Adolescent drug abuse has become a serious problem in Taiwan. Therefore, the main purpose of this research was to develop a program for the high-risk adolescents and their parents to prevent adolescent substance abuse in Taipei County, Taiwan. The program named ”Family Together” focused on emotional management, communication, and adolescent substance abuse prevention. The features of the research include Family-based program, Evaluation, Alliance, Science-based, and Training (FEAST). Fifty high-risk students and thirty-four parents from three junior high schools in Taipei County participated in the program. The program includes six steps which are draw-up, coordination, training, implementation, evaluation, and dissemination. The Family Together program had been found to be effective. The program could improve the attitudes toward and knowledge of communication and the knowledge and skills regarding prevention of adolescent substance abuse among the parents. In addition, the program could improve the knowledge of and attitudes toward emotional management and communication, knowledge of substance abuse, and willingness to use refusal skills among the adolescents. The future efforts might focus on strengthening seed-teacher training program and involving general community adolescents and their parents to participate the program. Furthermore, suggestions for government to promote family-based program are also provided.
{"title":"Family Together: Developing a Family Educational Program against Drug Abuse in Taipei County","authors":"Ching-Mei Lee, Nae-Fang Miao, Huoey-Min Ho, Chih-Ning Lung, Hsiu-Chen Wei, Shiow-Huey Lin, Sieh-Hwa Lin","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200909.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200909.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescent drug abuse has become a serious problem in Taiwan. Therefore, the main purpose of this research was to develop a program for the high-risk adolescents and their parents to prevent adolescent substance abuse in Taipei County, Taiwan. The program named ”Family Together” focused on emotional management, communication, and adolescent substance abuse prevention. The features of the research include Family-based program, Evaluation, Alliance, Science-based, and Training (FEAST). Fifty high-risk students and thirty-four parents from three junior high schools in Taipei County participated in the program. The program includes six steps which are draw-up, coordination, training, implementation, evaluation, and dissemination. The Family Together program had been found to be effective. The program could improve the attitudes toward and knowledge of communication and the knowledge and skills regarding prevention of adolescent substance abuse among the parents. In addition, the program could improve the knowledge of and attitudes toward emotional management and communication, knowledge of substance abuse, and willingness to use refusal skills among the adolescents. The future efforts might focus on strengthening seed-teacher training program and involving general community adolescents and their parents to participate the program. Furthermore, suggestions for government to promote family-based program are also provided.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"234-235 1","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79024108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 27-year-old male presented with progressive dyspnea and productive cough with whitish sputum for several months. Severe central and peripheral cyanosis and leg edema were also noted. Right heart failure was diagnosed based on echocardiograph findings, and pulmonary thromboembolism was suspected due to elevated D-dimer level. Anti-phospholipid syndrome was diagnosed based on the elevation of anti-cardiolipin immunoglobulin G, and nifedipine, enoxaparin, furosemide, and continuous oxygen were given as initial treatment. Bilateral pulmonary fibrothorax was noted on Chest X-ray, and pulmonary tuberculosis was confirmed by positive sputum acid fast stain. The patient was discharged with improvement in dyspnea and cyanosis after isolation for anti-tuberculosis medication. Finally, his condition improved significantly during the year following hospitalization, and pulmonary artery pressure returned to normal after the complete anti-tuberculosis treatment course and long-term oral anticoagulant treatment. Consequently, prompt diagnosis and appropriate medication, including anti-TB medication, anticoagulant drug, and continuous oxygen, are essential to improve clinical prognosis of cor pulmonale due to reversible etiologies such as pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic pulmonary thromboembolism.
