Thomas Alt, Antje Gebert, Arnd Kessler, Claudia Berto, Rainer Stamminger
Routine household tasks, such as laundry or dishwashing, are complex socio-technical systems in which a variety of factors and actors interact, including manufacturers, technologies, regulators, consumer practices, cultural norms and infrastructures. A deep understanding of these socio-technical systems is necessary to find the right recommendations on how to optimise this system in order to achieve relevant savings in resource consumption without requiring a complete renewal of the infrastructure installed. In our case, we focus on automatic dishwashing in the United Kingdom and try to find out what an optimised consumer use of the dishwashers installed can look like and how many savings can be achieved. Accordingly, we modelled the base of dishwashers installed and conducted a consumer survey on dishwasher usage behaviour in sufficient detail to understand the interplay between the various factors. By simulating a change in usage behaviour, we find a potential energy saving of 21.3 % simply by following basic rules for selecting the appropriate programmes without the risk of a loss of performance.
{"title":"Saving resources without sacrificing results: an empirical investigation of the dishwashing reality of British consumers in an international comparison","authors":"Thomas Alt, Antje Gebert, Arnd Kessler, Claudia Berto, Rainer Stamminger","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2582","url":null,"abstract":"Routine household tasks, such as laundry or dishwashing, are complex socio-technical systems in which a variety of factors and actors interact, including manufacturers, technologies, regulators, consumer practices, cultural norms and infrastructures. A deep understanding of these socio-technical systems is necessary to find the right recommendations on how to optimise this system in order to achieve relevant savings in resource consumption without requiring a complete renewal of the infrastructure installed. In our case, we focus on automatic dishwashing in the United Kingdom and try to find out what an optimised consumer use of the dishwashers installed can look like and how many savings can be achieved. Accordingly, we modelled the base of dishwashers installed and conducted a consumer survey on dishwasher usage behaviour in sufficient detail to understand the interplay between the various factors. By simulating a change in usage behaviour, we find a potential energy saving of 21.3 % simply by following basic rules for selecting the appropriate programmes without the risk of a loss of performance.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shengnan Kong, Zheng Ji, Ya Xu, Bangchang Wei, Chuanrun Li, Huchuan Wang
In recent years, the massive use of pharmaceuticals has led to the detection of a large number of relevant residues in water. As emerging contaminants, pharmaceuticals residues in the environment pose a major threat to human health and ecosystems. Covalent organic polymers (COPs) possess high stability, uniform pore size, and easy functionalization, which have attracted great attention in water treatment. In this study, a novel covalent organic polymer was successfully studied by a simple synthesis method, combining p-phenylenediamine (Pd) and isophthalaldehyde (Is) via a Schiff-base (referred to PdIs-COP), which was used as an absorbent for the removal of indomethacin from aqueous solutions. The composite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The effect of changes in the pH values and the adsorption time on the adsorption capacity was also investigated. The results of this study indicated that the absorbent had a high adsorption capacity for indomethacin. The adsorption capacity of PdIs-COP for indomethacin is 92.86 mg g−1 at pH of five and a contact time of 2 min. This shows that PdIs-COP is a novel material with good affinity for pharmaceuticals.
