Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.4.20
Namkuk Son, Hoyong Sung, Geonhui Kim, Harim Choe, Yeun Ryu, Yeonsoo Kim
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 12-week online-delivered isometric and dynamic core stability exercises on functional movements, dynamic postural control, and core endurance in healthy young adults.METHODS This is a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Sixty young adults (age range: 19-34 years; 12 males, 48 females) participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to the isometric core exercise [ICE], dynamic core exercise [DCE], or control group. Participants in the ICE and DCE groups performed 40-60 min real-time online-delivered core exercise session via Zoom video conferencing application, twice a week for 12 weeks. Participants in the control group did not participate in exercise intervention. All participants were asked not to participate in other exercises for 12 weeks. The outcome measurements include the functional movement screen, Y-balance test (upper & lower), and core endurance tests (flexor, extensor, and lateral flexor of the trunk).RESULTS The results of this study showed significant improvement in core endurance, functional movement, and dynamic postural control of the upper body in the ICT and DCE groups compared with the control group. However, significant differences were not found between the ICE and DCE groups in all variables.CONCLUSIONS Both types of online-delivered core exercise programs have been shown to be effective in improving functional movement, dynamic posture control, and core endurance in young adults. In addition, since both types of exercise have been shown to be effective on core stability related variables, both types of exercise can be recommended for young adults. However, further studies are warranted to investigate the gender differences on the effects of the core stability exercises.
{"title":"The Effects of 12-week Online-delivered Isometric and Dynamic Core Stability Exercises on Functional Movement, Dynamic Postural Control, and Core Endurance in Healthy Young","authors":"Namkuk Son, Hoyong Sung, Geonhui Kim, Harim Choe, Yeun Ryu, Yeonsoo Kim","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.4.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.4.20","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 12-week online-delivered isometric and dynamic core stability exercises on functional movements, dynamic postural control, and core endurance in healthy young adults.METHODS This is a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Sixty young adults (age range: 19-34 years; 12 males, 48 females) participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to the isometric core exercise [ICE], dynamic core exercise [DCE], or control group. Participants in the ICE and DCE groups performed 40-60 min real-time online-delivered core exercise session via Zoom video conferencing application, twice a week for 12 weeks. Participants in the control group did not participate in exercise intervention. All participants were asked not to participate in other exercises for 12 weeks. The outcome measurements include the functional movement screen, Y-balance test (upper & lower), and core endurance tests (flexor, extensor, and lateral flexor of the trunk).RESULTS The results of this study showed significant improvement in core endurance, functional movement, and dynamic postural control of the upper body in the ICT and DCE groups compared with the control group. However, significant differences were not found between the ICE and DCE groups in all variables.CONCLUSIONS Both types of online-delivered core exercise programs have been shown to be effective in improving functional movement, dynamic posture control, and core endurance in young adults. In addition, since both types of exercise have been shown to be effective on core stability related variables, both types of exercise can be recommended for young adults. However, further studies are warranted to investigate the gender differences on the effects of the core stability exercises.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"6 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135808746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.60
Jooyoung Kim
OBJECTIVES Recovery is a crucial factor for soccer players, for which nutritional intake is essential. The purpose of this study is to introduce 4R nutrition strategies for optimized recovery of soccer players and provide practical guidelines.METHODS A literature review was conducted through web searches on PubMed, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library, using keywords such as “soccer,” “recovery,” and “nutrition."RESULTS For optimized recovery of soccer players, nutrition strategies should include fluids, electrolytes, carbohydrates, proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants. Such nutritional intake can aid glycogen repletion of soccer players and reduce muscle damage and fatigue, preparing them for the next match or training while preventing injuries, thus forming a critical foundation.CONCLUSIONS Nutritional intake can be a powerful and effective tool to promote recovery in soccer players. Evidence-based approaches are required in applying these nutritional strategies in field, and specific guidelines should be presented to facilitate the implementation by soccer players.
