Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15407/ANIMBIOL22.03.057
M. Sharan
The article presents the scientific achievements of researchers of the Institute of Animal Biology NAAS in reproductive biotechnology in sheep breeding. The Ukrainian-Polish experiment on improving the in vitro method of sheep fertilization, which ended with the birth of the first lamb in Ukraine, is covered in detail. The scientific achievements of the staff of the institute were the basis for the introduction of an improved method of laparoscopic insemination of sheep in Ukrainian farms. Laparoscopic insemination of local breeds of sheep of Lviv, Zakarpattia, Kherson and Dnipropetrovsk regions with sperm of sheep of specialized fat breeds was carried out and fertilization of more than 80% was obtained. Also, scientific and practical work was carried out to improve and implement methods of stimulating superovulation in ewes of the Texel breed, non-surgical washing of embryos and their transplantation to bright recipients of the Ukrainian Carpathian breed.
{"title":"Improvement and introduction of modern methods of reproductive biotechnology of sheep in the Institute of Animal Biology NAAS","authors":"M. Sharan","doi":"10.15407/ANIMBIOL22.03.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ANIMBIOL22.03.057","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the scientific achievements of researchers of the Institute of Animal Biology NAAS in reproductive biotechnology in sheep breeding. The Ukrainian-Polish experiment on improving the in vitro method of sheep fertilization, which ended with the birth of the first lamb in Ukraine, is covered in detail. The scientific achievements of the staff of the institute were the basis for the introduction of an improved method of laparoscopic insemination of sheep in Ukrainian farms. Laparoscopic insemination of local breeds of sheep of Lviv, Zakarpattia, Kherson and Dnipropetrovsk regions with sperm of sheep of specialized fat breeds was carried out and fertilization of more than 80% was obtained. Also, scientific and practical work was carried out to improve and implement methods of stimulating superovulation in ewes of the Texel breed, non-surgical washing of embryos and their transplantation to bright recipients of the Ukrainian Carpathian breed.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89548092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15407/ANIMBIOL22.03.041
O. Vishchur, K. Smolyaninov, N. Broda, D. Mudrak, M. Masyuk, І. Y. Matlakh
The main directions of scientific work of the Laboratory of immunology during its 25-year history are highlighted. Some of its stages and achievements in the field of animal husbandry are considered. The historical outline of the foundation and formation of the laboratory of immunology is briefly presented, the purpose of research is described and the tasks set before the laboratory are listed, the main achievements of scientific researches in separate branches of animal husbandry are listed. Particular attention is paid to the main preventive and curative drugs that have been developed in the laboratory and adapted to the practice of animal husbandry. The activity of the laboratory staff in the scientific sphere as well as in the implementation of scientific achievements in the practice of animal husbandry is summarized.
{"title":"Scientific achievements of the Laboratory of immunology","authors":"O. Vishchur, K. Smolyaninov, N. Broda, D. Mudrak, M. Masyuk, І. Y. Matlakh","doi":"10.15407/ANIMBIOL22.03.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ANIMBIOL22.03.041","url":null,"abstract":"The main directions of scientific work of the Laboratory of immunology during its 25-year history are highlighted. Some of its stages and achievements in the field of animal husbandry are considered. The historical outline of the foundation and formation of the laboratory of immunology is briefly presented, the purpose of research is described and the tasks set before the laboratory are listed, the main achievements of scientific researches in separate branches of animal husbandry are listed. Particular attention is paid to the main preventive and curative drugs that have been developed in the laboratory and adapted to the practice of animal husbandry. The activity of the laboratory staff in the scientific sphere as well as in the implementation of scientific achievements in the practice of animal husbandry is summarized.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84271824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.02.043
N. Seliukova, Si, Y. Laryanovska, I. Volokhov, D. Morozenko, R. Dotsenko, A. Zemlianskyi, K. Misiura, Kharkiv Ukraine Alchevskikh str.
