Objectives: Previous studies showed that caregivers of patients with dementia (PWD) have lower quality of life (QoL) due to several clinical factors related to caregivers and their ill relatives. In this study, we intended to assess the associated factors of QoL in caregivers of PWD in Taiwan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with 270 dyads of PWD and their caregivers was conducted. We assessed family members' depressive symptoms, anxiety, affiliate stigma, care burden, and QoL, and patients' cognition, severity of dementia, self-care, and mobility skills, as well as neuropsychiatry symptoms of PWD. Results: Caregivers' longer years of education were significantly associated with better QoL in environment domains (β = 0.21, p < 0.01), while the children of caregivers had significantly better QoL in physical domains compared to spouses of caregivers (β = 0.28, p < 0.05). Patients with a past history of psychiatric hospitalization (β = 0.11, p < 0.05) and longer caregiving time (β = 0.13, p < 0.05) were significantly related to better QoL in environment domain. High levels of depression were associated with significantly lower QoL in physical health (β = −0.24, p < 0.05) and psychological domains (β = −0.32, p < 0.01), while more anxiety symptoms were related to significantly lower QoL in physical health (β = −0.26, p < 0.01) and environment domains (β = −0.27, p < 0.01). Higher levels of affiliate stigma were significantly related to lower QoL of caregivers in psychological (β = −0.23, p < 0.01), social relationships (β = −0.27, p < 0.01), and environment (β = −0.19, p < 0.05) domains. Higher levels of care burden were significantly related to lower QoL of caregivers in physical health (β = −0.24, p < 0.01) and environment (β = −0.23, p < 0.05) domains. Conclusion: Caregiver's depression, anxiety, affiliate stigma, and care burden were found to play a critical role in maintaining QoL of family caregivers. We suggest developing effective programs as a direction of future intervention for PWD to improve their QoL.
目的:以往的研究表明，痴呆症患者(PWD)护理者的生活质量(QoL)较低，原因是与护理者及其患病亲属相关的多种临床因素。本研究旨在探讨影响残疾照护者生活品质的相关因素。方法:对270对PWD患者及其护理人员进行横断面调查。我们评估了家庭成员的抑郁症状、焦虑、附属耻辱感、护理负担和生活质量，以及患者的认知、痴呆的严重程度、自我护理和行动技能，以及PWD的神经精神症状。结果:照料者受教育年限越长，照料者在环境领域的生活质量越好(β = 0.21, p < 0.01)，照料者子女在身体领域的生活质量显著优于照料者配偶(β = 0.28, p < 0.05)。有精神疾病住院史(β = 0.11, p < 0.05)和较长的护理时间与环境领域较好的生活质量显著相关(β = 0.13, p < 0.05)。抑郁水平高与生理健康(β = - 0.24, p < 0.05)和心理领域(β = - 0.32, p < 0.01)的生活质量显著降低相关，焦虑症状多与生理健康(β = - 0.26, p < 0.01)和环境领域(β = - 0.27, p < 0.01)的生活质量显著降低相关。在心理(β = - 0.23, p < 0.01)、社会关系(β = - 0.27, p < 0.01)和环境(β = - 0.19, p < 0.05)领域，亲缘耻辱感水平升高与照顾者生活质量降低显著相关。照料负担加重与照料者在身体健康(β = - 0.24, p < 0.01)和环境(β = - 0.23, p < 0.05)方面的生活质量降低显著相关。结论:照顾者抑郁、焦虑、伴随病耻感和照顾负担对维持家庭照顾者生活质量起关键作用。我们建议制定有效的计划作为未来干预的方向，以改善残疾人的生活质量。
{"title":"Factors associated with the quality of life in family caregivers of people with dementia in Taiwan","authors":"Teng- Yeh, Jian- Su, Chih- Chang","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_29_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_29_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Previous studies showed that caregivers of patients with dementia (PWD) have lower quality of life (QoL) due to several clinical factors related to caregivers and their ill relatives. In this study, we intended to assess the associated factors of QoL in caregivers of PWD in Taiwan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with 270 dyads of PWD and their caregivers was conducted. We assessed family members' depressive symptoms, anxiety, affiliate stigma, care burden, and QoL, and