对足球运动员来说，恢复是一个至关重要的因素，营养摄入是必不可少的。本研究的目的是介绍4R营养策略，以优化足球运动员的恢复，并提供实用指导。方法采用“soccer”、“recovery”、“nutrition”等关键词，通过PubMed、web of Science、Wiley Online Library等网站进行文献检索。结果为了优化足球运动员的恢复，营养策略应包括液体、电解质、碳水化合物、蛋白质、omega-3脂肪酸和抗氧化剂。这样的营养摄入可以帮助足球运动员补充糖原，减少肌肉损伤和疲劳，为下一场比赛或训练做好准备，同时防止受伤，从而形成关键的基础。结论营养摄入是促进足球运动员康复的有力有效手段。在球场上应用这些营养策略需要基于证据的方法，并应提出具体的指导方针，以促进足球运动员的实施。
{"title":"4R Nutrition Strategies for Optimized Recovery of Elite Soccer Players","authors":"Jooyoung Kim","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.60","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES Recovery is a crucial factor for soccer players, for which nutritional intake is essential. The purpose of this study is to introduce 4R nutrition strategies for optimized recovery of soccer players and provide practical guidelines.METHODS A literature review was conducted through web searches on PubMed, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library, using keywords such as “soccer,” “recovery,” and “nutrition.\"RESULTS For optimized recovery of soccer players, nutrition strategies should include fluids, electrolytes, carbohydrates, proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants. Such nutritional intake can aid glycogen repletion of soccer players and reduce muscle damage and fatigue, preparing them for the next match or training while preventing injuries, thus forming a critical foundation.CONCLUSIONS Nutritional intake can be a powerful and effective tool to promote recovery in soccer players. Evidence-based approaches are required in applying these nutritional strategies in field, and specific guidelines should be presented to facilitate the implementation by soccer players.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73943315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.50
J. Lee, Hyunji Doo, Yuyeon Roh, Sang-hyup Song, Minsub Oh, Jihong Park
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to report changes in pain perception and the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) pulse amplitude, and progressions in aerobic and resistance exercise at each session during a ten-session rehabilitation programme for patients with anterior knee pain.METHODS Eleven patients with anterior knee pain (4 females and 7 males: 20.8 ± 2.8 years, 169.7 ± 8.1 cm, 72.9 ± 25.0 kg, painful duration: 51.3 ± 42.0 months, Kujala anterior knee pain scale: 73.4 out of 100) participated in the rehabilitation programme. Each session of rehabilitation consisted of a 30-min simultaneous application of TENS and focal knee joint cooling, followed by a 30-min of therapeutic exercises (aerobic, flexibility, and strengthening exercise). Pain perception (using a 10-cm visual analogue scale) before and after each session, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation pulse amplitude (mA), treadmill jogging speed (km/h), and external load during resistance exercises (knee extensions, squats, and lunges in kg/kg) at each session were recorded.RESULTS Overall pain perception was reduced (49%, p=0.0008) and the TENS pulse amplitude was increased (20%, p=0.002) at the fourth session. The jogging speed increased at the third (9%, p=0.008), fifth (7%, p=0.03), and ninth (9%, p=0.0007) session. External loads in resistance exercises were increased every session that the total improvement was 98% in lunges (p<0.0001), 95% in knee extensions (p<0.007), 105% in squats (p<0.0001).CONCLUSIONS The observed changes and progressions could be used as general guidelines for the establishment and implementation of a short-term conservative treatment of anterior knee pain.
