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Kinematic analysis of “Russian” circles in gymnastics 体操“俄式”圆圈的运动学分析
Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.55860/vdap7405
D. Semenov, V. Shlyakhtov, Aleksandr M. Rumyantsev
The kinematic analysis of the Russian wendeswing technique performance in different types of supporting surfaces was undertaken using the 3D Qualisys motion capture system. A high-level qualified gymnast performed 5 routines of three Russian circles on the floor and same on pommel horse. The average performance time of Russian circle on the floor was about 0.3 s less than the same skill performance time on pommel horse. The phase structure of each circle contained 4 hand steps of 0.3-0.4 s duration each. Russian circles control actions are performed through the arms. On floor there was a change of the shoulder joint angle in the range of 4° to 35°, whereas on pommel horse, the performance showed the shoulder joint angle range of 9° to 40°. In our research, the main difference between Russian circles performed on different apparatus was found in the positions and shifting of hip joints and the sacrum attached markers. On floor, the Russian circle performance showed a shift in the vertical sacrum marker in the range of 19 cm compared with 11 cm on pommel horse. The results indicated that floor circles demand higher rotation speed from the athlete and presumes bigger vertical hips shifting. On pommel horse, Russian circles performance registered a lower range of angular velocity and vertical hip shifting but had greater shoulder joint angle.
使用3D Qualisys运动捕捉系统对俄罗斯wendeswing技术在不同类型支撑表面上的性能进行了运动学分析。一名高水平的体操运动员在自由体操和鞍马上分别做了5个俄式三圈动作。自由式团体操的平均表演时间比鞍马的平均表演时间短0.3秒左右。每个圆的相位结构包含4个手步,每个手步持续时间为0.3-0.4 s。俄式圆圈控制动作是通过手臂进行的。在地板上,肩关节的角度变化在4°到35°之间,而在鞍马上,肩关节的角度变化在9°到40°之间。在我们的研究中,在不同器械上进行Russian circles的主要区别在于髋关节和骶骨附着标记物的位置和移动。在自由体操项目上,俄罗斯人的回旋表演显示,与鞍马项目的11厘米相比,俄罗斯人的骶骨垂直点移动了19厘米。结果表明,自由体操对运动员的旋转速度要求更高,髋部垂直位移也更大。在鞍马上,俄式圈的角速度和髋部垂直移动范围较低,但肩关节角度较大。
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引用次数: 0
Practices of pedagogical skills in the implementation of courses in the field of physical education and sports in a distance format 在远程形式的体育教育和运动领域实施课程的教学技能实践
Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.55860/paka1302
S. Kalmykova, V. Bakayev, V. Vasilyeva
In modern conditions, no one doubts that physical culture and sports are useful and necessary for every person. A team of SPbPU authors have developed and introduced into the educational process of MOOC courses "Physical culture" in 2016, "Fundamentals of the training process of cybersports men" in 2020, posted on the National portal "Open Education". The Physical Education online course can be one example of organizing such resources. Today (and especially during a pandemic) this is one of the most popular courses with a massive audience. At the Polytechnic University, it is involved in all curricula and is compulsory for all students. Our research is devoted to further prospects for the development of the resource. Of course, it is very difficult to define the concept of "pedagogical skill" in the context of this article. However, we tried to do this, highlighting the main, from our point of view, the criteria of pedagogical excellence, which are necessary for the high-quality implementation of courses in a distance format. The online resources we have created allow us to stimulate and motivate students for personal development, organize their educational activities, including building a training system, organize pedagogical activities, monitor the success of students' development of resources, and structure classes. The implemented system made it possible to organize training during the COVID-19 pandemic without interruptions and without reducing the quality of education.
