Dhruv Kalawadia, S. Ramkrishna, B. Verma, S. Dalwai, Manisha Garg
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated lockdowns have affected the development of children negatively. The ARCH model is a parent-administered, home-based, psychological intervention model to improve the psychosocial well-being of children and their families. The model acts as a set of guidelines and a list of activity modules for parent-child interactions that will promote and enhance the child’s social skills and psychological health. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the effectiveness of a novel innovative psychological model and parenting strategy for promoting the psychosocial well-being of children. Materials and Methods: This is an open prospective single-arm study in a tertiary care hospital with pre-and post-intervention design. Patients aged 3–18 years visiting the outpatient department, admitted to the pediatric ward as well as their parents, and siblings, were enrolled in the study. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires. The intervention was administered and 1–2 months later we checked for any changes in the psychosocial well-being scores. Results: Fifty participants were enrolled and eight were lost to follow-up. Statistical analysis showed an insignificant difference in the Ryff psychosocial well-being pre-intervention score (208.5±15.1) and post-intervention scores (208.4±14.8) (p=0.847) for parents. KIDSCREEN questionnaire score showed a significant improvement in “social service and peers” subcategory, between pre-intervention score (128.83±17.18) and post-intervention score (131.29±16.60) with a Z score=2.09 (p<0.05). KIDSCREEN questionnaire score also showed improvement in overall score in pre-intervention score (578.64±440.39) and post-intervention score (584.40±444.19) with a Z score=1.66 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study found that while the intervention did not have a major impact on the psychosocial well-being of the parents, there was a significant difference effected on the psychosocial well-being of the children.
{"title":"study of the impact of the ARCH model of parenting on the psychosocial well-being of children and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Dhruv Kalawadia, S. Ramkrishna, B. Verma, S. Dalwai, Manisha Garg","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i4.3400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i4.3400","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated lockdowns have affected the development of children negatively. The ARCH model is a parent-administered, home-based, psychological intervention model to improve the psychosocial well-being of children and their families. The model acts as a set of guidelines and a list of activity modules for parent-child interactions that will promote and enhance the child’s social skills and psychological health. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the effectiveness of a novel innovative psychological model and parenting strategy for promoting the psychosocial well-being of children. Materials and Methods: This is an open prospective single-arm study in a tertiary care hospital with pre-and post-intervention design. Patients aged 3–18 years visiting the outpatient department, admitted to the pediatric ward as well as their parents, and siblings, were enrolled in the study. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires. The intervention was administered and 1–2 months later we checked for any changes in the psychosocial well-being scores. Results: Fifty participants were enrolled and eight were lost to follow-up. Statistical analysis showed an insignificant difference in the Ryff psychosocial well-being pre-intervention score (208.5±15.1) and post-intervention scores (208.4±14.8) (p=0.847) for parents. KIDSCREEN questionnaire score showed a significant improvement in “social service and peers” subcategory, between pre-intervention score (128.83±17.18) and post-intervention score (131.29±16.60) with a Z score=2.09 (p<0.05). KIDSCREEN questionnaire score also showed improvement in overall score in pre-intervention score (578.64±440.39) and post-intervention score (584.40±444.19) with a Z score=1.66 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study found that while the intervention did not have a major impact on the psychosocial well-being of the parents, there was a significant difference effected on the psychosocial well-being of the children.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80146295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Appendicitis is one of the rare causes of acute abdomen in the neonatal age group. We describe one such case in a term baby and discuss its pathogenesis as one of the presentations of Necrotising Enterocolitis.