Nowadays, it is almost unknown how fetoplacental insufficiency of mothers affects the formation of the reproductive system in male offspring during puberty. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the histological structure of the testes of male offspring born to mothers of different ages with fetoplacental insufficiency and to evaluate the effectiveness of a new pharmaceutical composition for the correction of pathological conditions of pregnancy. The experiment involved healthy mature female Wistar rats in young (3–4 months) and mature (8–10 months) reproductive age. Eight groups with 7 pregnant females in each one were formed: groups 1 and 2 — intact animals of young and mature reproductive age, respectively; groups 3 and 4 — females with experimental fetoplacental insufficiency of young and mature reproductive age; groups 5 and 6 — young and mature animals with experimental fetoplacental insufficiency and addition to food depending on the weight of animals from 11 to 19 days of pregnancy pharmaceutical composition. Groups 7 and 8 — young and mature animals with experimental fetoplacental insufficiency with addition a comparison drug Dipyridamole to the food. Modeling of fetoplacental insufficiency was performed by daily subcutaneous injection to females from the 12th to the 18th day of pregnancy 50% oil solution of carbon tetrachloride at a dose of 2 ml/kg body weight. Offspring were decontaminated on the 50th day of life (puberty) by rapid decapitation. Samples of male testicles were fixed in 10% formalin solution, performed on alcohols of increasing strength, poured into paraffin. Sections were made from the blocks, which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Qualitative assessment of histostructure was performed on sections of the body in rats. Summing up the results of histological analysis and morphometric parameters characterizing the condition of the testicles of rats, we can draw the following conclusions. In the offspring born to reproductively young females with fetoplacental insufficiency, inhibition of the rate of germ cell differentiation was found, while in the offspring born to reproductively mature females with fetoplacental insufficiency, the negative effects of this effect were leveled and the rate of spermatogenesis increased. When the pharmaceutical composition was administered to both young and mature pregnant females on the background of fetoplacental insufficiency, it activated the processes of proliferation and differentiation of spermatogenic epithelium in their offspring, which was reflected in the appearance of mature sperm in the seminal tubules. The comparison drug Dipyridamole, administered according to the same regimen to both young and mature pregnant females with fetoplacental insufficiency, also helped the 50-day-old offspring of these females to restore the rate of spermatogenesis at the level of the pharmaceutical composition.
{"title":"Morphofunctional changes in testes of rats born to mothers with simulated fetoplacental insufficiency and its correction","authors":"N. Seliukova, Si, Y. Laryanovska, I. Volokhov, D. Morozenko, R. Dotsenko, A. Zemlianskyi, K. Misiura, Kharkiv Ukraine Alchevskikh str.","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.02.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.02.043","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, it is almost unknown how fetoplacental insufficiency of mothers affects the formation of the reproductive system in male offspring during puberty. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the histological structure of the testes of male offspring born to mothers of different ages with fetoplacental insufficiency and to evaluate the effectiveness of a new pharmaceutical composition for the correction of pathological conditions of pregnancy. The experiment involved healthy mature female Wistar rats in young (3–4 months) and mature (8–10 months) reproductive age. Eight groups with 7 pregnant females in each one were formed: groups 1 and 2 — intact animals of young and mature reproductive age, respectively; groups 3 and 4 — females with experimental fetoplacental insufficiency of young and mature reproductive age; groups 5 and 6 — young and mature animals with experimental fetoplacental insufficiency and addition to food depending on the weight of animals from 11 to 19 days of pregnancy pharmaceutical composition. Groups 7 and 8 — young and mature animals with experimental fetoplacental insufficiency with addition a comparison drug Dipyridamole to the food. Modeling of fetoplacental insufficiency was performed by daily subcutaneous injection to females from the 12th to the 18th day of pregnancy 50% oil solution of carbon tetrachloride at a dose of 2 ml/kg body weight. Offspring were decontaminated on the 50th day of life (puberty) by rapid decapitation. Samples of male testicles were fixed in 10% formalin solution, performed on alcohols of increasing strength, poured into paraffin. Sections were made from the blocks, which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Qualitative assessment of histostructure was performed on sections of the body in rats. Summing up the results of histological analysis and morphometric parameters characterizing the condition of the testicles of rats, we can draw the following conclusions. In the offspring born to reproductively young females with fetoplacental insufficiency, inhibition of the rate of germ cell differentiation was found, while in the offspring born to reproductively mature females with fetoplacental insufficiency, the negative effects of this effect were leveled and the rate of spermatogenesis increased. When the pharmaceutical composition was administered to both young and mature pregnant females on the background of fetoplacental insufficiency, it activated the processes of proliferation and differentiation of spermatogenic epithelium in their offspring, which was reflected in the appearance of mature sperm in the seminal tubules. The comparison drug Dipyridamole, administered according to the same regimen to both young and mature pregnant females with fetoplacental insufficiency, also helped the 50-day-old offspring of these females to restore the rate of spermatogenesis at the level of the pharmaceutical composition.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76295908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.02.038
O. Slivinska, R. Iskra