在现代条件下,没有人怀疑体育运动对每个人都是有用和必要的。2016年,我校编著团队开发并导入MOOC课程《体育文化》、2020年《电竞男子培养过程基础》,并在国家门户网站“开放教育”上发布。体育在线课程就是组织这类资源的一个例子。今天(特别是在大流行期间),这是最受欢迎的课程之一,有大量听众。在理工大学,它涉及所有课程,是所有学生的必修课。我们的研究致力于该资源的进一步开发前景。当然,在本文的语境中,很难界定“教学技能”的概念。然而,我们试图做到这一点,从我们的角度来看,突出教学卓越的主要标准,这是远程格式课程高质量实施所必需的。我们创建的在线资源使我们能够激发和激励学生的个人发展,组织他们的教育活动,包括建立培训系统,组织教学活动,监控学生资源开发的成功,以及组织课程。实施的系统使在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间组织培训成为可能,而不会中断,也不会降低教育质量。
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引用次数: 0
Gym machines for simulating training of technical movements in curling 模拟冰壶运动技术动作训练的健身器材
Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.55860/blew4220
V. Groshev, Aleksandr Bliznevskiy, Natalya Soboleva
Curling is a team sports game played on ice. The athletes slide stones one by one toward a marked target area. This is a sport in which the exactness of a throw is the base of technique and one of the main components of a successful play. In sport, technique means the way of making a physical action. Technical preparation is a process of education and improvement of movement skills, serving a mean of sports fighting. For making a throw of a curling stone an athlete has to push himself off a hack and slide in a deep lunge position holding a stone in his hand. In front of the hog line an athlete releases the stone. This paper describes the machines for training the technique of throwing a curling stone. Using empirical research methods we have created and used the machines which were used during the training process at the special preparation stage of the preparation period. A special training roller ground for throwing curling stones was developed. The useful model RU 192760 patent was published on September 30, 2019. The developed equipment allows to do imitative training of movements and technique of curling stones throwing. A training roller ground for a curling player’s boot was designed. The useful model RU 193702 patent was published on November 11, 2019. The conditions for simulating training of exactness of take-off force in curling were created
冰壶是一种在冰上进行的团体运动。运动员们把石头一块一块地向指定的目标区域滑动。在这项运动中,掷球的准确性是技术的基础,也是成功比赛的主要组成部分之一。在体育运动中,技术是指进行身体动作的方式。技术准备是训练和提高运动技能的过程,是竞技格斗的一种手段。为了投掷冰壶石头,运动员必须把自己从跳板上推下来,并以深弓步的姿势滑动,手里拿着一块石头。在野猪队前面,一名运动员释放了石头。本文介绍了掷冰壶技术的训练设备。运用实证研究的方法,我们创造并使用了在准备阶段的特殊准备阶段的训练过程中使用的机器。研制了投掷冰壶石专用训练场。实用型号RU 192760专利于2019年9月30日公布。开发的设备可以进行掷冰壶动作和技术的模拟训练。设计了冰壶运动员球鞋的训练滚轮场地。实用型号RU 193702专利于2019年11月11日公布。为模拟训练卷曲运动起跳力的准确性创造了条件
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引用次数: 0
Graduateness and sports coaching: A preliminary study of coaches’ behaviour using the REVISED Arizona State University Observation Instrument 渐进性和运动教练:使用修订的亚利桑那州立大学观察仪器对教练员行为的初步研究
Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.55860/agxz5290
S. D. Anderson, Ivor Harkin, Marina Georgakopoulou, Ian Whyte
This project aimed to identify if there were differences in coaching behaviours between coaches trained and educated in less-academic, traditional, governing body of sport approaches (n=6) and those who were educated and trained through Higher Education routes (n=6). Data were gathered from twelve coaches by videoing and audio-recording coaching sessions. The data were analysed using the REVISED ASUOI observation tool, employing an independent-samples t-test to establish differences between the graduate coaches and non-graduate coaches across each of the behaviour categories. Differences were identified in five categories – Learning Intention, Closed Questioning, Open Questioning, Coaches’ Model, and Observation. Graduateness as outlined by Coetzee (2014), was proffered as an explanation of differences. Further work is suggested using conversational analyses to provide a more subtle and nuanced examination of the coaches’ vocabularies and judgements as they communicate.
本项目旨在确定接受较少学术性、传统的体育管理机构训练和教育的教练(n=6)与接受高等教育和培训的教练(n=6)之间的教练行为是否存在差异。通过录像和录音的方式收集了12位教练的数据。使用修订后的ASUOI观察工具对数据进行分析,采用独立样本t检验来确定研究生教练和非研究生教练在每个行为类别中的差异。差异主要体现在五个方面——学习意向、封闭式提问、开放式提问、教练模式和观察。Coetzee(2014)提出的渐进性是对差异的一种解释。进一步的工作建议使用会话分析,以提供更微妙和细致入微的检查教练的词汇和判断,因为他们的沟通。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of high-intensity interval training on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus 高强度间歇训练对2型糖尿病患者的影响
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.55860/stbc2316
A. Kramer Ramos, Antelm Pujol Calafat, Pablo Jiménez Martínez, Carlos Alix Fages
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) which is characterized by pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, peripheral insulin resistance, or both, is one of the most relevant cardiovascular risk factors worldwide. Its most prevalent and studied form is type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), a chronic multifunctional condition linked to physical inactivity and lifestyle. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore the implications of high intensity interval training on different hemodynamic, biochemical and anthropometric parameters of DM2 patients. Findings yielded that high-intensity interval training is a safe and recommended training method to improve functional capacity and certain parameters such as body weight and body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), VO2 maximum (peak) and Hb1Ac, compared to moderate and low intensity training, and passive controls. Moreover, the benefits of physical exercise are independent of weight loss and there is no nutritional protocol or drug to replace them.
