Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.01.003
S. Honcharov
The aim of the research was to model the experimental infection in laboratory rats with the larvae of the nematodes Eustrongylides excisus and documenting the macroscopic changes in organs and tissues of the animals. With a purpose of creating the best conditions for the nematodes larvae’s survival the animals were divided into 4 groups. The first group included intact animals. The rats of groups II and III were orally given the 1 % chlorine hydride solution in the amount of 0.5 and 1 ml respectively. Group IV was a control. The rate of the larvae survival in groups I, II and III counted, respectively, 18, 38 and 52 % of the general amount of the larvae put into the organisms of the rats. Among the invaded rats next chang es of the clinical conditions were noticed: general weakness, absence of appetite, pain and tension in the abdominal wall etc. After euthanasia and followed autopsy the symptoms of se rofibrous (20 % of the invaded animals) and fibrinopurulent (66.6 %) peritonitis were noticed. It also showed the signs of the enteral failure syndrome (73.3 %) and the abdominal layers adhesion (86.6 %). Microabscesses under the liver capsule were noticed as well, in 26.6 % of the experimentally infected rats. Pathological changes in the thoracic cavity organs, in part in the heart (pericard and heart sac hemorrhages) and in the lungs (congestive hyperemia and pulmonary edema) have been found in 60 % cases, and in kidneys in 73.3 % cases. Symptoms of catarrhal and hemorrhagic gastritis were observed. The positive correlative connection between the parasitic survival percentage in the organisms of rats and the depth and difficulty of the pathological process was determined.
{"title":"Pathological anatomic changes among laboratory rats in case of experimental infection with the larvae of the nematode Eustrongylides excisus (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae)","authors":"S. Honcharov","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to model the experimental infection in laboratory rats with the larvae of the nematodes Eustrongylides excisus and documenting the macroscopic changes in organs and tissues of the animals. With a purpose of creating the best conditions for the nematodes larvae’s survival the animals were divided into 4 groups. The first group included intact animals. The rats of groups II and III were orally given the 1 % chlorine hydride solution in the amount of 0.5 and 1 ml respectively. Group IV was a control. The rate of the larvae survival in groups I, II and III counted, respectively, 18, 38 and 52 % of the general amount of the larvae put into the organisms of the rats. Among the invaded rats next chang es of the clinical conditions were noticed: general weakness, absence of appetite, pain and tension in the abdominal wall etc. After euthanasia and followed autopsy the symptoms of se rofibrous (20 % of the invaded animals) and fibrinopurulent (66.6 %) peritonitis were noticed. It also showed the signs of the enteral failure syndrome (73.3 %) and the abdominal layers adhesion (86.6 %). Microabscesses under the liver capsule were noticed as well, in 26.6 % of the experimentally infected rats. Pathological changes in the thoracic cavity organs, in part in the heart (pericard and heart sac hemorrhages) and in the lungs (congestive hyperemia and pulmonary edema) have been found in 60 % cases, and in kidneys in 73.3 % cases. Symptoms of catarrhal and hemorrhagic gastritis were observed. The positive correlative connection between the parasitic survival percentage in the organisms of rats and the depth and difficulty of the pathological process was determined.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90857613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.01.026
O. Zelenina, D. Ostapiv, V. Vlizlo, I. Dron, S. I. Vinnytska
The influence of antibiotic enrofloxacin and PEG-400 polymer complex on hemoglobin content, red and white blood cell count, and blood leukogram state of apparently healthy rats has been studied. The enrofloxacin contains reactive carboxyl groups in the molecule on the 7 th day of the experiment.
