. From the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the aerial part of Pterocypsela formosana, ten com… pounds were isolated and identified including apigenin (1), luteolin (2), caffeic acid (3), 3,5-di-Ocaaffeoylquinic acid (4), quercetin-3-0-β-glucoside (5), apigenin-7-0-β-glucuronide (6), aplgenm7-0-p-galacturonide (7), luteolin-7-0-p-glucuronide (8), luteolin-7-0-β-galacturonide (9) and luteolin-7-0-β-glucoside (10). The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic and chemical analysis.
{"title":"Chemical Constituents from Pterocypsela Formosana","authors":"Lie-Chwen Lin, C. Chou","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200206.0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200206.0181","url":null,"abstract":". From the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the aerial part of Pterocypsela formosana, ten com… pounds were isolated and identified including apigenin (1), luteolin (2), caffeic acid (3), 3,5-di-Ocaaffeoylquinic acid (4), quercetin-3-0-β-glucoside (5), apigenin-7-0-β-glucuronide (6), aplgenm7-0-p-galacturonide (7), luteolin-7-0-p-glucuronide (8), luteolin-7-0-β-galacturonide (9) and luteolin-7-0-β-glucoside (10). The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic and chemical analysis.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"7 4 1","pages":"181-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81153026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Annonaceous plants are well known as folk medicines for the treatment of septic infections, coughing, hepatomegaly, hepatospleenomegaly, diarrhea and cancers. In the last two decades, eighteen of the Formosan Annonaceous plants (Annona cherimola, A. glabra, A. montana A. muricata, A. reticulata, A. squamosa, A. artemoya (A. cherimola x squamosa), A. purpurea, Artabotrys hexaptalus, A. uncinatus, Cananga odorata, Fissistigma glaucescens, F. oldhamii, Goniothalamus amuyon, Polyalthia longifolia, P. longifolia” Pendula”, Rollinia mucosa, and Uvaria rufa) and one plant collected from Mainland China, F. balansae, have been studied. The chemical constituents were isolated and screened for their biological effects (cardiovascular, cytotoxic and other pharmacological activities). Some of the compounds are potentially useful for the further development of clinical drugs.
{"title":"Chemical Constituents and Their Pharmacological Activities from Formosan Annonaceous Plants","authors":"R. Kuo, F. Chang, Y. Wu","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200206.0155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200206.0155","url":null,"abstract":"The Annonaceous plants are well known as folk medicines for the treatment of septic infections, coughing, hepatomegaly, hepatospleenomegaly, diarrhea and cancers. In the last two decades, eighteen of the Formosan Annonaceous plants (Annona cherimola, A. glabra, A. montana A. muricata, A. reticulata, A. squamosa, A. artemoya (A. cherimola x squamosa), A. purpurea, Artabotrys hexaptalus, A. uncinatus, Cananga odorata, Fissistigma glaucescens, F. oldhamii, Goniothalamus amuyon, Polyalthia longifolia, P. longifolia” Pendula”, Rollinia mucosa, and Uvaria rufa) and one plant collected from Mainland China, F. balansae, have been studied. The chemical constituents were isolated and screened for their biological effects (cardiovascular, cytotoxic and other pharmacological activities). Some of the compounds are potentially useful for the further development of clinical drugs.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"155-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85049618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Four fJavones, luteolin (1), tricin (2), luteolin 4/-O-β-D-glucoside (3) and luteolin 7-0-β-D-glucoside (4), four caffeoylquinates, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (5), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (6), ethyl 3,4-dicaffeoylquinate (7) and chlorogenic acid (8), as well as esculetin (9), and two catechols, caffeic acid (10) and protocatechuic acid (11), were isolated from the aerial parts of Vernonia patula. Their structures were determined by spectral methods and/or comparison with authentic samples.
