Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530136
K. Shibata
A novel jig structure for $boldsymbol{S}_{11}$ calibration with short/open terminations and one reference material (referred to here as SOM) in dielectric measurement of liquids using a coaxial feed type cut-off circular waveguide was examined, and a formula for exact calculation of $boldsymbol{s}_{11}$ for the analytical model of the structure using the method of moments (MoM) was derived. The accuracy and validity of $boldsymbol{S}_{11}$ values calculated using the relevant formula was verified for frequencies of 0.50, 1.5 and 3.0 GHz, and $boldsymbol{S}_{11}$ measurement accuracy with each termination condition was verified after calibration with SOM by combining the jig of the proposed structure with the study's electromagnetic (EM) analysis method.
{"title":"$mathrm{S}_{11}$ Calibration of a Coaxial-Loaded-Type Stepped Cut-Off Circular Waveguide with SOM Termination","authors":"K. Shibata","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530136","url":null,"abstract":"A novel jig structure for $boldsymbol{S}_{11}$ calibration with short/open terminations and one reference material (referred to here as SOM) in dielectric measurement of liquids using a coaxial feed type cut-off circular waveguide was examined, and a formula for exact calculation of $boldsymbol{s}_{11}$ for the analytical model of the structure using the method of moments (MoM) was derived. The accuracy and validity of $boldsymbol{S}_{11}$ values calculated using the relevant formula was verified for frequencies of 0.50, 1.5 and 3.0 GHz, and $boldsymbol{S}_{11}$ measurement accuracy with each termination condition was verified after calibration with SOM by combining the jig of the proposed structure with the study's electromagnetic (EM) analysis method.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"1156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116177727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530012
S. Pullano, M. Greco, D. Foti, A. Brunetti, A. Fiorillo
Cell culturing is one of the most intensively used technique, providing a controllable artificial environment for cell growing and monitoring. Cellular thermodynamics (intracellular thermal components of absorption) has recently been intensively investigated because of its implication in different molecular mechanisms. A Thermoelectric sensor can thus provide information about changes happening inside a cell. The work focuses on the design and fabrication of a dual pyroelectric sensor for the thermal characterization of cultured cells. The device is based on the use of two pyroelectric elements stimulated by an Infrared source. It is inherently compact and designed for compensating for the effect of the culture media in which the cells are maintained. Experimental results on the ARPE-19 cell line at different concentrations evidenced a linear dependence of the dual-sensor's output. Moreover, with respect to its single-element counterpart, the effect of common-mode signals (such as that of culture media) is drastically reduced. The dual sensor is thus a promising characterization tool for rapid lab-based applications.
{"title":"Dual Pyroelectric Sensor for Thermal Characterization of Cell Lines","authors":"S. Pullano, M. Greco, D. Foti, A. Brunetti, A. Fiorillo","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530012","url":null,"abstract":"Cell culturing is one of the most intensively used technique, providing a controllable artificial environment for cell growing and monitoring. Cellular thermodynamics (intracellular thermal components of absorption) has recently been intensively investigated because of its implication in different molecular mechanisms. A Thermoelectric sensor can thus provide information about changes happening inside a cell. The work focuses on the design and fabrication of a dual pyroelectric sensor for the thermal characterization of cultured cells. The device is based on the use of two pyroelectric elements stimulated by an Infrared source. It is inherently compact and designed for compensating for the effect of the culture media in which the cells are maintained. Experimental results on the ARPE-19 cell line at different concentrations evidenced a linear dependence of the dual-sensor's output. Moreover, with respect to its single-element counterpart, the effect of common-mode signals (such as that of culture media) is drastically reduced. The dual sensor is thus a promising characterization tool for rapid lab-based applications.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122231362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530131
Scott Fazackerley, C. Nichol, R. Lawrence
Anstract- While wireless technologies are common solutions to the last mile problem for IoT systems, challenges exist with devices that are in remote locations, sparse deployments, have power and cost constraints, and low data applications as the cost of wireless and the supporting infrastructure presents barriers to entry. This work presents a last mile solution relying on smartphones to bridge the gap between the data generation device and the internet. A unique, low-power solution is presented based on QR codes and e-paper displays that allows a user's smartphone to carry the power and processing burden for data transmission. Utilizing the persistent nature of e-paper displays with low power requirements, QR codes can efficiently communicate data with minimal power impacts to a device's power budget and create large communication windows for user data pickup, leveraging the power of the smartphone without the need for extensive user training and costly infrastructure.