{"title":"Hematological indices of rats after administration of enrofloxacin as a subunit of polymer","authors":"O. Zelenina, D. Ostapiv, V. Vlizlo, I. Dron, S. I. Vinnytska","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.01.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.01.026","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of antibiotic enrofloxacin and PEG-400 polymer complex on hemoglobin content, red and white blood cell count, and blood leukogram state of apparently healthy rats has been studied. The enrofloxacin contains reactive carboxyl groups in the molecule on the 7 th day of the experiment.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89425486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol21.04.022
S. Honcharov
The article presents the result of the research of predatory fishes — sander (Sander lucioperca Linnaeus, 1758), perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758) and pike (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758) in the waters of the Dnipro-Buh estuary and in the delta of the Dnipro river. The possible associations of eustrongylidosis with other types of parasitic invasions of fishes have been established. It has been revealed up that the researched fish has been invaded mostly by such agents of parasitic diseases as digenetic trematodes and nematodes — 35.6 % and 31.8 % respectively. The least common group of parasites affecting commercial fishes was acanthocephalides — 0.71 %. The invasion of perches by the diplostomosis agents was noticed. The invasion extensiveness (IE) counted 50.7 %, and the invasion intensiveness (II) counted 2–41 samples. Other parasitic diseases affecting perches were paracoenogonymonosis (ІE — 15.3 %, ІІ — 7–31 samples); post diplostomosis (ІE — 9.97 %, ІІ — 87–118 metacecaria); dactylogyrosis (ІE — 37.2 %, ІІ — 5–14 samples); lavral trienophorosis (ІE — 1.66 %, ІІ — 2–5 cysts); eustrongylidosis (ІE ІІ — 1–3 samples);argulosis (ІE — 12 %, ІІ — 6–18 samples); ergazylosis (ЕІ — 6.02 %, ІІ — 11–26 maxillopods); The parasitic fauna of pikes is characterized by the agents of diplopstomosis (ІE — 62 %, ІІ — 3–17 larvae); paracoegonimosis (ІE — 42.7 %, ІІ — 1–38 metacecaria); postodiplostomosis (ІE — 10.7 %, ІІ — 23–51 sam-ples); dactylogyrosis (ІE — 17.8 %, ІІ — 2–15 samples); diplozoonosis (ІE — 0.67 %, ІІ — 1 sample); trienophorosis (ІE — 56.5 %, ІІ — 1–9 samples); valiporosis (ІE — 24.9 %, ІІ — 1–11 plerocercoids); eustrongylidosis (ІE — 58.9 %, ІІ — 1–13 larvae); rafidoscarosis (ІE — 76.4 %, ІІ — 8–31 nematodes); pseudoekhinorinchosis (ІE — 2.02 %, ІІ — 2–9 acanthocephala); argulosis (ІE — 28.2 %, ІІ — 2–63 parasites). The parasitic invasions of slander were also registered: for example, with diplopstomosis (ІE — 52.7 %, ІІ — 1–13 parasites); paracoenogonymonosis (ІE — 15.3 %, ІІ — 1–17 metacecaria); postodiplostomosis (ІE — 8.8 %, ІІ — 5–84 larvae); dactylogyrosis (ІE — 31 %, ІІ — 2–23 samples); valiporosis (ІE — 5.9 %, ІІ — 1–2 plerocercoids); eustrongylidosis (ІE — 58.1 %, ІІ — 1–9 samples); rafidoscarosis (ІE — 18.2 %, ІІ — 5–8 nematodes); pseudo-ekhinorinchosis (ІE — 0.49 %, ІІ — 2 acanthocephala); ergazylosis (IE — 47.2 %, ІІ — 7–28 maxillopods).
本文介绍了第聂伯河河口和第聂伯河三角洲食肉鱼类——沙鲈(sander lucioperca Linnaeus, 1758)、鲈鱼(Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758)和梭子鱼(Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758)的研究结果。全圆线虫病可能与其他类型的鱼类寄生入侵有关。研究表明，鱼类主要受到遗传吸虫和线虫等寄生虫病病原的侵害，分别占35.6%和31.8%。影响商业鱼类的寄生虫中最不常见的是棘头虫，占0.71%。注意到寄生菌对栖木的侵袭。侵袭广泛性(IE)占50.7%，侵袭强度(II)占2 ~ 41例。影响栖木的其他寄生虫病为副喙单胞虫病(ІE - 15.3%， ІІ - 7-31份);后双口病(ІE - 9.97%， ІІ - 87-118);dactygyrosis (ІE - 37.2%， ІІ - 5-14个样本);三鼻虫病(ІE - 1.66%， ІІ - 2-5个囊肿);真圆线虫病(ІE ІІ - 1-3个样本);争论病(ІE - 12%， ІІ - 6-18个样本);蛲虫病(ЕІ - 6.02%， ІІ - 11-26);寄生区系以双口寄生为主(ІE - 62%， ІІ - 3-17幼虫);副绦虫病(ІE - 42.7%， ІІ - 1-38);双口后畸形(ІE - 10.7%， ІІ - 23-51例);dactygyrosis (ІE - 17.8%， ІІ - 2-15个样本);二plozoonosis (ІE - 0.67%， ІІ - 1份);三线虫病(ІE - 56.5%， ІІ - 1-9个样本);骨质疏松症(ІE - 24.9%， ІІ - 1-11);全圆线虫病(ІE - 58.9%， ІІ - 1-13只幼虫);rafidoscarosis (ІE - 76.4%， ІІ - 8-31线虫);假棘头虫病(ІE - 2.02%， ІІ - 2-9棘头虫);争论病(ІE - 28.2%， ІІ - 2-63寄生虫)。诽谤的寄生入侵也被记录下来:例如，双口病(ІE - 52.7%， ІІ - 1-13寄生虫);性腺单胞菌病(ІE - 15.3%， ІІ - 1-17);双口后病(ІE - 8.8%， ІІ - 5-84只幼虫);dactygyrosis (ІE - 31%， ІІ - 2-23个样本);骨质疏松症(ІE - 5.9%， ІІ - 1-2倍倍);全圆线虫病(ІE - 58.1%， ІІ - 1-9个样本);rafidoscarosis (ІE - 18.2%， ІІ - 5-8个线虫);伪棘鼻病(ІE - 0.49%， ІІ - 2棘头);棘球菌病(IE - 47.2%， ІІ - 7-28)。
