Pub Date : 2020-08-03DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2021-2-26-62-73
Yu.A. Gulyanov
The assessment of current meteorological trends is necessary for the scientific justification of measures aimed at stabilizing the gross harvest of food grain under conditions of changing climate. The purpose of the research was to assess the impact of climatic changes on the survival rate and safety of productive spring wheat crops until harvesting on the example of some administrative districts (natural and climatic zones) of the Orenburg region. Data on the average daily air temperatures, precipitation and yield of spring wheat during 2008–2019 obtained from open sources were the objects of the research. The average loss of the harvest area of spring wheat in the region, which amounted to 16.9 % of the sown area, for the analyzed period (2008–2019) was equal to 237,160 hectares per year. Its highest relative values were observed in Akbulaksky (45.7 %), Orenburg (40.0 %) and Dombarovsky (38.2 %) districts. The territories with the largest proportions of unharvested areas are characterized by rather “harsh” hydrothermal conditions. The average values of the Selyaninov Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) over twelve years were 0.57 mm/°С, 0.48 mm/°С and 0.42 mm/°С in the central, eastern and southern zone of the region, respectively. In the studied zones, there is a clear increase in the aridity of summer months (the growing seasons of spring wheat), especially in the southern zone, where the moisture conditions are characterized as dry. The strongest inverse relationship between the loss of spring wheat harvesting areas and the amount of precipitation (r = −0.50 – −0.71) is observed for the period September–July. The direct relationship between the loss of spring wheat harvesting areas and the sum of active temperatures is the strongest in the April-June period (r = 0.40–0.59). It coincides with the time of seedlings formation and reproductive organs laying, which are the basis of the future crop. To stabilize the gross grain harvest, it is appropriate to carry out a set of organizational, economic and agrotechnical measures aimed at optimizing the structure of the land fund and adapting agricultural technologies to the changing climate.
{"title":"УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ АГРОЦЕНОЗОВ ЯРОВОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ К СОВРЕМЕННЫМ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИМ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯМ В ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИИ СТЕПНОЙ ЗОНЫ ЮЖНОГО УРАЛА","authors":"Yu.A. Gulyanov","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2021-2-26-62-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2021-2-26-62-73","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of current meteorological trends is necessary for the scientific justification of measures aimed at stabilizing the gross harvest of food grain under conditions of changing climate. The purpose of the research was to assess the impact of climatic changes on the survival rate and safety of productive spring wheat crops until harvesting on the example of some administrative districts (natural and climatic zones) of the Orenburg region. Data on the average daily air temperatures, precipitation and yield of spring wheat during 2008–2019 obtained from open sources were the objects of the research. The average loss of the harvest area of spring wheat in the region, which amounted to 16.9 % of the sown area, for the analyzed period (2008–2019) was equal to 237,160 hectares per year. Its highest relative values were observed in Akbulaksky (45.7 %), Orenburg (40.0 %) and Dombarovsky (38.2 %) districts. The territories with the largest proportions of unharvested areas are characterized by rather “harsh” hydrothermal conditions. The average values of the Selyaninov Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) over twelve years were 0.57 mm/°С, 0.48 mm/°С and 0.42 mm/°С in the central, eastern and southern zone of the region, respectively. In the studied zones, there is a clear increase in the aridity of summer months (the growing seasons of spring wheat), especially in the southern zone, where the moisture conditions are characterized as dry. The strongest inverse relationship between the loss of spring wheat harvesting areas and the amount of precipitation (r = −0.50 – −0.71) is observed for the period September–July. The direct relationship between the loss of spring wheat harvesting areas and the sum of active temperatures is the strongest in the April-June period (r = 0.40–0.59). It coincides with the time of seedlings formation and reproductive organs laying, which are the basis of the future crop. To stabilize the gross grain harvest, it is appropriate to carry out a set of organizational, economic and agrotechnical measures aimed at optimizing the structure of the land fund and adapting agricultural technologies to the changing climate.","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81139696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-03DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2021-2-26-74-88