{"title":"A Patient of Anti-phospholipid Syndrome and Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Cor Pulmonale: A Case Report and Prospective Treatment","authors":"Zon-Min Lee, Ping-yu Lee, Cheng Cheng","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200812.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200812.0007","url":null,"abstract":"A 27-year-old male presented with progressive dyspnea and productive cough with whitish sputum for several months. Severe central and peripheral cyanosis and leg edema were also noted. Right heart failure was diagnosed based on echocardiograph findings, and pulmonary thromboembolism was suspected due to elevated D-dimer level. Anti-phospholipid syndrome was diagnosed based on the elevation of anti-cardiolipin immunoglobulin G, and nifedipine, enoxaparin, furosemide, and continuous oxygen were given as initial treatment. Bilateral pulmonary fibrothorax was noted on Chest X-ray, and pulmonary tuberculosis was confirmed by positive sputum acid fast stain. The patient was discharged with improvement in dyspnea and cyanosis after isolation for anti-tuberculosis medication. Finally, his condition improved significantly during the year following hospitalization, and pulmonary artery pressure returned to normal after the complete anti-tuberculosis treatment course and long-term oral anticoagulant treatment. Consequently, prompt diagnosis and appropriate medication, including anti-TB medication, anticoagulant drug, and continuous oxygen, are essential to improve clinical prognosis of cor pulmonale due to reversible etiologies such as pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic pulmonary thromboembolism.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91168001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alcohol Tonic Solutions (ATS) is one kind of drugs which main components include amino acids and B-complex vitamins, and contain 8% alcohol by volume. The usage direction is to take 30 mL to 40 mL threes times a day as 'nutrition supplement.' However, misunderstandings have caused the misuse of ATS such as to freshen up but overlook the potential risk of overuse. This study focused on the volume of ATS intake, to certain the security when people use it. We recruited 16 male and 16 female volunteer subjects. Their breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) was examined by Roadside Breath Tester IV. Each subject had ATS test under 12 conditions: before or after meal, subjects would take ATS 40 mL, 80 mL, and 120 mL with physical exercise 15 minutes or not. The results showed after meal BrAC was lower than before meal BrAC. BrAC was lower in subjects doing physical exercise after drinking ATS than those without physical exercise. Using multiple regression analysis (R^2=0.56), the BrAC significantly decreased in subjects with higher weight, higher frequency of drinking, meal taken, and physical exercise. Our finding shows the volume-dependent relationship between BrAC and volume of ATS. Also, taking ATS after meal with physical exercise related to lower BrAC.
{"title":"Drug Safety of Consumers Taking Alcohol Tonic Solutions","authors":"C. Yang, C. Hsieh, Weng‐Foung Huang","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200812.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200812.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol Tonic Solutions (ATS) is one kind of drugs which main components include amino acids and B-complex vitamins, and contain 8% alcohol by volume. The usage direction is to take 30 mL to 40 mL threes times a day as 'nutrition supplement.' However, misunderstandings have caused the misuse of ATS such as to freshen up but overlook the potential risk of overuse. This study focused on the volume of ATS intake, to certain the security when people use it. We recruited 16 male and 16 female volunteer subjects. Their breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) was examined by Roadside Breath Tester IV. Each subject had ATS test under 12 conditions: before or after meal, subjects would take ATS 40 mL, 80 mL, and 120 mL with physical exercise 15 minutes or not. The results showed after meal BrAC was lower than before meal BrAC. BrAC was lower in subjects doing physical exercise after drinking ATS than those without physical exercise. Using multiple regression analysis (R^2=0.56), the BrAC significantly decreased in subjects with higher weight, higher frequency of drinking, meal taken, and physical exercise. Our finding shows the volume-dependent relationship between BrAC and volume of ATS. Also, taking ATS after meal with physical exercise related to lower BrAC.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78325106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The In vitro biotransformation of bepridil (Bp) (Vascor(superscript ®)), a calcium entry blocker, was conducted after 0 min and 60 min incubations with rat hepatic S9 fraction in the presence of an NADPH-generating system. Unchanged Bp (14% of the sample) plus 21 metabolites from the 60 min incubation were profiled, quantified, and tentatively identified on the basis of API-MS and MS/MS data. The formation of Bp metabolites are via the following eight metabolic pathways: A. phenylhydroxylation, B. alkylhydroxylation, C. pyrrolidyl oxidation, D. dehydration, E. N-debenzylation, F. N-dealkylation, G. O-dealkylation, and H. N-oxidation. Pathways A to D formed 10 mayor/moderate/minor metabolites, OH-phenyl-Bp (M1, 10% of the sample), OH-isobutyl-Bp (M2, 5%), OH-pyrrolidyl-Bp (M3, 4%) and its dehydrated product (M8, 14%), OH-Ph-OH-pyrrolidyl- Bp (M4, 7%), OH-Ph-OH-isobutyl-Bp (M5, 6%), oxo-pyrrolidyl-Bp (M6, 3%), OH-Phoxo-pyrrolidyl-Bp (M7, 2%), triOH-Bp (M9, 3%), and diOH-oxo-Bp (M10, 2%). Pathway E produced N-desbenzyl-Bp (M 11, 2%); in conjunction with pathways A-C formed 4 minor oxidized metabolites of M11, M13, M15-M17 (each, 1-3%). Pathway F formed a minor N-desisobutyl-Bp (MI2, 4%); in conjunction with pathways A and C produced 4 moderate/minor/trace oxidized metabolites of M12 (4%), M14 (6%) and M18-M20 (each, ＜1-4%). Pathway H produced Bp-Noxide (3%) as an artifact. In general, rat appeared to metabolize Bp extensively in this hepatic system.