{"title":"Removal of indomethacin from water using covalent organic polymers","authors":"Shengnan Kong, Zheng Ji, Ya Xu, Bangchang Wei, Chuanrun Li, Huchuan Wang","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2588","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the massive use of pharmaceuticals has led to the detection of a large number of relevant residues in water. As emerging contaminants, pharmaceuticals residues in the environment pose a major threat to human health and ecosystems. Covalent organic polymers (COPs) possess high stability, uniform pore size, and easy functionalization, which have attracted great attention in water treatment. In this study, a novel covalent organic polymer was successfully studied by a simple synthesis method, combining <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-phenylenediamine (Pd) and isophthalaldehyde (Is) via a Schiff-base (referred to PdIs-COP), which was used as an absorbent for the removal of indomethacin from aqueous solutions. The composite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The effect of changes in the pH values and the adsorption time on the adsorption capacity was also investigated. The results of this study indicated that the absorbent had a high adsorption capacity for indomethacin. The adsorption capacity of PdIs-COP for indomethacin is 92.86 mg g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> at pH of five and a contact time of 2 min. This shows that PdIs-COP is a novel material with good affinity for pharmaceuticals.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seng Soi Hoong, Arniza Mohd Zan, Nik Siti Mariam Nek Mat Din, Noor Armylisas Abu Hassan, Sook Wah Tang, Norashikin Ahmad, Tuan Noor Maznee Tuan Ismail, Zafarizal Aldrin Azizul Hasan
Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate (PGPR) is an emulsifier produced by esterification of polyricinoleic acid and polyglycerol. Polyricinoleic acid is derived from ricinoleic acid, which is expensive compared to other fatty acids. Therefore, analogues of polyricinoleic acid should be made from less expensive fatty acids, such as oleic acid. Therefore, oleic acid was converted to polyhydroxy estolide (PE) by a reaction with hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid. The PE was used as a substitute for polyricinoleic acid to produce PGPR analogues by direct esterification with polyglycerol and various fatty acids. The direct reaction between polyglycerol and PE produced a polyglyceryl estolide (PGE) with high viscosity and hydroxyl value, which limited its suitability as an emulsifier for the isopropyl myristate (IPM) and water system. Conversely, PGE prepared from lauric acid, polyglycerol and PE showed lower viscosity and hydroxyl value, resulting in a broad region of emulsion stability on a phase diagram when evaluated as a water-in-oil emulsifier for the IPM/water system. Similarly, other PGE made with oleic acid also displayed good emulsion stability for systems with higher IPM concentrations. In contrast, PGE prepared with stearic acid was a semi-solid at room temperature. Most of the prepared PGEs showed promising potential as emulsifiers for water-in-oil emulsions.
{"title":"Synthesis and emulsification properties of polyglyceryl estolides prepared from fatty acids","authors":"Seng Soi Hoong, Arniza Mohd Zan, Nik Siti Mariam Nek Mat Din, Noor Armylisas Abu Hassan, Sook Wah Tang, Norashikin Ahmad, Tuan Noor Maznee Tuan Ismail, Zafarizal Aldrin Azizul Hasan","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2583","url":null,"abstract":"Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate (PGPR) is an emulsifier produced by esterification of polyricinoleic acid and polyglycerol. Polyricinoleic acid is derived from ricinoleic acid, which is expensive compared to other fatty acids. Therefore, analogues of polyricinoleic acid should be made from less expensive fatty acids, such as oleic acid. Therefore, oleic acid was converted to polyhydroxy estolide (PE) by a reaction with hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid. The PE was used as a substitute for polyricinoleic acid to produce PGPR analogues by direct esterification with polyglycerol and various fatty acids. The direct reaction between polyglycerol and PE produced a polyglyceryl estolide (PGE) with high viscosity and hydroxyl value, which limited its suitability as an emulsifier for the isopropyl myristate (IPM) and water system. Conversely, PGE prepared from lauric acid, polyglycerol and PE showed lower viscosity and hydroxyl value, resulting in a broad region of emulsion stability on a phase diagram when evaluated as a water-in-oil emulsifier for the IPM/water system. Similarly, other PGE made with oleic acid also displayed good emulsion stability for systems with higher IPM concentrations. In contrast, PGE prepared with stearic acid was a semi-solid at room temperature. Most of the prepared PGEs showed promising potential as emulsifiers for water-in-oil emulsions.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siqi Zhang, Dongqing Wang, Bo Fang, Yudie Li, Jiayi Shen, Zhenrui Tian, Jinlan He
A novel viscoelastic surfactant (VES) micelle system was developed by using a new tetrameric polyhydroxy cationic surfactant (STPC) as a thickener in combination with sodium chloride (NaCl). The flow curves, thixotropy, viscoelasticity, viscosity-temperature relationship, temperature and shear resistance, and thermal thixotropy of the micelle system were further investigated. The results showed that the new four-parameter rheo kinetic model accurately described the viscosity versus shear time curve of the micelle system. The established four-parameter viscosity-temperature relationship model could be used to characterize the viscosity versus temperature curve of the micelle system. Meanwhile, the Carreau model could also be fitted to the flow curve of the STPC/NaCl micelle solution. The effects of counterion salt concentration and surfactant concentration on the rheological properties of the viscoelastic STPC/NaCl micelle solution were clarified and the optimum mass ratio of 5 wt%/5 wt% for the STPC/NaCl solution was determined. The viscoelastic modulus versus temperature curves of the STPC/NaCl (5 wt%/5 wt%) micelle solution showed that it exhibited thermal thixotropy. This study extends on the types of thickeners and VES micelle systems and provides a rheological reference for the application of viscoelastic tetrameric cationic surfactants in oil fields.