{"title":"Change in Pain Perception and TENS Pulse Amplitude, and Progression in Aerobic and Resistance Exercises over a Series of Ten-session Rehabilitation for Anterior Knee Pain","authors":"J. Lee, Hyunji Doo, Yuyeon Roh, Sang-hyup Song, Minsub Oh, Jihong Park","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.50","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to report changes in pain perception and the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) pulse amplitude, and progressions in aerobic and resistance exercise at each session during a ten-session rehabilitation programme for patients with anterior knee pain.METHODS Eleven patients with anterior knee pain (4 females and 7 males: 20.8 ± 2.8 years, 169.7 ± 8.1 cm, 72.9 ± 25.0 kg, painful duration: 51.3 ± 42.0 months, Kujala anterior knee pain scale: 73.4 out of 100) participated in the rehabilitation programme. Each session of rehabilitation consisted of a 30-min simultaneous application of TENS and focal knee joint cooling, followed by a 30-min of therapeutic exercises (aerobic, flexibility, and strengthening exercise). Pain perception (using a 10-cm visual analogue scale) before and after each session, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation pulse amplitude (mA), treadmill jogging speed (km/h), and external load during resistance exercises (knee extensions, squats, and lunges in kg/kg) at each session were recorded.RESULTS Overall pain perception was reduced (49%, p=0.0008) and the TENS pulse amplitude was increased (20%, p=0.002) at the fourth session. The jogging speed increased at the third (9%, p=0.008), fifth (7%, p=0.03), and ninth (9%, p=0.0007) session. External loads in resistance exercises were increased every session that the total improvement was 98% in lunges (p<0.0001), 95% in knee extensions (p<0.007), 105% in squats (p<0.0001).CONCLUSIONS The observed changes and progressions could be used as general guidelines for the establishment and implementation of a short-term conservative treatment of anterior knee pain.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"28 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80201490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.30
Ji-Been Kim, Chae-Been Kim, Ying-ying Xiang, Jung-Jun Park, H. Kang, Wook Song, Han-joon Lee, Chung-Gun Lee, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Dong‐il Seo
OBJECTIVES Firefighters play a critical role in high-temperature environments that demand substantial physical strength for efficient job performance. However, South Korean firefighters face challenges in maintaining optimal fitness levels due to limited opportunities for exercise. Factors that contribute to this issue include shift work, frequent dispatches, and the absence of exercise instructors.METHODS At total of 20 male Korean firefighters were divided into an exercise group (EG) and a control group (CG) with ten participants each. The EG group underwent an 8-week exercise intervention at a fire academy in Busan using a kinect-based exercise device called Virtual Mate (VM), while the CG group maintained their regular lifestyle without any additional exercise. Pre- and post-assessments were conducted, including the Candidate Physical Ability Test (CPAT), a physical fitness evaluation commonly used for firefighting duties in North America, the Korea Firefighter Performance Battery (KFPB), which is a modified version of CPAT, and basic physical fitness tests. The effect of exercise was analyzed using statistical methods, including repeated measures analysis of variance and paired t-tests.RESULTS Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for CPAT completion time (p = .004) and KFPB completion time (p = .012). After 8 weeks of exercise, the EG demonstrated a significant decrease in CPAT completion time (543.7 ± 93.0 sec vs. 500.8 ± 64.1 sec, p = .004) and KFPB completion time (584.1 ± 47.8 sec vs. 525.3 ± 16.2 sec, p = .001), while the CG did not show significant changes. In terms of basic physical fitness, only in EG, number of sit-ups performed in one minute significantly increased (p < .001)CONCLUSIONS The Kinect-based exercise device, VM, proves to be a valuable solution for addressing the practical challenges faced by Korean firefighters, ultimately enhancing their physical fitness.
{"title":"Effect of a Kinect-Based Exercise on Improving Job-Related Physical Fitness Tests for Korean Firefighters","authors":"Ji-Been Kim, Chae-Been Kim, Ying-ying Xiang, Jung-Jun Park, H. Kang, Wook Song, Han-joon Lee, Chung-Gun Lee, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Dong‐il Seo","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.30","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES Firefighters play a critical role in high-temperature environments that demand substantial physical strength for efficient job performance. However, South Korean firefighters face challenges in maintaining optimal fitness levels due to limited opportunities for exercise. Factors that contribute to this issue include shift work, frequent dispatches, and the absence of exercise instructors.METHODS At total of 20 male Korean firefighters were divided into an exercise group (EG) and a control group (CG) with ten participants each. The EG group underwent an 8-week exercise intervention at a fire academy in Busan using a kinect-based exercise device called Virtual Mate (VM), while the CG group maintained their regular lifestyle without any additional exercise. Pre- and post-assessments were conducted, including the Candidate Physical Ability Test (CPAT), a physical fitness evaluation commonly used for firefighting duties in North America, the Korea Firefighter Performance Battery (KFPB), which is a modified version of CPAT, and basic physical fitness tests. The effect of exercise was analyzed using statistical methods, including repeated measures analysis of variance and paired t-tests.RESULTS Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for CPAT completion time (p = .004) and KFPB completion time (p = .012). After 8 weeks of exercise, the EG demonstrated a significant decrease in CPAT completion time (543.7 ± 93.0 sec vs. 500.8 ± 64.1 sec, p = .004) and KFPB completion time (584.1 ± 47.8 sec vs. 525.3 ± 16.2 sec, p = .001), while the CG did not show significant changes. In terms of basic physical fitness, only in EG, number of sit-ups performed in one minute significantly increased (p < .001)CONCLUSIONS The Kinect-based exercise device, VM, proves to be a valuable solution for addressing the practical challenges faced by Korean firefighters, ultimately enhancing their physical fitness.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84668479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.1
