Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3827
C M Bokade, Spurti Kulkarni, Nikita Singh, Bhagyashree Tirpude, Dr Ketaki Nawlakhe
Despite numerous efforts, pediatric nutritional anemia remains one of the most serious health issues in developing countries. Severe nutritional anemia is associated with a number of modifiable risk factors, which can be overcome if the risk factors are accurately identified and addressed for different population groups. The purpose of this descriptive study is to focus on severe nutritional anemia in hospitalized children aged 1–5 years in a tertiary care center in Central India. Hospitalized children were enrolled in the study, and demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and laboratory data, as well as clinical and laboratory images, were reviewed. For defining severe anemia, the World Health Organization cutoff value was used. Out of total 9850 children of 1–5 years of age group admitted in hospital for 2 years, 197 children had severe nutritional anemia, indicated the incidence of 2%. Lower socioeconomic status and malnutrition were significantly correlated to severe nutritional anemia.
{"title":"Severe nutritional anemia among hospitalized children in Central India – Descriptive study","authors":"C M Bokade, Spurti Kulkarni, Nikita Singh, Bhagyashree Tirpude, Dr Ketaki Nawlakhe","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3827","url":null,"abstract":"Despite numerous efforts, pediatric nutritional anemia remains one of the most serious health issues in developing countries. Severe nutritional anemia is associated with a number of modifiable risk factors, which can be overcome if the risk factors are accurately identified and addressed for different population groups. The purpose of this descriptive study is to focus on severe nutritional anemia in hospitalized children aged 1–5 years in a tertiary care center in Central India. Hospitalized children were enrolled in the study, and demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and laboratory data, as well as clinical and laboratory images, were reviewed. For defining severe anemia, the World Health Organization cutoff value was used. Out of total 9850 children of 1–5 years of age group admitted in hospital for 2 years, 197 children had severe nutritional anemia, indicated the incidence of 2%. Lower socioeconomic status and malnutrition were significantly correlated to severe nutritional anemia.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"54 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91140610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3871
M. N, Architha G, Jyotsna A, S Prashanth, Ramu A, M R Savitha
Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease is an immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorder with a variety of phenotypic presentations such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, optic neuritis, and transverse myelitis but rarely presents as tumefactive lesion, particularly in children. We present a case of an adolescent girl with an anti MOG antibody-related disorder that manifested as a tumefactive lesion.
{"title":"Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein – antibody presenting as tumefactive demyelination and hemiparesis in a pediatric patient","authors":"M. N, Architha G, Jyotsna A, S Prashanth, Ramu A, M R Savitha","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3871","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease is an immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorder with a variety of phenotypic presentations such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, optic neuritis, and transverse myelitis but rarely presents as tumefactive lesion, particularly in children. We present a case of an adolescent girl with an anti MOG antibody-related disorder that manifested as a tumefactive lesion.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87802737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3867
V. Pinjari, Bal Rakshase, Ashish Pardhi
Background: Low and middle-income countries such as India face significant challenges in improving maternal health and reducing maternal mortality rate. To combat this problem, it is essential to utilize maternal health-care services. Objective: This study aims to assess the utilization of maternal health-care services (Antenatal care [ANC] and skilled attendance at birth) and the determining factors of maternal health-care utilization. Materials and Methods: This study is cross-sectional. The study is carried out in an urban slum in Mumbai, India. The respondents were selected using a multistage sampling procedure, and 300 Muslim women who delivered in the past 2 years in the reproductive age group (15–49 years) were selected. The data were collected using a structured interview schedule. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results: The study shows that maternal health-care utilization among respondents was unsatisfactory. Only 43.8% of the respondents utilized full ANC service and 27.3% still delivered at home with unskilled birth attendance (traditional Dai). A medical emergency, high cost, and lack of quality of services were the most common reasons to deliver at home. Respondents’ age at marriage, education (respondents and partners), monthly income, number of children, and type of family are the most important determining factors for the utilization of maternal health-care services. Conclusion: Better utilization of maternal health-care services can be achieved by improving the overall socioeconomic status of Muslim women. To improve maternal healthcare, special attention is required to be paid to the education of women and spouses. Furthermore, policies may address the women’s subordinate position in socioeconomic parameters. Similarly, close monitoring is required by the government through different agencies on the utilization of maternal health-care services.