{"title":"The association of eustrongylidosis with other types of parasitic invasions of the predatory fishes in the natural waters of Southern Ukraine","authors":"S. Honcharov","doi":"10.15407/animbiol21.04.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol21.04.022","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the result of the research of predatory fishes — sander (Sander lucioperca Linnaeus, 1758), perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758) and pike (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758) in the waters of the Dnipro-Buh estuary and in the delta of the Dnipro river. The possible associations of eustrongylidosis with other types of parasitic invasions of fishes have been established. It has been revealed up that the researched fish has been invaded mostly by such agents of parasitic diseases as digenetic trematodes and nematodes — 35.6 % and 31.8 % respectively. The least common group of parasites affecting commercial fishes was acanthocephalides — 0.71 %. The invasion of perches by the diplostomosis agents was noticed. The invasion extensiveness (IE) counted 50.7 %, and the invasion intensiveness (II) counted 2–41 samples. Other parasitic diseases affecting perches were paracoenogonymonosis (ІE — 15.3 %, ІІ — 7–31 samples); post diplostomosis (ІE — 9.97 %, ІІ — 87–118 metacecaria); dactylogyrosis (ІE — 37.2 %, ІІ — 5–14 samples); lavral trienophorosis (ІE — 1.66 %, ІІ — 2–5 cysts); eustrongylidosis (ІE ІІ — 1–3 samples);argulosis (ІE — 12 %, ІІ — 6–18 samples); ergazylosis (ЕІ — 6.02 %, ІІ — 11–26 maxillopods); The parasitic fauna of pikes is characterized by the agents of diplopstomosis (ІE — 62 %, ІІ — 3–17 larvae); paracoegonimosis (ІE — 42.7 %, ІІ — 1–38 metacecaria); postodiplostomosis (ІE — 10.7 %, ІІ — 23–51 sam-ples); dactylogyrosis (ІE — 17.8 %, ІІ — 2–15 samples); diplozoonosis (ІE — 0.67 %, ІІ — 1 sample); trienophorosis (ІE — 56.5 %, ІІ — 1–9 samples); valiporosis (ІE — 24.9 %, ІІ — 1–11 plerocercoids); eustrongylidosis (ІE — 58.9 %, ІІ — 1–13 larvae); rafidoscarosis (ІE — 76.4 %, ІІ — 8–31 nematodes); pseudoekhinorinchosis (ІE — 2.02 %, ІІ — 2–9 acanthocephala); argulosis (ІE — 28.2 %, ІІ — 2–63 parasites). The parasitic invasions of slander were also registered: for example, with diplopstomosis (ІE — 52.7 %, ІІ — 1–13 parasites); paracoenogonymonosis (ІE — 15.3 %, ІІ — 1–17 metacecaria); postodiplostomosis (ІE — 8.8 %, ІІ — 5–84 larvae); dactylogyrosis (ІE — 31 %, ІІ — 2–23 samples); valiporosis (ІE — 5.9 %, ІІ — 1–2 plerocercoids); eustrongylidosis (ІE — 58.1 %, ІІ — 1–9 samples); rafidoscarosis (ІE — 18.2 %, ІІ — 5–8 nematodes); pseudo-ekhinorinchosis (ІE — 0.49 %, ІІ — 2 acanthocephala); ergazylosis (IE — 47.2 %, ІІ — 7–28 maxillopods).","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86170259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol21.04.009
S. Buriachenko, B. Stegniy
The epizootic situation of avian influenza in birds and humans in Ukraine, caused by subtypes A H1N1 and H7N9 is being reviewed. A comparative analysis of the existing methods for diagnosing avian influenza in birds and humans and their suitability is shown, and the variability of avian influenza genetic markers in birds and humans is determined. An epizootic situation on the prevalence of avian influenza in the world and Ukraine is presented, vari ous methods for diagnosing avian influenza virus in comparison are analyzed, the variability of genetic markers of avian influenza in the two subtypes is analyzed. It is shown that the natural reservoir of the virus and the cause of the spread of the epizootic are migratory waterfowl, which, due to their natural resistance, are the least susceptible to infection and can travel long distances during migration. According to the literature, some strains of the avian in fluenza virus, in particular H1N1 and H7N9, are unsafe for humans and often lead to death. Research data obtained from diagnostic or biological material must be confirmed by the specificity of the method and not only molecular — biological to establish their reliability. There is a need to quickly obtain research results. For successful measures that will lead to a reduction in mortality and reduce the risk of spreading the infection, it is necessary to conduct regular monitoring of the foci of infection, epidemics, as well as its timely diagnosis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is accepted in many laboratories around the world, is of great practical importance for the diagnosis of avian influenza and other infectious diseases. However, this method requires the use of expensive equipment and consumables and for many laboratories it is an expensive and not a cost-effective method.