{"title":"Neonatal appendicitis: A rare presentation of necrotising enterocolitis in a term infant","authors":"S. Rao, Nandita Saxena, Kumar Salvii, V. Chavan","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i4.3223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i4.3223","url":null,"abstract":"Appendicitis is one of the rare causes of acute abdomen in the neonatal age group. We describe one such case in a term baby and discuss its pathogenesis as one of the presentations of Necrotising Enterocolitis.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80957889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Tremendous rise in behavioral disorders in child population demands screening at the earliest. Screening asymptomatic preschool children using validated preschool child behavior checklist (CBCL) (1½–5 years) may help in early diagnosis and treatment. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the behavioral problems, estimate their proportion in study population, and find its association with various sociodemographic factors. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was undertaken in which 192 children of age group 1½–5 years were selected from the outpatient department attendees of a tertiary care hospital. Validated preschool CBCL was used which has 100 statements, each scored by parents as 0=not true, 1=somewhat true, or 2=very true and categorized to CBCL empirically based scale internal problems, external problems, total problems, and CBCL-diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (CBCL-DSM) oriented scale. Based on total score, they were categorized to normal, borderline, and clinical range for CBCL both scales. Sociodemographic risk factors were recorded. Results: The overall proportion for behavioral disorder was 16% in studied population. Autism spectrum problems constitute highest (13%) of CBCL-DSM oriented scale problems. CBCL empirically based scale external problems are more in boys (16.3%) than girls (6.8%) in the clinical range (p=0.01). Conclusion: High proportion (16%) of behavioral disorders in preschool children, especially in boys, points toward need of early screening and intervention.
{"title":"Screening of behavioral problems in children using child behavior checklist (1½–5 years)","authors":"Amalu George, J. Shrivastava","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i4.3159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i4.3159","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tremendous rise in behavioral disorders in child population demands screening at the earliest. Screening asymptomatic preschool children using validated preschool child behavior checklist (CBCL) (1½–5 years) may help in early diagnosis and treatment. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the behavioral problems, estimate their proportion in study population, and find its association with various sociodemographic factors. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was undertaken in which 192 children of age group 1½–5 years were selected from the outpatient department attendees of a tertiary care hospital. Validated preschool CBCL was used which has 100 statements, each scored by parents as 0=not true, 1=somewhat true, or 2=very true and categorized to CBCL empirically based scale internal problems, external problems, total problems, and CBCL-diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (CBCL-DSM) oriented scale. Based on total score, they were categorized to normal, borderline, and clinical range for CBCL both scales. Sociodemographic risk factors were recorded. Results: The overall proportion for behavioral disorder was 16% in studied population. Autism spectrum problems constitute highest (13%) of CBCL-DSM oriented scale problems. CBCL empirically based scale external problems are more in boys (16.3%) than girls (6.8%) in the clinical range (p=0.01). Conclusion: High proportion (16%) of behavioral disorders in preschool children, especially in boys, points toward need of early screening and intervention.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81930700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kris Wilson, Aswathy Rahul, Suvadha Krishnan, Radhika Sujatha, S. Saraswathyamma
Ludwig’s angina is a rapidly progressive life-threatening disease, characterized by gangrenous cellulitis and edema of the soft tissues of the neck and the floor of the mouth. The incidence is very rare in children and even rarer in neonates, with sparse case reports. Early diagnosis is crucial in anticipating airway compromise and early management. We are reporting a case history of an 11-day old neonate who presented with an excess cry of 1-day duration and suspected sepsis. Gradually, he developed stridor, and swelling was noted in the submental area, which got progressed to a state of airway compromise and multiorgan dysfunction over a few hours. Drainage of the submental area yielded 10 ml pus which grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus later. The baby succumbed to death within 12 h of the onset of symptoms.
{"title":"Neonatal Ludwig’s angina with a whirlwind progression and catastrophic outcome: A case report","authors":"Kris Wilson, Aswathy Rahul, Suvadha Krishnan, Radhika Sujatha, S. Saraswathyamma","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i4.3411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i4.3411","url":null,"abstract":"Ludwig’s angina is a rapidly progressive life-threatening disease, characterized by gangrenous cellulitis and edema of the soft tissues of the neck and the floor of the mouth. The incidence is very rare in children and even rarer in neonates, with sparse case reports. Early diagnosis is crucial in anticipating airway compromise and early management. We are reporting a case history of an 11-day old neonate who presented with an excess cry of 1-day duration and suspected sepsis. Gradually, he developed stridor, and swelling was noted in the submental area, which got progressed to a state of airway compromise and multiorgan dysfunction over a few hours. Drainage of the submental area yielded 10 ml pus which grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus later. The baby succumbed to death within 12 h of the onset of symptoms.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76916596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive variety of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma where a neoplastic monoclonal proliferation of the lymphoid cells occurs at the site of the immune system. BL is commonly related to human immunodeficiency virus infections, EBV infections, and malaria-endemic region. BL at the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in pediatric age is extremely rare and often spread to the skull base and brain rapidly. It often presents with non-specific symptoms which lead to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. The symptoms of pediatric patients with nasal and nasopharyngeal BL are range from obstruction of the nasal cavity to recurrent nasal bleeding, headache, and facial pain. The diversity of the symptomatology of this clinical entity is mostly associated with the anatomical location of this tumor. Late diagnosis or misdiagnosis usually causes a fatal outcome. Hence, early identification and treatment improve the prognosis of pediatric nasal and nasopharyngeal BL. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry usually confirm the diagnosis. This aggressive and rapidly growing lymphoma is curable and highly sensitive to chemotherapy. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the important aspects of preventing complications and curing BL. This review article aims to discuss the nasal and nasopharyngeal BL in pediatric age including its epidemiology, etiopathology, investigations, and current treatment. It will also catalyze additional studies for BL.