S. Denisova, A. Reut
In introduction studies, it is urgent to determine how favorable the water balance of the species studied is under defined environmental conditions. The research aimed to scrutinize the water regime of Chrysanthemum × hortorum Bailey and select drought-resistant varieties to replenish the range of plants used for floriculture in the Republic of Bashkortostan on grey forest (Haplic Greyzems) loamy soil. The studies were conducted in 2018‒2020. Irrigation frequency – twice a week. After each watering, soil loosening was carried out. One week before sampling for analysis, we stopped watering flowers. Water regime indicators were analyzed according to the method of artificial wilting (V. N. Tarenkov et al. 1990) and methodology of saturation of plant samples (V. P. Moiseev et al. 2009). Sublethal water deficit was determined by the method of T. K. Goryshina et al. 1965 modified by N. I. Bobrovskaya 1971. Observations and analyses were carried out once a month from May to September in the regrowth, budding and flowering phases. The value of the sublethal water deficit was clarified (28.4 %). During the growing season, the varieties did not experience irreversible moisture deficit in the tissues. Chrysanthemum varieties under identical soil-climatic and agrotechnical conditions had the following range of indicators of total water content and water-holding capacity – 70.0‒90.4 % and 19.00‒64.6 %, respectively. It indicates a considerable degree of adaptation. Analysis of variance revealed that varietal differentiation significantly affects the indicators of the water regime; the share of influence varied from 21.17 to 31.72 %. Direct dependence of the indicators of the content of ‘mobile’ moisture on the total water content (y = 0.74x – 21.377) was revealed, as well as the inverse one ‒ the indicators of the content of ‘mobile’ moisture and water-holding capacity (y = 0.74x – 21.377). According to the scale developed by Denisova S. G. and Reut A. A. (2020), four highly drought-tolerant varieties ‘Volny Agideli’, ‘Regina’, ‘Sakmara’, ‘Bardo’ were identified.
在引种研究中，迫切需要确定在确定的环境条件下，所研究物种的水平衡有多有利。该研究的目的是仔细检查菊花(Chrysanthemum x hortorum Bailey)的水分状况，并选择抗旱品种来补充巴什科尔托斯坦共和国灰色森林(Haplic Greyzems)壤土上用于花卉栽培的植物范围。这些研究是在2018-2020年进行的。灌溉频率-每周两次。每次浇水后，进行土壤松动。在取样分析前一周，我们停止给花浇水。根据人工萎蔫法(V. N. Tarenkov et al. 1990)和植物样品饱和度法(V. P. Moiseev et al. 2009)对水分状况指标进行分析。亚致死水分亏缺由T. K. Goryshina等人1965年的方法测定，经N. I. Bobrovskaya 1971年修正。在5 ~ 9月的再生、出芽和开花期每月进行一次观察和分析。亚致死水分亏缺值得到澄清(28.4%)。在生长季节，这些品种在组织中没有经历不可逆的水分亏缺。相同土壤气候和农业技术条件下，菊花品种总含水量和持水量指标范围分别为70.0% ~ 90.4%和19.00 ~ 64.6%。这表明了相当程度的适应。方差分析表明，品种分化对水分状况指标有显著影响;影响力份额从21.17%到31.72%不等。结果表明，流动水分含量指标与总含水量呈直接关系(y = 0.74x ~ 21.377)，流动水分含量指标与持水量指标呈反比关系(y = 0.74x ~ 21.377)。根据Denisova s.g.和Reut a.a.(2020)开发的尺度，确定了四个高度耐旱的品种“Volny Agideli”，“Regina”，“Sakmara”，“Bardo”。
{"title":"Water regime parameters in Chrysanthemum","authors":"S. Denisova, A. Reut","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2021-2-26-74-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2021-2-26-74-88","url":null,"abstract":"In introduction studies, it is urgent to determine how favorable the water balance of the species studied is under defined environmental conditions. The research aimed to scrutinize the water regime of Chrysanthemum × hortorum Bailey and select drought-resistant varieties to replenish the range of plants used for floriculture in the Republic of Bashkortostan on grey forest (Haplic Greyzems) loamy soil. The studies were conducted in 2018‒2020. Irrigation frequency – twice a week. After each watering, soil loosening was carried out. One week before sampling for analysis, we stopped watering flowers. Water regime indicators were analyzed according to the method of artificial wilting (V. N. Tarenkov et al. 1990) and methodology of saturation of plant samples (V. P. Moiseev et al. 2009). Sublethal water deficit was determined by the method of T. K. Goryshina et al. 1965 modified by N. I. Bobrovskaya 1971. Observations and analyses were carried out once a month from May to September in the regrowth, budding and flowering phases. The value of the sublethal water deficit was clarified (28.4 %). During the growing season, the varieties did not experience irreversible moisture deficit in the tissues. Chrysanthemum varieties under identical soil-climatic and agrotechnical conditions had the following range of indicators of total water content and water-holding capacity – 70.0‒90.4 % and 19.00‒64.6 %, respectively. It indicates a considerable degree of adaptation. Analysis of variance revealed that varietal differentiation significantly affects the indicators of the water regime; the share of influence varied from 21.17 to 31.72 %. Direct dependence of the indicators of the content of ‘mobile’ moisture on the total water content (y = 0.74x – 21.377) was revealed, as well as the inverse one ‒ the indicators of the content of ‘mobile’ moisture and water-holding capacity (y = 0.74x – 21.377). According to the scale developed by Denisova S. G. and Reut A. A. (2020), four highly drought-tolerant varieties ‘Volny Agideli’, ‘Regina’, ‘Sakmara’, ‘Bardo’ were identified.","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76943860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-86-95