{"title":"Rheological characterization on novel viscoelastic tetrameric polyhydroxy cationic surfactant/sodium chloride micelle solutions","authors":"Siqi Zhang, Dongqing Wang, Bo Fang, Yudie Li, Jiayi Shen, Zhenrui Tian, Jinlan He","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2593","url":null,"abstract":"A novel viscoelastic surfactant (VES) micelle system was developed by using a new tetrameric polyhydroxy cationic surfactant (STPC) as a thickener in combination with sodium chloride (NaCl). The flow curves, thixotropy, viscoelasticity, viscosity-temperature relationship, temperature and shear resistance, and thermal thixotropy of the micelle system were further investigated. The results showed that the new four-parameter rheo kinetic model accurately described the viscosity versus shear time curve of the micelle system. The established four-parameter viscosity-temperature relationship model could be used to characterize the viscosity versus temperature curve of the micelle system. Meanwhile, the Carreau model could also be fitted to the flow curve of the STPC/NaCl micelle solution. The effects of counterion salt concentration and surfactant concentration on the rheological properties of the viscoelastic STPC/NaCl micelle solution were clarified and the optimum mass ratio of 5 wt%/5 wt% for the STPC/NaCl solution was determined. The viscoelastic modulus versus temperature curves of the STPC/NaCl (5 wt%/5 wt%) micelle solution showed that it exhibited thermal thixotropy. This study extends on the types of thickeners and VES micelle systems and provides a rheological reference for the application of viscoelastic tetrameric cationic surfactants in oil fields.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current investigation examines the micellization process of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate in aqueous media with builders at temperatures ranging from 298.15 K to 313.15 K. Using conductometry and tensiometry analyses, the study examines changes in micellar properties in different surfactant solutions, focusing primarily on CMC. Additionally, the variation of CMC with temperature was used to determine the thermodynamic parameters of micellization such as ∆Gm°,ΔHm°,${{increment}G}_{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}},{Delta }{H}_{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}}text{,}$ and ∆Sm°${{increment}S}_{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}}$. This approach provides valuable insights into the behavior of the surfactant and the different intermolecular interactions involved in the system. The different surface active parameters πCMC,Amin, and Γmax were elucidated using tensiometry via the Wilhelmy plate technique. Moreover, the capacity of the builder to sequester calcium ions was studied using a well-established titration method, offering valuable insights into their effectiveness. Their efficiency under oxidative conditions, particularly in preventing the interaction between copper ions and hydrogen peroxide, was evaluated. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of different builders when used with the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Their combination provides improved efficiency in protecting metals from corrosion, extracting heavy metals from polluted soils, and in personal care products such as shampoos and soaps.
本研究考察了十二烷基苯磺酸钠在温度为 298.15 K 至 313.15 K 的水介质中与建造商的胶束化过程。本研究使用电导测量法和张力测量法分析不同表面活性剂溶液中胶束特性的变化，主要侧重于 CMC。此外，还利用 CMC 随温度的变化来确定胶束化的热力学参数，如 ∆ G m ° , Δ H m ° 、 ${{increment}G}_{{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}},{Delta }{H}_{{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}}text{,}$ 和 ∆ S m ° ${{increment}S}_{{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}}$ 。这种方法为了解表面活性剂的行为以及系统中涉及的不同分子间相互作用提供了宝贵的见解。通过 Wilhelmy 平板技术使用张力测定法阐明了不同的表面活性参数 π CMC、A min 和 Γ max。此外，还使用一种成熟的滴定方法研究了构建剂封存钙离子的能力，为了解其有效性提供了宝贵的信息。此外，还评估了它们在氧化条件下的效率，特别是在防止铜离子与过氧化氢相互作用方面的效率。本文全面分析了不同构建剂与阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠一起使用时的效果。它们的组合在保护金属免受腐蚀、从污染土壤中萃取重金属以及在洗发水和肥皂等个人护理产品中的使用效率都有所提高。
{"title":"Thermodynamic and surface active investigations of aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate in presence of builders: sequestration of Ca2+ ions and interaction with H2O2","authors":"Bharti Budhalakoti, Navin Chandra Kothiyal","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2591","url":null,"abstract":"The current investigation examines the micellization process of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate in aqueous media with builders at temperatures ranging from 298.15 K to 313.15 K. Using conductometry and tensiometry analyses, the study examines changes in micellar properties in different surfactant solutions, focusing primarily on CMC. Additionally, the variation of CMC with temperature was used to determine the thermodynamic parameters of micellization such as <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:msubsup> <m:mrow> <m:mo>∆</m:mo> <m:mi>G</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m</m:mi> <m:mo>°</m:mo> </m:msubsup> <m:mo>,</m:mo> <m:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Δ</m:mi> <m:msubsup> <m:mi>H</m:mi> <m:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m</m:mi> <m:mo>°</m:mo> </m:msubsup> <m:mtext>,</m:mtext> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>${{increment}G}_{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}},{Delta }{H}_{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}}text{,}$</jats:tex-math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_tsd-2024-2591_ineq_001.png\"/> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:msubsup> <m:mrow> <m:mo>∆</m:mo> <m:mi>S</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m</m:mi> <m:mo>°</m:mo> </m:msubsup> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>${{increment}S}_{mathrm{m}}^{{}^{circ}}$</jats:tex-math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_tsd-2024-2591_ineq_002.png\"/> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>. This