{"title":"Nasal and nasopharyngeal Burkitt’s lymphoma in pediatric age group – A review","authors":"S. Swain","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i3.3385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i3.3385","url":null,"abstract":"Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive variety of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma where a neoplastic monoclonal proliferation of the lymphoid cells occurs at the site of the immune system. BL is commonly related to human immunodeficiency virus infections, EBV infections, and malaria-endemic region. BL at the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in pediatric age is extremely rare and often spread to the skull base and brain rapidly. It often presents with non-specific symptoms which lead to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. The symptoms of pediatric patients with nasal and nasopharyngeal BL are range from obstruction of the nasal cavity to recurrent nasal bleeding, headache, and facial pain. The diversity of the symptomatology of this clinical entity is mostly associated with the anatomical location of this tumor. Late diagnosis or misdiagnosis usually causes a fatal outcome. Hence, early identification and treatment improve the prognosis of pediatric nasal and nasopharyngeal BL. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry usually confirm the diagnosis. This aggressive and rapidly growing lymphoma is curable and highly sensitive to chemotherapy. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the important aspects of preventing complications and curing BL. This review article aims to discuss the nasal and nasopharyngeal BL in pediatric age including its epidemiology, etiopathology, investigations, and current treatment. It will also catalyze additional studies for BL.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78533532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kapoor, Ms. Gayatri Dharmadhikari, Ms. Vaishnavi Salunke
Background: Feeding is a vital source of energy and a necessity for survival. It is pivotal that mothers of new-born are aware of correct feeding patterns as it may impact the feed and health of the infant. The present study aimed to explore the awareness of various breastfeeding and bottle-feeding patterns in first-time mothers of infants up to 6 months of age. Materials and Methods: The participants in the study were 56 first-time mothers with infants <6-month old who had no medical history. The study design was exploratory and duration of study was 3 months. A questionnaire was used in the study to elicit information about feeding pattern awareness. The questionnaire consisted of eight Marathi-language questions based on eight feeding variables. Data were not normally distributed hence non-parametric test, Chi-square analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results: Results revealed in both the groups, the cradle position was employed for feeding. In certain mother-infant pairings, the mouth of the newborn was found to be well latched to the breast. In both groups, there was a lot of parent-child interaction when feeding. In general, 100% of infants acquire weight gradually. Conclusion: Overall, mothers in both the groups had a strong understanding of breastfeeding and bottle-feeding, which is very empirical for safe and efficient feeding.