{"title":"The research of epizootic situation of avian influenza H1N1 and H7N9 in subtypes variability on the territory of Ukraine","authors":"S. Buriachenko, B. Stegniy","doi":"10.15407/animbiol21.04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol21.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"The epizootic situation of avian influenza in birds and humans in Ukraine, caused by subtypes A H1N1 and H7N9 is being reviewed. A comparative analysis of the existing methods for diagnosing avian influenza in birds and humans and their suitability is shown, and the variability of avian influenza genetic markers in birds and humans is determined. An epizootic situation on the prevalence of avian influenza in the world and Ukraine is presented, vari ous methods for diagnosing avian influenza virus in comparison are analyzed, the variability of genetic markers of avian influenza in the two subtypes is analyzed. It is shown that the natural reservoir of the virus and the cause of the spread of the epizootic are migratory waterfowl, which, due to their natural resistance, are the least susceptible to infection and can travel long distances during migration. According to the literature, some strains of the avian in fluenza virus, in particular H1N1 and H7N9, are unsafe for humans and often lead to death. Research data obtained from diagnostic or biological material must be confirmed by the specificity of the method and not only molecular — biological to establish their reliability. There is a need to quickly obtain research results. For successful measures that will lead to a reduction in mortality and reduce the risk of spreading the infection, it is necessary to conduct regular monitoring of the foci of infection, epidemics, as well as its timely diagnosis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is accepted in many laboratories around the world, is of great practical importance for the diagnosis of avian influenza and other infectious diseases. However, this method requires the use of expensive equipment and consumables and for many laboratories it is an expensive and not a cost-effective method.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89708467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol21.04.038
B. Kotyk, R. Iskra, O. Sushko, O. Slivinska, G. Klymets, O. Buchko, A. Pylypets, V. I. Pryimych
physiological solution daily for 7 days. Rats of groups VI and VII were intragastrically administered with ethylthio sulfanylate oily solution at a rate of 100 mg/kg of body weight daily for 14 days, than animals were intraperitoneally injected K 2 Cr 2 O 7 in a dose of 2,5 mg Cr(VI)/kg body weight daily for 7 (group VI) and 14 days (group VII). After the decapitation of the animals during thiopental anaesthesia, a blood samples were taken. It has been found that the introduction of bichromate of potassium in the blood of rats in groups III and IV shows an increase in the content of oxidative stress. Preliminary intragastric administration of ethylthiosulfanylate partially reduced the level of growth of hydroperoxides of lipids and thiobarbituric acid TBAactive products caused by the action of Cr(VI) in groups VI and VII and did not affect the level of carbonyl groups of proteins products, in particular lipid hydroperoxides, thiobarbituric acid (TBAactive products and carbonyl groups of proteins. The work of the glutathione link of an tioxidant protection under the influence of Cr(VI) was partially activated in group III, but suppressed in group IV. Ethylthiosulfanylate separately (group V) and in combination with Cr(VI) (groups VІ and VІІ) caused activation of glutathione reductase and increased GSN concentration in erythrocytes of rats compared with group ІІ. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activity of rat erythrocytes were increased by the action of Cr(VI) in groups III and IV in comparison with group I. However, with the effect of ethylthiosulfanylate in Cr(VI) complex, superoxide dismutase activity was increased in VII and catalase activity in VI and VII groups decreased, compared to group II.
生理溶液，每天7天。六、七组大鼠按100 mg/kg体重每日灌胃磺酸乙硫酯油溶液，连续14 d;六组大鼠按2.5 mg Cr(VI)/kg体重每日腹腔注射k2cr2o7，连续7 d (VI组)和14 d (VII组)。硫喷妥钠麻醉下断头后采血。研究发现，在第三组和第四组大鼠血液中引入重铬酸钾后，氧化应激含量增加。初步灌胃乙基硫代磺胺酸酯可部分降低第六组和第七组由Cr(VI)作用引起的脂质氢过氧化物和硫代巴比妥酸tba活性产物的生长水平，但不影响蛋白质产物羰基水平，特别是脂质氢过氧化物、硫代巴比妥酸tba活性产物和蛋白质羰基水平。在Cr(VI)的影响下，谷胱甘肽氧化保护环节的作用在III组被部分激活，而在IV组被抑制。与ІІ组相比，乙基硫代磺酸盐单独(V组)和与Cr(VI)联合(VІ和VІІ组)引起大鼠谷胱甘肽还原酶的激活和红细胞中GSN浓度的增加。与ⅰ组相比，ⅲ组和ⅳ组大鼠红细胞超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性均因Cr(VI)的作用而升高，但随着Cr(VI)复合物中巯基硫磺酸盐的作用，与ⅱ组相比，ⅶ组超氧化物歧化酶活性升高，ⅵ组和ⅶ组过氧化氢酶活性降低。
{"title":"Effect of ethylthiosulfаnylate and Chrome(VI) on the pro/antioxidant system in rats blood","authors":"B. Kotyk, R. Iskra, O. Sushko, O. Slivinska, G. Klymets, O. Buchko, A. Pylypets, V. I. Pryimych","doi":"10.15407/animbiol21.04.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol21.04.038","url":null,"abstract":"physiological solution daily for 7 days. Rats of groups VI and VII were intragastrically administered with ethylthio sulfanylate oily solution at a rate of 100 mg/kg of body weight daily for 14 days, than animals were intraperitoneally injected K 2 Cr 2 O 7 in a dose of 2,5 mg Cr(VI)/kg body weight daily for 7 (group VI) and 14 days (group VII). After the decapitation of the animals during thiopental anaesthesia, a blood samples were taken. It has been found that the introduction of bichromate of potassium in the blood of rats in groups III and IV shows an increase in the content of oxidative stress. Preliminary intragastric administration of ethylthiosulfanylate partially reduced the level of growth of hydroperoxides of lipids and thiobarbituric acid TBAactive products caused by the action of Cr(VI) in groups VI and VII and did not affect the level of carbonyl groups of proteins products, in particular lipid hydroperoxides, thiobarbituric acid (TBAactive products and carbonyl groups of proteins. The work of the glutathione link of an tioxidant protection under the influence of Cr(VI) was partially activated in group III, but suppressed in group IV. Ethylthiosulfanylate separately (group V) and in combination with Cr(VI) (groups VІ and VІІ) caused activation of glutathione reductase and increased GSN concentration in erythrocytes of rats compared with group ІІ. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activity of rat erythrocytes were increased by the action of Cr(VI) in groups III and IV in comparison with group I. However, with the effect of ethylthiosulfanylate in Cr(VI) complex, superoxide dismutase activity was increased in VII and catalase activity in VI and VII groups decreased, compared to group II.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86154064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol21.04.071