从褐藻的空中部位分离得到木犀草素(1)、tricin(2)、木犀草素4/- 0-β- d -葡萄糖苷(3)和木犀草素7-0-β- d -葡萄糖苷(4)、4个咖啡基奎宁酸(5)、4,5-二咖啡基奎宁酸(6)、3,4-二咖啡基奎宁酸乙酯(7)和绿原酸(8)，以及木犀草素(9)和2个儿茶酚(咖啡酸(10)和原儿茶酸(11)。它们的结构通过光谱方法和/或与真实样品的比较来确定。
{"title":"Chemica Constituents of Vernonia patula","authors":"Yun-Lian Lin, Wan-Yi Wang","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200206.0187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200206.0187","url":null,"abstract":"Four fJavones, luteolin (1), tricin (2), luteolin 4/-O-β-D-glucoside (3) and luteolin 7-0-β-D-glucoside (4), four caffeoylquinates, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (5), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (6), ethyl 3,4-dicaffeoylquinate (7) and chlorogenic acid (8), as well as esculetin (9), and two catechols, caffeic acid (10) and protocatechuic acid (11), were isolated from the aerial parts of Vernonia patula. Their structures were determined by spectral methods and/or comparison with authentic samples.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"187-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84805342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tsai, Yaw-Bin Huang, Pao-chu Wu, Huixia Chen, Y. Tsai
Progressing stroke is a devastating condition, but neither a good nor a safe predictor has been determined in previous studies. Elevated levels of excitatory amino acid (glutamate) and inhibitory amino acid (glycine) have been detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or brain tissue after acute ischemic stroke by microdialysis studies in humans. However which amino acid is increased in plasma and the duration of elevation after acute ischemic stroke is still unclear in spite of the fact that there is a positive correlation of glutamate concentrations between CSF and plasma in progressing strokes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate these amino acids in plasma could predict acute ischemic stroke or progression of ischemic strokes. The study included 22 ischemic stroke patients admitted within 24 hours of acute ischemic stroke onset. The plasma concentrations of glutamate and glycine were determined by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography), Progression was defined as when the NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale) rose by three or more points within 48 hours after acute ischemic stroke. The infarction area was calculated from brain CT (brain computerized tomography) or brain MRI (magnetic resonance image) when the infarct was not visible on brain CT. Our study found a rapid elevation of glycine but not glutamate in plasma during stroke progression. Significantly lower Aue (area under plasma concentration –time curve) levels of glutamate and glycine during progression was also found in large vessel infarction including middle cerebral artery occlusion or internal carotid artery occlusion. This indicates that plasma glycine may be a good and non-invasive predictor for progressing stroke. Low Ave of plasma glutamate and glycine in progressing stroke may indicate a large vessel infarct and act as a poor prognostic factor in acute ischemic stroke.
{"title":"Monitoring Amino Acid Neurotransmitters in Plasma Profiles and Predicting Early Progression of Ischemic Stroke","authors":"M. Tsai, Yaw-Bin Huang, Pao-chu Wu, Huixia Chen, Y. Tsai","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200206.0215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200206.0215","url":null,"abstract":"Progressing stroke is a devastating condition, but neither a good nor a safe predictor has been determined in previous studies. Elevated levels of excitatory amino acid (glutamate) and inhibitory amino acid (glycine) have been detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or brain tissue after acute ischemic stroke by microdialysis studies in humans. However which amino acid is increased in plasma and the duration of elevation after acute ischemic stroke is still unclear in spite of the fact that there is a positive correlation of glutamate concentrations between CSF and plasma in progressing strokes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate these amino acids in plasma could predict acute ischemic stroke or progression of ischemic strokes. The study included 22 ischemic stroke patients admitted within 24 hours of acute ischemic stroke onset. The plasma concentrations of glutamate and glycine were determined by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography), Progression was defined as when the NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale) rose by three or more points within 48 hours after acute ischemic stroke. The infarction area was calculated from brain CT (brain computerized tomography) or brain MRI (magnetic resonance image) when the infarct was not visible on brain CT. Our study found a rapid elevation of glycine but not glutamate in plasma during stroke progression. Significantly lower Aue (area under plasma concentration –time curve) levels of glutamate and glycine during progression was also found in large vessel infarction including middle cerebral artery occlusion or internal carotid artery occlusion. This indicates that plasma glycine may be a good and non-invasive predictor for progressing stroke. Low Ave of plasma glutamate and glycine in progressing stroke may indicate a large vessel infarct and act as a poor prognostic factor in acute ischemic stroke.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80722963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Lin, Kazutaka Nishikawa, Tzu-Hua Wu, K. Ishimaru
This article describes the antioxidative activity of fourteen phenolics isolated from S. baicalensis Georgi (Labiatae). Flavanone glycosides possessing a 3,3’ ,4’ – trihydroxy group displayed the strongest antioxidative activity. Acteoside (17) with two ortho diphenolic moieties showed the strongest radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 18.3IlM).