The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of chromium and zinc citrates on the NO-synthase (NOS) activity of erythrocytes in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. In three series of investigations rats were divided into four groups (I — control, II, III and IV — experimental) each one containing 7 animals. During four weeks, in the first series of investigations chromium citrate was added with water to the main diet of animals in III and IV groups in amounts of 10 and 25 μg Cr3+/kg of body weight; in the second series, zinc citrate was added in amounts of 20 and 50 mg Zn2+/kg of body weight respectively. In the third series, the animals of III group received chromium citrate in amount 25 μg Cr3+/kg of body weight and zinc citrate in amount 50 mg Zn2+/kg of body weight with water. The rats of II experimental group in all series received clean water with no citrates added. A month later, in animals of all experimental groups on the background of a 24-hour fasting an experimental diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in amounts of 45 mg/kg of body weight with the previous injection of nicotinamide. Diabetes occurred on the third day. Animals with a glucose concentration of 14 mmol/L were used for the experiment. The material for the investigation was the blood of rats, in which the concentration of glucose and the relative count of glycosylated hemoglobin were determined, in erythrocytes — NO-synthase activity: general, inducible and constitutive. As a result of the conducted research, it has been found that under streptozotocin induced experimental diabetes in erythrocytes of rats of experimental group II in both series of investigations the activity of general and inducible NOS increased, while the activity of the constitutive NOS did not change compared with the animals of the control group. The introduction of chromium and zinc citrates into the animals’ diet in the above mentioned doses led to the decrease in the activity of the general and inducible NOS compared with the animals of group II with streptozotocin diabetes, indicating a positive effect of the studied microelements on NOS activity in erythrocytes of rats. Thus, the use of chromium and zinc citrates in the diet of rats with diabetes has a normalizing effect on the state of NOS activity, what can reduce the harmful influence of hyperglycemia on the development of oxidative and nitrosative stress.
{"title":"The corrective effect of chromium and zinc citrates on NO-synthase activity of erythrocytes in rats with streptozotocin diabetes","authors":"O. Slivinska, R. Iskra","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.02.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.02.038","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of chromium and zinc citrates on the NO-synthase (NOS) activity of erythrocytes in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. In three series of investigations rats were divided into four groups (I — control, II, III and IV — experimental) each one containing 7 animals. During four weeks, in the first series of investigations chromium citrate was added with water to the main diet of animals in III and IV groups in amounts of 10 and 25 μg Cr3+/kg of body weight; in the second series, zinc citrate was added in amounts of 20 and 50 mg Zn2+/kg of body weight respectively. In the third series, the animals of III group received chromium citrate in amount 25 μg Cr3+/kg of body weight and zinc citrate in amount 50 mg Zn2+/kg of body weight with water. The rats of II experimental group in all series received clean water with no citrates added. A month later, in animals of all experimental groups on the background of a 24-hour fasting an experimental diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in amounts of 45 mg/kg of body weight with the previous injection of nicotinamide. Diabetes occurred on the third day. Animals with a glucose concentration of 14 mmol/L were used for the experiment. The material for the investigation was the blood of rats, in which the concentration of glucose and the relative count of glycosylated hemoglobin were determined, in erythrocytes — NO-synthase activity: general, inducible and constitutive. As a result of the conducted research, it has been found that under streptozotocin induced experimental diabetes in erythrocytes of rats of experimental group II in both series of investigations the activity of general and inducible NOS increased, while the activity of the constitutive NOS did not change compared with the animals of the control group. The introduction of chromium and zinc citrates into the animals’ diet in the above mentioned doses led to the decrease in the activity of the general and inducible NOS compared with the animals of group II with streptozotocin diabetes, indicating a positive effect of the studied microelements on NOS activity in erythrocytes of rats. Thus, the use of chromium and zinc citrates in the diet of rats with diabetes has a normalizing effect on the state of NOS activity, what can reduce the harmful influence of hyperglycemia on the development of oxidative and nitrosative stress.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85299545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.02.026
O. Koleschuk, I. Kovalchuk, M. Tsap, M. Khomyn
The article presents experimental data on the effect of nickel citrate obtained using nanotechnology on the biochemical parameters of cows’ blood. The animals were divided into 3 groups. Group I was the control one. The animals of the II and III experimental groups received a feed additive of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg of dry matter of the diet daily during the ninth month of lactation and the first two months after calving. It was found that the addition of both doses of nickel citrate to the transition cows diet contributed to positive changes in some biochemical parameters. A decrease in the content of lipid hydroperoxides, TBA-active products, as well as phenolic compounds was revealed. It should be noted that supplementation cows with nickel citrate in the first month after calving led to a significant increase in the content of lipid hydroperoxides by 15.1% in the third experimental group (P<0.01) against decrease in the level of TBARS by 14.8% compared with the control group (P<0.05). Feeding cows of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.1 mg/kg of dry matter stimulated the binding of free phenols and increased the concentration of their conjugated compounds, particularly phenolglucuronides, in the blood of animals of experimental group II by 20.2% (P<0.05). Instead, the use of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.3 mg/kg of dry matter contributed to a more pronounced activation of detoxification function with increasing concentrations of phenolsulfates and phenolglucuronides in the blood of animals of experimental group III compared with animals of control group by 23.1 and 21.2% (P<0.05).