P. Mudroň
Tetracycline is widely used in the treatment of the foot rot in ruminants. It chelates with Ca 2+ ions causing a depression of levels of ionised calcium. The objective of the study was to assess effects of tetracycline admin istration on serum calcium concentrations and the frequency of ruminal contractions. Rumen contractions were monitored by auscultation in 23 sheep prior to administration of oxytetracycline and recorded every 12 hours for 84 hours after intramuscular injection of the antibiotic. Blood for calcium analyses was collected by venepunc-ture of the jugular vein before and 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after administration of oxytetracycline. The serum calcium concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the time effect of tetracycline treatment on the rumen contractions and serum calcium con -centrations. There was a significant decrease (P<0.01) in ruminal contractions following application of oxytetracycline, with a maximum decrease at 24 hours following oxytetracycline application and a return to the initial rumen contraction frequency by 60–72 hours following oxytetracycline application. The oxytetracycline administration resulted in serum calcium decrease from 2.42 mmol/l to 2.26 mmol/l 24 hours after the administration (P<0.01). In conclusion, as found in our study the administration of tetracycline in sheep can be associated with a decline in ruminal motility potentially causing production losses, particularly in lactating ewes.
{"title":"Effects of tetracycline injection on blood calcium and ruminal activity in sheep","authors":"P. Mudroň","doi":"10.15407/animbiol21.04.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol21.04.071","url":null,"abstract":"Tetracycline is widely used in the treatment of the foot rot in ruminants. It chelates with Ca 2+ ions causing a depression of levels of ionised calcium. The objective of the study was to assess effects of tetracycline admin istration on serum calcium concentrations and the frequency of ruminal contractions. Rumen contractions were monitored by auscultation in 23 sheep prior to administration of oxytetracycline and recorded every 12 hours for 84 hours after intramuscular injection of the antibiotic. Blood for calcium analyses was collected by venepunc-ture of the jugular vein before and 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after administration of oxytetracycline. The serum calcium concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the time effect of tetracycline treatment on the rumen contractions and serum calcium con -centrations. There was a significant decrease (P<0.01) in ruminal contractions following application of oxytetracycline, with a maximum decrease at 24 hours following oxytetracycline application and a return to the initial rumen contraction frequency by 60–72 hours following oxytetracycline application. The oxytetracycline administration resulted in serum calcium decrease from 2.42 mmol/l to 2.26 mmol/l 24 hours after the administration (P<0.01). In conclusion, as found in our study the administration of tetracycline in sheep can be associated with a decline in ruminal motility potentially causing production losses, particularly in lactating ewes.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74825846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol21.04.018
A. Vovkohon, Bila Tserkva Ukraine Soborna sq.
., The search for new and improvement of approved carriers for biotechnological methods and processes of immobilized enzymes and microorganisms’ cells is quite actual. The mostly applied are those carriers which are widely available and not expensive. Also, the carriers used in the food industry should be non-toxic and me-tabolized or quickly excreted from the organism. The physical and chemical properties of pectin as a food additive allow using it as natural carrier. However, to increase the sorption properties of pectin, at the Research Institute of food technologies and technologies of animal products processing of Bila Tserkva national agrarian university a technology of its modification has been developed. The harmlessness indexes of pectin were studied on white mice. After the experiment on the harmlessness ended, some carbohydrate metabolism indexes were defined for the mice body under the action of different doses of modified pectin. Three groups of experimental animals with body weight 19–20 g were created containing 5 animals in each group. The studies on the content of glucose, pyruvic and lactic acids were conducted in the blood serum. The glycogen content was studied in the liver of linear mice. The feeding, maintenance and keeping of mice during experiment were carried out according to the modern bioethics require-ments. It has been found out that at the end of experiment (the day 11 after the intragastric infusion of 0.3 cm 3 5.0 % modified pectin suspension), there were no changes as to the glucose, pyruvic and lactic acids in the blood serum and glycogen in liver compared to the animals infused by the physiological solution. The was no probable increase of glucose, pyruvic and lactic acids in the blood serum and glycogen in the liver of mice infused by 0.3 cm 3 10.0 % of modified pectin suspension compared to the animals of control group. Thus, there was identified no violation of carbohydrate metabolism in the mice bodies after one-time infusion of 0.3 cm 3 5.0 % and 10.0 % modified pectin suspension, indicating that there is no toxic effect of the test substance on the body of white mice.
