R. Nagarkar, R. Patil, Kavita Gadade, N. Paleja, R. Bhamre, Y. Ramesh
Objective: Psychological burden is a serious issue facing by the cancer patients and their caregivers (CGs) around the world during the pandemic situations such as COVID-19. In the present study, we assessed the psychological burden on cancer patients and their CGs during this COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was done using standardized questionnaire of the most validated scales - perceived stress scale and the caregiver strain index. Results: A total of 334 patients and 257 CGs participated in the present study. Majority of the patients experienced moderate to high level of stress (n = 239 [72%]), while CGs experienced a high level of strain (n = 132 [52%]). In the patient's cohort, stress was dependent significantly on education (p < 0.01), gender (p < 0.05), on active treatment (p < 0.001), and surgery (p < 0.05). Among CGs, strain was significantly affected by less education CGs (p < 0.001), patients more on active treatment (p < 0.01), and more primary gastrointestinal tumors (p < 0.01). From multivariate analysis of pandemic-specific factors, difficulty in transportation (p < 0.01) and increased financial burden (p < 0.05) were found to be significant influencing factors affecting the stress level of patients. Conclusion: To overcome the psychological burden due to lockdown, we suggest the initiation of psychosocial caring in all the necessary patients and their CGs to demonstrate its benefits in the long term.
{"title":"Psychological burden on cancer patients and their caregivers during COVID-19 pandemic in India","authors":"R. Nagarkar, R. Patil, Kavita Gadade, N. Paleja, R. Bhamre, Y. Ramesh","doi":"10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_35_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_35_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Psychological burden is a serious issue facing by the cancer patients and their caregivers (CGs) around the world during the pandemic situations such as COVID-19. In the present study, we assessed the psychological burden on cancer patients and their CGs during this COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was done using standardized questionnaire of the most validated scales - perceived stress scale and the caregiver strain index. Results: A total of 334 patients and 257 CGs participated in the present study. Majority of the patients experienced moderate to high level of stress (n = 239 [72%]), while CGs experienced a high level of strain (n = 132 [52%]). In the patient's cohort, stress was dependent significantly on education (p < 0.01), gender (p < 0.05), on active treatment (p < 0.001), and surgery (p < 0.05). Among CGs, strain was significantly affected by less education CGs (p < 0.001), patients more on active treatment (p < 0.01), and more primary gastrointestinal tumors (p < 0.01). From multivariate analysis of pandemic-specific factors, difficulty in transportation (p < 0.01) and increased financial burden (p < 0.05) were found to be significant influencing factors affecting the stress level of patients. Conclusion: To overcome the psychological burden due to lockdown, we suggest the initiation of psychosocial caring in all the necessary patients and their CGs to demonstrate its benefits in the long term.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"70 1","pages":"172 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84102552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Symptoms of poststress traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are intertwined in suicide ideation (SI) in military personnel. The interpersonal psychological theory (IPT) of suicide is proposed that the presence of thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB) produces the desire for suicide. To clarify the putative moderating effect of IPT on the complex-mediated moderation relationship among symptoms of soldiers' PTSD, depression, and SI, we did a cross-section study through recruiting military personnel in three camps in northern Taiwan. Methods: We recruited 759 active-duty soldiers (male: female = 579: 180) from three troops in northern Taiwan. They were asked to fill out copies of questionnaire according to their current two-week situation for our analyzing the study data. Results: In this study, we found that the pathway from soldiers' PTSD symptom to SI was positively and significantly mediated through their depression (p < 0.001), and that the pathway from their PTSD to depression was positively and significantly moderated by both PB (p < 0.05) and thwarted belongingness (p < 0.05). Comparing with male counterparts, the female soldiers, although significantly and relatively younger in age (p < 0.001), suffered from significantly higher levels of depression (p < 0.05) without significant sex difference in the magnitudes of PTSD symptoms. Conclusion: This study revealed the moderating effects of IPT on the pathway from PTSD to depression and SI among soldiers. Sex difference, although is subtle, can be essential in military suicide prevention and treatments for cases with PTSD symptoms.