{"title":"Bridging the Last Mile: Utilizing QR codes, e-Paper and Smartphones to Link Low-Power IoT Data Collection Devices to the Internet","authors":"Scott Fazackerley, C. Nichol, R. Lawrence","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530131","url":null,"abstract":"Anstract- While wireless technologies are common solutions to the last mile problem for IoT systems, challenges exist with devices that are in remote locations, sparse deployments, have power and cost constraints, and low data applications as the cost of wireless and the supporting infrastructure presents barriers to entry. This work presents a last mile solution relying on smartphones to bridge the gap between the data generation device and the internet. A unique, low-power solution is presented based on QR codes and e-paper displays that allows a user's smartphone to carry the power and processing burden for data transmission. Utilizing the persistent nature of e-paper displays with low power requirements, QR codes can efficiently communicate data with minimal power impacts to a device's power budget and create large communication windows for user data pickup, leveraging the power of the smartphone without the need for extensive user training and costly infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132141335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530172
Mehdi Akbari-Saatlu, M. Procek, G. Thungström, C. Mattsson, H. Radamson
H2S gas is harmful for human health and environment, therefore novel gas sensors for real time and fast detection with high precision have been sought. Metal oxides are already known as promising candidate for this purpose. This article presents the performance of a gas sensor consists of a microheater and active layer formed on single alumina substrate for operating at high temperature applications. Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis deposition method was used to make both thick layer of SnO2 for microheater and thin and porous crystalline layer of SnO2 as sensing layer. The prepared sensor showed suitable dynamic response towards 10 to 50 ppm of H2S gas both in humid and dry conditions at 450°C. In these experiments, the cross sensitivity of the sensor was also checked for other interfering gases e.g. CH4 and NO2.
{"title":"H2S Gas Sensing Based on SnO2 Thin Films Deposited by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis on Al2O3 Substrate","authors":"Mehdi Akbari-Saatlu, M. Procek, G. Thungström, C. Mattsson, H. Radamson","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530172","url":null,"abstract":"H2S gas is harmful for human health and environment, therefore novel gas sensors for real time and fast detection with high precision have been sought. Metal oxides are already known as promising candidate for this purpose. This article presents the performance of a gas sensor consists of a microheater and active layer formed on single alumina substrate for operating at high temperature applications. Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis deposition method was used to make both thick layer of SnO2 for microheater and thin and porous crystalline layer of SnO2 as sensing layer. The prepared sensor showed suitable dynamic response towards 10 to 50 ppm of H2S gas both in humid and dry conditions at 450°C. In these experiments, the cross sensitivity of the sensor was also checked for other interfering gases e.g. CH4 and NO2.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133783940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530146
Yaqin Wang, M. Stanković, Anthony H. Smith, E. Matson
Many modern-day technologies rely on Global Positioning System (GPS) for navigation and location services. Although, in some instances GPS it is not always the most preferred method especially in places where the coverage is lacking, and where privacy is a concern. In the last few years, alternative technologies to GPS systems have been developed and are available not only to enterprises but to consumers as well. This paper presents an idea on how a convoy of vehicles can establish and maintain a leader-follower connection between themselves by utilizing Computer Vision Technology and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) via wireless low-power networks. The proposed system is to consists of three vehicles, a leader vehicle being controlled by an operator via Bluetooth, and two follower vehicles equipped with DFRobots' Romero V2, BLE Boards, and XBee modules for RSSI navigation. The computer vision system will utilize ZED Stereo Camera for image processing and the Robotic Operating System (ROS). The system will be independent of GPS allowing the operation in environments where GPS is unavailable or unpermitted. The proposed system can be utilized in surveillance missions, rescue missions, and it can serve as a backup to other leader-follower systems.
{"title":"Leader-Follower System in Convoys:: An Experimental Design Focusing on Computer Vision","authors":"Yaqin Wang, M. Stanković, Anthony H. Smith, E. Matson","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530146","url":null,"abstract":"Many modern-day technologies rely on Global Positioning System (GPS) for navigation and location services. Although, in some instances GPS it is not always the most preferred method especially in places where the coverage is lacking, and where privacy is a concern. In the last few years, alternative technologies to GPS systems have been developed and are available not only to enterprises but to consumers as well. This paper presents an idea on how a convoy of vehicles can establish and maintain a leader-follower connection between themselves by utilizing Computer Vision Technology and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) via wireless low-power networks. The proposed system is to consists of three vehicles, a leader vehicle being controlled by an operator via Bluetooth, and two follower vehicles equipped with DFRobots' Romero V2, BLE Boards, and XBee modules for RSSI navigation. The computer vision system will utilize ZED Stereo Camera for image processing and the Robotic Operating System (ROS). The system will be independent of GPS allowing the operation in environments where GPS is unavailable or unpermitted. The proposed system can be utilized in surveillance missions, rescue missions, and it can serve as a backup to other leader-follower systems.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124735731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530191
Daniel G. Kyrollos, K. Greenwood, J. Harrold, J. Green
In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), a large proportion of alarms are false. This can result in alarm fatigue which increases the risk that alarms of clinical significance are overlooked and may lead to an increased response time. It is therefore of interest to minimize false alarms in the NICU to reduce alarm fatigue. Previous alarm classification systems rely on physiologic data and waveforms. In this study, we explore the use of a pressure sensitive mat (PSM), which is an unobtrusive and non-contact secondary sensor system that captures motion-related data. We use a dataset of 136 manually annotated alarm events for 10 neonatal subjects to train a machine learning model for the detection of false alarms. Results show that a combination of physiologic and PSM features has the best performance, which achieves a 0.87 macro-averaged F1 score, compared to the model that solely relies on physiologic data which only achieves a 0.73 macro-averaged F1 score. We also show that the use of PSM data improves the model's ability to generalize to unseen patients using a leave-one-subject-out test protocol. This study demonstrates that the PSM provides complementary and useful information for Improving the discrimination of true and false alarms.
