Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4873
F. Lessard
{"title":"Editorial Team and Reviewers | L'équipe éditoriale et relecteurs","authors":"F. Lessard","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4873","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125410224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4704
Étienne Tardif-Paradis
{"title":"Recension du livre Timepass: Youth, Class, and the Politics of Waiting in India de Craig Jeffrey","authors":"Étienne Tardif-Paradis","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4704","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"847 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116424093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4692
Dalia Zahreddine
Kent Roach’s Canadian Justice, Indigenous Injustice (2019) analyzes the highly divisive and contested acquittal of fifty-six-year-old white cattle farmer, Gerald Stanley, in the 2018 case involving the death of twenty-two-year-old Cree man, Colton Boushie. The book argues that this particular case highlights the striking disadvantages that Indigenous Peoples continue to face within the criminal justice system. However, though well intentioned, Roach’s book is not without its problems, and ultimately, fails to sufficiently prove that the root of Gerald Stanley’s acquittal was solely attributed to systemic racism or Indigenous victimization. The arguments, lacking Indigenous opinions and consultation, essentially devolved into a demonstration of Roach’s confirmation bias.
{"title":"Book Review of Canadian Justice, Indigenous Injustice by Kent Roach","authors":"Dalia Zahreddine","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v11i0.4692","url":null,"abstract":"Kent Roach’s Canadian Justice, Indigenous Injustice (2019) analyzes the highly divisive and contested acquittal of fifty-six-year-old white cattle farmer, Gerald Stanley, in the 2018 case involving the death of twenty-two-year-old Cree man, Colton Boushie. The book argues that this particular case highlights the striking disadvantages that Indigenous Peoples continue to face within the criminal justice system. However, though well intentioned, Roach’s book is not without its problems, and ultimately, fails to sufficiently prove that the root of Gerald Stanley’s acquittal was solely attributed to systemic racism or Indigenous victimization. The arguments, lacking Indigenous opinions and consultation, essentially devolved into a demonstration of Roach’s confirmation bias.","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129233525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4507
Amelia H. Arsenault, M. Murphy
{"title":"Foreword/Avant-Propos","authors":"Amelia H. Arsenault, M. Murphy","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4507","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123940191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4510
J. Bowness
There is a significant debate underway regarding the risks and rewards of foreign direct investment (FDI) for countries in the Global South. These discussions are particularly relevant to the people of Latin America, where the use of inward FDI as a mechanism to support economic development has had dramatic results, both positive and negative. One of the key works in the study of FDI is Robert I. Rotberg’s argument that FDI is critical to support the development of weak states; however, the applicability of this theory faces difficulty in the context of Latin America, where middle-income countries have extractive institutions (Rotberg, 2002). I use the cases of Mexico and Peru to demonstrate that for middle-income countries, extractive institutions can hamper the rewards of FDI and even exacerbate development problems or create new ones. In this regard, the sector of FDI will determine the nature of the impact. In states with extractive institutions, FDI in the natural resource sector is prone to stimulating social conflict. In states with extractive institutions, FDI in the manufacturing sector begets a situation of stagnated development, as the jobs that are introduced are of poor quality and low wages.