为固定化酶和微生物细胞的生物技术方法和工艺寻找新的和改进已批准的载体是非常现实的。应用最多的是那些易于获得且不昂贵的载体。此外，食品工业中使用的载体应该是无毒的，可以被分解或迅速从生物体中排出。果胶作为食品添加剂的物理和化学性质允许它作为天然载体使用。然而，为了提高果胶的吸附性能，Bila Tserkva国立农业大学食品技术和动物产品加工技术研究所开发了一种果胶改性技术。研究了果胶对小白鼠的无害性指标。无害实验结束后，测定不同剂量改性果胶作用下小鼠体内碳水化合物代谢指标。将体重19 ~ 20 g的实验动物分为3组，每组5只。测定了大鼠血清中葡萄糖、丙酮酸和乳酸的含量。研究了线性小鼠肝脏糖原含量。实验期间小鼠的饲养、保养和饲养均按现代生物伦理学要求进行。实验结束时(灌胃0.3 cm 3 5.0 %改性果胶悬浮液后第11天)，与灌胃生理溶液的动物相比，血清中的葡萄糖、丙酮、乳酸和肝脏中的糖原均无变化。与对照组相比，0.3 cm ~ 10.0%改性果胶悬浮液灌胃小鼠血清中葡萄糖、丙酮酸、乳酸和肝脏中糖原均未见明显升高。由此可见，一次性输注0.3 cm 3 5.0%和10.0%改性果胶悬浮液后，小鼠体内没有碳水化合物代谢的变化，说明试验物质对小白鼠机体没有毒性作用。
{"title":"Some indexes of carbohydrate metabolism in mice under action of modified pectin","authors":"A. Vovkohon, Bila Tserkva Ukraine Soborna sq.","doi":"10.15407/animbiol21.04.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol21.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"., The search for new and improvement of approved carriers for biotechnological methods and processes of immobilized enzymes and microorganisms’ cells is quite actual. The mostly applied are those carriers which are widely available and not expensive. Also, the carriers used in the food industry should be non-toxic and me-tabolized or quickly excreted from the organism. The physical and chemical properties of pectin as a food additive allow using it as natural carrier. However, to increase the sorption properties of pectin, at the Research Institute of food technologies and technologies of animal products processing of Bila Tserkva national agrarian university a technology of its modification has been developed. The harmlessness indexes of pectin were studied on white mice. After the experiment on the harmlessness ended, some carbohydrate metabolism indexes were defined for the mice body under the action of different doses of modified pectin. Three groups of experimental animals with body weight 19–20 g were created containing 5 animals in each group. The studies on the content of glucose, pyruvic and lactic acids were conducted in the blood serum. The glycogen content was studied in the liver of linear mice. The feeding, maintenance and keeping of mice during experiment were carried out according to the modern bioethics require-ments. It has been found out that at the end of experiment (the day 11 after the intragastric infusion of 0.3 cm 3 5.0 % modified pectin suspension), there were no changes as to the glucose, pyruvic and lactic acids in the blood serum and glycogen in liver compared to the animals infused by the physiological solution. The was no probable increase of glucose, pyruvic and lactic acids in the blood serum and glycogen in the liver of mice infused by 0.3 cm 3 10.0 % of modified pectin suspension compared to the animals of control group. Thus, there was identified no violation of carbohydrate metabolism in the mice bodies after one-time infusion of 0.3 cm 3 5.0 % and 10.0 % modified pectin suspension, indicating that there is no toxic effect of the test substance on the body of white mice.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"86 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86488789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol21.04.075
T. Suprovych, O. Vishchur, M. Suprovych, V. Chepurna
A significant genetic correlation between the indicator of the somatic milk cells amount (SCC) and intrama mmary infection has been established, making it possible to use it in breeding programs for reducing of mastitis in cows. Various studies demonstrated that resistance (susceptibility) to mastitis is genetically predetermined. Among the genes associated with diseases, special attention is paid to exon 2 of the gene BoLA-DRB3, which is quite polymor -phic. The aim of the study was to identify associations between alleles of the gene BoLA-DRB3 and SCC among cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed (N = 92). The RFLP-PCR method revealed 31 BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles. The relative risk index and the χ 2 test were used to establish a link between the allele frequencies and the SCC. Two alleles with strong association with low level of SCC (CI = 0.95): BoLA-DRB3.2*22 (P(A) = 0 . 06; RR = – 3 . 43; χ 2 = 3 . 84) and BoLA-DRB3.2*28 (P(A) = 0 . 076; RR = -4 . 14; χ 2 = 6 . 17)were revealed,. An additional check using the precise Fisher’s exact test controlled by Pearson’s contingency coefficient showed that only allele BoLA-DRB 3.2*28 can be used as a marker in connection with low SCC in cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. The allele *28 as a SCC marker was revealed for the first time. Analysis of previous studies shows discrepancies between the results that link different BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles with SCC, obtained for different breeds and even within the same breed. In future, it is necessary to expand the research by increasing the research sample and determine the associations between the number of somatic cells not only in connection with allelic polymorphism, but also in connection with the genotypes of the BoLA-DRB3 gene. Interstitial application of the new antibacterial liposomal preparation has led to a decrease in the number of somatic cell cultures in the afflicted animals with subclinical mastitis of cows.