{"title":"Influence of sociodemographic factors on the use of maternal health-care utilization among Muslim women in urban slum of Mumbai, India","authors":"V. Pinjari, Bal Rakshase, Ashish Pardhi","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3867","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low and middle-income countries such as India face significant challenges in improving maternal health and reducing maternal mortality rate. To combat this problem, it is essential to utilize maternal health-care services.\u0000Objective: This study aims to assess the utilization of maternal health-care services (Antenatal care [ANC] and skilled attendance at birth) and the determining factors of maternal health-care utilization.\u0000Materials and Methods: This study is cross-sectional. The study is carried out in an urban slum in Mumbai, India. The respondents were selected using a multistage sampling procedure, and 300 Muslim women who delivered in the past 2 years in the reproductive age group (15–49 years) were selected. The data were collected using a structured interview schedule. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.\u0000Results: The study shows that maternal health-care utilization among respondents was unsatisfactory. Only 43.8% of the respondents utilized full ANC service and 27.3% still delivered at home with unskilled birth attendance (traditional Dai). A medical emergency, high cost, and lack of quality of services were the most common reasons to deliver at home. Respondents’ age at marriage, education (respondents and partners), monthly income, number of children, and type of family are the most important determining factors for the utilization of maternal health-care services.\u0000Conclusion: Better utilization of maternal health-care services can be achieved by improving the overall socioeconomic status of Muslim women. To improve maternal healthcare, special attention is required to be paid to the education of women and spouses. Furthermore, policies may address the women’s subordinate position in socioeconomic parameters. Similarly, close monitoring is required by the government through different agencies on the utilization of maternal health-care services.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"7 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79520249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3880
R. Kamat, Upendra Chaudhary, Sangita Trivedi
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare condition with a variety of symptoms. The most serious “salt losing” scenario is a medical emergency. A lack of 21 a-hydroxylase causes more than 90% of cases of CAH (21aOH). The adrenals produce excess sex hormones rather than cortisol. The vast majority of patients are unable to produce enough aldosterone. Girls are virilized, there is rapid somatic growth with the early epiphyseal fusion in both sexes, and there is even life-threatening hyponatremic dehydration. The following case report evaluates the clinical features, signs, and symptoms of CAH. A 1-day-old baby was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the Department of Pediatrics, New Civil Hospital, Surat, for ambiguous genitalia. Various studies were conducted, and karyotyping suggestive of 46xx 17OH progesterone decreased. The sodium level was 114.64 mmol and the potassium level was 4.81 mmol on electrolyte analysis. CAH is an autosomal recessive disorder, in which 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most common cause. In children, hydrocortisone is the preferred treatment.