{"title":"Depression, posttraumatic stress, and suicidal ideation: A linkage study in Taiwanese army","authors":"F. Chang, Hui-Ying Chou, Y. Tai, Szu-Nian Yang","doi":"10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_36_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_36_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Symptoms of poststress traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are intertwined in suicide ideation (SI) in military personnel. The interpersonal psychological theory (IPT) of suicide is proposed that the presence of thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB) produces the desire for suicide. To clarify the putative moderating effect of IPT on the complex-mediated moderation relationship among symptoms of soldiers' PTSD, depression, and SI, we did a cross-section study through recruiting military personnel in three camps in northern Taiwan. Methods: We recruited 759 active-duty soldiers (male: female = 579: 180) from three troops in northern Taiwan. They were asked to fill out copies of questionnaire according to their current two-week situation for our analyzing the study data. Results: In this study, we found that the pathway from soldiers' PTSD symptom to SI was positively and significantly mediated through their depression (p < 0.001), and that the pathway from their PTSD to depression was positively and significantly moderated by both PB (p < 0.05) and thwarted belongingness (p < 0.05). Comparing with male counterparts, the female soldiers, although significantly and relatively younger in age (p < 0.001), suffered from significantly higher levels of depression (p < 0.05) without significant sex difference in the magnitudes of PTSD symptoms. Conclusion: This study revealed the moderating effects of IPT on the pathway from PTSD to depression and SI among soldiers. Sex difference, although is subtle, can be essential in military suicide prevention and treatments for cases with PTSD symptoms.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 3 1","pages":"180 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78341026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siham Al Shamli, S. Al Omrani, Tamadhir Al-Mahrouqi, M. Chan, Ola Al Salmi, Muna Al-Saadoon, Aishwarya Ganesh, S. Al-Adawi
Objectives: Medical students from several parts of the world have increasingly been reported to have higher rates of stress and distress. In this study, we intended to explore the prevalence of perceived stress, disordered eating, and poor quality and pattern of sleep among medical students in the Arabian Gulf country, Oman. The related objective was to explore the relationship between sociodemographic variables and the expression of perceived stress. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among medical students at the only national university in Oman. The outcome measures included perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10), disordered eating (Eating Attitudes Test-26), and the quality and pattern of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). The study survey also included sociodemographic variables and risk factors. Results: We contacted 600 students, and 253 students responded (response rate = 42.2%) with a filled study survey. We found that 51.4% (n = 130) of the sample scored in the threshold of perceived stress, 16.2% showed disordered eating, and 79.1% displayed poor quality and disrupted pattern of sleep. The total sample comprised more females (73.1%) as compared to males (26.9%) at an average age of 22.0 ± 2.0 (mean ± standard deviation) years. More than 77% (n = 196) of them were senior students (year 4th–7th), and their average body mass index (BMI) was 23.6 ± 5.9) kg/m2. Twenty-five participants had a history of psychiatric illness. Among those with psychiatric illness, 7.5% (n = 19) were on regular psychotropic medications. In multivariate analysis, perceived stress was found to be significantly correlated with age (p < 0.01), years of study (p < 0.05), and poor quality and disrupted patterns of sleep (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study was embarked upon to examine the risk factors related to perceived stress among medical students in Oman. The rates of perceived stress, disordered eating, and poor quality and disrupted pattern of sleep were to echo international trends among medical students. The factors that were found to be related to perceived stress included age, having completed less than four years of their medical education, and poor quality and disrupted pattern of sleep. In addition to laying the groundwork for further studies, this data can be used for the prevention and mitigation of poor mental health outcomes.