K. An
The Asian Journal of Kinesiology (AJK) was created under the name of “Journal of Health and Sports Medicine” when the Korean Association of Certified Exercise Professionals (KACEP) was founded in 1999, providing an academic background for KACEP’s Kinesiologists. The mission of the AJK is to develop and introduce the expertise and skills of kinesiologists and become a forum in academic communication. AJK plays a role in the development of kinesiology by encouraging publication of research papers focusing on “Strength and Conditioning”, “Clinical Exercise Education”, “Athletic Training and Sport Injury Rehabilitation”, and “Policy for Health, P.E., and Sport”. Additionally, it plays a key role in providing the basic data necessary for establishing strategies for expanding employment through expanding the kinesiologist’s scope of work and enhancing their vocational competencies [1]. Among the research fields published in AJK, I would like to introduce the new focus: “Functional Injury Prevention” related to “Exercise Training and Sport Injuries Rehabilitation”. A long time ago, the research paradigm shifted from developing rehabilitation exercise programs for rapid functional recovery from sports injuries to sports injury prevention (SIP) [2] that the kinesiologists are actually applying in the field. Currently, sports rehabilitation for functional recovery has already become a basic and essential subject for kinesiologists to learn. From the late 1990s to the 2000s, the importance of SIP has been on the rise. Recently, “Functional Injury Prevention” (FIP) was introduced in AJK, which combines “Functional Training” with SIP. It is attracting attention as an athletic training program [3]. In addition, FIP-related studies are actively conducted by kinesiologists and some researchers. As a new paradigm, to use and establish the FIP program in the sports scene, scientific evidence and developmental implementation strategies are needed. To this end, a FIP program that reflects specific elements for each exercise event must be established. Importantly, one of the key elements of such a FIP program is to improve neuromuscu-
{"title":"The Role of the Asian Journal of Kinesiology and Kinesiologists in Applying and Promoting Functional Injury Prevention","authors":"K. An","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology (AJK) was created under the name of “Journal of Health and Sports Medicine” when the Korean Association of Certified Exercise Professionals (KACEP) was founded in 1999, providing an academic background for KACEP’s Kinesiologists. The mission of the AJK is to develop and introduce the expertise and skills of kinesiologists and become a forum in academic communication. AJK plays a role in the development of kinesiology by encouraging publication of research papers focusing on “Strength and Conditioning”, “Clinical Exercise Education”, “Athletic Training and Sport Injury Rehabilitation”, and “Policy for Health, P.E., and Sport”. Additionally, it plays a key role in providing the basic data necessary for establishing strategies for expanding employment through expanding the kinesiologist’s scope of work and enhancing their vocational competencies [1]. Among the research fields published in AJK, I would like to introduce the new focus: “Functional Injury Prevention” related to “Exercise Training and Sport Injuries Rehabilitation”. A long time ago, the research paradigm shifted from developing rehabilitation exercise programs for rapid functional recovery from sports injuries to sports injury prevention (SIP) [2] that the kinesiologists are actually applying in the field. Currently, sports rehabilitation for functional recovery has already become a basic and essential subject for kinesiologists to learn. From the late 1990s to the 2000s, the importance of SIP has been on the rise. Recently, “Functional Injury Prevention” (FIP) was introduced in AJK, which combines “Functional Training” with SIP. It is attracting attention as an athletic training program [3]. In addition, FIP-related studies are actively conducted by kinesiologists and some researchers. As a new paradigm, to use and establish the FIP program in the sports scene, scientific evidence and developmental implementation strategies are needed. To this end, a FIP program that reflects specific elements for each exercise event must be established. Importantly, one of the key elements of such a FIP program is to improve neuromuscu-","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85863114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.43
Henry Pai, K. Han