patients' cognition, severity of dementia, self-care, and mobility skills, as well as neuropsychiatry symptoms of PWD. Results: Caregivers' longer years of education were significantly associated with better QoL in environment domains (β = 0.21, p < 0.01), while the children of caregivers had significantly better QoL in physical domains compared to spouses of caregivers (β = 0.28, p < 0.05). Patients with a past history of psychiatric hospitalization (β = 0.11, p < 0.05) and longer caregiving time (β = 0.13, p < 0.05) were significantly related to better QoL in environment domain. High levels of depression were associated with significantly lower QoL in physical health (β = −0.24, p < 0.05) and psychological domains (β = −0.32, p < 0.01), while more anxiety symptoms were related to significantly lower QoL in physical health (β = −0.26, p < 0.01) and environment domains (β = −0.27, p < 0.01). Higher levels of affiliate stigma were significantly related to lower QoL of caregivers in psychological (β = −0.23, p < 0.01), social relationships (β = −0.27, p < 0.01), and environment (β = −0.19, p < 0.05) domains. Higher levels of care burden were significantly related to lower QoL of caregivers in physical health (β = −0.24, p < 0.01) and environment (β = −0.23, p < 0.05) domains. Conclusion: Caregiver's depression, anxiety, affiliate stigma, and care burden were found to play a critical role in maintaining QoL of family caregivers. We suggest developing effective programs as a direction of future intervention for PWD to improve their QoL.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84927303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Chein, Y. Hsieh, Huai-Hsuan Tseng, I. Lee, Yen Kuang Yang, P. Chen
Background: Individuals with childhood trauma may experience loneliness throughout their lives, which can potentially aggravate mental and physical health conditions. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that associations exist between childhood trauma and certain features of bipolar disorder (BD), including cognitive dysfunction, severity, and clinical course. But, it remains unclear whether loneliness is associated with childhood trauma or quality of life in adult patients with BD. Methods: We recruited 83 patients with euthymic BD and 40 control participants from the psychiatric outpatient clinic at National Cheng Kung University Hospital. Their severity of mood symptoms was measured according to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). All study participants completed the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) Scale and University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale. Results: Compared with controls, patients with euthymic BD had significantly higher scores of HDRS (p < 0.01), YMRS (p < 0.001), CTQ (p < 0.001), loneliness scores (p < 0.001), but significantly lower WHOQOL scores (p < 0.001). In patients with euthymic BD, a significantly positive correlation was found between loneliness and CTQ scores (p < 0.001) and a significantly negative correlation was present between loneliness and WHOQOL scores (p < 0.001). These correlations were also present in the control group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). Conclusion: Euthymic BD patients had stronger feelings of loneliness than controls overall. In both euthymic BD and control patients, loneliness was positively correlated with childhood trauma and negatively correlated with quality of life. These findings warrant further investigations to strengthen the findings of the causal relationship between childhood trauma and loneliness.