{"title":"Detoxification processes in the cows fed nickel citrate supplement at late pregnancy and first months of lactation","authors":"O. Koleschuk, I. Kovalchuk, M. Tsap, M. Khomyn","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.02.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.02.026","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents experimental data on the effect of nickel citrate obtained using nanotechnology on the biochemical parameters of cows’ blood. The animals were divided into 3 groups. Group I was the control one. The animals of the II and III experimental groups received a feed additive of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg of dry matter of the diet daily during the ninth month of lactation and the first two months after calving. It was found that the addition of both doses of nickel citrate to the transition cows diet contributed to positive changes in some biochemical parameters. A decrease in the content of lipid hydroperoxides, TBA-active products, as well as phenolic compounds was revealed. It should be noted that supplementation cows with nickel citrate in the first month after calving led to a significant increase in the content of lipid hydroperoxides by 15.1% in the third experimental group (P<0.01) against decrease in the level of TBARS by 14.8% compared with the control group (P<0.05). Feeding cows of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.1 mg/kg of dry matter stimulated the binding of free phenols and increased the concentration of their conjugated compounds, particularly phenolglucuronides, in the blood of animals of experimental group II by 20.2% (P<0.05). Instead, the use of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.3 mg/kg of dry matter contributed to a more pronounced activation of detoxification function with increasing concentrations of phenolsulfates and phenolglucuronides in the blood of animals of experimental group III compared with animals of control group by 23.1 and 21.2% (P<0.05).","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75365081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.02.050
Yu. Astafurov
The data on the peculiarities of M. nipponense shrimp cultivation of the Dnister population in circulatory water use systems for growing crustaceans are presented. One of the most important areas of crustacean farming is the development of principles and the creation of artificial ecosystems for the successful cultivation of aquaculture facilities, which are a valuable source of protein food. Shrimp M. nipponense is a group of aquatic organisms, its production technology in artificial conditions is currently being developed. For the conditions of Ukraine, we can identify four possible areas of shrimp M. nipponense: 1) in the natural conditions of the Dnister river basin; 2) in the ponds of the southern regions of Ukraine in natural climatic conditions (summer period); 3) in the ponds, cages and pools on the warm waters of energy facilities in the summer; 4) in installations with circulatory water use — all year round. At the same time, the four listed options are related to the use of circulatory water use systems for keeping producers in winter, spawning, incubation and rearing of young. Therefore, the study of fishery and biological features, the development of basic biotechnical principles and the creation of technology for reproduction of shrimp M. nipponense in artificial conditions using circulating plants is relevant. For research on M. nipponense we used fishery and biological methods: hydrochemical, biotechnical. Three circulation systems with aquariums with a volume of 0.3–05 m3 with an independent system of thermoregulation, mechanical and biological water purification were used directly for the experiments. Growing shrimp M. nipponense in circulatory water use systems includes two main stages: 1) obtaining planting material; 2) commercial cultivation. Optimization of abiotic factors of shrimp habitat in closed systems allows to reduce by 4–5 times the time of their cultivation, maturation of producers and the formation of uterine herds, which allows year-round to obtain viable young and large planting material to launch M. nipponense in artificial and natural reservoirs.