{"title":"Antioxidative and Free Radical Scavenging Activites of Phenolics from Scutellaria baicalensis","authors":"T. Lin, Kazutaka Nishikawa, Tzu-Hua Wu, K. Ishimaru","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200206.0193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200206.0193","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the antioxidative activity of fourteen phenolics isolated from S. baicalensis Georgi (Labiatae). Flavanone glycosides possessing a 3,3’ ,4’ – trihydroxy group displayed the strongest antioxidative activity. Acteoside (17) with two ortho diphenolic moieties showed the strongest radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 18.3IlM).","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"193-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88530876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Six biologically active flavonoids were isolated from the fruit peels of Citrus deliciosa. Analysis off their spectral data (UV, MS, 1H, 13C and 2D NMR experiments) confirmed their structures as four polymethoxyflavones (5-0-demethylnobiletin 1; tangeritin 2; nobiletin 3 and 5,7,8,3’,4’-pentamethoxyflavone 4) as well as two flavanone glycosides (hesperetin-7-0-glucoside 5 and hesperidin 6). The IH NMR assignment of3 and the isolation of 5 from Rutaceae is reported for the first time. The isolated flavonoids displayed antibacterial activities against a series of G +ve and G –ve bacteria. The chemotaxonomic value of the present findings has been verified, and some of the isolated flavonoids may provide good markers for chemotaxonomical studies of Citrus species.
{"title":"Bioactive Polymethoxyflavones and Flavanone Glycosides from the Peels of Citrus Deliciosa","authors":"Azza M. EI-Shafae","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200206.0199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200206.0199","url":null,"abstract":"Six biologically active flavonoids were isolated from the fruit peels of Citrus deliciosa. Analysis off their spectral data (UV, MS, 1H, 13C and 2D NMR experiments) confirmed their structures as four polymethoxyflavones (5-0-demethylnobiletin 1; tangeritin 2; nobiletin 3 and 5,7,8,3’,4’-pentamethoxyflavone 4) as well as two flavanone glycosides (hesperetin-7-0-glucoside 5 and hesperidin 6). The IH NMR assignment of3 and the isolation of 5 from Rutaceae is reported for the first time. The isolated flavonoids displayed antibacterial activities against a series of G +ve and G –ve bacteria. The chemotaxonomic value of the present findings has been verified, and some of the isolated flavonoids may provide good markers for chemotaxonomical studies of Citrus species.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73671665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ya‐Ching Shen, Kuang-Liang Lo, Y. Kuo, R. Chakraborty
Eight polycyclic quinines and hydroquinones were isolated from marine sponge Xestospongia spp. They are halenaquinone (1), halenaquinol (2), 14-methoxyxestoquinone (3), 15-methoxyxes-toquinone(4), xestoquinone (5), 15-chloro-14-hydroxyxestoquinone (6), adociaquinone A (7) and adociaquinone B (8). Biological screening revealed that compounds 7 and 8 possessed in vitro cytotoxicity against KB 16 and HEP-3B tumor cell lines.