approach provides valuable insights into the behavior of the surfactant and the different intermolecular interactions involved in the system. The different surface active parameters <jats:italic>π</jats:italic> <jats:sub>CMC,</jats:sub> <jats:italic>A</jats:italic> <jats:sub>min,</jats:sub> and <jats:italic>Γ</jats:italic> <jats:sub>max</jats:sub> were elucidated using tensiometry via the Wilhelmy plate technique. Moreover, the capacity of the builder to sequester calcium ions was studied using a well-established titration method, offering valuable insights into their effectiveness. Their efficiency under oxidative conditions, particularly in preventing the interaction between copper ions and hydrogen peroxide, was evaluated. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of different builders when used with the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Their combination provides improved efficiency in protecting metals from corrosion, extracting heavy metals from polluted soils, and in personal care products such as shampoos and soaps.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141572942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas J. Tewes, Laurence Harcq, Pauline Minot, Martin ter Bekke, Dirk P. Bockmühl
Optimizing the energy efficiency of household appliances is crucial to appliance manufacturers, energy suppliers, governments and, almost importantly, consumers. For the reliable cleaning of normally soiled dishes, consumers can save energy by using Eco-programs instead of Intensive- or Auto-programs, but this means that they have to accept cleaning times of up to 4 h. Consequently, the acceptance for these programs is not very high, despite consumers’ high willingness to save energy and water. Short-cycles that run for less than 55 min and use equal to less energy on average than Eco-programs have a high consumer potential. However, according to manufacturers, these are rather designed for lightly soiled or pre-treated dishes. Considering the Sinner’s circle, the cleaning result depends on the interaction of temperature, time, mechanics and chemistry, so we investigated the extent to which using a commercially available detergent, thus fully exploiting the “chemistry” component of the Sinner’s circle, can save time, temperature, water and, most importantly, energy in the end. Our results show that there are Short-program combinations using a commercially available detergent that reliably clean normally soiled dishes in less than 55 min and typically 30–40 min with significantly lower energy consumption than average Eco-cycles.
{"title":"Short and sweet: balancing energy savings and cleaning performance to identify efficient short-cycles for domestic dishwashers","authors":"Thomas J. Tewes, Laurence Harcq, Pauline Minot, Martin ter Bekke, Dirk P. Bockmühl","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2589","url":null,"abstract":"Optimizing the energy efficiency of household appliances is crucial to appliance manufacturers, energy suppliers, governments and, almost importantly, consumers. For the reliable cleaning of normally soiled dishes, consumers can save energy by using Eco-programs instead of Intensive- or Auto-programs, but this means that they have to accept cleaning times of up to 4 h. Consequently, the acceptance for these programs is not very high, despite consumers’ high willingness to save energy and water. Short-cycles that run for less than 55 min and use equal to less energy on average than Eco-programs have a high consumer potential. However, according to manufacturers, these are rather designed for lightly soiled or pre-treated dishes. Considering the Sinner’s circle, the cleaning result depends on the interaction of temperature, time, mechanics and chemistry, so we investigated the extent to which using a commercially available detergent, thus fully exploiting the “chemistry” component of the Sinner’s circle, can save time, temperature, water and, most importantly, energy in the end. Our results show that there are Short-program combinations using a commercially available detergent that reliably clean normally soiled dishes in less than 55 min and typically 30–40 min with significantly lower energy consumption than average Eco-cycles.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141572945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the influence of vitamin B7 (biotin) at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5) mM on the micellisation behaviour of three different ionic liquids with different cationic headgroups, namely N-methylmorpholinium bromide [Mor1,12][Br], N-dodecyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bromide [Pyrr1,12][Br], and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C12mim][Br], at four different temperatures (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K using electrical conductivity and surface tension measurements. The evaluated CMC values for the studied system were used to obtain information about the colloidal behavior of the ionic liquids in the presence of biotin. The different thermodynamic parameters were studied. Tensiometry was used to determine the interfacial properties. The parameters obtained were used to study the different types of interactions for micelle formation. The main objective of studying these interactions is to further utilize this type of mixture in pharmaceutical industry, medicinal chemistry, and bio industry.