{"title":"Childhood trauma, loneliness, and quality of life in adults with euthymic bipolar disorder","authors":"K. Chein, Y. Hsieh, Huai-Hsuan Tseng, I. Lee, Yen Kuang Yang, P. Chen","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_25_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_25_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Individuals with childhood trauma may experience loneliness throughout their lives, which can potentially aggravate mental and physical health conditions. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that associations exist between childhood trauma and certain features of bipolar disorder (BD), including cognitive dysfunction, severity, and clinical course. But, it remains unclear whether loneliness is associated with childhood trauma or quality of life in adult patients with BD. Methods: We recruited 83 patients with euthymic BD and 40 control participants from the psychiatric outpatient clinic at National Cheng Kung University Hospital. Their severity of mood symptoms was measured according to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). All study participants completed the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) Scale and University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale. Results: Compared with controls, patients with euthymic BD had significantly higher scores of HDRS (p < 0.01), YMRS (p < 0.001), CTQ (p < 0.001), loneliness scores (p < 0.001), but significantly lower WHOQOL scores (p < 0.001). In patients with euthymic BD, a significantly positive correlation was found between loneliness and CTQ scores (p < 0.001) and a significantly negative correlation was present between loneliness and WHOQOL scores (p < 0.001). These correlations were also present in the control group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). Conclusion: Euthymic BD patients had stronger feelings of loneliness than controls overall. In both euthymic BD and control patients, loneliness was positively correlated with childhood trauma and negatively correlated with quality of life. These findings warrant further investigations to strengthen the findings of the causal relationship between childhood trauma and loneliness.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80343939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The figure of Luis Simarro Lacabra is not well-known outside Spain, but within the country became a character of special scientific and public importance. Luis Simarro, a person of a marked progressist spirit, not only was involved from his youth for in political matters, showing great interest in the modernization of a nation anchored in traditionalism, but also transferred this way of thinking to his professional work as a doctor, neurologist, histologist, psychiatrist, psychologist, and teacher. Methods: The authors gathered biographic story of Simarro and summarized his work in microscopic work in neuroscience and the development of experimental psychology. Results: Simarro would become, for his own merit, one of the great founders of Spanish neuroscience, to which he made great contributions together with Santiago Ramón y Cajal. He was also the first professor of experimental psychology at Spanish University and developed an interesting political and institutional work. In fact, his lack of international recognition is mainly due to the fact that Luis Simarro, despite his great talent, was not especially prone to publishing the scientific works. Therefore, his neurological findings, sometimes, were to be unjustly attributed to other colleagues. Conclusion: In this article, we have provided a brief profile of the figure of Simarro with the intention of projecting the importance of his figure of it beyond Spanish borders.
背景:路易斯·西马罗·拉卡布拉这个人物在西班牙以外并不出名，但在西班牙国内却成为了一个具有特殊科学和公共重要性的人物。路易斯·西马罗是一个具有明显进步精神的人，他不仅从年轻时就参与政治事务，对一个以传统主义为基础的国家的现代化表现出极大的兴趣，而且将这种思维方式转移到他作为医生、神经学家、组织学家、精神病学家、心理学家和教师的专业工作中。方法:收集Simarro的生平事迹，总结其在神经科学微观研究和实验心理学发展方面的工作。结果:Simarro因其自身的优点，将成为西班牙神经科学的伟大创始人之一，他与Santiago Ramón y Cajal一起做出了巨大的贡献。他也是西班牙大学的第一位实验心理学教授，并开展了一项有趣的政治和制度工作。事实上，他缺乏国际认可的主要原因是，尽管路易斯·西马罗才华横溢，但他并不特别倾向于发表科学著作。因此，他在神经学方面的发现有时会被不公正地归因于其他同事。结论:在这篇文章中，我们提供了西马罗的形象的简要介绍，目的是在西班牙边界之外突出他的形象的重要性。
{"title":"The introduction of neuroscience in Spain through the work of luis simarro","authors":"F. López-Muñoz, Francisco Pérez-Fernández","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_23_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_23_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The figure of Luis Simarro Lacabra is not well-known outside Spain, but within the country became a character of special scientific and public importance. Luis Simarro, a person of a marked progressist spirit, not only was involved from his youth for in political matters, showing great interest in the modernization of a nation anchored in traditionalism, but also transferred this way of thinking to his professional work as a doctor, neurologist, histologist, psychiatrist, psychologist, and teacher. Methods: The authors gathered biographic story of Simarro and summarized his work in microscopic work in neuroscience and the development of experimental psychology. Results: Simarro would become, for his own merit, one of the great founders of Spanish neuroscience, to which he made great contributions together with Santiago Ramón y Cajal. He was also the first professor of experimental psychology at Spanish University and developed an interesting political and institutional work. In fact, his lack of international recognition is mainly due to the fact that Luis Simarro, despite his great talent, was not especially prone to publishing the scientific works. Therefore, his neurological findings, sometimes, were to be unjustly attributed to other colleagues. Conclusion: In this article, we have provided a brief profile of the figure of Simarro with the intention of projecting the importance of his figure of it beyond Spanish borders.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82038209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The “Shih-Hsu Test of Attention” (SHTA) is an iPad-based attention assessment tool developed by occupational therapists in recent years, and has acceptable criterion-related validity and high test–retest reliability in preliminary application. In this study, we intended to explore the inter-rater reliability of SHTA between experienced and inexperienced occupational therapists. Methods: We recruited 24 voluntary study participants aged 20–24 years in this study. The participants completed twice the SHTA by an experienced occupational therapist and an occupational therapy student. Results: Analytical results showed that the inter-rater reliability between experienced and inexperienced occupational therapists using SHTA had satisfactory reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.65). Conclusion: Our preliminary findings showed that the new attention assessment tool, SHTA, had satisfactory inter-rater reliability between experienced and occupational therapy students. We need to wait for a future study with more numbers of study participants in both groups to strengthen the study finding of this pilot study. At this moment, we suggest improving the guidance and training for inexperienced occupational therapists to improve accuracy, and reducing the gap when testing with experienced occupational therapists in future.