{"title":"Perceived stress and its correlates among medical trainees in Oman: A single-institution study","authors":"Siham Al Shamli, S. Al Omrani, Tamadhir Al-Mahrouqi, M. Chan, Ola Al Salmi, Muna Al-Saadoon, Aishwarya Ganesh, S. Al-Adawi","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_37_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_37_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Medical students from several parts of the world have increasingly been reported to have higher rates of stress and distress. In this study, we intended to explore the prevalence of perceived stress, disordered eating, and poor quality and pattern of sleep among medical students in the Arabian Gulf country, Oman. The related objective was to explore the relationship between sociodemographic variables and the expression of perceived stress. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among medical students at the only national university in Oman. The outcome measures included perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10), disordered eating (Eating Attitudes Test-26), and the quality and pattern of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). The study survey also included sociodemographic variables and risk factors. Results: We contacted 600 students, and 253 students responded (response rate = 42.2%) with a filled study survey. We found that 51.4% (n = 130) of the sample scored in the threshold of perceived stress, 16.2% showed disordered eating, and 79.1% displayed poor quality and disrupted pattern of sleep. The total sample comprised more females (73.1%) as compared to males (26.9%) at an average age of 22.0 ± 2.0 (mean ± standard deviation) years. More than 77% (n = 196) of them were senior students (year 4th–7th), and their average body mass index (BMI) was 23.6 ± 5.9) kg/m2. Twenty-five participants had a history of psychiatric illness. Among those with psychiatric illness, 7.5% (n = 19) were on regular psychotropic medications. In multivariate analysis, perceived stress was found to be significantly correlated with age (p < 0.01), years of study (p < 0.05), and poor quality and disrupted patterns of sleep (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study was embarked upon to examine the risk factors related to perceived stress among medical students in Oman. The rates of perceived stress, disordered eating, and poor quality and disrupted pattern of sleep were to echo international trends among medical students. The factors that were found to be related to perceived stress included age, having completed less than four years of their medical education, and poor quality and disrupted pattern of sleep. In addition to laying the groundwork for further studies, this data can be used for the prevention and mitigation of poor mental health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"70 1","pages":"188 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86269879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in a patient with posttraumatic stress disorder and major depression: A case report","authors":"Tzu- Tsai, Yu- Shih, Ching‐Chang Lin","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_41_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_41_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"48 1","pages":"210 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81165095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a notable chronic liver disease due to metabolic syndrome, which has yet to be explored in long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. In this study, we intended to study the prevalence of NAFLD and related risk factors for patients with schizophrenia who were long-term hospitalized. Methods: All of 182 patients with schizophrenia were recruited from a public psychiatric hospital in Taiwan. Abdomen ultrasonography was carried out for all patients. In addition to age and sex, covariates including medical diagnoses (e.g., hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes), obesity, one-year cumulative dose of antipsychotics before the entry of this study, and abnormal liver function were included in the logistic regression model. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 50.3 ± 9.2 years. The mean duration ± SD of hospitalization was 8.7 ± 5.0 years. Males accounted for 60.4% (110/182). The percentage of NAFLD was 70.8% (129/182). In multivariate logistic regression, patients' odd ratios (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for a diagnosis of hypertriglyceridemia were 4.3 (1.11–16.7, p < 0.05) and for a finding of obesity 15.8 (3.82–65.6, p < 0.01), were significantly to have NAFLD. But patients with chronic hepatitis B were not significant to have NAFLD (OR [95% CI] = 0.17 [0.05–0.6]). Conclusion: The prevalence of NAFLD was high in patients with long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia in this study. We suggest that patients with schizophrenia and with long-term hospitalization need to receive timely, comprehensive, and prompt assessments for the presence of NAFLD as well as that intervention for their NAFLD is mandatory for maintaining well-being and quality of life in them.