糖尿病(DM)以胰腺β细胞功能障碍、外周胰岛素抵抗或两者兼而有之为特征,是世界范围内最相关的心血管危险因素之一。其最普遍和研究的形式是2型糖尿病(DM2),这是一种与缺乏运动和生活方式有关的慢性多功能疾病。本文旨在探讨高强度间歇训练对DM2患者不同血液动力学、生化和人体测量参数的影响。研究结果表明,与中低强度训练和被动对照相比,高强度间歇训练是一种安全且值得推荐的训练方法,可以改善功能能力和某些参数,如体重和体重指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、最大摄氧量(峰值)和Hb1Ac。此外,体育锻炼的好处与减肥无关,没有营养方案或药物可以取代它们。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship between swimming speed and physiological and perceptual responses in skins race 游泳速度与皮肤人种生理和知觉反应的关系
Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.55860/iumf7609
Yuta Tsukahara, T. Ueda
Purpose: This study investigated the relationships between swimming speed and physiological and perceptual responses in a skins race, in which a maximum of three races are repeated with a rest in between each round. Methods: The study measured the physiological responses in terms of the heart rate, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and oxygen debt (O2 debt) and examined the perceived exertion to determine the perceptual response. Specifically, it measured the swimming speed and blood lactate (Bla) levels of seven male collegiate swimmers in three rounds of 50 m freestyle, which simulated skins race. It also conducted a bicycle ergometer test to measure their VO2max and O2 debt. Results: The results showed a significant association between swimming speed and Bla. In other words, the study found a significant association between swimming speed and glycolysis during the skins race. However, it did not find a significant association between swimming speed and VO2max or/and O2 debt. Conclusion: Hence, it concluded that a swimmer’s skill level is related to the swimmer’s speed in the skins race. These findings provide an understanding of the physiological parameters that effect performance in high-intensity sports.
目的:本研究探讨游泳速度与皮肤比赛中生理和知觉反应之间的关系,在皮肤比赛中,最多重复进行三次比赛,每次比赛之间休息。方法:测定心率、最大摄氧量(VO2max)、氧债(O2)等生理反应,并通过感知运动来确定感知反应。具体来说,它测量了7名男子大学游泳运动员在模拟皮肤比赛的三轮50米自由泳中游泳速度和血乳酸水平。该公司还进行了自行车测力仪测试,以测量他们的最大摄氧量和氧气消耗。结果:游泳速度与Bla有显著相关。换句话说,该研究发现游泳速度和游泳过程中的糖酵解之间存在显著关联。然而,它并没有发现游泳速度与最大摄氧量或氧债之间的显著关联。结论:在皮划艇比赛中,游泳运动员的技术水平与游泳运动员的速度有关。这些发现为理解影响高强度运动表现的生理参数提供了依据。
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引用次数: 0
Anthropometric characteristics of elite male taekwondo athletes according to weight category and performance level 优秀男子跆拳道运动员按体重类别和成绩水平的人体测量特征
Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.55860/govh2464
Emek Can, Emine Kutlay, M. Sillero Quintana, C. Bridge
The aim of this study was to: 1) compare the anthropometric characteristics of elite male taekwondo athletes between selected weight categories using the ‘full’ International Society for Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) profile; and 2) compare the index of sitting height/stature ratio, and lower-limb segment lengths between standards of competitors. Thirty-two elite male taekwondo athletes volunteered to take part and they were categorised according to five competition weight categories (<58, <63, <68, <74, and <87kg). Anthropometric measurements were performed according to the ISAK profile protocol (42 measures), and the data were compared between the weight categories. Athletes were also divided into two groups based upon their previous success and selected variables were compared between the groups. Significant differences were identified in a range of anthropometric variables between athletes’ weight categories, including percentage of body fat [%BF], skinfold thickness, measurement girths, lengths and widths, and somatotype components. Such differences were generally more notable between the lighter (<58kg) and heavier (<63, <68, <74, and <87kg) weight categories, with lighter weight categories tending to exhibit lower %BF, skinfold thickness, smaller/shorter specific limb girths, breadths, and lengths, and lower endomorphy when compared with their heavier weight counterparts. International level athletes displayed significantly lower sitting height/ stature ratio, and greater iliospinale and tibiale laterale height than their national level counterparts (p < .05). The findings of this study provide focused reference values to assist preparations for selected weight categories within the sport, and they offer a framework to support talent identification programmes.