{"title":"Thermodynamic characteristics and aggregation behavior of surface active ionic liquids in presence of vitamin B7 (biotin)","authors":"Pooja Sharma, Shubham Sharma, Bharti Budhalakoti, Harsh Kumar","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2597","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the influence of vitamin B7 (biotin) at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5) mM on the micellisation behaviour of three different ionic liquids with different cationic headgroups, namely <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>-methylmorpholinium bromide [Mor<jats:sub>1,12</jats:sub>][Br], <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>-dodecyl-<jats:italic>N</jats:italic>-methylpyrrolidinium bromide [Pyrr<jats:sub>1,12</jats:sub>][Br], and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>mim][Br], at four different temperatures (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K using electrical conductivity and surface tension measurements. The evaluated CMC values for the studied system were used to obtain information about the colloidal behavior of the ionic liquids in the presence of biotin. The different thermodynamic parameters were studied. Tensiometry was used to determine the interfacial properties. The parameters obtained were used to study the different types of interactions for micelle formation. The main objective of studying these interactions is to further utilize this type of mixture in pharmaceutical industry, medicinal chemistry, and bio industry.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Dietary polyphenols from plant sources play an important role in the human diet. They have various biological effects, such as protein kinase inhibition, antibacterial, anticancer, antiulcer, antiarthritic, and anti-angiogenic properties. Among the various phenolic chemicals found in plants, resveratrol (trans-3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene) (RVT) is a non-flavonoid polyphenolic compound that has been extensively studied for its health-promoting advantages, including its anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardio-protective activities. Considering its potential in pharmaceutical nanoformulations, a rapid, economical, sensitive, and robust UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated. The proposed method was developed in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 to estimate the RVT content in the pharmaceutical nanoformulation. The method was developed at a reported wavelength of 306 nm. The developed method was validated according to ICH Q2A (R1) guidelines and was applied for the estimation of RVT in prepared nanoformulations. The method showed exceptional linearity in the range of (1–6) μg mL−1 with a coefficient of determinant value of 0.9998. The study proves that the developed method is linear, precise, sensitive, robust, reproducible, and accurate. This method can be applied for the estimation of RVT in nanoformulations and other bulk dosage forms.
{"title":"Determination of resveratrol in nanoformulations using UV-spectroscopy: forced degradation and drug entrapment","authors":"Bhavna Sonule, Nikhil Mehetre, Lalit Kumar","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2595","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dietary polyphenols from plant sources play an important role in the human diet. They have various biological effects, such as protein kinase inhibition, antibacterial, anticancer, antiulcer, antiarthritic, and anti-angiogenic properties. Among the various phenolic chemicals found in plants, resveratrol (trans-3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene) (RVT) is a non-flavonoid polyphenolic compound that has been extensively studied for its health-promoting advantages, including its anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardio-protective activities. Considering its potential in pharmaceutical nanoformulations, a rapid, economical, sensitive, and robust UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated. The proposed method was developed in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 to estimate the RVT content in the pharmaceutical nanoformulation. The method was developed at a reported wavelength of 306 nm. The developed method was validated according to ICH Q2A (R1) guidelines and was applied for the estimation of RVT in prepared nanoformulations. The method showed exceptional linearity in the range of (1–6) μg mL−1 with a coefficient of determinant value of 0.9998. The study proves that the developed method is linear, precise, sensitive, robust, reproducible, and accurate. This method can be applied for the estimation of RVT in nanoformulations and other bulk dosage forms.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141377193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the interaction between a diester amide Gemini surfactant (C12–E2Ph–C12) and the non-ionic polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) with average molecular weights of 6000 g mol−1 and 10,000 g mol−1 was investigated using the surface tension method. The study showed no discernible interaction between them. Further examinations, using surface tension, micropolarity and turbidity methods were conducted to investigate the interaction between C12–E2Ph–C12 and the anionic polymer sodium alginate (NaAlg). C12–E2Ph–C12 and NaAlg molecules bind together to form aggregates with a pearl necklace-like structure, driven by electrostatic attraction. This interaction is evident in both the surface tension and micropolarity curves, where double plateaus appear. The inorganic salt NaCl exhibited a dual influence on the interaction between C12–E2Ph–C12 and NaAlg, manifesting as either salt enhancement or reduction, depending on their competitive effects. Additionally, the dyeing performance of the different surfactants on two types of dyes was investigated using a colorimeter. C12–E2Ph–C12 showed favorable effects on dyeing uniformity, color fastness, and improvement of hair tensile strength. Hair dyeing results were satisfactory when C12–E2Ph–C12 was included as a uniform coloring agent and NaAlg was used as a thickening agent in the hair dye formulation.