{"title":"Polycyclic Quinones and Hydroquinones, Antitumor Constituents from Taiwanese Marine Sponge Xestospongia Sp","authors":"Ya‐Ching Shen, Kuang-Liang Lo, Y. Kuo, R. Chakraborty","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200206.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200206.0207","url":null,"abstract":"Eight polycyclic quinines and hydroquinones were isolated from marine sponge Xestospongia spp. They are halenaquinone (1), halenaquinol (2), 14-methoxyxestoquinone (3), 15-methoxyxes-toquinone(4), xestoquinone (5), 15-chloro-14-hydroxyxestoquinone (6), adociaquinone A (7) and adociaquinone B (8). Biological screening revealed that compounds 7 and 8 possessed in vitro cytotoxicity against KB 16 and HEP-3B tumor cell lines.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":"207-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81575476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many beneficial effects of limonoids have reported in the literature. This paper reviews the range of limonoids that are found in nature and summarizes known beneficial effects and other relevant biochemical effects. The chemical structure and physical chemical properties (with SAR analysis) of the limonoids and a number of known P-glycoprotein substrates are also provided. The limonoids selected lie within the 3D (MW, Clogp, Hb) parameter-frame-setting of known I P-glycoprotein substrates so could potentially be substrates themselves. Based on phytochemical and SAR analyses of available literature data, it is suggested that limonoids found in citrus fruits and other Chinese herbs, when consumed in moderate amount are beneficial to health and may have preventive effect on carcinogenesis. However, due to potential interactions of limonoids with a wide range of drugs via P-glycoprotein and other drugmeetabolizing enzyme systems, it is advisable not to take citrus juices with drugs simultaneously.
{"title":"Phytochemical and SAR Analyses of Limonoids in Citrus and Chinese Herbs: Their Benefits and Risks of Drug Interactions","authors":"E. Lien, Ting Wang, L. L. Lien","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200204.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200204.0077","url":null,"abstract":"Many beneficial effects of limonoids have reported in the literature. This paper reviews the range of limonoids that are found in nature and summarizes known beneficial effects and other relevant biochemical effects. The chemical structure and physical chemical properties (with SAR analysis) of the limonoids and a number of known P-glycoprotein substrates are also provided. The limonoids selected lie within the 3D (MW, Clogp, Hb) parameter-frame-setting of known I P-glycoprotein substrates so could potentially be substrates themselves. Based on phytochemical and SAR analyses of available literature data, it is suggested that limonoids found in citrus fruits and other Chinese herbs, when consumed in moderate amount are beneficial to health and may have preventive effect on carcinogenesis. However, due to potential interactions of limonoids with a wide range of drugs via P-glycoprotein and other drugmeetabolizing enzyme systems, it is advisable not to take citrus juices with drugs simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"77-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90493380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photooxygenation reactions of diosgenin (t) in the presence of TPP (tetraphenylporphin) or RB (rose bengal) as singlet oxygen sensitizers in different solvents gave 5-hydroperoxy-spirost-6enne-3β-01 (2). Photo-rearrangement of 2 in benzene gave spirost-5-ene-3β-ol-7-one (3), whereas in ethanol the furostane derivative (4) was obtained.
{"title":"Some Photochemical Studies on the Natural Sapogenin \"Diosgenin\"","authors":"E. Elgendy","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200202.0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200202.0057","url":null,"abstract":"Photooxygenation reactions of diosgenin (t) in the presence of TPP (tetraphenylporphin) or RB (rose bengal) as singlet oxygen sensitizers in different solvents gave 5-hydroperoxy-spirost-6enne-3β-01 (2). Photo-rearrangement of 2 in benzene gave spirost-5-ene-3β-ol-7-one (3), whereas in ethanol the furostane derivative (4) was obtained.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"208 1","pages":"57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80515355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two new phenyl compounds, methyl 2, 5-dimethoxy-3, 4-methylenedioxybeenzoate (la) and 4, 5-dimethoxy-2,3-methylenedioxybenzoic acid (2a) were isolated from the fruit bodies of the fungus Antrodia cinnamomea. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by the usual spectroscopic methods and by 2D NMR techniques.
{"title":"Phenyl compounds from Antrodia cinnamomea","authors":"Keh-Feng Huang, Wed-Ming Huang, H. Chiang","doi":"10.7019/CPJ.200112.0327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7019/CPJ.200112.0327","url":null,"abstract":"Two new phenyl compounds, methyl 2, 5-dimethoxy-3, 4-methylenedioxybeenzoate (la) and 4, 5-dimethoxy-2,3-methylenedioxybenzoic acid (2a) were isolated from the fruit bodies of the fungus Antrodia cinnamomea. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by the usual spectroscopic methods and by 2D NMR techniques.","PeriodicalId":22409,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"327-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81352598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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