{"title":"Features of the cultivation of the eastern subtropic freshwater shrimp Macrobranchium nipponense (De HAAN 1849) of the lower Dnister in the conditions of circulatory water use systems","authors":"Yu. Astafurov","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.02.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.02.050","url":null,"abstract":"The data on the peculiarities of M. nipponense shrimp cultivation of the Dnister population in circulatory water use systems for growing crustaceans are presented. One of the most important areas of crustacean farming is the development of principles and the creation of artificial ecosystems for the successful cultivation of aquaculture facilities, which are a valuable source of protein food. Shrimp M. nipponense is a group of aquatic organisms, its production technology in artificial conditions is currently being developed. For the conditions of Ukraine, we can identify four possible areas of shrimp M. nipponense: 1) in the natural conditions of the Dnister river basin; 2) in the ponds of the southern regions of Ukraine in natural climatic conditions (summer period); 3) in the ponds, cages and pools on the warm waters of energy facilities in the summer; 4) in installations with circulatory water use — all year round. At the same time, the four listed options are related to the use of circulatory water use systems for keeping producers in winter, spawning, incubation and rearing of young. Therefore, the study of fishery and biological features, the development of basic biotechnical principles and the creation of technology for reproduction of shrimp M. nipponense in artificial conditions using circulating plants is relevant. For research on M. nipponense we used fishery and biological methods: hydrochemical, biotechnical. Three circulation systems with aquariums with a volume of 0.3–05 m3 with an independent system of thermoregulation, mechanical and biological water purification were used directly for the experiments. Growing shrimp M. nipponense in circulatory water use systems includes two main stages: 1) obtaining planting material; 2) commercial cultivation. Optimization of abiotic factors of shrimp habitat in closed systems allows to reduce by 4–5 times the time of their cultivation, maturation of producers and the formation of uterine herds, which allows year-round to obtain viable young and large planting material to launch M. nipponense in artificial and natural reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82663371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.02.015
R. Ostapiv, O. I. Lukashchuk, V. Samaryk, M. Nagornyak, S. Varvarenko, Donetska str. Lviv Ukraine Feed Additives
The aim of the study was to test the ability of dextrin particles of different sizes, modified with N-stearylglutamic acid, to increase the transport of taurine into the blood plasma of rats. To achieve this goal, Wistar rats weighing 240–260 g were divided into control and four experimental groups. The control group was administered once perorally with water. The first experimental group was administered perorally with an aqueous solution of taurine at a dose of 100 mg/kg, the second and third ― a solution of taurine-dextrin associate with particle sizes of 60–90 nm and 500–800 nm, in which the dose of taurine was 100 mg/kg. The fourth experimental group (IV) was administered only dextrin. In 30 min, the rats were decapitated, and blood was collected. Blood cells and proteins were precipitated, and samples were derivatized with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Free amino acids of plasma were separated on a Dionex Ultimate 3000 liquid chromatograph equipped with a spectrophotometric detector, chromatographic column Luna C18 (2) 250×4.6 mm, elution type was gradient. It was registered that in the first and third experimental groups the content of taurine in the blood plasma of rats was 33.8% higher than in the control. Oral administration of taurine-dextrin associate with 60–90 nm particles increases the taurine content by 62.6% compared to the control and by 21.6% more than in the first and third experimental groups. This indicates efficient transport of taurine by dextrin only with particles of 60–90 nm. Administration of both taurine and taurine-dextrin associate reduced concentrations of glutamine, methionine, lysine, alanine, phenylalanine, and histidine. Moreover, the reason for the decrease in the content of the last two amino acids was not only taurine, but also the transporter itself. With the administration of the transporter the concentration of asparagine was lower than in control, and the content of arginine, on the contrary, higher. In the first experimental group, the concentration of aspartic acid and serine decreased, and in the second ― valine, leucine and tryptophan, in the third ― glutamic acid. The glycine content increased in the second experimental group. Ornithine content in all experimental groups except the third was higher, compared with the control. Thus, modified dextrin with a particle size of 60–90 nm increases the transport of taurine into the blood.