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of applying a very minimal weight bearing in the early phase of a general rehabilitation program for returning to sports after periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip in physically active populations.METHODS A 22 year-old NCAA Division I female water polo player, with no prior history of hip injury and no signs of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), reported to athletic training facility early season complaining of right hip pain after stationary bike workout. The athlete reported hearing and feeling a sudden “pop” within the right hip with immediate hip pain when she was pedaling at moderate intensity of a stationary bike. Numbness and tingling was felt initially with the mechanism. Tender to palpate at the right hip flexor and anterior hip joint, as well as the greater trochanter. The athlete’s chief complaints were pain with walking and prolonged sitting. Antalgic gait noticed during evaluation. A 6-, 12-, and 24-week rehabilitation protocol were performed.RESULTS X-ray and MRI images showed no avascular necrosis or fracture. An abnormal alpha angle found and no bursitis or tendonitis was shown. A periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) was performed to rotate the acetabular fragment into optimal position and fixed to the pelvis with 3 screws. During the initial 6-week of post-surgical rehabilitation, the level of pain and edema were minimized, the athlete was able to perform toe-touch and partial weight-bearing with crutches, and restored hip ROMs. From 6 to 10 weeks, the athlete recovered full hip ROMs and able to perform lunges, leg press, deadlifts, mini squats back to pre-injury status. The athlete was able to return to activities of daily living (ADLs) after 12 weeks. At 24 weeks, the athlete was able to fully participate in sports without limitations.CONCLUSIONS This case describes the rehabilitation program employed following PAO for an atypical case of DDH in a water polo athlete who had no signs and symptoms of DDH prior to sports participation. At the end of the season, the athlete opted to undergo PAO given the risks and underwent a 6-month rehabilitation before a full return to function. This case report aides with treatment knowledge and postsurgical rehabilitation techniques for athletic trainers.
{"title":"Periacetabular Osteotomy for Hip Dysplasia in a NCAA Division I Female Water Polo Athlete","authors":"Henry Pai, K. Han","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.43","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of applying a very minimal weight bearing in the early phase of a general rehabilitation program for returning to sports after periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip in physically active populations.METHODS A 22 year-old NCAA Division I female water polo player, with no prior history of hip injury and no signs of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), reported to athletic training facility early season complaining of right hip pain after stationary bike workout. The athlete reported hearing and feeling a sudden “pop” within the right hip with immediate hip pain when she was pedaling at moderate intensity of a stationary bike. Numbness and tingling was felt initially with the mechanism. Tender to palpate at the right hip flexor and anterior hip joint, as well as the greater trochanter. The athlete’s chief complaints were pain with walking and prolonged sitting. Antalgic gait noticed during evaluation. A 6-, 12-, and 24-week rehabilitation protocol were performed.RESULTS X-ray and MRI images showed no avascular necrosis or fracture. An abnormal alpha angle found and no bursitis or tendonitis was shown. A periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) was performed to rotate the acetabular fragment into optimal position and fixed to the pelvis with 3 screws. During the initial 6-week of post-surgical rehabilitation, the level of pain and edema were minimized, the athlete was able to perform toe-touch and partial weight-bearing with crutches, and restored hip ROMs. From 6 to 10 weeks, the athlete recovered full hip ROMs and able to perform lunges, leg press, deadlifts, mini squats back to pre-injury status. The athlete was able to return to activities of daily living (ADLs) after 12 weeks. At 24 weeks, the athlete was able to fully participate in sports without limitations.CONCLUSIONS This case describes the rehabilitation program employed following PAO for an atypical case of DDH in a water polo athlete who had no signs and symptoms of DDH prior to sports participation. At the end of the season, the athlete opted to undergo PAO given the risks and underwent a 6-month rehabilitation before a full return to function. This case report aides with treatment knowledge and postsurgical rehabilitation techniques for athletic trainers.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81697244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.3
Hiroki Arakawa, Masamichi Okudaira, S. Tanigawa, Hirohiko Maemura, Takashi Fukuda
OBJECTIVES Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) demonstrated altered not only ankle but also lower extremity joint angle during numerous dynamic movements compared to healthy controls. However, little is known about joint angles during sprinting, which is the most essential movement during explosive sports. We, therefore, investigated the lower extremity joint angle during sprinting between elite sprinters with CAI and healthy controls.METHODS Fourteen male college sprinters participated in this study, seven with CAI and seven healthy controls. Five-second steady speed running was performed on a treadmill at 7.5 m/s. Mean lower extremity joint angles were compared applying the statistical parametric mapping method.RESULTS The CAI patients demonstrated significantly higher ankle dorsiflexion and knee flexion angles during the stance phase. Additionally, large between-group effect sizes would demonstrate higher ankle dorsiflexion and knee and hip flexion angle from the late swing phase to the late stance phase.CONCLUSIONS The altered lower extremity joint angles from the late swing phase to the late stance phase in CAI patients suggest greater joint stability for large external loads with feed-forward motor control programs.