{"title":"Detection of False Alarms in the NICU Using Pressure Sensitive Mat","authors":"Daniel G. Kyrollos, K. Greenwood, J. Harrold, J. Green","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530191","url":null,"abstract":"In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), a large proportion of alarms are false. This can result in alarm fatigue which increases the risk that alarms of clinical significance are overlooked and may lead to an increased response time. It is therefore of interest to minimize false alarms in the NICU to reduce alarm fatigue. Previous alarm classification systems rely on physiologic data and waveforms. In this study, we explore the use of a pressure sensitive mat (PSM), which is an unobtrusive and non-contact secondary sensor system that captures motion-related data. We use a dataset of 136 manually annotated alarm events for 10 neonatal subjects to train a machine learning model for the detection of false alarms. Results show that a combination of physiologic and PSM features has the best performance, which achieves a 0.87 macro-averaged F1 score, compared to the model that solely relies on physiologic data which only achieves a 0.73 macro-averaged F1 score. We also show that the use of PSM data improves the model's ability to generalize to unseen patients using a leave-one-subject-out test protocol. This study demonstrates that the PSM provides complementary and useful information for Improving the discrimination of true and false alarms.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124576841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530096
Fiore Capasso, F. Arcadio, L. Zeni, G. D’Agostino, Chiara Perri, G. Chiaretti, Giovanni Porto, N. Cennamo
This work presents the design, the implementation, and the testing of a novel tool relative to plasmonic sensors in waveguides. A novel tool gathers all the latest information technology to speed up and improve the quality of the results of the experiments done. The developed tool is very simple to use and can be applied in several plasmonic sensor configurations, where the measurements can be carried out in spectral mode. The realized tool will be useful in different application fields, such as in point-of-care applications, environment monitoring, Internet of things (IoT) applications, security, and industrial applications. The key features will be portability and performance, taking advantage of technological developments, either hardware and software.
{"title":"Universal tool for surface plasmon resonance sensors realized in waveguides","authors":"Fiore Capasso, F. Arcadio, L. Zeni, G. D’Agostino, Chiara Perri, G. Chiaretti, Giovanni Porto, N. Cennamo","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530096","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the design, the implementation, and the testing of a novel tool relative to plasmonic sensors in waveguides. A novel tool gathers all the latest information technology to speed up and improve the quality of the results of the experiments done. The developed tool is very simple to use and can be applied in several plasmonic sensor configurations, where the measurements can be carried out in spectral mode. The realized tool will be useful in different application fields, such as in point-of-care applications, environment monitoring, Internet of things (IoT) applications, security, and industrial applications. The key features will be portability and performance, taking advantage of technological developments, either hardware and software.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"334 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115967272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530064
Sawan Kumar Ambedkar, K. Elangovan, K. B. Nandapurkar, C. Anoop
This paper presents a new linearizing digital front-end for magneto-resistive (MR) angle sensor having sine and/or cosine transfer-characteristics. The front-end processes a dual half-bridge MR sensor and then outputs a linear indication of the sensing angle. It combines a simple relaxation-oscillator-based circuit with linearizing ratiometric technique to achieve the aforementioned task. The front-end provides several positive features such as (1) no requirement of precision and matched bipolar reference voltages, (2) simplicity of architecture, (3) independence from various circuit non-idealities. A detailed account of the proposed front-end is discussed with the help of systematic mathematical derivation. The performance of the front-end is verified with help of simulation as well as experimental studies and reported in this paper.