先天性肾上腺增生症(CAH)是一种罕见的疾病，有多种症状。最严重的“盐流失”情况是医疗紧急情况。超过90%的CAH (21aOH)病例是由于缺乏21 A -羟化酶引起的。肾上腺分泌过多的性激素，而不是皮质醇。绝大多数患者无法产生足够的醛固酮。女孩是男性化的，两性都有快速的躯体生长和早期的骨骺融合，甚至有危及生命的低钠性脱水。以下病例报告评估了CAH的临床特征、体征和症状。一个1天大的婴儿住进新生儿重症监护室儿科，新民事医院，苏拉特，不明生殖器。进行了各种研究，核型提示46xx 17OH黄体酮减少。电解质分析钠含量为114.64 mmol，钾含量为4.81 mmol。CAH是一种常染色体隐性遗传病，其中21-羟化酶缺乏是最常见的原因。对于儿童，氢化可的松是首选的治疗方法。
{"title":"A case study of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","authors":"R. Kamat, Upendra Chaudhary, Sangita Trivedi","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i3.3880","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare condition with a variety of symptoms. The most serious “salt losing” scenario is a medical emergency. A lack of 21 a-hydroxylase causes more than 90% of cases of CAH (21aOH). The adrenals produce excess sex hormones rather than cortisol. The vast majority of patients are unable to produce enough aldosterone. Girls are virilized, there is rapid somatic growth with the early epiphyseal fusion in both sexes, and there is even life-threatening hyponatremic dehydration. The following case report evaluates the clinical features, signs, and symptoms of CAH. A 1-day-old baby was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the Department of Pediatrics, New Civil Hospital, Surat, for ambiguous genitalia. Various studies were conducted, and karyotyping suggestive of 46xx 17OH progesterone decreased. The sodium level was 114.64 mmol and the potassium level was 4.81 mmol on electrolyte analysis. CAH is an autosomal recessive disorder, in which 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most common cause. In children, hydrocortisone is the preferred treatment.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90997202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3840
Radha Reddy Syamala, C V S Lakshmi, Praman Kushwah
Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is one of the most common neoplasms diagnosed prenatally. Obstetric ultrasound plays a role in the diagnosis and management of these tumors during pregnancy. In this case report, we discuss the postnatal outcome and a multidisciplinary approach in a neonate with massive SCT and preterm delivery. A 36-year-old mother with a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes and polyhydramnios and a large mass in the sacrococcygeal region delivered a girl child at 35+4 weeks gestation by elective cesarean section following an in utero transport to our center. The teratoma, measuring 15×12 cm, was completely excised along with the coccyx and perineum postnatally on day 3 of life. As histopathology revealed a small cluster of pre-malignant yolk sac tissue, the infant is under the care of a hemato-oncologist. Multidisciplinary care including good obstetric practices with serial monitoring with ultrasonography, in utero transfer to a center with Level III Neonatal Intensive Care, and pediatric surgery services with good nursing care result in improved outcomes in these complexes prenatally diagnosed tumors.
{"title":"A rare case of sacroccocygeal teratoma type II with malignant yolk sac component","authors":"Radha Reddy Syamala, C V S Lakshmi, Praman Kushwah","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3840","url":null,"abstract":"Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is one of the most common neoplasms diagnosed prenatally. Obstetric ultrasound plays a role in the diagnosis and management of these tumors during pregnancy. In this case report, we discuss the postnatal outcome and a multidisciplinary approach in a neonate with massive SCT and preterm delivery. A 36-year-old mother with a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes and polyhydramnios and a large mass in the sacrococcygeal region delivered a girl child at 35+4 weeks gestation by elective cesarean section following an in utero transport to our center. The teratoma, measuring 15×12 cm, was completely excised along with the coccyx and perineum postnatally on day 3 of life. As histopathology revealed a small cluster of pre-malignant yolk sac tissue, the infant is under the care of a hemato-oncologist. Multidisciplinary care including good obstetric practices with serial monitoring with ultrasonography, in utero transfer to a center with Level III Neonatal Intensive Care, and pediatric surgery services with good nursing care result in improved outcomes in these complexes prenatally diagnosed tumors.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80783203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-05DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3864
Priya Kapoor, Shrunga Manchanapura Shivalingaiah
The study explored the efficacy of Oromotor exercises and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) to improve swallowing abilities pre- and post-behavioral intervention in a child with cerebral palsy (CP). A 4-year-old female child diagnosed with global developmental delay secondary to spastic quadriplegic CP and poor feeding skills was taken up for study. Oro-motor stimulation and PNF with taste, temperature, and texture were used. Therapy was given twice a week for 30 min. Pre- and post-intervention, a detailed Oro motor and feeding evaluation was performed. Post-therapy evaluation revealed significant increase in body weight, oromotor movements, International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative, Eating Drinking Ability Classification System level, frequency of water, and meal intake. The intense application of oromotor and PNF stimulation seemed to have effected significant improvements in feeding and swallowing abilities which translated to increased weight and positive parental feedback. This might have been responsible for positive outcomes seen in the present study as well.