{"title":"Awareness of feeding patterns in first-time mothers","authors":"M. Kapoor, Ms. Gayatri Dharmadhikari, Ms. Vaishnavi Salunke","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i3.3344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i3.3344","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Feeding is a vital source of energy and a necessity for survival. It is pivotal that mothers of new-born are aware of correct feeding patterns as it may impact the feed and health of the infant. The present study aimed to explore the awareness of various breastfeeding and bottle-feeding patterns in first-time mothers of infants up to 6 months of age. Materials and Methods: The participants in the study were 56 first-time mothers with infants <6-month old who had no medical history. The study design was exploratory and duration of study was 3 months. A questionnaire was used in the study to elicit information about feeding pattern awareness. The questionnaire consisted of eight Marathi-language questions based on eight feeding variables. Data were not normally distributed hence non-parametric test, Chi-square analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results: Results revealed in both the groups, the cradle position was employed for feeding. In certain mother-infant pairings, the mouth of the newborn was found to be well latched to the breast. In both groups, there was a lot of parent-child interaction when feeding. In general, 100% of infants acquire weight gradually. Conclusion: Overall, mothers in both the groups had a strong understanding of breastfeeding and bottle-feeding, which is very empirical for safe and efficient feeding.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77182914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shreyas A Surpure, Shobha Sharma, Sonal Saste, N. Kabra, S. Bavdekar
Background: There is conflicting evidence regarding the association of elevated blood pressure and SGA status. Most of the studies showing positive association have demonstrated this association in children aged above 7 years. Objectives: To determine if there is a significant difference between the proportion of children aged 3-5 years, born-SGA and those born-AGA developing hypertension. Methodology: The observational cross-sectional study was carried out at a private tertiary care hospital. Clinically healthy children (age: 3-5 years) were enrolled and grouped as those who born-SGA and those who were born AGA. Blood pressure was recorded with oscillometric device and procedure was repeated three times at an interval of at least 10 minutes. The mean of three blood pressure recordings was considered as the participant’s true blood pressure. The demographic characteristics of the study population were summarized using descriptive statistics. Categorical outcomes were compared by using Chi square or Fischer exact test. For continuous outcomes, ‘t test’ was used. P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study enrolled 27 SGA-born children and 27 AGA-born children. Nine children (33.33%) in the SGA group and one child (3.7%) in the AGA group developed hypertension (p= 0.011). The systolic blood pressure in the SGA group (103.20±8.62 mmHg) was significantly higher than that in the AGA group (98.58±6.60 mmHg) (p=0.031). The diastolic blood pressure (mean ± SD) in the SGA group was 62.75 ± 9.19 mm Hg. There was no significant difference between the diastolic blood pressures in the two groups (AGA: 59.00±5.11mm Hg, SGA: 62.75 ± 9.19; p= 0.07). Conclusion: Being born SGA was thus found to be a risk factor for hypertension in 3-5 years old children.
{"title":"Small for gestational age: A risk factor for the development of hypertension in childhood?","authors":"Shreyas A Surpure, Shobha Sharma, Sonal Saste, N. Kabra, S. Bavdekar","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i2.3287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i2.3287","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is conflicting evidence regarding the association of elevated blood pressure and SGA status. Most of the studies showing positive association have demonstrated this association in children aged above 7 years. \u0000Objectives: To determine if there is a significant difference between the proportion of children aged 3-5 years, born-SGA and those born-AGA developing hypertension. \u0000Methodology: The observational cross-sectional study was carried out at a private tertiary care hospital. Clinically healthy children (age: 3-5 years) were enrolled and grouped as those who born-SGA and those who were born AGA. Blood pressure was recorded with oscillometric device and procedure was repeated three times at an interval of at least 10 minutes. The mean of three blood pressure recordings was considered as the participant’s true blood pressure. The demographic characteristics of the study population were summarized using descriptive statistics. Categorical outcomes were compared by using Chi square or Fischer exact test. For continuous outcomes, ‘t test’ was used. P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. \u0000Results: The study enrolled 27 SGA-born children and 27 AGA-born children. Nine children (33.33%) in the SGA group and one child (3.7%) in the AGA group developed hypertension (p= 0.011). The systolic blood pressure in the SGA group (103.20±8.62 mmHg) was significantly higher than that in the AGA group (98.58±6.60 mmHg) (p=0.031). The diastolic blood pressure (mean ± SD) in the SGA group was 62.75 ± 9.19 mm Hg. There was no significant difference between the diastolic blood pressures in the two groups (AGA: 59.00±5.11mm Hg, SGA: 62.75 ± 9.19; p= 0.07). \u0000Conclusion: Being born SGA was thus found to be a risk factor for hypertension in 3-5 years old children.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80993131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis (ICCA) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterised by convulsions during infancy with paroxysmal choreoathetosis at a later age. Mutations in proline rich transmembrane protein 2 (PRRT2) gene have been identified as a cause for ICCA syndrome. Carbamazepine or phenytoin is effective in preventing seizure recurrence and controlling dyskinesias. Here, we report a child with ICCA syndrome with homozygous mutation in PRRT2 gene.