本研究的目的是:1)使用“完整的”国际人体测量学进步协会(ISAK)档案,比较不同体重类别的优秀男性跆拳道运动员的人体测量特征;2)比较不同标准选手的坐高/身长比指标、下肢段长度指标。32名优秀的男子跆拳道运动员自愿参加,并根据比赛体重(<58、<63、<68、<74、<87kg)进行了分类。根据ISAK剖面方案(42项测量)进行人体测量,并对体重类别之间的数据进行比较。运动员也根据他们以前的成功分为两组,并在两组之间比较选定的变量。在运动员体重类别之间的一系列人体测量变量中发现了显著差异,包括体脂百分比[%BF],皮褶厚度,测量周长,长度和宽度,以及体型成分。这种差异在体重较轻(<58kg)和较重(<63、<68、<74和<87kg)的类别之间更为显著,与体重较重的类别相比,体重较轻的类别往往表现出较低的BF %、皮褶厚度、更小/更短的特定肢体周长、宽度和长度,以及较低的自同态。国际水平运动员的坐高/身长比显著低于国家水平运动员,髂脊柱和胫骨外侧高度显著高于国家水平运动员(p < 0.05)。本研究的发现提供了集中的参考价值,以协助在运动中选定的体重类别的准备,他们提供了一个框架,以支持人才识别计划。
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引用次数: 0
Intra-articular hyaluronic acid plus sorbitol injections for the management of severe glenohumeral osteoarthritis in a former female volleyball player 关节内透明质酸加山梨醇注射治疗前女排运动员严重肩关节骨关节炎
Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.55860/pcig5023
D. Tarantino, R. Gnasso, F. Sirico, B. Corrado
The glenohumeral joint is the third most common joint to be affected by osteoarthritis (OA). Practising volleyball can lead to shoulder arthritis due to repetitive mechanical stress on the shoulder joint. The first step of management of primary glenohumeral OA usually is the non-operative treatment, with intra-articular injections representing one of the most utilized treatments. The aim of this study is to report the outcomes of a series of three injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) plus sorbitol in a patient with severe glenohumeral OA. An 81-year-old female former volleyball player presented to our Rehabilitation Unit with more than 15 years history of shoulder pain and functional limitation. Since she refused to undergo surgery, we proposed her intra-articular injections of HA plus sorbitol. Outcome evaluation was made up to 12 months from the last injection by means of the Constant-Murley score and the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire. Three injections of HA plus sorbitol for three weeks in a row in a patient with severe glenohumeral OA led to important improvements in pain reduction and better functionality at all follow-ups. Larger studies including more patients and with longer follow-ups are needed to confirm the consistency of these findings.
肩关节是受骨关节炎(OA)影响的第三大常见关节。由于对肩关节的重复性机械压力,练习排球会导致肩关节关节炎。治疗原发性盂肱骨关节炎的第一步通常是非手术治疗,其中关节内注射是最常用的治疗方法之一。本研究的目的是报告透明质酸(HA)加山梨醇连续三次注射治疗严重盂肱骨关节炎患者的结果。一位81岁的前女排球运动员,因肩痛和功能限制病史超过15年来到我们的康复部。由于她拒绝手术,我们建议她关节内注射HA +山梨醇。通过Constant-Murley评分和手臂、肩膀和手的残疾问卷,对最后一次注射后12个月的结果进行评估。一名患有严重肩关节骨关节炎的患者连续三周注射透明质酸加山梨醇,在所有随访中均显著改善了疼痛减轻和功能改善。需要更大规模的研究,包括更多的患者和更长时间的随访,以证实这些发现的一致性。
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引用次数: 0
Physical performance, haematological and behavioural parameters of five mineral water in rats 五种矿泉水对大鼠体能、血液学及行为学参数的影响
Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.55860/rmek4399
L. Bonoy, J. Mbame, Hamadou André, Pierre Ngarsou, Joséphine Doukoya
The objective was to compare the effect of five mineral water mostly consumed in Cameroun on performance, haematological and behavioural parameters in rats. Twenty-four rats (140 g) were used for this study. Among the groups, there are a control group which received deionized water and five experimental groups which received different mineral water (Tangui, Supermont, Opur, Aquabelle and Semme) during 21 days. Rats were allowed for swimming exercise every alternate day between 11h and 17h. On the day 21, rats from each group were subjected to the forced swimming test with tail load. One hour after the forced swimming test, the open field test was carried out to evaluate their behaviour. Water and food consumption, body weight, relative organ weight and haematological parameters were evaluated. Results showed that all the mineral water used during this experimentation did not have any effect on water intake, food consumption, body weight and relative organ weight (p > .05). Significant increase (p < .01 – p < .001) in swimming time of rats consuming Tangui (445.00 ± 43.60 seconds) and Opur (450.80 ± 51.03 seconds) were observed as compared to the control group (325.50 ± 24.37 seconds). Results of behavioural and haematological parameters showed significant modifications in the same groups in comparison with control group (p < .01 – p < .001). Differences of swimming time, hematologic and behavioural parameters observed in rats having consumed Tangui and Opur could be due to the quantity of some minerals (calcium and magnesium) present in those drinks.