{"title":"In Vitro Biotransformation of Bepridil, a Calcium Entry Blocker, in the Rat Hepatic System","authors":"W. Wu, L. A. Mckown","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200812.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200812.0013","url":null,"abstract":"The In vitro biotransformation of bepridil (Bp) (Vascor(superscript ®)), a calcium entry blocker, was conducted after 0 min and 60 min incubations with rat hepatic S9 fraction in the presence of an NADPH-generating system. Unchanged Bp (14% of the sample) plus 21 metabolites from the 60 min incubation were profiled, quantified, and tentatively identified on the basis of API-MS and MS/MS data. The formation of Bp metabolites are via the following eight metabolic pathways: A. phenylhydroxylation, B. alkylhydroxylation, C. pyrrolidyl oxidation, D. dehydration, E. N-debenzylation, F. N-dealkylation, G. O-dealkylation, and H. N-oxidation. Pathways A to D formed 10 mayor/moderate/minor metabolites, OH-phenyl-Bp (M1, 10% of the sample), OH-isobutyl-Bp (M2, 5%), OH-pyrrolidyl-Bp (M3, 4%) and its dehydrated product (M8, 14%), OH-Ph-OH-pyrrolidyl- Bp (M4, 7%), OH-Ph-OH-isobutyl-Bp (M5, 6%), oxo-pyrrolidyl-Bp (M6, 3%), OH-Phoxo-pyrrolidyl-Bp (M7, 2%), triOH-Bp (M9, 3%), and diOH-oxo-Bp (M10, 2%). Pathway E produced N-desbenzyl-Bp (M 11, 2%); in conjunction with pathways A-C formed 4 minor oxidized metabolites of M11, M13, M15-M17 (each, 1-3%). Pathway F formed a minor N-desisobutyl-Bp (MI2, 4%); in conjunction with pathways A and C produced 4 moderate/minor/trace oxidized metabolites of M12 (4%), M14 (6%) and M18-M20 (each, ＜1-4%). Pathway H produced Bp-Noxide (3%) as an artifact. In general, rat appeared to metabolize Bp extensively in this hepatic system.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"83 1","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90757829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two critically ill patients presented a rapidly drop of serum valproic acid concentrations with the concomitant use of carbapenem antibiotics (meropenem and imipenem). Previously well-controlled seizure episodes reoccurred after adding carbapenem antibiotics for treating nosocomial infections. The lowering of serum levels of valproic acid was observed even at an increasing dose of valproic acid. The seizure episodes were subsided and the serum concentrations of valproic acid returned to therapeutic levels when carbapenems were discontinued. The literature reported potential mechanisms of the interaction between valproic acid and carbapenems were reviewed.