{"title":"Interactions between diester amide Gemini surfactants and polymers, and their application in hair dyes","authors":"Yuheng Li, Yue Lei, Haiyan Gao, Liangliang Lin, Hujun Xu","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2024-2581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2024-2581","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the interaction between a diester amide Gemini surfactant (C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>–E<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>Ph–C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>) and the non-ionic polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) with average molecular weights of 6000 g mol<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 10,000 g mol<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> was investigated using the surface tension method. The study showed no discernible interaction between them. Further examinations, using surface tension, micropolarity and turbidity methods were conducted to investigate the interaction between C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>–E<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>Ph–C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> and the anionic polymer sodium alginate (NaAlg). C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>–E<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>Ph–C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> and NaAlg molecules bind together to form aggregates with a pearl necklace-like structure, driven by electrostatic attraction. This interaction is evident in both the surface tension and micropolarity curves, where double plateaus appear. The inorganic salt NaCl exhibited a dual influence on the interaction between C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>–E<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>Ph–C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> and NaAlg, manifesting as either salt enhancement or reduction, depending on their competitive effects. Additionally, the dyeing performance of the different surfactants on two types of dyes was investigated using a colorimeter. C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>–E<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>Ph–C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> showed favorable effects on dyeing uniformity, color fastness, and improvement of hair tensile strength. Hair dyeing results were satisfactory when C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>–E<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>Ph–C<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> was included as a uniform coloring agent and NaAlg was used as a thickening agent in the hair dye formulation.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141170258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eco-friendly, biodegradable, microbially produced surfactants, known as biosurfactants, have been intensively studied for their ability as potential substitutes for their synthetic counterparts. Currently, the commercialization of biosurfactants compared to synthetic (chemical) surfactants remains an economic challenge due to high production costs and lower yields. This review details the challenges and better strategies for industrial scale-up of biosurfactant production and downstream processing techniques. An analysis of the use of low cost, renewable substrates, parameter optimization, strain improvement, bioreactor engineering is discussed. The role of various engineering factors that help in scale-up of biosurfactant production such as drag coefficient, Reynolds number, Enrichment ratio, Eӧtvӧs number have also been considered in this review article. The review article demonstrates the potential activity of integrated separation processes and applications of biosurfactants, bringing biosurfactants into mainstream commercialization.
{"title":"A critical review on scale-up strategies of biosurfactant production and its applications","authors":"Huria Rizvi, Ashish","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2023-2567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2023-2567","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Eco-friendly, biodegradable, microbially produced surfactants, known as biosurfactants, have been intensively studied for their ability as potential substitutes for their synthetic counterparts. Currently, the commercialization of biosurfactants compared to synthetic (chemical) surfactants remains an economic challenge due to high production costs and lower yields. This review details the challenges and better strategies for industrial scale-up of biosurfactant production and downstream processing techniques. An analysis of the use of low cost, renewable substrates, parameter optimization, strain improvement, bioreactor engineering is discussed. The role of various engineering factors that help in scale-up of biosurfactant production such as drag coefficient, Reynolds number, Enrichment ratio, Eӧtvӧs number have also been considered in this review article. The review article demonstrates the potential activity of integrated separation processes and applications of biosurfactants, bringing biosurfactants into mainstream commercialization.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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