{"title":"INFANTILE CONVULSIONS AND CHOREOATHETOSIS (ICCA) SYNDROME WITH PRRT2 MUTATION-A CASE REPORT","authors":"Velusamy S, S. Kumar M, D. K","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i2.3311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i2.3311","url":null,"abstract":"Infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis (ICCA) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterised by convulsions during infancy with paroxysmal choreoathetosis at a later age. Mutations in proline rich transmembrane protein 2 (PRRT2) gene have been identified as a cause for ICCA syndrome. Carbamazepine or phenytoin is effective in preventing seizure recurrence and controlling dyskinesias. Here, we report a child with ICCA syndrome with homozygous mutation in PRRT2 gene.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74131218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Neonatal sepsis is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries requiring early diagnosis and treatment. The Gold standard Blood culture results are often delayed for 48 h with high false-negative values. Emerging evidence suggests that platelet indices such as plateletcrit, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) are reliable biomarkers that are readily available while obtaining routine complete blood counts. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of platelet count (Platelets) and its indices in the early diagnosis of sepsis. Settings and Design: Blood samples were collected from all neonates admitted to the hospital with features of suspected sepsis. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients were recruited for this cross-sectional analytical prospective study. All neonates delivered in Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences and those referred from outside with features of suspected septicemia meeting the inclusion criteria were taken for study purposes. Blood samples were collected at the time of admission. Patients were divided into three groups clinically suspected sepsis (probable sepsis), culture-positive sepsis, and culture-negative sepsis. Non-parametric tests like the Chi-square test were applied to see the association between the variables. The three groups were compared for Platelets and its indices with the Analysis of variance test. Results: MPV was 219.2, 174.8, and 205.7 (p<0.031), PDW 8.3, 12.5, and 11.5 (p<0.174) and MPV as 10.9, 9.94 and 11.9 (p<0.556) in probable sepsis, culture-positive and culture-negative sepsis, respectively. Conclusions: Platelets and its indices can be considered as a diagnostic tool for neonatal sepsis as it is cheap, rapid, and easily available and does not require additional equipment.
{"title":"Platelet count and its indices-effectiveness in early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis","authors":"Priti Singh, V. Chandar","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i1.3266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i1.3266","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Neonatal sepsis is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries requiring early diagnosis and treatment. The Gold standard Blood culture results are often delayed for 48 h with high false-negative values. Emerging evidence suggests that platelet indices such as plateletcrit, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) are reliable biomarkers that are readily available while obtaining routine complete blood counts. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of platelet count (Platelets) and its indices in the early diagnosis of sepsis. Settings and Design: Blood samples were collected from all neonates admitted to the hospital with features of suspected sepsis. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients were recruited for this cross-sectional analytical prospective study. All neonates delivered in Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences and those referred from outside with features of suspected septicemia meeting the inclusion criteria were taken for study purposes. Blood samples were collected at the time of admission. Patients were divided into three groups clinically suspected sepsis (probable sepsis), culture-positive sepsis, and culture-negative sepsis. Non-parametric tests like the Chi-square test were applied to see the association between the variables. The three groups were compared for Platelets and its indices with the Analysis of variance test. Results: MPV was 219.2, 174.8, and 205.7 (p<0.031), PDW 8.3, 12.5, and 11.5 (p<0.174) and MPV as 10.9, 9.94 and 11.9 (p<0.556) in probable sepsis, culture-positive and culture-negative sepsis, respectively. Conclusions: Platelets and its indices can be considered as a diagnostic tool for neonatal sepsis as it is cheap, rapid, and easily available and does not require additional equipment.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88984634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The aim of the study was to validate the utility of neck circumference (NC) as an anthropometric measure of the central obesity and its correlation with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The aim of the study was to determine age and gender specific NC cutoffs for screening central obesity. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in 1139 children and adolescents aged 6–17 years. NC, WC, and BMI were measured. To define overweight and obesity in children, the 23rd and 27th adult equivalent lines for BMI as presented in the revised Indian Academy of Pediatrics growth charts were used. Results: Overweight and obese children had significantly higher NC than those with normal BMI (p<0.001). NC showed a positive correlation with both WC and BMI (p<0.001). In children aged <12 years, NC cutoff for screening obesity was 26.5 cm in both boys (sensitivity 83.3% and specificity 71.7%) and girls (81.4% and 70.5%). The area under the curve for NC was greater than that of WC in both boys (0.86 vs. 0.76) and girls (0.82 vs. 0.66). In children aged 12–17 years, NC cutoff values were 34 cm in boys (sensitivity 83.33% and specificity 75.60%) and 31 cm in girls (94.34% and 83.29%). The area under curve for WC was greater than that of NC in boys (0.94 vs. 0.88) and almost similar in girls (0.96 vs. 0.95). Conclusions: NC can accurately identify children with a high BMI. It is a better anthropometric measure than WC in identifying prepubertal children with central obesity. In children aged 12–17 years, it can be considered a good alternative for screening central obesity.