{"title":"Influence of single oral administration of taurine-dextrin associate on concentration of amino acids in rat plasma","authors":"R. Ostapiv, O. I. Lukashchuk, V. Samaryk, M. Nagornyak, S. Varvarenko, Donetska str. Lviv Ukraine Feed Additives","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.02.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to test the ability of dextrin particles of different sizes, modified with N-stearylglutamic acid, to increase the transport of taurine into the blood plasma of rats. To achieve this goal, Wistar rats weighing 240–260 g were divided into control and four experimental groups. The control group was administered once perorally with water. The first experimental group was administered perorally with an aqueous solution of taurine at a dose of 100 mg/kg, the second and third ― a solution of taurine-dextrin associate with particle sizes of 60–90 nm and 500–800 nm, in which the dose of taurine was 100 mg/kg. The fourth experimental group (IV) was administered only dextrin. In 30 min, the rats were decapitated, and blood was collected. Blood cells and proteins were precipitated, and samples were derivatized with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Free amino acids of plasma were separated on a Dionex Ultimate 3000 liquid chromatograph equipped with a spectrophotometric detector, chromatographic column Luna C18 (2) 250×4.6 mm, elution type was gradient. It was registered that in the first and third experimental groups the content of taurine in the blood plasma of rats was 33.8% higher than in the control. Oral administration of taurine-dextrin associate with 60–90 nm particles increases the taurine content by 62.6% compared to the control and by 21.6% more than in the first and third experimental groups. This indicates efficient transport of taurine by dextrin only with particles of 60–90 nm. Administration of both taurine and taurine-dextrin associate reduced concentrations of glutamine, methionine, lysine, alanine, phenylalanine, and histidine. Moreover, the reason for the decrease in the content of the last two amino acids was not only taurine, but also the transporter itself. With the administration of the transporter the concentration of asparagine was lower than in control, and the content of arginine, on the contrary, higher. In the first experimental group, the concentration of aspartic acid and serine decreased, and in the second ― valine, leucine and tryptophan, in the third ― glutamic acid. The glycine content increased in the second experimental group. Ornithine content in all experimental groups except the third was higher, compared with the control. Thus, modified dextrin with a particle size of 60–90 nm increases the transport of taurine into the blood.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77712605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.02.009
O. Zakhariv, I. Vudmaska, A. Petruk
Requirement of suckling piglets in lipids are supplied in two ways: with sow milk and by de novo synthesis. Despite the high fat content of milk and increased lipogenesis, lipid content in piglets’ body during the first month of life increases very slightly what is associated with extremely rapid growth at this period and, consequently, significant expenditure of energy and structural lipids for tissues formation. Therefore, it is important to study the intensity of lipid synthesis in suckling piglets. The purpose of our studies was to investigate the age-related dynamics of lipogenesis. Twelve sows of large white breed were selected. From each sow, three piglets were taken at 1-, 10- and 30-day-old age. The piglets were intramuscularly injected with an aqueous solution of [2-14C] sodium acetate at a dose of 100 μCi. After 2 hours, the piglets were killed and samples of the liver, small and large intestine mucosa were obtained. The tissues were homogenized; lipids were extracted and divided into classes by thin layer chromatography. The radioactivity of each fraction was determined by a scintillation counter. The results show that the intensity of lipid synthesis from [2-14C] acetate in liver of 1 day-age piglets was 2.5 times higher than at 10 and 30 days. In the mucous membrane of the small and large intestine of piglets at 1- and 10 days of age, lipid synthesis occurs at almost the same intensity. At 30 days of age it increases significantly in the small intestinal mucosa and decreases in the large intestinal mucosa. Significant differences in the degree of use of [2-14C] acetate in the synthesis of individual lipid classes in the small intestinal mucosa of piglets at all stages of the study compared with the liver were revealed. The same features are observed for the synthesis of individual classes of lipids in the mucosa of the large intestine of piglets at 10 and 30 days of age. The obtained results indicate significant differences in lipid synthesis in the mucosa of the small and large intestine and in the liver of suckling piglets. Acetate is very intensively used for lipid synthesis during the first 30 days of piglets’ life. On the first day of life, lipogenesis is most active in the liver, but with age the lipid synthesis gradually activated in the intestinal mucosa.