目的:“施许注意测验”(Shih-Hsu Test of Attention, SHTA)是近年来由职业治疗师开发的一种基于ipad的注意评估工具，在初步应用中具有良好的标准相关效度和较高的重测信度。本研究旨在探讨经验丰富与经验不足的职业治疗师间SHTA的信度。方法:我们招募了24名年龄在20-24岁之间的志愿者。参与者分别由一名经验丰富的职业治疗师和一名职业治疗学生完成两次SHTA。结果:分析结果显示，经验丰富的职业治疗师和经验不足的职业治疗师在使用SHTA时具有满意的信度(类内相关系数= 0.65)。结论:我们的初步研究结果表明，新的注意力评估工具SHTA在经验治疗学生和职业治疗学生之间具有令人满意的信度。我们需要等待未来的研究，在两组中有更多的研究参与者，以加强本初步研究的研究发现。此时，我们建议加强对经验不足的职业治疗师的指导和培训，以提高准确性，并在未来减少与经验丰富的职业治疗师测试时的差距。
{"title":"Rating inter-rater reliability of Shih–Hsu Test of attention between an experienced psychiatric occupational therapist and an occupational therapy student: A pilot study","authors":"Yi-Nuo Shih, Chia-Chun Wu, Pei-En Shih, Jia- Hsu, Yin- Liao","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_26_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_26_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The “Shih-Hsu Test of Attention” (SHTA) is an iPad-based attention assessment tool developed by occupational therapists in recent years, and has acceptable criterion-related validity and high test–retest reliability in preliminary application. In this study, we intended to explore the inter-rater reliability of SHTA between experienced and inexperienced occupational therapists. Methods: We recruited 24 voluntary study participants aged 20–24 years in this study. The participants completed twice the SHTA by an experienced occupational therapist and an occupational therapy student. Results: Analytical results showed that the inter-rater reliability between experienced and inexperienced occupational therapists using SHTA had satisfactory reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.65). Conclusion: Our preliminary findings showed that the new attention assessment tool, SHTA, had satisfactory inter-rater reliability between experienced and occupational therapy students. We need to wait for a future study with more numbers of study participants in both groups to strengthen the study finding of this pilot study. At this moment, we suggest improving the guidance and training for inexperienced occupational therapists to improve accuracy, and reducing the gap when testing with experienced occupational therapists in future.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91265366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui-Ying Chou, Hsuan-Te Chu, Y. Tai, Szu-Tung Yang
Background: For decades, sleep problems have been proven to link to mental disorders and are independent risk factors for suicidality. But further details in the connections between them in the military are still understudied. In this study, we intended to fill this gap of linkage through by collecting self-reported responses from active-duty soldiers in Taiwan. Methods: In this study, we compared total sleep hours per day, sleep problems, prevalence of relevant psychological factors, and subclinical symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Taiwanese soldiers using responses to Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) item 5 from 808 Taiwanese soldiers. To examine their associations with each sleep problem, we used logistic regression models through redefining all sleep problems as dichotomous as outcome variables. Results: Compared with the navy, subjects in the army slept significantly fewer hours per day (p < 0.001), experienced significantly more difficulties with daily activities (p < 0.001), and displayed significantly less enthusiasm (p = 0.001). The female soldiers showed significantly more sleep problems than male soldiers, namely, waking up significantly more in the middle of night (p < 0.01), feeling significantly colder (p < 0.05) or significantly hotter (p = 0.001), having significantly more pain (p < 0.05), and having significantly more other reasons (p < 0.01). Samples from the male soldiers reported significantly more problems with enthusiasm in the past month (p < 0.01). After adjusting for interaction between other variables, the greater magnitude of “thwarted belongingness” is significantly more associated with sleep problems caused by pain or other reasons (all p < 0.05). “Perceived burdensomeness” was significantly more negatively related to sleep problems caused by waking up in the middle of the night and coughing or snoring loudly (all p < 0.05). All four subclinical symptoms of PTSD, namely, numbness, re-experience, avoidance, and arousal, affect soldiers' sleep differently. Conclusion: According to this study, Taiwanese Army and Navy soldiers suffer from different psychiatric conditions and sleep disorders depending on their gender. Aside from anxiety and depression, subclinical symptoms of PTSD were also associated with sleep problems, thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness in the military. The effects of treating sleep problems on suicide prevention in the military, especially among those with subclinical symptoms of PTSD, still require more focused research.