{"title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia in a public psychiatric hospital","authors":"T. Lee, Bo-Jian Wu, Chuang Yu, Tso-Jen Wang","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_38_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_38_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a notable chronic liver disease due to metabolic syndrome, which has yet to be explored in long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. In this study, we intended to study the prevalence of NAFLD and related risk factors for patients with schizophrenia who were long-term hospitalized. Methods: All of 182 patients with schizophrenia were recruited from a public psychiatric hospital in Taiwan. Abdomen ultrasonography was carried out for all patients. In addition to age and sex, covariates including medical diagnoses (e.g., hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes), obesity, one-year cumulative dose of antipsychotics before the entry of this study, and abnormal liver function were included in the logistic regression model. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 50.3 ± 9.2 years. The mean duration ± SD of hospitalization was 8.7 ± 5.0 years. Males accounted for 60.4% (110/182). The percentage of NAFLD was 70.8% (129/182). In multivariate logistic regression, patients' odd ratios (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for a diagnosis of hypertriglyceridemia were 4.3 (1.11–16.7, p < 0.05) and for a finding of obesity 15.8 (3.82–65.6, p < 0.01), were significantly to have NAFLD. But patients with chronic hepatitis B were not significant to have NAFLD (OR [95% CI] = 0.17 [0.05–0.6]). Conclusion: The prevalence of NAFLD was high in patients with long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia in this study. We suggest that patients with schizophrenia and with long-term hospitalization need to receive timely, comprehensive, and prompt assessments for the presence of NAFLD as well as that intervention for their NAFLD is mandatory for maintaining well-being and quality of life in them.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"241 1","pages":"197 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80498834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: There is a dearth of data on positive psychiatry. There should be a greater emphasis on this aspect of mental health in all countries. The emphasis is not just on treatment but more importantly prevention. Positive psychiatry should involve the wide spectrum of mental health professionals including psychiatrists, nurses, psychologists, counselors, art and music therapists, as well as and the public. Methods: In this review, the author summarizes the Age Well Everyday (AWE) program on dementia and depression prevention for seniors conducted by the Mind Science Center, National University of Singapore. The program which started 10 years ago, is supported by volunteers in the community with funding from philanthropists. Results: Interventional strategies in the AWE program include health education, diet, exercise, art therapy, music reminiscence, gardening, and mindfulness practice. Randomized controlled trials have been conducted for all the interventional strategies, and the results are presented. This multi-modal program is a community endeavor and is now adopted by many community centers in Singapore. Conclusion: The AWE program is a nondrug and inexpensive program that can be adapted for other countries. It reflects positive psychiatry and a relevant strategy for the anti-stigma campaign in Singapore. The challenge ahead is translating research results into public health policies.
背景:关于积极精神病学的数据缺乏。所有国家都应更加重视精神卫生的这一方面。重点不仅在于治疗，更重要的是预防。积极精神病学应该涉及广泛的心理健康专业人员，包括精神病学家、护士、心理学家、咨询师、艺术和音乐治疗师，以及公众。方法:本文综述了新加坡国立大学心理科学中心开展的老年痴呆症和抑郁症预防的Age Well Everyday (AWE)项目。该项目始于10年前，由社区志愿者和慈善家资助。结果:AWE项目的干预策略包括健康教育、饮食、运动、艺术治疗、音乐回忆、园艺和正念练习。对所有干预策略进行了随机对照试验，并给出了结果。这个多模式的项目是一项社区努力，现在被新加坡的许多社区中心采用。结论:AWE项目是一种非药物且价格低廉的项目，可适用于其他国家。它反映了积极的精神病学和新加坡反污名运动的相关战略。未来的挑战是将研究成果转化为公共卫生政策。
{"title":"Positive psychiatry: A dementia and depression prevention program in Singapore","authors":"E. Kua","doi":"10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_43_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_43_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is a dearth of data on positive psychiatry. There should be a greater emphasis on this aspect of mental health in all countries. The emphasis is not just on treatment but more importantly prevention. Positive psychiatry should involve the wide spectrum of mental health professionals including psychiatrists, nurses, psychologists, counselors, art and music therapists, as well as and the public. Methods: In this review, the author summarizes the Age Well Everyday (AWE) program on dementia and depression prevention for seniors conducted by the Mind Science Center, National University of Singapore. The program which started 10 years ago, is supported by volunteers in the community with funding from philanthropists. Results: Interventional strategies in the AWE program include health education, diet, exercise, art therapy, music reminiscence, gardening, and mindfulness practice. Randomized controlled trials have been conducted for all the interventional strategies, and the results are presented. This multi-modal program is a community endeavor and is now adopted by many community centers in Singapore. Conclusion: The AWE program is a nondrug and inexpensive program that can be adapted for other countries. It reflects positive psychiatry and a relevant strategy for the anti-stigma campaign in Singapore. The challenge ahead is translating research results into public health policies.