{"title":"Relationship between alleles of gene BoLA-DRB3 and somatic cells amount in milk of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed","authors":"T. Suprovych, O. Vishchur, M. Suprovych, V. Chepurna","doi":"10.15407/animbiol21.04.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol21.04.075","url":null,"abstract":"A significant genetic correlation between the indicator of the somatic milk cells amount (SCC) and intrama mmary infection has been established, making it possible to use it in breeding programs for reducing of mastitis in cows. Various studies demonstrated that resistance (susceptibility) to mastitis is genetically predetermined. Among the genes associated with diseases, special attention is paid to exon 2 of the gene BoLA-DRB3, which is quite polymor -phic. The aim of the study was to identify associations between alleles of the gene BoLA-DRB3 and SCC among cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed (N = 92). The RFLP-PCR method revealed 31 BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles. The relative risk index and the χ 2 test were used to establish a link between the allele frequencies and the SCC. Two alleles with strong association with low level of SCC (CI = 0.95): BoLA-DRB3.2*22 (P(A) = 0 . 06; RR = – 3 . 43; χ 2 = 3 . 84) and BoLA-DRB3.2*28 (P(A) = 0 . 076; RR = -4 . 14; χ 2 = 6 . 17)were revealed,. An additional check using the precise Fisher’s exact test controlled by Pearson’s contingency coefficient showed that only allele BoLA-DRB 3.2*28 can be used as a marker in connection with low SCC in cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. The allele *28 as a SCC marker was revealed for the first time. Analysis of previous studies shows discrepancies between the results that link different BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles with SCC, obtained for different breeds and even within the same breed. In future, it is necessary to expand the research by increasing the research sample and determine the associations between the number of somatic cells not only in connection with allelic polymorphism, but also in connection with the genotypes of the BoLA-DRB3 gene. Interstitial application of the new antibacterial liposomal preparation has led to a decrease in the number of somatic cell cultures in the afflicted animals with subclinical mastitis of cows.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82368945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol21.04.031
A. I. Ivanitskaya, Y. Lesyk, H. Denys
The article presents the effect of drinking rabbits from 52 to 110 days of life silicon citrate obtained by the method using nanotechnology at the rate of 25; 50 and 75 µg Si/kg body weight and sodium metasilicate in the amount of 2.5 and 5.0 mg Si/kg body weight on the mineral elements content in the tissues of the organism. Significant differences between Calcium, Cobalt, Zinc, Ferum, Cuprum, and Manganese content in liver, muscle, tubular bone, skin, wool, and blood of rabbits were determined depending on the amount and compound of silicon in the rabbit diet. Feeding silicon citrate in the smallest (25 μg Si) of the studied quantity was indicated by a significant increase ( P <0.05–0.01) of Si in skin and wool tissues, Zn in skin, Ca and Fe in blood and Cu in rabbit liver. The use of silicon citrate at the rate of 50 and 75 μg Si/kg body weight caused unidirectional changes in the studied tissues of rabbits with a likely increase ( P <0.05–0.001) content of Ca, Si, Co, Zn, Fe and Cu in the blood rabbits. This may indicate the synergistic effect of the amount of organic compound applied to silicon, since despite significant fluctuations in the amount of silicon entering the body, its content in the blood remains stable. A significant ( P <0.05–0.01) increase in the content of Ca, Si, Co, Zn, tissue of the longest muscle of the back, Si and Zn in skin, Si in wool, and higher Co level in the tubular bone tissue compared to the control group was found. The content of trace elements in rabbit tissues for the absorption of sodium metasilicate in the amount of 2.5 and 5.0 mg Si/kg body weight retained significantly less influence of the probable differences compared to the control group with more pronounced influence of lower amount, in particu-lar: Ca, Si, Fe in blood, Co in liver, Si in muscle tissues, Ca, Si and Zn in wool and skin. The established changes in the content of macro- and microelements in the tissues of the rabbit organism mark tissue specificity and depend on the compound of silicon used and their amount in the diet. The synergistic effect of the use of silicon compounds was more pronounced than the effect of silicon citrate in the amount of 50 and 75 µg Si/kg body weight, which may indicate a stimulating effect of silicon on the correction of mineral metabolism in their body.