{"title":"Comparison of sleep problems and posttraumatic stress disorder associated psychiatric states in military active-duty Army and Navy Personnel in Taiwan","authors":"Hui-Ying Chou, Hsuan-Te Chu, Y. Tai, Szu-Tung Yang","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_24_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_24_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For decades, sleep problems have been proven to link to mental disorders and are independent risk factors for suicidality. But further details in the connections between them in the military are still understudied. In this study, we intended to fill this gap of linkage through by collecting self-reported responses from active-duty soldiers in Taiwan. Methods: In this study, we compared total sleep hours per day, sleep problems, prevalence of relevant psychological factors, and subclinical symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Taiwanese soldiers using responses to Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) item 5 from 808 Taiwanese soldiers. To examine their associations with each sleep problem, we used logistic regression models through redefining all sleep problems as dichotomous as outcome variables. Results: Compared with the navy, subjects in the army slept significantly fewer hours per day (p < 0.001), experienced significantly more difficulties with daily activities (p < 0.001), and displayed significantly less enthusiasm (p = 0.001). The female soldiers showed significantly more sleep problems than male soldiers, namely, waking up significantly more in the middle of night (p < 0.01), feeling significantly colder (p < 0.05) or significantly hotter (p = 0.001), having significantly more pain (p < 0.05), and having significantly more other reasons (p < 0.01). Samples from the male soldiers reported significantly more problems with enthusiasm in the past month (p < 0.01). After adjusting for interaction between other variables, the greater magnitude of “thwarted belongingness” is significantly more associated with sleep problems caused by pain or other reasons (all p < 0.05). “Perceived burdensomeness” was significantly more negatively related to sleep problems caused by waking up in the middle of the night and coughing or snoring loudly (all p < 0.05). All four subclinical symptoms of PTSD, namely, numbness, re-experience, avoidance, and arousal, affect soldiers' sleep differently. Conclusion: According to this study, Taiwanese Army and Navy soldiers suffer from different psychiatric conditions and sleep disorders depending on their gender. Aside from anxiety and depression, subclinical symptoms of PTSD were also associated with sleep problems, thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness in the military. The effects of treating sleep problems on suicide prevention in the military, especially among those with subclinical symptoms of PTSD, still require more focused research.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79249280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Keebayoon, Rujittika Mungmunpuntitipantip, V. Wiwanitkit
{"title":"Mental health consequences of Ukraine war","authors":"A. Keebayoon, Rujittika Mungmunpuntitipantip, V. Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_27_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_27_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73137147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Older adults are more vulnerable to perceived feelings of loneliness which may lead to depression, cognitive decline, and an overall decrease in their quality of life. In the present study, the main objective was to compare executive functions and interoceptive awareness between the elderly with and without perceived feelings of loneliness. Methods: In the study, we recruited a sample of 100 study subjects (50 individuals with perceived feelings of loneliness and 50 healthy controls). UCLA 3-Item Loneliness Scale was used as a screening tool for loneliness. Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Stroop Test, N Back Test (verbal and visual), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were used as measures of interoceptive awareness and executive functioning, respectively. Results: Significant difference was found between both the groups in working memory (p < 0.05) and set shifting ability (p < 0.01). In interoceptive awareness, significant difference was found between both the groups in the domains of significantly high on not distracting (t = 5.723, p < 0.01), significantly less on not worrying (t = 2.028, p < 0.05), significantly less on body listening (t = 2.302, p < 0.05), and significantly less on trusting (t = 4.630, p < 0.01). Conclusion: To understand the possible neuropsychological mechanism of loneliness may help conceptualize a better intervention plan for those with perceived feelings of loneliness to prevent progression to severe psychological problems and cognitive decline.
目的:老年人更容易感受到孤独感，孤独感可能导致抑郁、认知能力下降和整体生活质量下降。在本研究中，主要目的是比较有和没有孤独感的老年人的执行功能和内感受意识。方法:在研究中，我们招募了100名研究对象(50名有孤独感的个体和50名健康对照)。采用UCLA 3项孤独感量表作为孤独感的筛选工具。内感受意识的多维度评估、Stroop测验、N Back测验(语言和视觉)和威斯康星卡片分类测验分别作为内感受意识和执行功能的测量方法。结果:两组在工作记忆(p < 0.05)和定格移位能力(p < 0.01)上差异有统计学意义。在内感受意识方面，两组在“不分心”显著高(t = 5.723, p < 0.01)、“不担心”显著低(t = 2.028, p < 0.05)、“身体倾听”显著低(t = 2.302, p < 0.05)、“信任”显著低(t = 4.630, p < 0.01)。结论:了解孤独感可能的神经心理学机制，有助于制定更好的孤独感干预方案，防止孤独感发展为严重的心理问题和认知能力下降。
{"title":"The relationship between executive functions and interoceptive awareness in the elderly with perceived feelings of loneliness","authors":"Susmita Halder, ArpitaRoy Choudhury","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_28_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_28_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Older adults are more vulnerable to perceived feelings of loneliness which may lead to depression, cognitive decline, and an overall decrease in their quality of life. In the present study, the main objective was to compare executive functions and interoceptive awareness between the elderly with and without perceived feelings of loneliness. Methods: In the study, we recruited a sample of 100 study subjects (50 individuals with perceived feelings of loneliness and 50 healthy controls). UCLA 3-Item Loneliness Scale was used as a screening tool for loneliness. Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Stroop Test, N Back Test (verbal and visual), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were used as measures of interoceptive awareness and executive functioning, respectively. Results: Significant difference was found between both the groups in working memory (p < 0.05) and set shifting ability (p < 0.01). In interoceptive awareness, significant difference was found between both the groups in the domains of significantly high on not distracting (t = 5.723, p < 0.01), significantly less on not worrying (t = 2.028, p < 0.05), significantly less on body listening (t = 2.302, p < 0.05), and significantly less on trusting (t = 4.630, p < 0.01). Conclusion: To understand the possible neuropsychological mechanism of loneliness may help conceptualize a better intervention plan for those with perceived feelings of loneliness to prevent progression to severe psychological problems and cognitive decline.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89285573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Those who have infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), experience a range of symptoms, from mild and self-resolving respiratory illnesses to severe respiratory complications, as well as a range of the emotional symptoms of fear, guilt, anger, or anxiety due to the need of quarantine isolation. Clinical cases with a new onset of psychiatric symptoms in the acute stage or aftermath of COVID-19 have also been described in the literature. The impact of COVID-19 on psychological health across all stages of illness has become an area of interest in psychiatry. Methods: We at Johor Bahru, Malaysia, would like to report two patients without any history of any known psychiatric illness, who had their first manic episodes during the acute stage of COVID-19 infection. Results: Patient A was a 29-year-old married female patient, had a COVID-19 infection which were treated smoothly. But unfortunately, the devastating news of her husband's hospitalization for COVID-19 infection and the death of her sister-in-law due to the deadly virus came on the day of her discharge. Since she developed a picture of a manic episode with as elated mood, irritability, talkativeness, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, spending spree, reckless driving, excessive ideas concerning COVID-19 infection, and excessive