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"4 1","pages":"160 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87817563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Miguel de Cervantes (1547–1617) was a Spanish writer, who has often been considered as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's outstanding novelists. His novel Don Quixote, is a work often cited as both the first modern novel and one of the best works of world literature. The life of Cervantes has been full of fascinations, imaginations, attracting the attention from all walks of people, including psychiatrists. Methods: With career interest in psychopharmacology, the author in this review intends to focus on Cervantes's notions in his works on the use of psychotropic agents. The author also categorized psychotropic agents into four different scenarios of use – therapeutic remedies, toxic and poisonous agents (love philters, poisonous potions), antidotes as well as drugs of abuse (witches' ointments). Results: Cervantes' works were found that Cervantes made references to those preparations in Don Quixote, The Galatea, Journey to Parnassus, The Spanish English Lady, The Lawyer of Glass, The Jealous Old Man from Extremadura, The Dialogue of the Dogs, Pedro de Urdemalas and The Diversion. The main agents cited by Cervantes in the context analyzed included henbane, tobacco, rhubarb, rosemary, vervain, and in a masked way, opium. Cervantes did not identify the ingredients of other preparations with psychotropic properties, although, in the sense of the symptoms described by the author, they could be plants of the Solanaceae family, such as the henbane, nightshade, jimson weed, belladonna, or mandrake. Conclusion: Cervantes' texts, although by no means scientific treatises, give us with a correct description of the uses (and effects) of psychotropic substances in late Renaissance Spain, and explain how a group of drugs could have four archetypal qualities – remedy, poison, antidote, and drug of abuse.
{"title":"The Literary Works of Miguel de Cervantes from the Perspective of Psychopharmacology: The Four Aspects of Phármakon","authors":"F. López-Muñoz","doi":"10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_23_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_23_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Miguel de Cervantes (1547–1617) was a Spanish writer, who has often been considered as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's outstanding novelists. His novel Don Quixote, is a work often cited as both the first modern novel and one of the best works of world literature. The life of Cervantes has been full of fascinations, imaginations, attracting the attention from all walks of people, including psychiatrists. Methods: With career interest in psychopharmacology, the author in this review intends to focus on Cervantes's notions in his works on the use of psychotropic agents. The author also categorized psychotropic agents into four different scenarios of use – therapeutic remedies, toxic and poisonous agents (love philters, poisonous potions), antidotes as well as drugs of abuse (witches' ointments). Results: Cervantes' works were found that Cervantes made references to those preparations in Don Quixote, The Galatea, Journey to Parnassus, The Spanish English Lady, The Lawyer of Glass, The Jealous Old Man from Extremadura, The Dialogue of the Dogs, Pedro de Urdemalas and The Diversion. The main agents cited by Cervantes in the context analyzed included henbane, tobacco, rhubarb, rosemary, vervain, and in a masked way, opium. Cervantes did not identify the ingredients of other preparations with psychotropic properties, although, in the sense of the symptoms described by the author, they could be plants of the Solanaceae family, such as the henbane, nightshade, jimson weed, belladonna, or mandrake. Conclusion: Cervantes' texts, although by no means scientific treatises, give us with a correct description of the uses (and effects) of psychotropic substances in late Renaissance Spain, and explain how a group of drugs could have four archetypal qualities – remedy, poison, antidote, and drug of abuse.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":"103 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74207611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Claw machine-induced gaming disorder: A case report","authors":"C. Thum, Y. Chai","doi":"10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_30_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_30_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"20 1","pages":"151 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79897025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chunxu Cheng, Li- Huang, Wei-Tsung Kao, C. Su, Frank Chou, Kuan-Ying Hsieh