{"title":"Influence of silicon compounds on the mineral elements content in tissues of rabbits’ organism","authors":"A. I. Ivanitskaya, Y. Lesyk, H. Denys","doi":"10.15407/animbiol21.04.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol21.04.031","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the effect of drinking rabbits from 52 to 110 days of life silicon citrate obtained by the method using nanotechnology at the rate of 25; 50 and 75 µg Si/kg body weight and sodium metasilicate in the amount of 2.5 and 5.0 mg Si/kg body weight on the mineral elements content in the tissues of the organism. Significant differences between Calcium, Cobalt, Zinc, Ferum, Cuprum, and Manganese content in liver, muscle, tubular bone, skin, wool, and blood of rabbits were determined depending on the amount and compound of silicon in the rabbit diet. Feeding silicon citrate in the smallest (25 μg Si) of the studied quantity was indicated by a significant increase ( P <0.05–0.01) of Si in skin and wool tissues, Zn in skin, Ca and Fe in blood and Cu in rabbit liver. The use of silicon citrate at the rate of 50 and 75 μg Si/kg body weight caused unidirectional changes in the studied tissues of rabbits with a likely increase ( P <0.05–0.001) content of Ca, Si, Co, Zn, Fe and Cu in the blood rabbits. This may indicate the synergistic effect of the amount of organic compound applied to silicon, since despite significant fluctuations in the amount of silicon entering the body, its content in the blood remains stable. A significant ( P <0.05–0.01) increase in the content of Ca, Si, Co, Zn, tissue of the longest muscle of the back, Si and Zn in skin, Si in wool, and higher Co level in the tubular bone tissue compared to the control group was found. The content of trace elements in rabbit tissues for the absorption of sodium metasilicate in the amount of 2.5 and 5.0 mg Si/kg body weight retained significantly less influence of the probable differences compared to the control group with more pronounced influence of lower amount, in particu-lar: Ca, Si, Fe in blood, Co in liver, Si in muscle tissues, Ca, Si and Zn in wool and skin. The established changes in the content of macro- and microelements in the tissues of the rabbit organism mark tissue specificity and depend on the compound of silicon used and their amount in the diet. The synergistic effect of the use of silicon compounds was more pronounced than the effect of silicon citrate in the amount of 50 and 75 µg Si/kg body weight, which may indicate a stimulating effect of silicon on the correction of mineral metabolism in their body.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"439 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76329599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol21.03.061
P. Mudroň
Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein produced primarily in the liver in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. The objective of this field study was to determine if common inflammatory diseases like mastitis and claw inflammatory disorders are associated with increased serum haptoglobin. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of haptoglobin levels were tested. 237 Holstein dairy cows were included in the study; farm feeding management was based on TMR and the dairy cows were housed in free stalls with cubicles. Health condition of mammary gland and claws was examined in the crush. The subclinical mastitis was diagnosed by using California mastitis test. Blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein at the time of the clinical examination and treatment. Serum haptoglobin concentration was measured by colorimetric assay (Tridelta Development, Ireland). Statistical analysis was done by two-way ANOVA. The threshold level of haptoglobin for calculation of sensitivity and specificity was 0.05 g/L. Clinical mastitis, subclinical mastitis, and inflammatory claw disorders, including digital dermatitis, inter digital dermatitis, pododermatitis, interdigital hyperplasia, and subclinical laminitis were found in 204 dairy cows (INFLA). 33 dairy cows were found to be free of inflammatory changes (CONTROL). Cows with inflammation had higherserum haptoglobin than controls: INFLA — 0.21 g/L; CONTROL — 0.06 g/L (P<0.01). The sensitivity de tecting dairy cows with inflammatory disorders by serum haptoglobin levels was 84 %, whereas the specificity in the control group of 33 clinically unsuspicious cows was 68 %. Results of the study show that the inflammatory dis orders in dairy cows are associated with increased concentrations of the serum haptoglobin. However, sensitivity and specificity of the serum haptoglobin are rather low for detection of inflammatory processes in dairy cows.
{"title":"Haptoglobin concentrations in blood of dairy cows with inflammatory diseases","authors":"P. Mudroň","doi":"10.15407/animbiol21.03.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol21.03.061","url":null,"abstract":"Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein produced primarily in the liver in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. The objective of this field study was to determine if common inflammatory diseases like mastitis and claw inflammatory disorders are associated with increased serum haptoglobin. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of haptoglobin levels were tested. 237 Holstein dairy cows were included in the study; farm feeding management was based on TMR and the dairy cows were housed in free stalls with cubicles. Health condition of mammary gland and claws was examined in the crush. The subclinical mastitis was diagnosed by using California mastitis test. Blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein at the time of the clinical examination and treatment. Serum haptoglobin concentration was measured by colorimetric assay (Tridelta Development, Ireland). Statistical analysis was done by two-way ANOVA. The threshold level of haptoglobin for calculation of sensitivity and specificity was 0.05 g/L. Clinical mastitis, subclinical mastitis, and inflammatory claw disorders, including digital dermatitis, inter digital dermatitis, pododermatitis, interdigital hyperplasia, and subclinical laminitis were found in 204 dairy cows (INFLA). 33 dairy cows were found to be free of inflammatory changes (CONTROL). Cows with inflammation had higherserum haptoglobin than controls: INFLA — 0.21 g/L; CONTROL — 0.06 g/L (P<0.01). The sensitivity de tecting dairy cows with inflammatory disorders by serum haptoglobin levels was 84 %, whereas the specificity in the control group of 33 clinically unsuspicious cows was 68 %. Results of the study show that the inflammatory dis orders in dairy cows are associated with increased concentrations of the serum haptoglobin. However, sensitivity and specificity of the serum haptoglobin are rather low for detection of inflammatory processes in dairy cows.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81073336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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