目的是比较喀麦隆主要消费的五种矿泉水对大鼠的性能、血液学和行为参数的影响。实验用大鼠24只(140 g)。其中,对照组饲喂去离子水,5个试验组分别在21 d内饲喂丹桂、Supermont、Opur、Aquabelle和Semme矿泉水。每隔一天11 ~ 17小时进行一次游泳运动。第21天,各组大鼠进行尾载强迫游泳试验。在强迫游泳试验1小时后,进行野外试验,评估它们的行为。评估水和食物消耗、体重、相对器官重量和血液学参数。结果表明:本试验期间所使用的各种矿泉水对采食量、摄食量、体重和相对脏器重量均无显著影响(p > 0.05)。与对照组的游泳时间(325.50±24.37秒)相比,服用坦桂组的游泳时间(445.00±43.60秒)和Opur组的游泳时间(450.80±51.03秒)显著增加(p < 0.01 ~ p < 0.001)。行为学和血液学指标与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(p < 0.01 ~ p < 0.001)。在饮用坦桂和欧普洱的大鼠中观察到的游泳时间、血液学和行为参数的差异可能是由于这些饮料中存在的某些矿物质(钙和镁)的数量。
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引用次数: 0
math game 数学游戏
Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.55860/yxrr9515
M. Valentini, Arianna Anelli, A. Federici
This work, by means of in-depth research and systematic review, aims to demonstrate whether there is a real and concrete correlation between motor education and the learning of logical-mathematical concepts in school-age children between 6 and 11 years. Initially, several protocols and interventions were selected using targeted electronic databases focusing research on the last ten years. Subsequently, the main theme was addressed, subdividing, and analysing the selected research based on four topics: literature, gesture, interdisciplinary and testing. In the theme "literature" two works have been compared concerning the learning of logical-mathematical concepts thanks to the introduction of the use of literature for children and manipulators. In "gesture" five works have been compared where mathematical learning took place through the association of gesture with explanation. The nine protocols signed "interdisciplinary" deal exclusively with this topic: how the movement and the use of the body intervene on mathematical learning. Finally, three data collection on the topic "test": how physical activity intervenes on the results of mathematical tests. Bibliographic research shows that pupils participate with interest in activities and there is no negative influence on this link, indeed a significant improvement was evident in most of the protocols and interventions. There is, however, the need to monitor research in the long term, to expand with a larger sample of children and use larger spaces.
本研究通过深入研究和系统回顾,旨在证明运动教育与6 - 11岁学龄儿童的逻辑数学概念学习之间是否存在真实和具体的相关性。最初,使用有针对性的电子数据库选择了几个方案和干预措施,重点研究了过去十年。随后,对主题进行了讨论,细分并分析了基于四个主题的选定研究:文献,姿态,跨学科和测试。在“文学”这一主题中,通过引入儿童和操纵者对文学的使用,比较了两部关于逻辑数学概念学习的作品。在“手势”中,五个作品通过手势与解释的关联进行了数学学习。署名为“跨学科”的九个协议专门处理这个主题:身体的运动和使用如何干预数学学习。最后,关于“测试”主题的三个数据收集:体育活动如何影响数学测试的结果。文献研究表明,学生对活动有兴趣参与,这一联系没有负面影响,事实上,在大多数协议和干预措施中都有明显的显著改善。然而,有必要长期监测研究,扩大儿童样本,使用更大的空间。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Scientific Journal of Sport and Performance
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