{"title":"Altered Joint Angle Strategy for Sprinting in Elite Sprinters with Chronic Ankle Instability","authors":"Hiroki Arakawa, Masamichi Okudaira, S. Tanigawa, Hirohiko Maemura, Takashi Fukuda","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) demonstrated altered not only ankle but also lower extremity joint angle during numerous dynamic movements compared to healthy controls. However, little is known about joint angles during sprinting, which is the most essential movement during explosive sports. We, therefore, investigated the lower extremity joint angle during sprinting between elite sprinters with CAI and healthy controls.METHODS Fourteen male college sprinters participated in this study, seven with CAI and seven healthy controls. Five-second steady speed running was performed on a treadmill at 7.5 m/s. Mean lower extremity joint angles were compared applying the statistical parametric mapping method.RESULTS The CAI patients demonstrated significantly higher ankle dorsiflexion and knee flexion angles during the stance phase. Additionally, large between-group effect sizes would demonstrate higher ankle dorsiflexion and knee and hip flexion angle from the late swing phase to the late stance phase.CONCLUSIONS The altered lower extremity joint angles from the late swing phase to the late stance phase in CAI patients suggest greater joint stability for large external loads with feed-forward motor control programs.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82907513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.20
Ho-Seong Lee, Yun-hwan Lee, Ju-Eun Kim, Ho-Seong Lee
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of shoulder rehabilitation exercise on range of motion (ROM), muscle activity, muscle tone and manual muscle strength after arthroscopic bankart repair in elite collegiate rowing athlete.METHODS A 22-year-old elite collegiate rowing athlete with nerve decompression surgery for scapular entrapment syndrome in 2019, and arthroscopic bankart repair in 2021 was enrolled in this case study. Shoulder rehabilitation exercise program was received weight bearing and elastic band exercises, and was performed for 50 min/day, and 3 day/week for 8 weeks. ROM (flexion, extension, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation), muscle activity, muscle tone and manual muscle strength (infraspinatus; IFP, teres minor; TM, biceps; BI, lateral deltoid; LD, supraspinatus; SSP, upper trapezius; UT) were measured before, after 4 and 8 weeks of shoulder rehabilitation exercise.RESULTS Shoulder ROM increased at flexion, extension, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation after shoulder rehabilitation exercise. Muscle tone increased at IFP, TM, LD, SSP, and UT, but BI decreased after shoulder rehabilitation exercise. Muscle activity and manual muscle strength increased at IFP, TM, BI, LD, SSP, UT after shoulder rehabilitation exercise.CONCLUSIONS The results of this case report confirmed that shoulder rehabilitation exercise had a positive effect on the muscular physiological indices after arthroscopic bankart repair in elite collegiate rowing athlete.