{"title":"Improving swallowing function in a child with cerebral palsy: A single case study on the efficacy of intervention strategies","authors":"Priya Kapoor, Shrunga Manchanapura Shivalingaiah","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i2.3864","url":null,"abstract":"The study explored the efficacy of Oromotor exercises and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) to improve swallowing abilities pre- and post-behavioral intervention in a child with cerebral palsy (CP). A 4-year-old female child diagnosed with global developmental delay secondary to spastic quadriplegic CP and poor feeding skills was taken up for study. Oro-motor stimulation and PNF with taste, temperature, and texture were used. Therapy was given twice a week for 30 min. Pre- and post-intervention, a detailed Oro motor and feeding evaluation was performed. Post-therapy evaluation revealed significant increase in body weight, oromotor movements, International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative, Eating Drinking Ability Classification System level, frequency of water, and meal intake. The intense application of oromotor and PNF stimulation seemed to have effected significant improvements in feeding and swallowing abilities which translated to increased weight and positive parental feedback. This might have been responsible for positive outcomes seen in the present study as well.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"11 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78041230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Objectives: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) relapses are usually triggered by infections. Treatment of infections will be sufficient to cause resolution of symptoms. Our study aimed to determine frequency of spontaneous remission and its predictors. In addition, our main objective was to know the outcome of children after spontaneous remission of relapses for next 6 months. Materials and Methods: Prospective cohort study included all children who presented with NS relapses. Seventy-four children were enrolled from November 2016 to May 2018. Both, spontaneous remission YES and NO groups, were followed up for 6 month duration to study relapse free period and relapse rate. Results: About 53.7% relapses remitted spontaneously with only stress dose steroids. Duration of illness more than 24 months could predict likely chances of spontaneous remission RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29–0.87 (p=0.003). Outcome parameters, that is, relapse free period and relapse rate were similar in both groups. Conclusion: About 50% of NS relapses will remit spontaneously with only stress dose of steroids and if required antibiotics. Waiting period of 1 week for clearance of infection and occurrence of spontaneous remission may be necessary before contemplating long steroid course for all relapses. Further studies are required with large sample size.
{"title":"Spontaneous remission in nephrotic syndrome relapses followed up for 6 months – A prospective cohort study","authors":"Venu Kulkarni, Anil Kumar Hanumanna, Mallesh Kariyappa","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i1.3829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i1.3829","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objectives: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) relapses are usually triggered by infections. Treatment of infections will be sufficient to cause resolution of symptoms. Our study aimed to determine frequency of spontaneous remission and its predictors. In addition, our main objective was to know the outcome of children after spontaneous remission of relapses for next 6 months.\u0000Materials and Methods: Prospective cohort study included all children who presented with NS relapses. Seventy-four children were enrolled from November 2016 to May 2018. Both, spontaneous remission YES and NO groups, were followed up for 6 month duration to study relapse free period and relapse rate.\u0000Results: About 53.7% relapses remitted spontaneously with only stress dose steroids. Duration of illness more than 24 months could predict likely chances of spontaneous remission RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29–0.87 (p=0.003). Outcome parameters, that is, relapse free period and relapse rate were similar in both groups.\u0000Conclusion: About 50% of NS relapses will remit spontaneously with only stress dose of steroids and if required antibiotics. Waiting period of 1 week for clearance of infection and occurrence of spontaneous remission may be necessary before contemplating long steroid course for all relapses. Further studies are required with large sample size.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73500884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-27DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v10i1.3830
Sadashiva B Ukkali, Nagamani Kulkarni, Punitha Badsheshi, Ravindra Naganoor, A. Thobbi