{"title":"Lowering Serum Concentration of Valproic Acid with the Concomitant Use of Carbapenems","authors":"Chia C. Wang, Ingrid L. Chen, Yu-Chin Lily Wang","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200812.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200812.0033","url":null,"abstract":"Two critically ill patients presented a rapidly drop of serum valproic acid concentrations with the concomitant use of carbapenem antibiotics (meropenem and imipenem). Previously well-controlled seizure episodes reoccurred after adding carbapenem antibiotics for treating nosocomial infections. The lowering of serum levels of valproic acid was observed even at an increasing dose of valproic acid. The seizure episodes were subsided and the serum concentrations of valproic acid returned to therapeutic levels when carbapenems were discontinued. The literature reported potential mechanisms of the interaction between valproic acid and carbapenems were reviewed.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"61 1","pages":"33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72562604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. M. Chen, Mei‐Hua Hsu, Li‐Jiau Huang, J. Chung, Hung-Yi Chen, F. Lung, C. Hung, M. Liau, S. Kuo
A series of N-phenylacetyl-D-amino acid derivatives were prepared and tested against HL-60 cells for differentiation and antiproliferation activities. Among them, five compounds, phenylacetyl-D-valine (17), phenylacetyl-D-leucine (18), phenylacetyl-D-Isoleucine (19), phenylacetyl-D-phenylalanine (21) and phenylacetyl-D-phenylglycine (22) were found to significantly potentiate the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced differentiation. The three most effective compounds, 17, 18, and 19 were investigated to ascertain their effects on the cell cycle and were found to behave like ATRA in prohibiting the entry into S phase and G2/M phase. Our findings suggest that when administered together with ATRA, compounds 17, 18, and 19 may have therapeutically beneficial effect in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).
制备了一系列n -苯基乙酰- d -氨基酸衍生物，并对HL-60细胞进行了分化和抗增殖活性试验。其中，苯乙酰基- d -缬氨酸(17)、苯乙酰基- d -亮氨酸(18)、苯乙酰基- d -异亮氨酸(19)、苯乙酰基- d -苯丙氨酸(21)和苯乙酰基- d -苯甘氨酸(22)5种化合物能显著增强全反式维甲酸(ATRA)诱导的分化。研究了三种最有效的化合物17、18和19，以确定它们对细胞周期的影响，发现它们的行为与ATRA类似，可以阻止细胞进入S期和G2/M期。我们的研究结果表明，当与ATRA一起使用时，化合物17、18和19可能对治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)具有有益的治疗效果。
{"title":"Effect of N-phenylacetyl L-amino acids on the differentiation of HL-60 cells","authors":"H. M. Chen, Mei‐Hua Hsu, Li‐Jiau Huang, J. Chung, Hung-Yi Chen, F. Lung, C. Hung, M. Liau, S. Kuo","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200812.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200812.0051","url":null,"abstract":"A series of N-phenylacetyl-D-amino acid derivatives were prepared and tested against HL-60 cells for differentiation and antiproliferation activities. Among them, five compounds, phenylacetyl-D-valine (17), phenylacetyl-D-leucine (18), phenylacetyl-D-Isoleucine (19), phenylacetyl-D-phenylalanine (21) and phenylacetyl-D-phenylglycine (22) were found to significantly potentiate the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced differentiation. The three most effective compounds, 17, 18, and 19 were investigated to ascertain their effects on the cell cycle and were found to behave like ATRA in prohibiting the entry into S phase and G2/M phase. Our findings suggest that when administered together with ATRA, compounds 17, 18, and 19 may have therapeutically beneficial effect in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"157-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84140979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A series of 2,7-bis(aminoalkanamido) anthraquinones have been synthesized by treatment of the corresponding bis (haloalkanamido) derivatives with appropriate amines. We have previously described a series of 1,4-,1,5-,1,8- and 2,6-difunctionalized anthraquinones, which exhibit different spectra of potency, together with human telomerase evaluation. A representative compounds in the series have been examined by their NMR spectroscopic study and some indications of structural identification have been discerned. The present study details the preparation of further, distinct series of symmetrical substituent on the 2,7-position regioisomeric difunctionalized amidoanthraquinone and SAR optimization will be reported in due course.