A. Ratnikov, A. Suslov, D. Sviridenko, N. H. Ivankin, K. V. Petrov, V. Yatsenko, Agricultural Cooperative “Rostok”
{"title":"EFFECT OF NEW ORGANIC AND MINERAL PREPARATION ‘GUMITON’ ON PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT","authors":"A. Ratnikov, A. Suslov, D. Sviridenko, N. H. Ivankin, K. V. Petrov, V. Yatsenko, Agricultural Cooperative “Rostok”","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-86-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-86-95","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75186536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-123-132
L. Chaikovskaya, M. Baranskaya, O. Ovsienko, N. Klimenko
{"title":"EFFECT OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS ON THE ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF HEAVY METALS","authors":"L. Chaikovskaya, M. Baranskaya, O. Ovsienko, N. Klimenko","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-123-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-123-132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85215606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-96-110
O. Ryabova
{"title":"PGPR-PROPERTIES OF THE RHIZOSPHERE ISOLATE STREPTOMYCES SP. A-4","authors":"O. Ryabova","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-96-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-96-110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81024573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-46-53
D. S. Izmailova
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON THE YIELD OF WINTER DURUM WHEAT IN THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA","authors":"D. S. Izmailova","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-46-53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87593372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-63-69
G. Krivosheev, A. Ignatiev, N. Shevchenko
{"title":"PRODUCTIVITY, FORAGE VALUE AND BIOENERGETIC EFFICIENCY OF MAIZE HYBRIDS CULTIVATION FOR GREEN FODDER AND SILAGE","authors":"G. Krivosheev, A. Ignatiev, N. Shevchenko","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-63-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-63-69","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79317764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-70-78
D. Marchenko, M. Ivanisov, I. A. Rybas, E. Nekrasov, E. Ionova, T. A. Grichanikova, I. V. Romanyukina, T. Derova
{"title":"‘LIDIYA’ – THE UNIVERSAL WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETY","authors":"D. Marchenko, M. Ivanisov, I. A. Rybas, E. Nekrasov, E. Ionova, T. A. Grichanikova, I. V. Romanyukina, T. Derova","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-70-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-70-78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85011335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-133-143
A. Cherkashyna, E. Sotchenko
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF PLANTING DATES AND PLANT DENSITY ON YIELD AND MOISTURE CONTENT OF THE KERNEL OF MAIZE AT THE HARVEST TIME UNDER NON-IRRIGATED CONDITIONS IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE CRIMEA","authors":"A. Cherkashyna, E. Sotchenko","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-133-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-133-143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84337751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-01DOI: 10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-28-45
I. Dunaieva, D. Plotnikov, S. Khvostikov, E. Elkina, E. Barbotkina, V. Vecherkov, S. Bartalev
{"title":"USE OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR EARLY DIAGNOSTICS OF THE DRY CONDITIONS ACTION","authors":"I. Dunaieva, D. Plotnikov, S. Khvostikov, E. Elkina, E. Barbotkina, V. Vecherkov, S. Bartalev","doi":"10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-28-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2019-4-20-28-45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22344,"journal":{"name":"TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82131859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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