Introduction: The most vulnerable period of human life is neonatal period, which accounts for most of the morbidities and mortalities. Most of them are preventable with adequate health-care facilities. Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the trends of neonatal mortality and identify the risk factors, most of which are preventable and measure the progress of health-care services. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Al-Ameen Children Hospital (AMCH) Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. Data were extracted from paper medical records at AMCH of a period of 1 year and digitized. Data obtained included age, sex and birth weight, place of delivery, morbidity profile, mortality profile, diagnosis, and period of stay in NICU. Results: A total of 648 neonates were admitted in NICU during the study period of 1-year duration, between January and December 2021. A total of 382 (58.9%) infants were discharged on recovery, 65 (10.3%) were referred due to unavailability of advanced surgical intervention, 39 (6%) were discharged against medical advice, 162 (25%) died due to various reasons. Male neonatal deaths outnumbered female neonates (56.8%). Among the total neonatal deaths, 82 (50.6%) were preterm neonates, 73 (45.1%) were term neonates and 7 (4.3%) were post-term neonates. It was noticed that among neonatal deaths, 87 (54.3%) babies were out-born and 75 (46.2%) babies were inborn. In this study, it was noticed that the mortality percentage of the neonate falling in the category of 1.5–1.9 kg was high compared to other categories. In our study, respiratory distress syndrome was the main cause of mortality accounting for 19.1% (31 cases) of total cases and prematurity was the most common risk factor. Conclusion: Improving the standard of antenatal care and encouraging deliveries in institutions having good NICU facility and early identification of risk factors help to reduce the mortality and its complications.
{"title":"Risk factors and trends in neonatal mortality in NICU in a tertiary care hospital in India","authors":"Sadashiva B Ukkali, Nagamani Kulkarni, Punitha Badsheshi, Ravindra Naganoor, A. Thobbi","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i1.3830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i1.3830","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The most vulnerable period of human life is neonatal period, which accounts for most of the morbidities and mortalities. Most of them are preventable with adequate health-care facilities.\u0000Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the trends of neonatal mortality and identify the risk factors, most of which are preventable and measure the progress of health-care services.\u0000Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Al-Ameen Children Hospital (AMCH) Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. Data were extracted from paper medical records at AMCH of a period of 1 year and digitized. Data obtained included age, sex and birth weight, place of delivery, morbidity profile, mortality profile, diagnosis, and period of stay in NICU.\u0000Results: A total of 648 neonates were admitted in NICU during the study period of 1-year duration, between January and December 2021. A total of 382 (58.9%) infants were discharged on recovery, 65 (10.3%) were referred due to unavailability of advanced surgical intervention, 39 (6%) were discharged against medical advice, 162 (25%) died due to various reasons. Male neonatal deaths outnumbered female neonates (56.8%). Among the total neonatal deaths, 82 (50.6%) were preterm neonates, 73 (45.1%) were term neonates and 7 (4.3%) were post-term neonates. It was noticed that among neonatal deaths, 87 (54.3%) babies were out-born and 75 (46.2%) babies were inborn. In this study, it was noticed that the mortality percentage of the neonate falling in the category of 1.5–1.9 kg was high compared to other categories. In our study, respiratory distress syndrome was the main cause of mortality accounting for 19.1% (31 cases) of total cases and prematurity was the most common risk factor.\u0000Conclusion: Improving the standard of antenatal care and encouraging deliveries in institutions having good NICU facility and early identification of risk factors help to reduce the mortality and its complications.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80923919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malnutrition is a pathological state resulting from the relative or absolute deficiency or excess of one or more essential nutrients, whether this state manifests itself clinically, or whether detectable only by biological, anthropometric, or physiological analyses. This study uses a cross-sectional survey conducted on a representative sample of 60 mothers with their children aged 0–6 months (special cases) admitted at the Intensive Nutritional Education and Recovery Center of the Maradi Regional Hospital from May 23 to July 23, 2022. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the nutritional rehabilitation of children in special cases within this service. Data collection was done on 60 children with severe acute malnutrition. A questionnaire was addressed to the mothers of malnourished children. The hospital records were also used to access information on the anthropometric parameters, thus determining the nutritional status of the children studied. The study results show that children aged 0–3 months are the most affected by malnutrition and are special cases with a weight/height ratio below minus 3 z-score. They most often suffer from diarrhea with a rate of 41.6% and fever with a rate of 21.7%. These children generally come from parents with no schooling and with limited resources. It can also be noted that most of these malnourished children come from mothers who practiced mixed breastfeeding. To get done, during treatment, the majority of patients have to use the diluted F100 as the type of diet and a mode of feeding with the cup. The supplementary suckling technique was applied to get heal the special cases in need. In conclusion, the study affirms that socioeconomic and environmental factors play a very important role in the persistence of malnutrition in this part of the world.