{"title":"Effects of Shoulder Rehabilitation Exercise on Range of Motion, Muscle Activity, Muscle Tone and Manual Muscle Strength after Arthroscopic Bankart Repair in Elite Collegiate Rowing Athlete: Case Report","authors":"Ho-Seong Lee, Yun-hwan Lee, Ju-Eun Kim, Ho-Seong Lee","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.20","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of shoulder rehabilitation exercise on range of motion (ROM), muscle activity, muscle tone and manual muscle strength after arthroscopic bankart repair in elite collegiate rowing athlete.METHODS A 22-year-old elite collegiate rowing athlete with nerve decompression surgery for scapular entrapment syndrome in 2019, and arthroscopic bankart repair in 2021 was enrolled in this case study. Shoulder rehabilitation exercise program was received weight bearing and elastic band exercises, and was performed for 50 min/day, and 3 day/week for 8 weeks. ROM (flexion, extension, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation), muscle activity, muscle tone and manual muscle strength (infraspinatus; IFP, teres minor; TM, biceps; BI, lateral deltoid; LD, supraspinatus; SSP, upper trapezius; UT) were measured before, after 4 and 8 weeks of shoulder rehabilitation exercise.RESULTS Shoulder ROM increased at flexion, extension, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation after shoulder rehabilitation exercise. Muscle tone increased at IFP, TM, LD, SSP, and UT, but BI decreased after shoulder rehabilitation exercise. Muscle activity and manual muscle strength increased at IFP, TM, BI, LD, SSP, UT after shoulder rehabilitation exercise.CONCLUSIONS The results of this case report confirmed that shoulder rehabilitation exercise had a positive effect on the muscular physiological indices after arthroscopic bankart repair in elite collegiate rowing athlete.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84330079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.12
E. Jeong, D. Suh, Jae Kyeong Jeong
OBJECTIVES Anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) are used by humans to counteract the perturbation caused by the initiation of walking. Many previous studies have shown that APA can be improved through sensorimotor interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of sensorimotor intervention strategies for improving APA in the elderly.METHODS 20 healthy elderly participants were recruited and divided into two groups according to the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. Sensorimotor synchronization training (SMSt) utilizing auditory signals was used as intervention to improve the APA. APA was measured during the performance of lifting the foot and narrow walking tasks to compare the continuity of movement, and walking speed was measured to assess task performance. In order to compare the change of APA, we compared the displacement of center of pressure (COP) and torque before the movement occurred.RESULTS The results showed that the inter limb transfer effect was observed in all tasks. Although no difference between the group was observed in the foot raising task, there were significant increase in the foot speed, the magnitude and torque of the APA. Such changes are considered as a strategy for offsetting an increased perturbation of the faster foot after SMSt. Unlike the raising foot task, different aspects were observed in the narrow stride walking task. In the narrow stride walking task, although the foot speed increased, there was no increase in the magnitude and torque of APA. Furthermore, the group with low muscle function showed a decrease in static.CONCLUSIONS The differences in the continuity of motor tasks observed in this study support the hypothesis that SMSt can enhance motor control and improve postural function.