{"title":"Features of lipid synthesis from [2-14C] acetate in liver and intestinal mucosa of piglets","authors":"O. Zakhariv, I. Vudmaska, A. Petruk","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"Requirement of suckling piglets in lipids are supplied in two ways: with sow milk and by de novo synthesis. Despite the high fat content of milk and increased lipogenesis, lipid content in piglets’ body during the first month of life increases very slightly what is associated with extremely rapid growth at this period and, consequently, significant expenditure of energy and structural lipids for tissues formation. Therefore, it is important to study the intensity of lipid synthesis in suckling piglets. The purpose of our studies was to investigate the age-related dynamics of lipogenesis. Twelve sows of large white breed were selected. From each sow, three piglets were taken at 1-, 10- and 30-day-old age. The piglets were intramuscularly injected with an aqueous solution of [2-14C] sodium acetate at a dose of 100 μCi. After 2 hours, the piglets were killed and samples of the liver, small and large intestine mucosa were obtained. The tissues were homogenized; lipids were extracted and divided into classes by thin layer chromatography. The radioactivity of each fraction was determined by a scintillation counter. The results show that the intensity of lipid synthesis from [2-14C] acetate in liver of 1 day-age piglets was 2.5 times higher than at 10 and 30 days. In the mucous membrane of the small and large intestine of piglets at 1- and 10 days of age, lipid synthesis occurs at almost the same intensity. At 30 days of age it increases significantly in the small intestinal mucosa and decreases in the large intestinal mucosa. Significant differences in the degree of use of [2-14C] acetate in the synthesis of individual lipid classes in the small intestinal mucosa of piglets at all stages of the study compared with the liver were revealed. The same features are observed for the synthesis of individual classes of lipids in the mucosa of the large intestine of piglets at 10 and 30 days of age. The obtained results indicate significant differences in lipid synthesis in the mucosa of the small and large intestine and in the liver of suckling piglets. Acetate is very intensively used for lipid synthesis during the first 30 days of piglets’ life. On the first day of life, lipogenesis is most active in the liver, but with age the lipid synthesis gradually activated in the intestinal mucosa.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82750625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.01.046
K. Solopova
Aeromonosis of carp fish is one of the most common diseases of pond fish, which causes significant loss for fisheries: fish mortality is from 10 to 90 %. For fish treatment antibacterial drugs such as nitrofuran, antibiotics, feed antibiotics, as well as dyes are used . Despite the significant benefits of using antibiotics, it is now believed that overuse of any antibiotic substance over a period of time can lead to a local population of bacteria resistant to them. Therefore, probiotics have several advantages over existing vitamin and antibiotic drugs: they are technological in animal use; low toxic; cheap; simple and environmentally friendly production; high economic efficiency of application. Here are the results of studies of the influence of the synbiotic drug “Enteronormin” with iodine and selenium on the indices of nonspecific resistance to the organism of carp affected by bacterial aeromonosis. The research was conducted under the conditions of aquariums at the Lviv Research Station of the Institute of Fisheries of NAAS. The control group, which consisted of clinically healthy fish, received only 3 % starch suspension, the 1 st experimental group (E1) — aeromonosis affected carps who were given only 3 % starch suspension, the 2 nd experimental group (E2), which consisted of carps affected aeromonosis, through the probe within 7 days was administered the drug “Enteronormin” at the rate of 2 mg per 1 kg of fish weight in the composition of 3 % starch suspension. Before feeding for the carp drug was activated for 14–16 hours water enriched with Iodine and Selenium ions in the Iodis + Se form (TU U 15.7- 30631018-011:2011). Studies have shown that a disease associated with the bacterial form of aeromonosis has an immunosuppres sive effect on the body’s natural resistance. In particular, there was a decrease in the phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and lysozyme activity of the blood serum against the background of an increase in the content of circulating immune complexes and phagocytic index. The rehabilitative effect of the enteronormin synbiotic drug on the investigated indices of cellular and humoral setions of nonspecific resistance of fish organisms affected by bacterial aeromonosis was ascertained.
鲤鱼气单胞菌病是塘鱼最常见的疾病之一，对渔业造成重大损失，鱼类死亡率高达10%至90%。鱼的治疗使用抗菌药物，如硝基呋喃、抗生素、饲料抗生素以及染料。尽管使用抗生素有显著的好处，但现在人们认为，在一段时间内过度使用任何抗生素物质都可能导致当地细菌种群对它们产生耐药性。因此，与现有的维生素和抗生素药物相比，益生菌有几个优势:它们在动物使用中是技术性的;低毒性;便宜的;简单环保生产;应用经济效益高。本文报道了“肠诺敏”与碘、硒合成药物对细菌性气单胞病鲤鱼非特异性耐药指标影响的研究结果。这项研究是在俄罗斯国家科学院渔业研究所利沃夫研究站的水族馆条件下进行的。对照组(临床健康的鱼)只给予3%淀粉悬浮液，第1实验组(E1) -气脓病的鱼只给予3%淀粉悬浮液，第2实验组(E2) -气脓病的鱼，在7天内通过探针给药，以3%淀粉悬浮液中每公斤鱼重2 mg的剂量给药。在投喂鲤鱼之前，将药物激活14-16小时，水中以碘+硒的形式富含碘和硒离子(TU U 15.7- 30631018-011:2011)。研究表明，一种与细菌形式的气单胞病相关的疾病对人体的自然抵抗力有免疫抑制作用。特别是，在循环免疫复合物含量和吞噬指数增加的背景下，中性粒细胞的吞噬活性和血清溶菌酶活性下降。确定肠诺敏合成药物对受细菌性气单胞病影响的鱼类非特异性耐药的细胞和体液切片指标的康复作用。