{"title":"Nutritional rehabilitation of special cases of malnourished children aged 0 to 6 months at the Maradi Regional Hospital, Niger","authors":"Issoufou Amadou, Mazou Hamadou, Oumarou Samna Soumana","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v10i1.3818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v10i1.3818","url":null,"abstract":"Malnutrition is a pathological state resulting from the relative or absolute deficiency or excess of one or more essential nutrients, whether this state manifests itself clinically, or whether detectable only by biological, anthropometric, or physiological analyses. This study uses a cross-sectional survey conducted on a representative sample of 60 mothers with their children aged 0–6 months (special cases) admitted at the Intensive Nutritional Education and Recovery Center of the Maradi Regional Hospital from May 23 to July 23, 2022. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the nutritional rehabilitation of children in special cases within this service. Data collection was done on 60 children with severe acute malnutrition. A questionnaire was addressed to the mothers of malnourished children. The hospital records were also used to access information on the anthropometric parameters, thus determining the nutritional status of the children studied. The study results show that children aged 0–3 months are the most affected by malnutrition and are special cases with a weight/height ratio below minus 3 z-score. They most often suffer from diarrhea with a rate of 41.6% and fever with a rate of 21.7%. These children generally come from parents with no schooling and with limited resources. It can also be noted that most of these malnourished children come from mothers who practiced mixed breastfeeding. To get done, during treatment, the majority of patients have to use the diluted F100 as the type of diet and a mode of feeding with the cup. The supplementary suckling technique was applied to get heal the special cases in need. In conclusion, the study affirms that socioeconomic and environmental factors play a very important role in the persistence of malnutrition in this part of the world.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73917094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32677/ijch.v9i12.3749
Devina Pande, Zahi Parekh, S. Kanhere
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the impact of the prolonged lockdown, due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, on the daily life, education, mental and family health, and general well-being of adolescents and young adults in India. Materials and Methods: A total of 210 participants aged 12–21 years formed the study sample. After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, a cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-designed validated online questionnaire. Consent/assent was taken and confidentiality was assured. The questionnaire consisted of 33 questions. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, expressed as frequency and percentages, and converted to charts and graphs. Results: Most (88%) of the respondents understood the severity of the pandemic. The majority (85%) of educational institutions conducted online classes; however, classroom lectures were preferred over online lectures by 171 (81.4%) students. Thirty-seven (36.7%) students had been affected by the cancellation of entrance exams. Eagerness to return to school/college was found amongst 135 (64.2%) participants. Lockdown restrictions led to 56% of activities being screen-based, leading to headaches and eye strain in 167 (79.5%) students. Participants were bored, irritated, and anxious, but 56.2% of them remained positive by developing new hobbies, reading, or spending time with family. Sixty-nine (32.8%) respondents or their close family members suffered from mild COVID symptoms; however, it was a major strain on their mental health. Conclusion: Overall, the pandemic and prolonged lockdown had a mixed impact on 82 (39%), a negative impact on 65 (31%), and a positive impact on 63(30%) of adolescents and young adults.
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