关于外国直接投资(FDI)对全球南方国家的风险和回报，目前正在进行一场重大辩论。这些讨论对拉丁美洲人民特别重要，在那里，利用外来外国直接投资作为支持经济发展的一种机制已经产生了积极和消极的显著结果。研究FDI的关键著作之一是罗伯特·罗特伯格(Robert I. Rotberg)的观点，即FDI对于支持弱国的发展至关重要;然而，这一理论的适用性在拉丁美洲的背景下面临困难，那里的中等收入国家有采掘制度(Rotberg, 2002)。我用墨西哥和秘鲁的例子来证明，对于中等收入国家来说，采掘机构可能会阻碍外国直接投资的回报，甚至会加剧发展问题或产生新的问题。在这方面，外国直接投资部门将决定影响的性质。在拥有采掘机构的国家，自然资源部门的外国直接投资容易引发社会冲突。在拥有采掘机构的邦，制造业的外国直接投资导致发展停滞，因为引进的工作质量差，工资低。
{"title":"Foreign Direct Investment and Extractive Institutions","authors":"J. Bowness","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4510","url":null,"abstract":"There is a significant debate underway regarding the risks and rewards of foreign direct investment (FDI) for countries in the Global South. These discussions are particularly relevant to the people of Latin America, where the use of inward FDI as a mechanism to support economic development has had dramatic results, both positive and negative. One of the key works in the study of FDI is Robert I. Rotberg’s argument that FDI is critical to support the development of weak states; however, the applicability of this theory faces difficulty in the context of Latin America, where middle-income countries have extractive institutions (Rotberg, 2002). I use the cases of Mexico and Peru to demonstrate that for middle-income countries, extractive institutions can hamper the rewards of FDI and even exacerbate development problems or create new ones. In this regard, the sector of FDI will determine the nature of the impact. In states with extractive institutions, FDI in the natural resource sector is prone to stimulating social conflict. In states with extractive institutions, FDI in the manufacturing sector begets a situation of stagnated development, as the jobs that are introduced are of poor quality and low wages.","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116590754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4512
N. Millot
Eighteen years after the first American drone strike, the US drone program now operates in a record-setting number of countries across the Middle East and Africa. This paper examines the Obama administration’s expansion of the US drone program through the lens of Ontological Security Theory, wherein states fulfill their need for security as a sense of being by engaging in uncertainty-reducing and identity-building international relationships, including dilemmatic conflicts. This paper argues that President Obama and his administration failed to adequately address the drone program’s domestic, constitutional, and international legal brokenness due to an ontological attachment to the morality behind the conduct of drone operations. In their public statements, administration officials rationalized the program as a medical tool eliminating “the cancerous tumor called an al Qaida terrorist” and presented drones as a morally superior alternative to the use of torture and of indefinite detention in Guantanamo Bay. As such, the Obama-era drone program existed both as an uncertainty reduction routine vis a vis the dilemmatic conflict of terrorism, as well as a reflexive, identity-building international relationship that established the program as a key element of the ‘forever war’ against al-Qaeda and set the stage for Trump-era program expansion. As this expansion proceeds, the program will only become further at odds with America’s long-term rational interests.
{"title":"A Source of Our Strength","authors":"N. Millot","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4512","url":null,"abstract":"Eighteen years after the first American drone strike, the US drone program now operates in a record-setting number of countries across the Middle East and Africa. This paper examines the Obama administration’s expansion of the US drone program through the lens of Ontological Security Theory, wherein states fulfill their need for security as a sense of being by engaging in uncertainty-reducing and identity-building international relationships, including dilemmatic conflicts. This paper argues that President Obama and his administration failed to adequately address the drone program’s domestic, constitutional, and international legal brokenness due to an ontological attachment to the morality behind the conduct of drone operations. In their public statements, administration officials rationalized the program as a medical tool eliminating “the cancerous tumor called an al Qaida terrorist” and presented drones as a morally superior alternative to the use of torture and of indefinite detention in Guantanamo Bay. As such, the Obama-era drone program existed both as an uncertainty reduction routine vis a vis the dilemmatic conflict of terrorism, as well as a reflexive, identity-building international relationship that established the program as a key element of the ‘forever war’ against al-Qaeda and set the stage for Trump-era program expansion. As this expansion proceeds, the program will only become further at odds with America’s long-term rational interests.","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128120327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4513
D. Ribi
Rising income inequality is a pressing political issue in Canada and internationally. Yet, policymakers in advanced economies have thus far failed to meaningfully address the issue. Tax policy is one of the primary tools available for governments to structure local distributive realities, but there is uncertainty regarding the ability of governments to take effective action in a globalized world economy. This policy brief puts forward viable reforms. The Canadian federal government can mitigate income inequality in Canada through targeted corporate and personal income tax reforms and a new approach to compliance enforcement.
{"title":"Closing the Gap","authors":"D. Ribi","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4513","url":null,"abstract":"Rising income inequality is a pressing political issue in Canada and internationally. Yet, policymakers in advanced economies have thus far failed to meaningfully address the issue. Tax policy is one of the primary tools available for governments to structure local distributive realities, but there is uncertainty regarding the ability of governments to take effective action in a globalized world economy. This policy brief puts forward viable reforms. The Canadian federal government can mitigate income inequality in Canada through targeted corporate and personal income tax reforms and a new approach to compliance enforcement.","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128049551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4511
Alexandre Madore
This analysis considers the importance of general strain theory (GST) in understanding contemporary far-right movements and violence involving white heterosexual men. General strain theory describes how objective and subjective strains can contribute to antisocial behaviours including terrorism. The mass murder committed by Anders Breivik in July 2011 in Norway will be considered as an application of this theory to terrorism. The analysis remains relevant, as evidenced by the most recent 2019 New Zealand mosque terrorism incidents. It begins with an overview of Breivik’s turbulent childhood and adulthood, marked by isolation and failed business ventures. Next, an outline of the July 2011 Norway attacks provides further context. After providing a detailed exploration of these attacks, this analysis will consider general strain theory in relation to the situation outlined above and it will be argued that perceived subjective and objective strain contributed to Breivik’s actions. More specifically, the subjective strains he experienced included social isolation and poor parental relationships. Conversely, objective strains provide an analysis of how Anders Breivik and others like him perceive their privileged position as being strained by migration and increasingly liberal gender norms. This analysis concludes with suggesting a role for social work in deescalating far right movements in Western liberal democracies.