{"title":"Linearizing Relaxation-Oscillator Based Front-End for Magneto-Resistive Angle Sensors","authors":"Sawan Kumar Ambedkar, K. Elangovan, K. B. Nandapurkar, C. Anoop","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530064","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new linearizing digital front-end for magneto-resistive (MR) angle sensor having sine and/or cosine transfer-characteristics. The front-end processes a dual half-bridge MR sensor and then outputs a linear indication of the sensing angle. It combines a simple relaxation-oscillator-based circuit with linearizing ratiometric technique to achieve the aforementioned task. The front-end provides several positive features such as (1) no requirement of precision and matched bipolar reference voltages, (2) simplicity of architecture, (3) independence from various circuit non-idealities. A detailed account of the proposed front-end is discussed with the help of systematic mathematical derivation. The performance of the front-end is verified with help of simulation as well as experimental studies and reported in this paper.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115420946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530153
Zijian Cai, Han Song, Zhiyong Zhang, X. Yao
The Fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG) is a kind of optical fiber sensor, compared with the electric sensor, it has many irreplaceable advantages for aerospace applications. The challenge of FBG for cryogenic application is how to increase the sensitivity of bare FBG and reduce nonlinear error. Two different thermosetting epoxy materials were studied to recoat bare FBG and presented a specific packaging method for thermosetting coatings. The verification of the accuracy of the model that is used to describe the FBG coated with thermosetting polymers by comparing the calculated results with the warming-up experiment conducted in the temperature range of 120K-328K using epoxy coated FBGs and bare FBG has been conducted. The results show a great improvement of sensitivity and good linearity, and the model can also be used to predict the characteristics of FBG coated with epoxy resins at cryogenic temperature and determine the stability of the epoxy.
{"title":"Cryogenic Temperature characteristics of Thermosetting Epoxy Resins coated FBG Sensors","authors":"Zijian Cai, Han Song, Zhiyong Zhang, X. Yao","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530153","url":null,"abstract":"The Fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG) is a kind of optical fiber sensor, compared with the electric sensor, it has many irreplaceable advantages for aerospace applications. The challenge of FBG for cryogenic application is how to increase the sensitivity of bare FBG and reduce nonlinear error. Two different thermosetting epoxy materials were studied to recoat bare FBG and presented a specific packaging method for thermosetting coatings. The verification of the accuracy of the model that is used to describe the FBG coated with thermosetting polymers by comparing the calculated results with the warming-up experiment conducted in the temperature range of 120K-328K using epoxy coated FBGs and bare FBG has been conducted. The results show a great improvement of sensitivity and good linearity, and the model can also be used to predict the characteristics of FBG coated with epoxy resins at cryogenic temperature and determine the stability of the epoxy.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124637803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530052
S. Zeising, Rebecca Seidl, A. Thalmayer, Georg Fischer, J. Kirchner
The reliable localization for capsule endoscopes is an open research topic. In this study, a low-frequency magnetic localization method for capsule endoscopes with an integrated active coil is proposed. The spatial constraint, the limited battery capacity and the ferromagnetic battery shell of commercial capsules were considered. The generated magnetic flux density was evaluated depending on the distance to the coil and the maximal detectable range was determined. Twelve sensors were arranged in rings and by comparing the measured magnetic flux density with the analytic dipole model, the position and orientation of the coil were reconstructed. The results revealed that the ferromagnetic shell increases the magnetic moment of the coil by approximately a factor of 2.4. Moreover, the mean position and orientation errors were 0.5 mm and 0.3°. Furthermore, by using only the three closest sensors to the coil, a similar localization performance was achieved. Therefore, it was concluded that it is a feasible approach to choose the sensors, which measure the strongest signal to address the problem of the maximal detectable range of magnetic sensors. Moreover, by considering the limited battery capacity, the localization with the proposed coil must be conducted in short time intervals instead of continuously.
{"title":"Quasi-Static Magnetic Localization of Capsule Endoscopes with an Active Integrated Coil","authors":"S. Zeising, Rebecca Seidl, A. Thalmayer, Georg Fischer, J. Kirchner","doi":"10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS51076.2021.9530052","url":null,"abstract":"The reliable localization for capsule endoscopes is an open research topic. In this study, a low-frequency magnetic localization method for capsule endoscopes with an integrated active coil is proposed. The spatial constraint, the limited battery capacity and the ferromagnetic battery shell of commercial capsules were considered. The generated magnetic flux density was evaluated depending on the distance to the coil and the maximal detectable range was determined. Twelve sensors were arranged in rings and by comparing the measured magnetic flux density with the analytic dipole model, the position and orientation of the coil were reconstructed. The results revealed that the ferromagnetic shell increases the magnetic moment of the coil by approximately a factor of 2.4. Moreover, the mean position and orientation errors were 0.5 mm and 0.3°. Furthermore, by using only the three closest sensors to the coil, a similar localization performance was achieved. Therefore, it was concluded that it is a feasible approach to choose the sensors, which measure the strongest signal to address the problem of the maximal detectable range of magnetic sensors. Moreover, by considering the limited battery capacity, the localization with the proposed coil must be conducted in short time intervals instead of continuously.","PeriodicalId":224327,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114250566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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