Objective: Alcohol has cognitive impacts on patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). In this study, we intended to study cognitive impairments in patients with AUD and their potential interrelationships. Methods: We enrolled 60 patients with AUD or alcohol intoxication in Taiwan. The severity of alcohol use was assessed using a copy for severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire (SADQ). Cognitive function was evaluated using Stroop color and word test, continuous performance test-identical pairs, trail making test, visual alternating and divided attention subscales of computerized everyday attention test, visual elevator subscale of test of everyday attention, Benton judgment of line orientation test, spatial perception subscale of visual object perception test, visual motor organization subscale of Loewenstein occupational therapy, thinking operations subscale of Loewenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment, digit symbol coding subscale of Wechsler adult intelligence scale-third edition, as well as symbol digit modalities test. Moreover, we used a structural equation modeling (SEM) to link age, duration of alcohol use, SADQ, and cognitive impairments. Results: Patients with AUD had significantly impairments of “attention” (p < 0.01), “visual motor coordination” (p < 0.001), and “executive function” (p < 0.01). SEM analysis showed that the higher level of attention, visual motor coordination, and executive functional impairments were significantly linked with old age (p < 0.01), long duration of alcohol use (p < 0.01), and higher score of SADQ (p < 0.01). Furthermore, we found that the three cognitive impairments were positively associated with each other. Conclusion: Old age, long duration of alcohol use, and severe alcohol use were the predictors of cognitive impairments and early detection. The early screening of predictive factors and timely interventions should be considered to improve cognitive function in patients with AUD.
{"title":"Cognitive function and alcohol use disorder: Path analysis for a cross-sectional study in Taiwan","authors":"Chunxu Cheng, Li- Huang, Wei-Tsung Kao, C. Su, Frank Chou, Kuan-Ying Hsieh","doi":"10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_25_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_25_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Alcohol has cognitive impacts on patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). In this study, we intended to study cognitive impairments in patients with AUD and their potential interrelationships. Methods: We enrolled 60 patients with AUD or alcohol intoxication in Taiwan. The severity of alcohol use was assessed using a copy for severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire (SADQ). Cognitive function was evaluated using Stroop color and word test, continuous performance test-identical pairs, trail making test, visual alternating and divided attention subscales of computerized everyday attention test, visual elevator subscale of test of everyday attention, Benton judgment of line orientation test, spatial perception subscale of visual object perception test, visual motor organization subscale of Loewenstein occupational therapy, thinking operations subscale of Loewenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment, digit symbol coding subscale of Wechsler adult intelligence scale-third edition, as well as symbol digit modalities test. Moreover, we used a structural equation modeling (SEM) to link age, duration of alcohol use, SADQ, and cognitive impairments. Results: Patients with AUD had significantly impairments of “attention” (p < 0.01), “visual motor coordination” (p < 0.001), and “executive function” (p < 0.01). SEM analysis showed that the higher level of attention, visual motor coordination, and executive functional impairments were significantly linked with old age (p < 0.01), long duration of alcohol use (p < 0.01), and higher score of SADQ (p < 0.01). Furthermore, we found that the three cognitive impairments were positively associated with each other. Conclusion: Old age, long duration of alcohol use, and severe alcohol use were the predictors of cognitive impairments and early detection. The early screening of predictive factors and timely interventions should be considered to improve cognitive function in patients with AUD.","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"85 1","pages":"124 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81208028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Paliperidone-induced dose-dependent sialorrhea treated with biperiden: A case report","authors":"Ji Lin, Pei Wu","doi":"10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_29_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TPSY.TPSY_29_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22278,"journal":{"name":"Taiwanese Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"86 1","pages":"149 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85207639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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