{"title":"A Concise Paradigm for the Construction of Amide Linker of 2,7-Diamidoanthraquinone Derivatives as Potential Telomerase Inhibitors","authors":"Hsu-Shan Huang, Jing-Jer Lin, K. Huang, Cho-Lu Li","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200712.0179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200712.0179","url":null,"abstract":"A series of 2,7-bis(aminoalkanamido) anthraquinones have been synthesized by treatment of the corresponding bis (haloalkanamido) derivatives with appropriate amines. We have previously described a series of 1,4-,1,5-,1,8- and 2,6-difunctionalized anthraquinones, which exhibit different spectra of potency, together with human telomerase evaluation. A representative compounds in the series have been examined by their NMR spectroscopic study and some indications of structural identification have been discerned. The present study details the preparation of further, distinct series of symmetrical substituent on the 2,7-position regioisomeric difunctionalized amidoanthraquinone and SAR optimization will be reported in due course.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"118 1","pages":"179-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77993032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two Spectrophotometric techniques for resolving a binary mixture of Naproxen (NAP) and Diflunisal (DIF) and a ternary mixture of Orphenadrine (ORPH) citrate, caffeine (CAF) and Aspirin (ASP) are presented. These techniques are based on the use of derivative and derivative-ratio spectrophotometry for the determination of these selected mixtures. For the NAP/DIF mixture, the first method involves the use of derivative spectrophotometry with the zero crossing technique where DIF was determined using 1D amplitude (Δλ=6) at 321 nm, while NAP was determined using 3D amplitude (Δλ=6) at 302 nm. The second method involves the application of the ratio spectra first derivative spectrophotometry where two points have been used for the quantitation of each compound. For the determination of DIF, NAP was used as divisor and the 1DD (Δλ=2) values at 242.9 nm were plotted against DIF concentration; while by using DIF as divisor the 1DD (Δλ=2) amplitudes at 276.6 nm were found to be proportional to NAP concentration. For the ORPH/CAF/ASP mixture, the analysis of this ternary mixture was achieved by solvent extraction of ASP then the remaining mixture of ORPH and CAF was determined by using the two spectrophotometric techniques. The first method involves the use of derivative spectrophotometry with the zero crossing technique where ORPH was determined using 1D amplitude (Δλ=6) at 241.1 nm, while CAF was determined using 1D amplitude (Δλ=6) at 257 nm. The second method includes the application of the ratio spectra first derivative spectrophotometry where two points have been used for the quantitation of each compound. For the determination of ORPH, CAF was used as divisor and the 1DD (Δλ=2) values at 229.4 nm were plotted against ORPH concentration; while by using ORPH as divisor the 1DD (Δλ=2) amplitudes at 236 nm were found to be proportional to CAF concentration. ASP was easily determined in 0.1 M HCl by direct spectrophotometric measurements (0D) of the absorbance at λ(superscript max)=301.4 nm.
{"title":"Application of Derivative and Derivative-ratio Spectrophotometry in the Determination of a Binary Mixture of Naproxen and Diflunisal and a Ternary Mixture of Orphenadrine, Caffeine and Aspirin","authors":"M. Abdel-Hay, S. Galal, M. Ragab","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200712.0157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200712.0157","url":null,"abstract":"Two Spectrophotometric techniques for resolving a binary mixture of Naproxen (NAP) and Diflunisal (DIF) and a ternary mixture of Orphenadrine (ORPH) citrate, caffeine (CAF) and Aspirin (ASP) are presented. These techniques are based on the use of derivative and derivative-ratio spectrophotometry for the determination of these selected mixtures. For the NAP/DIF mixture, the first method involves the use of derivative spectrophotometry with the zero crossing technique where DIF was determined using 1D amplitude (Δλ=6) at 321 nm, while NAP was determined using 3D amplitude (Δλ=6) at 302 nm. The second method involves the application of the ratio spectra first derivative spectrophotometry where two points have been used for the quantitation of each compound. For the determination of DIF, NAP was used as divisor and the 1DD (Δλ=2) values at 242.9 nm were plotted against DIF concentration; while by using DIF as divisor the 1DD (Δλ=2) amplitudes at 276.6 nm were found to be proportional to NAP concentration. For