{"title":"Effects of Sensorimotor Synchronization Training on Anticipatory Postural Adjustments according to the Muscle Function in the Elderly","authors":"E. Jeong, D. Suh, Jae Kyeong Jeong","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES Anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) are used by humans to counteract the perturbation caused by the initiation of walking. Many previous studies have shown that APA can be improved through sensorimotor interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of sensorimotor intervention strategies for improving APA in the elderly.METHODS 20 healthy elderly participants were recruited and divided into two groups according to the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. Sensorimotor synchronization training (SMSt) utilizing auditory signals was used as intervention to improve the APA. APA was measured during the performance of lifting the foot and narrow walking tasks to compare the continuity of movement, and walking speed was measured to assess task performance. In order to compare the change of APA, we compared the displacement of center of pressure (COP) and torque before the movement occurred.RESULTS The results showed that the inter limb transfer effect was observed in all tasks. Although no difference between the group was observed in the foot raising task, there were significant increase in the foot speed, the magnitude and torque of the APA. Such changes are considered as a strategy for offsetting an increased perturbation of the faster foot after SMSt. Unlike the raising foot task, different aspects were observed in the narrow stride walking task. In the narrow stride walking task, although the foot speed increased, there was no increase in the magnitude and torque of APA. Furthermore, the group with low muscle function showed a decrease in static.CONCLUSIONS The differences in the continuity of motor tasks observed in this study support the hypothesis that SMSt can enhance motor control and improve postural function.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86352832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2023.25.2.43
Joo-hee Park, Seung Woo Shin, Shin-Beum Kang, Junghoon Kim
OBJECTIVES Electromyography (EMG) is a common technique used in clinical settings, which utilizes visual biofeedback to correct muscle activation during exercise. However, it is unclear whether the correction of muscle activation by the EMG biofeedback training restores proprioception, dynamic stability, and pain. In addition, to our knowledge, no study has investigated acute EMG biofeedback training on proprioception in adults with patellofemoral pain.METHODS The participants were twenty-nine adults (23 males and 6 females) aged ≥ 20 years with patellofemoral pain. We randomly assigned participants to either the EMG biofeedback training (EBT) group (n=15, mean age: 20.13±1.55 years) or the control group (n=14, mean age: 20.93±2.43 years). Proprioception of the knee joint was measured using joint position sense (30°, 45°, and 60°) tests. A numerical rating scale (NRS) was used to confirm the level of knee pain. The intervention group received EMG biofeedback training to increase the muscle activation of the vastus medialis oblique muscle, providing visual biofeedback using EMG.RESULTS The positional error evaluated in the 45° joint position was significantly decreased after the intervention (EBT: pre= 3.76±2.33°, post= 2.11±1.85°, P=0.020), with an interaction between time and group (P=0.028), but not other joint positions (30° and 60°). The NRS score reduced (EBT: pre= 3.87±2.20, post= 2.00±1.46, P=0.001), with a significant interaction between time and group (P=0.001).CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that acute EMG biofeedback training reduced knee pain in adults with patellofemoral pain. The improvement of positional error was observed in the 45° joint position but not in the other joint positions. Further research is needed to evaluate whether short- and long-term biofeedback training with EMG used in the treatment of patellofemoral pain is associated with outcomes of proprioception.
{"title":"Acute Effects of Electromyography Biofeedback Training on the Joint Position Sense and Pain in Adults with Patellofemoral Pain","authors":"Joo-hee Park, Seung Woo Shin, Shin-Beum Kang, Junghoon Kim","doi":"10.15758/ajk.2023.25.2.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2023.25.2.43","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES Electromyography (EMG) is a common technique used in clinical settings, which utilizes visual biofeedback to correct muscle activation during exercise. However, it is unclear whether the correction of muscle activation by the EMG biofeedback training restores proprioception, dynamic stability, and pain. In addition, to our knowledge, no study has investigated acute EMG biofeedback training on proprioception in adults with patellofemoral pain.METHODS The participants were twenty-nine adults (23 males and 6 females) aged ≥ 20 years with patellofemoral pain. We randomly assigned participants to either the EMG biofeedback training (EBT) group (n=15, mean age: 20.13±1.55 years) or the control group (n=14, mean age: 20.93±2.43 years). Proprioception of the knee joint was measured using joint position sense (30°, 45°, and 60°) tests. A numerical rating scale (NRS) was used to confirm the level of knee pain. The intervention group received EMG biofeedback training to increase the muscle activation of the vastus medialis oblique muscle, providing visual biofeedback using EMG.RESULTS The positional error evaluated in the 45° joint position was significantly decreased after the intervention (EBT: pre= 3.76±2.33°, post= 2.11±1.85°, P=0.020), with an interaction between time and group (P=0.028), but not other joint positions (30° and 60°). The NRS score reduced (EBT: pre= 3.87±2.20, post= 2.00±1.46, P=0.001), with a significant interaction between time and group (P=0.001).CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that acute EMG biofeedback training reduced knee pain in adults with patellofemoral pain. The improvement of positional error was observed in the 45° joint position but not in the other joint positions. Further research is needed to evaluate whether short- and long-term biofeedback training with EMG used in the treatment of patellofemoral pain is associated with outcomes of proprioception.","PeriodicalId":22264,"journal":{"name":"The Asian Journal of Kinesiology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77299045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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