indian Plate relative to the Sunda Plate. A multiparametric approach has been applied in order to study the preparation phase of this great earthquake, analyzing data from ground, atmosphere and satellite, with a total of eleven kinds of potential earthquake precursors. The results show a sigmoid pattern of all anomalies before and during the earthquake occurrence, typical of a critical system approaching a critical point. The sequence of the anomalies and their space and time concentration support the lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling (LAIC) model.
2025年3月28日,世界标准时间06:20:52(格林威治标准时间12:50:52),缅甸中部发生了7.7级灾难性地震,这是近代历史上最具破坏性的地震事件之一。地震发生在实皆断层(SF)沿线,这是一条高度活跃的右侧走滑断层,适应印度板块相对于巽他板块的北移。本文采用多参数方法,分析了地面、大气和卫星资料,共11种潜在的地震前兆,研究了这次大地震的准备阶段。结果表明,地震发生前和地震发生时的所有异常呈s型分布,这是一个接近临界点的典型临界系统。异常序列及其时空浓度支持岩石圈-大气-电离层耦合(LAIC)模式。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of the North Jining Basin Fault and its response to the northward expansion of the Shanxi rift system, North China 济宁盆地北断陷识别及其对山西裂谷系北扩的响应
IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-26 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231110
Zhikang Gong , Dongli Zhang , Weisheng Hou , Ting Liu , Jinhua Du , Haoyu Zhou , Zijian Feng , Xin Sun , Ruijie Xue , Haiyun Bi , Wenjun Zheng
The northward growth and expansion of the Shanxi rift system (SRS) are key to understanding the geodynamic evolution of the northeastern Ordos block. Previous studies have suggested that Shanxi rift activity weakens north of the Daihai–Huangqihai Basin under the influence of the EW-strike Zhangjiakou–Bohai tectonic zone. In this study, remote sensing and field investigations reveal an ∼100 km long prominent linear structure north of the Jining Basin in the northeastern Ordos block. Three high-density electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) profiles across this structure identify this region as the North Jining Basin Fault, NE-striking, SW-dipping normal fault that structurally controls the northern margin of the basin, exhibiting typical fault depression characteristics and latest activity in the Holocene. Geological evidence confirms that the fault offsets mid-Holocene sediments with a vertical displacement of ∼2.7 m. Combined with the spatiotemporal evolution of the Shanxi rift system, these findings suggest that the northeastern boundary of the rift remains active and continues to propagate northward, with the North Jining Basin Fault representing northward expansion of the extensional regime of the Shanxi rift.
山西裂谷系的北展发育是认识鄂尔多斯地块东北部地球动力学演化的关键。前人的研究认为,在东西向的张家口-渤海构造带的影响下,山西裂谷活动在岱海-黄旗海盆地以北减弱。在本研究中,通过遥感和野外调查,在鄂尔多斯地块东北部的济宁盆地北部发现了一条长约100 km的突出线性构造。3条高密度电阻率层析成像(ERT)剖面确定该地区为济宁盆地北断,北东向、西向正断层,构造上控制盆地北缘,具有典型断陷特征和全新世晚期活动。地质证据证实,该断层与中全新世沉积物的垂直位移为~ 2.7 m。结合山西裂谷系的时空演化特征,认为裂谷东北边界保持活跃并继续向北扩展,济宁盆地北断裂代表了山西裂谷伸展构造向北扩张。
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引用次数: 0
Structural inheritance control on Central Apennines seismotectonics: An updated review of the 1997 Umbria-Marche seismic sequence (Italy) 亚平宁中部地震构造的构造继承控制:1997年意大利翁布里亚-马尔切地震序列的最新回顾
IF 2.9 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231187
M. Buttinelli, F.E. Maesano, M. Anselmi, R. Maffucci, G. Vico
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引用次数: 0
Forward seismic modeling of thin-skinned fold-and-thrust belts: Understanding imaging artifacts and interpretation pitfalls 薄皮褶皱冲断带的正演地震模拟:理解成像伪影和解释缺陷
IF 2.9 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231185
Łukasz Słonka, Michal Nemčok, Łukasz Gągała, Piotr Krzywiec
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引用次数: 0
Faulting structure and seismic hazard: Insights from the 2024 MW 5.2 Bakersfield earthquake sequence 断裂结构和地震危险:来自2024年贝克斯菲尔德地震序列的见解
IF 2.9 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231184
Weidong Li, Pengcheng Zhou, Fan Zhang, Jiangyang Zhang, Zhiyuan Zhou, Tao Zhang, Jinyu Tian, Jian Lin
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引用次数: 0
Subsurface architecture of the Kachchh mainland and Katrol Hill Fault systems, Western India, using 3D constrained gravity and magnetic inversion 印度西部Kachchh大陆和Katrol Hill断层系统的地下结构,使用三维约束重力和磁场反演
IF 2.9 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231173
Anurag Tripathi
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引用次数: 0
Source characteristics and rupture process of the 8 September 2023 Mw 6.8 Al Haouz, Morocco, NW Africa earthquake: Insights from multi-scale seismological analysis 2023年9月8日摩洛哥Al Haouz 6.8 Mw地震震源特征和破裂过程:来自多尺度地震学分析的见解
IF 2.9 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231174