sexual drive. She subsequently responded to treatment and was discharged with daily 600 mg of oral lithium carbonate, 200 mg of oral chlorpromazine, and 1,000 mg of sodium valproate Chrono. Patient B was a 31-year-old married homemaker and she presented herself to the emergency department for stage COVID-19 infection and witnessed resuscitation and eventual deaths of several patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. She was so frightened that she had become easily distracted, increasingly irritable, and talkative. Having reduced need for sleep at night, she would repeatedly call her friends and family around the clock to check if they had COVID-19 infection. She claimed to have the power to heal bone fractures with naked eyes. Furthermore, she started to see supernatural creatures around her at home. She subsequently responded to daily 750 mg of lithium carbonate and 1,000 mg of amisulpride during a 14-day inpatient stay. Conclusion: We content that our two patients had a new onset of manic episode after COVID-19 infection. We suggest that manic symptoms may have been triggered through an episode of COVID-19.
{"title":"New onset of mania in COVID-19 infection: A report of two cases","authors":"Nithya Nagalingam, Y. Chai, C. Tan","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_17_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_17_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Those who have infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), experience a range of symptoms, from mild and self-resolving respiratory illnesses to severe respiratory complications, as well as a range of the emotional symptoms of fear, guilt, anger, or anxiety due to the need of quarantine isolation. Clinical cases with a new onset of psychiatric symptoms in the acute stage or aftermath of COVID-19 have also been described in the literature. The impact of COVID-19 on psychological health across all stages of illness has become an area of interest in psychiatry. Methods: We at Johor Bahru, Malaysia, would like to report two patients without any history of any known psychiatric illness, who had their first manic episodes during the acute stage of COVID-19 infection. Results: Patient A was a 29-year-old married female patient, had a COVID-19 infection which were treated smoothly. But unfortunately, the devastating news of her husband's hospitalization for COVID-19 infection and the death of her sister-in-law due to the deadly virus came on the day of her discharge. Since she developed a picture of a manic episode with as elated mood, irritability, talkativeness, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, spending spree, reckless driving, excessive ideas concerning COVID-19 infection, and excessive sexual drive. She subsequently responded to treatment and was discharged with daily 600 mg of oral lithium carbonate, 200 mg of oral chlorpromazine, and 1,000 mg of sodium valproate Chrono. Patient B was a 31-year-old married homemaker and she presented herself to the emergency department for stage COVID-19 infection and witnessed resuscitation and eventual deaths of several patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. She was so frightened that she had become easily distracted, increasingly irritable, and talkative. Having reduced need for sleep at night, she would repeatedly call her friends and family around the clock to check if they had COVID-19 infection. She claimed to have the power to heal bone fractures with naked eyes. Furthermore, she started to see supernatural creatures around her at home. She subsequently responded to daily 750 mg of lithium carbonate and 1,000 mg of amisulpride during a 14-day inpatient stay. Conclusion: We content that our two patients had a new onset of manic episode after COVID-19 infection. We suggest that manic symptoms may have been triggered through an episode of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78403883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In reply: Concerns on methods while altering intervals in the questionnaire - Results that are statistically fixed: Commenting on perceived stress and its correlates among medical trainees in Oman – A single-institution study","authors":"S. Al-Adawi, Siham Al Shamli","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_22_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_22_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87181771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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