the ORPH/CAF/ASP mixture, the analysis of this ternary mixture was achieved by solvent extraction of ASP then the remaining mixture of ORPH and CAF was determined by using the two spectrophotometric techniques. The first method involves the use of derivative spectrophotometry with the zero crossing technique where ORPH was determined using 1D amplitude (Δλ=6) at 241.1 nm, while CAF was determined using 1D amplitude (Δλ=6) at 257 nm. The second method includes the application of the ratio spectra first derivative spectrophotometry where two points have been used for the quantitation of each compound. For the determination of ORPH, CAF was used as divisor and the 1DD (Δλ=2) values at 229.4 nm were plotted against ORPH concentration; while by using ORPH as divisor the 1DD (Δλ=2) amplitudes at 236 nm were found to be proportional to CAF concentration. ASP was easily determined in 0.1 M HCl by direct spectrophotometric measurements (0D) of the absorbance at λ(superscript max)=301.4 nm.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"157-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85097470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-Chuan Yen, C. Yao, Li-Shian Shi, Chien-Yi Pai, Wen-liang Chang, Hang-Ching Lin
A new cycloartane triterpenoid, cyclolaudenyl acetate (2), together with three known compounds, were isolated fromthe rhizome of Cyathea lepifera (J. Sm.) Copel. (Cyatheacea). Its structure was established on the basis of spectral evidence. Cyclolaudenol (1) and cyclolaudenyl acetate (2) showed a significant against adenovirus in vitro at dose of 50 and 10 g/mL, respectively.
{"title":"Anti-adenovirus Cycloartane Triterpenoids from the Rhizome of Cyathea lepifera","authors":"I-Chuan Yen, C. Yao, Li-Shian Shi, Chien-Yi Pai, Wen-liang Chang, Hang-Ching Lin","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200712.0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200712.0189","url":null,"abstract":"A new cycloartane triterpenoid, cyclolaudenyl acetate (2), together with three known compounds, were isolated fromthe rhizome of Cyathea lepifera (J. Sm.) Copel. (Cyatheacea). Its structure was established on the basis of spectral evidence. Cyclolaudenol (1) and cyclolaudenyl acetate (2) showed a significant against adenovirus in vitro at dose of 50 and 10 g/mL, respectively.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"104 1","pages":"189-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79185325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The in vitro metabolism of pyrido [1,2α] benzimidazole (PBI) analog (RWJ-51204), an anxiolytic agent, was investigated after incubation with human microsomes and 7 human microsomes containing individual human cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4, in the presence of NADPH-generating system. Unchanged RWJ-51204 (99.8-85.9% of the sample) plus 2 phenolic metabolites (M1 and M2) were profiled, quantified and tentatively identified based on the LC/API-MS and MS/MS data. The formation of RWJ-51204 metabolites are via 2 phenylhydroxylation pathways, which formed 4-hydroxyphenyl-RWJ-51204 (M1, 0.2-9.5%) and hydroxy-benzimidazole-RWJ-51204 (M2, 0.1-4.6%). CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 are mainly responsible for the formation of two oxidized metabolites, M1 and M2.
{"title":"Metabolism of the New Anxiolytic Agent, a Pyrido [1,2α] Benzimidazole (PBI) Analog (RWJ-51204): Identification of Cytochrome P450 Isoforms Mediated in the Human Microsomal Metabolism","authors":"W. Wu, L. A. Mckown","doi":"10.7019/TPJ.200712.0171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/TPJ.200712.0171","url":null,"abstract":"The in vitro metabolism of pyrido [1,2α] benzimidazole (PBI) analog (RWJ-51204), an anxiolytic agent, was investigated after incubation with human microsomes and 7 human microsomes containing individual human cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4, in the presence of NADPH-generating system. Unchanged RWJ-51204 (99.8-85.9% of the sample) plus 2 phenolic metabolites (M1 and M2) were profiled, quantified and tentatively identified based on the LC/API-MS and MS/MS data. The formation of RWJ-51204 metabolites are via 2 phenylhydroxylation pathways, which formed 4-hydroxyphenyl-RWJ-51204 (M1, 0.2-9.5%) and hydroxy-benzimidazole-RWJ-51204 (M2, 0.1-4.6%). CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 are mainly responsible for the formation of two oxidized metabolites, M1 and M2.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"171-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83229773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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