{"title":"Natural defense mechanisms in carp infected by bacterial aeromonosis and after treatment with the synbiotic drug “Enteronormin”","authors":"K. Solopova","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.01.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.01.046","url":null,"abstract":"Aeromonosis of carp fish is one of the most common diseases of pond fish, which causes significant loss for fisheries: fish mortality is from 10 to 90 %. For fish treatment antibacterial drugs such as nitrofuran, antibiotics, feed antibiotics, as well as dyes are used . Despite the significant benefits of using antibiotics, it is now believed that overuse of any antibiotic substance over a period of time can lead to a local population of bacteria resistant to them. Therefore, probiotics have several advantages over existing vitamin and antibiotic drugs: they are technological in animal use; low toxic; cheap; simple and environmentally friendly production; high economic efficiency of application. Here are the results of studies of the influence of the synbiotic drug “Enteronormin” with iodine and selenium on the indices of nonspecific resistance to the organism of carp affected by bacterial aeromonosis. The research was conducted under the conditions of aquariums at the Lviv Research Station of the Institute of Fisheries of NAAS. The control group, which consisted of clinically healthy fish, received only 3 % starch suspension, the 1 st experimental group (E1) — aeromonosis affected carps who were given only 3 % starch suspension, the 2 nd experimental group (E2), which consisted of carps affected aeromonosis, through the probe within 7 days was administered the drug “Enteronormin” at the rate of 2 mg per 1 kg of fish weight in the composition of 3 % starch suspension. Before feeding for the carp drug was activated for 14–16 hours water enriched with Iodine and Selenium ions in the Iodis + Se form (TU U 15.7- 30631018-011:2011). Studies have shown that a disease associated with the bacterial form of aeromonosis has an immunosuppres sive effect on the body’s natural resistance. In particular, there was a decrease in the phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and lysozyme activity of the blood serum against the background of an increase in the content of circulating immune complexes and phagocytic index. The rehabilitative effect of the enteronormin synbiotic drug on the investigated indices of cellular and humoral setions of nonspecific resistance of fish organisms affected by bacterial aeromonosis was ascertained.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81241717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol22.01.050
P. Mudroň
Subclinical laminitis is a multifactorial syndrome with complex pathophysiology and significant economic impact on dairy industry. One of the effects it has on the welfare of cattle is that it predisposes to the development of other lesions on the foot, predominantly sole ulcers and white line disease. The aim of the study was to investigate if the subclinical laminitis actually predisposes dairy cows to the development of sole ulcer. The data used in this study were obtained on 220 Holstein Friesian dairy cows during of routine orthopedic and claw trimming visits as well as within a period between them when lame cows were treated. All of the cows were kept on manure solid bedding and fed TMR. The average milk year yield was 9000 kg. At the first visit the cows with subclinical laminitis were identified (LS group). The occurrence of the sole ulcer was checked at the following visits in all the cows. Out of the 220 examined dairy cows, 10 were affected by the subclinical laminitis (LS group; 4.55 %). 69 dairy cows were free of claw diseases (control group; 31.4 %). In the following orthopaedic controls, the sole ulcer was detected in two cows from the LS group (20 %) and only in one cow in the control group (1.45 %). The difference in incidence of the sole ulcer between both groups was significant (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that there is an association between subclinical laminitis and prevalence of sole ulcer in dairy cows.
{"title":"Relationships between subclinical laminitis and sole ulcer in cows","authors":"P. Mudroň","doi":"10.15407/animbiol22.01.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol22.01.050","url":null,"abstract":"Subclinical laminitis is a multifactorial syndrome with complex pathophysiology and significant economic impact on dairy industry. One of the effects it has on the welfare of cattle is that it predisposes to the development of other lesions on the foot, predominantly sole ulcers and white line disease. The aim of the study was to investigate if the subclinical laminitis actually predisposes dairy cows to the development of sole ulcer. The data used in this study were obtained on 220 Holstein Friesian dairy cows during of routine orthopedic and claw trimming visits as well as within a period between them when lame cows were treated. All of the cows were kept on manure solid bedding and fed TMR. The average milk year yield was 9000 kg. At the first visit the cows with subclinical laminitis were identified (LS group). The occurrence of the sole ulcer was checked at the following visits in all the cows. Out of the 220 examined dairy cows, 10 were affected by the subclinical laminitis (LS group; 4.55 %). 69 dairy cows were free of claw diseases (control group; 31.4 %). In the following orthopaedic controls, the sole ulcer was detected in two cows from the LS group (20 %) and only in one cow in the control group (1.45 %). The difference in incidence of the sole ulcer between both groups was significant (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that there is an association between subclinical laminitis and prevalence of sole ulcer in dairy cows.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90754852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：