Tahir Serkan Irmak, Tuncay Taymaz, Mauro Palo, Seda Yolsal-Çevikbilen, Ceyhun Erman, Berkan Özkan, Nacer Jabour, Tuna Eken
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引用次数: 0
Long-lived topography along rifted margins: Insights from Aparados da Serra escarpment, Southeast Brazil 沿着裂谷边缘的长期地形:来自巴西东南部阿帕拉多斯达塞拉悬崖的见解
IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Pub Date : 2026-03-18 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231100
Mauricio B. Haag , Scott Jess , Lindsay M. Schoenbohm , Eva Enkelmann , Taís F. Pinto
The Brazilian margin is one of the longest elevated passive margins (EPMs) in the world. However, both the timing of uplift and the long-term evolution of this EPM remain highly debated. In this study, we present a new suite of apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He (AHe) and fission track (AFT) ages for the southern end of the Brazilian EPM, in the Aparados da Serra plateau. Combined with literature data, our results reveal that mean AHe ages range from 43 to 112 Ma, while AFT ages range from 46 to 222 Ma. Thermal history models suggest monotonic exhumation rates in the Aparados da Serra, with post-rifting rates <50 m Myr−1 in the coastal plain and < 25 m Myr−1 in the volcanic plateau. Collectively, our results imply a total erosion of 2–4 km of material from the coast and < 2 km from the plateau since rifting ca. 120–100 Ma. AHe and AFT data indicate no detectable accelerated phase of exhumation during the Cenozoic, implying that recent uplift along the margin was either absent or minimal, and that the relief observed in the Aparados da Serra is likely a consequence of sustained rift topography. Based on the absence of major recent tectonic events, we argue that Cenozoic exhumation patterns in the Aparados da Serra were largely controlled by geomorphologic processes (e.g., differential erosion). Lastly, the equivalence between long (AFT and AHe) and short-term (catchment-averaged) erosion rates argues for sustained stability of the margin over geological timescales.
巴西的边际是世界上最长的被动边际(epm)之一。然而,无论是隆升的时间和这一EPM的长期演变仍然存在高度争议。在这项研究中,我们提出了一套新的磷灰石(U-Th-Sm)/He (AHe)和裂变径迹(AFT)年龄的巴西EPM南端,在Aparados da Serra高原。结合文献资料,我们的研究结果显示,AHe的平均年龄在43 ~ 112 Ma之间,AFT的平均年龄在46 ~ 222 Ma之间。热历史模型表明,Aparados da Serra的挖掘速率单调,裂陷后的速率在沿海平原为50 m Myr−1,在火山高原为25 m Myr−1。总的来说,我们的结果表明,自大约120-100 Ma的裂谷以来,来自海岸的物质被侵蚀了2 - 4公里,来自高原的物质被侵蚀了2公里。AHe和AFT数据表明,在新生代期间没有可检测到的加速挖掘阶段,这意味着最近沿边缘的隆起要么不存在,要么很小,并且在Aparados da Serra观察到的起伏可能是持续裂谷地形的结果。基于近期主要构造事件的缺失,我们认为,阿巴拉多斯达塞拉地区的新生代发掘模式在很大程度上受地貌过程(如差异侵蚀)的控制。最后,长期(AFT和AHe)和短期(流域平均)侵蚀速率之间的等价性证明了在地质时间尺度上边缘的持续稳定性。
{"title":"Long-lived topography along rifted margins: Insights from Aparados da Serra escarpment, Southeast Brazil","authors":"Mauricio B. Haag ,&nbsp;Scott Jess ,&nbsp;Lindsay M. Schoenbohm ,&nbsp;Eva Enkelmann ,&nbsp;Taís F. Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2026.231100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Brazilian margin is one of the longest elevated passive margins (EPMs) in the world. However, both the timing of uplift and the long-term evolution of this EPM remain highly debated. In this study, we present a new suite of apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He (AHe) and fission track (AFT) ages for the southern end of the Brazilian EPM, in the Aparados da Serra plateau. Combined with literature data, our results reveal that mean AHe ages range from 43 to 112 Ma, while AFT ages range from 46 to 222 Ma. Thermal history models suggest monotonic exhumation rates in the Aparados da Serra, with post-rifting rates &lt;50 m Myr<sup>−1</sup> in the coastal plain and &lt; 25 m Myr<sup>−1</sup> in the volcanic plateau. Collectively, our results imply a total erosion of 2–4 km of material from the coast and &lt; 2 km from the plateau since rifting ca. 120–100 Ma. AHe and AFT data indicate no detectable accelerated phase of exhumation during the Cenozoic, implying that recent uplift along the margin was either absent or minimal, and that the relief observed in the Aparados da Serra is likely a consequence of sustained rift topography. Based on the absence of major recent tectonic events, we argue that Cenozoic exhumation patterns in the Aparados da Serra were largely controlled by geomorphologic processes (e.g., differential erosion). Lastly, the equivalence between long (AFT and AHe) and short-term (catchment-averaged) erosion rates argues for sustained stability of the margin over geological timescales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"925 ","pages":"Article 231100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Tectonophysics
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