目的:本研究的目的是验证颈围(NC)作为中心性肥胖的人体测量指标的效用及其与体重指数(BMI)和腰围(WC)的相关性。该研究的目的是确定年龄和性别特异性NC临界值，以筛查中心性肥胖。材料和方法:本描述性研究纳入了1139名6-17岁的儿童和青少年。测量NC、WC和BMI。为了定义儿童的超重和肥胖，使用了修订后的印度儿科学会生长图表中提供的第23和27条成人等效BMI线。结果:超重和肥胖儿童的NC明显高于BMI正常儿童(p<0.001)。NC与WC、BMI均呈正相关(p<0.001)。在<12岁的儿童中，男孩(敏感性83.3%，特异性71.7%)和女孩(81.4%，特异性70.5%)筛查肥胖的NC临界值均为26.5 cm。NC的曲线下面积在男孩(0.86比0.76)和女孩(0.82比0.66)中均大于WC。在12-17岁的儿童中，男孩的NC临界值为34 cm(敏感性83.33%，特异性75.60%)，女孩为31 cm(94.34%，特异性83.29%)。男孩WC的曲线下面积大于NC (0.94 vs. 0.88)，女孩WC的曲线下面积几乎相同(0.96 vs. 0.95)。结论:NC可准确识别高BMI儿童。它是鉴别青春期前儿童中心性肥胖的较好的人体测量指标。在12-17岁的儿童中，它可以被认为是筛查中心性肥胖的一个很好的选择。
{"title":"Neck circumference in children and adolescents –an emerging tool for screening central obesity","authors":"M. Malini, S. Kalpana, S. Lakshmi","doi":"10.32677/ijch.v9i1.3299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v9i1.3299","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to validate the utility of neck circumference (NC) as an anthropometric measure of the central obesity and its correlation with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The aim of the study was to determine age and gender specific NC cutoffs for screening central obesity. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in 1139 children and adolescents aged 6–17 years. NC, WC, and BMI were measured. To define overweight and obesity in children, the 23rd and 27th adult equivalent lines for BMI as presented in the revised Indian Academy of Pediatrics growth charts were used. Results: Overweight and obese children had significantly higher NC than those with normal BMI (p<0.001). NC showed a positive correlation with both WC and BMI (p<0.001). In children aged <12 years, NC cutoff for screening obesity was 26.5 cm in both boys (sensitivity 83.3% and specificity 71.7%) and girls (81.4% and 70.5%). The area under the curve for NC was greater than that of WC in both boys (0.86 vs. 0.76) and girls (0.82 vs. 0.66). In children aged 12–17 years, NC cutoff values were 34 cm in boys (sensitivity 83.33% and specificity 75.60%) and 31 cm in girls (94.34% and 83.29%). The area under curve for WC was greater than that of NC in boys (0.94 vs. 0.88) and almost similar in girls (0.96 vs. 0.95). Conclusions: NC can accurately identify children with a high BMI. It is a better anthropometric measure than WC in identifying prepubertal children with central obesity. In children aged 12–17 years, it can be considered a good alternative for screening central obesity.","PeriodicalId":22476,"journal":{"name":"The Indian journal of child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91315923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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