{"title":"Anders Breivik","authors":"Alexandre Madore","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4511","url":null,"abstract":"This analysis considers the importance of general strain theory (GST) in understanding contemporary far-right movements and violence involving white heterosexual men. General strain theory describes how objective and subjective strains can contribute to antisocial behaviours including terrorism. The mass murder committed by Anders Breivik in July 2011 in Norway will be considered as an application of this theory to terrorism. The analysis remains relevant, as evidenced by the most recent 2019 New Zealand mosque terrorism incidents. It begins with an overview of Breivik’s turbulent childhood and adulthood, marked by isolation and failed business ventures. Next, an outline of the July 2011 Norway attacks provides further context. After providing a detailed exploration of these attacks, this analysis will consider general strain theory in relation to the situation outlined above and it will be argued that perceived subjective and objective strain contributed to Breivik’s actions. More specifically, the subjective strains he experienced included social isolation and poor parental relationships. Conversely, objective strains provide an analysis of how Anders Breivik and others like him perceive their privileged position as being strained by migration and increasingly liberal gender norms. This analysis concludes with suggesting a role for social work in deescalating far right movements in Western liberal democracies.","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134051697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4514
D. Steinert
In his latest book, The Jungle Grows Back: America and Our Imperiled World, Robert Kagan writes about the role that America’s global military engagement has played in forging and protecting this order. In short, he portrays such engagement as necessary to promote prosperity and calls for its continuation to ensure that liberal values are preserved. The book provides a significant contribution to the analysis of international politics by outlining the historical perspective of America’s role in global politics. Nevertheless, when defending America’s military undertaking, Kagan’s analysis fails to recognize the shortcomings it has had in recent years.
{"title":"Book Review - Robert Kagan's The Jungle Grows Back: America and Our Imperiled World","authors":"D. Steinert","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v10i0.4514","url":null,"abstract":"In his latest book, The Jungle Grows Back: America and Our Imperiled World, Robert Kagan writes about the role that America’s global military engagement has played in forging and protecting this order. In short, he portrays such engagement as necessary to promote prosperity and calls for its continuation to ensure that liberal values are preserved. The book provides a significant contribution to the analysis of international politics by outlining the historical perspective of America’s role in global politics. Nevertheless, when defending America’s military undertaking, Kagan’s analysis fails to recognize the shortcomings it has had in recent years.","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"508 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122215736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.18192/potentia.v9i0.4443
S. Shehwar
Transnational alternative policy groups (TAPGs) are alternative think tanks that mobilize knowledge into social movements and community action. These social movement actors may hold vast potential in correcting inequalities that have, arguably, been prominent during the recent wave of neoliberalism. However, the study of TAPGs is new and thus they are only recently emerging within academic literature. Here, the author contributes to literature on TAPGs, by comparing two TAPGs, from the Global North and South respectively, in order to explore their potential as social movement actors situated within a neoliberal hegemonic global system.
{"title":"Examining Alternative Knowledge Production","authors":"S. Shehwar","doi":"10.18192/potentia.v9i0.4443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18192/potentia.v9i0.4443","url":null,"abstract":"Transnational alternative policy groups (TAPGs) are alternative think tanks that mobilize knowledge into social movements and community action. These social movement actors may hold vast potential in correcting inequalities that have, arguably, been prominent during the recent wave of neoliberalism. However, the study of TAPGs is new and thus they are only recently emerging within academic literature. Here, the author contributes to literature on TAPGs, by comparing two TAPGs, from the Global North and South respectively, in order to explore their potential as social movement actors situated within a neoliberal hegemonic global system.","PeriodicalId":223759,"journal":{"name":"Potentia: Journal of International Affairs","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114323365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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