Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.26-27
F. E. Şeşen
Manganese is an important metal used in steel industry. It is abundant in steel as an alloying element. Additionally, it is used as a deoxidiser in steel production. In steel industry, manganese metal is used as an intermediate product of ferromanganese. Ferromanganese is generally produced by reduction of oxidised manganese. Reduction is in the form of either metalothermic reduction or carbothermic reduction. Practically, metallographic reduction is performed with silicon or aluminium which form more stable oxides than magnesium. Carbothermic reduction means reduction with carbon. All of the reduction reactions are highly endothermic and a high amount of thermal energy is required for the accomplishment of these reactions [1, 2]. The most abundant forms of the manganese oxides are MnO2, Mn2O3, Mn3O4 and MnO. These compounds dissociate during heating.
{"title":"Practical reduction of manganese oxide","authors":"F. E. Şeşen","doi":"10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.26-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.26-27","url":null,"abstract":"Manganese is an important metal used in steel industry. It is abundant in steel as an alloying element. Additionally, it is used as a deoxidiser in steel production. In steel industry, manganese metal is used as an intermediate product of ferromanganese. Ferromanganese is generally produced by reduction of oxidised manganese. Reduction is in the form of either metalothermic reduction or carbothermic reduction. Practically, metallographic reduction is performed with silicon or aluminium which form more stable oxides than magnesium. Carbothermic reduction means reduction with carbon. All of the reduction reactions are highly endothermic and a high amount of thermal energy is required for the accomplishment of these reactions [1, 2]. The most abundant forms of the manganese oxides are MnO2, Mn2O3, Mn3O4 and MnO. These compounds dissociate during heating.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82775038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.28
A. K. Singh
Chemical technology and its application play a vital role in all branches of engineering and science. Now-a-days nanotechnology is fully based on chemical technologies which improve the strength with high reliability in many areas such as aerospace, construction, vehicles, etc. for that many researchers and scientists team working in laboratories so hard to collect valuable information from chemical products, which safe for lifetime career with its many diverse applications. Many new thighs come through research in the laboratories, testinstruments and from the manufacturing chemical products.
{"title":"Opinion regarding chemical technology and its applications","authors":"A. K. Singh","doi":"10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.28","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical technology and its application play a vital role in all branches of engineering and science. Now-a-days nanotechnology is fully based on chemical technologies which improve the strength with high reliability in many areas such as aerospace, construction, vehicles, etc. for that many researchers and scientists team working in laboratories so hard to collect valuable information from chemical products, which safe for lifetime career with its many diverse applications. Many new thighs come through research in the laboratories, testinstruments and from the manufacturing chemical products.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"28-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88477890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/chemical-technology.1.1.1-6
Sharikov Fi, Sharikov Iv
The problem of optimal control for a highly exothermal technological process with distributed state variables and with a large dead time is discussed. The main steps of creating a flexible control system with using the object model in the control loop are considered. It is shown that heat flux calorimetry is an effective experimental technique for the development of a process model based upon corresponding multistage kinetic model. It can be also applied to multiphase reaction systems together with simplified hydrodynamic models for mass transfer phenomena description. A successful application of this approach for developing the process mathematical model and its further introduction to the corresponding control system has been demonstrated for an important industrial process ? modification of epoxy resins with butanediol-1,4 for further synthesis of epoxy-urethane polymers with improved physico-chemical and mechanical properties. The process mathematical model makes it possible to specify the optimal operating mode for each resin and implement the optimal control.
{"title":"Development of an optimal control scheme for the process of epoxy resins modification with a complicated mathematical model in the control loop.","authors":"Sharikov Fi, Sharikov Iv","doi":"10.35841/chemical-technology.1.1.1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/chemical-technology.1.1.1-6","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of optimal control for a highly exothermal technological process with distributed state variables and with a large dead time is discussed. The main steps of creating a flexible control system with using the object model in the control loop are considered. It is shown that heat flux calorimetry is an effective experimental technique for the development of a process model based upon corresponding multistage kinetic model. It can be also applied to multiphase reaction systems together with simplified hydrodynamic models for mass transfer phenomena description. A successful application of this approach for developing the process mathematical model and its further introduction to the corresponding control system has been demonstrated for an important industrial process ? modification of epoxy resins with butanediol-1,4 for further synthesis of epoxy-urethane polymers with improved physico-chemical and mechanical properties. The process mathematical model makes it possible to specify the optimal operating mode for each resin and implement the optimal control.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89543463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/chemical-technology.1.1.31
Asmita Sengupta
This is interesting, but true. As a subject, chemistry is young but the related technology is ancient. Humans have been using it but since the historians have forgotten to record, it has become impossible for us to tell you the exact date and year. Surely they were using various chemical processes even without having any idea of what they were doing but only knew that they were doing those inconsequential experiments to bring more comforts. To day even a kid knows detail about, say, curd, but imagine on those days when the dawn of civilization was not even at the horizon, this particular knowledge was invented by a person or a family following a chemical process even without knowing the forces used to get a complex food like curd! So chemical processes were there by virtue of accidents and some process was initiated as play but all those contributed to pick up a momentum in developing civilization.
{"title":"Research dynamics depends on a journal publication.","authors":"Asmita Sengupta","doi":"10.35841/chemical-technology.1.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/chemical-technology.1.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"This is interesting, but true. As a subject, chemistry is young but the related technology is ancient. Humans have been using it but since the historians have forgotten to record, it has become impossible for us to tell you the exact date and year. Surely they were using various chemical processes even without having any idea of what they were doing but only knew that they were doing those inconsequential experiments to bring more comforts. To day even a kid knows detail about, say, curd, but imagine on those days when the dawn of civilization was not even at the horizon, this particular knowledge was invented by a person or a family following a chemical process even without knowing the forces used to get a complex food like curd! So chemical processes were there by virtue of accidents and some process was initiated as play but all those contributed to pick up a momentum in developing civilization.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"31-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80102940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.14-25
A. Almansour, W. Al-Bazzaz
Tar-mat columns exist in many carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East. The presence of tar mats has become one of the most serious problems in the oil industry, as it impacts the extraction of primary oil and the application of improved oil recovery (IOR) technologies On the other hand, tar mats can be considered potential oil reserves in and of themselves. Tar mats, which are generally dark brown to black semi-solids, can isolate the aquifer from an oil reservoir. Understanding tar mats and being able to characterize and identify them is critical for minimizing production costs and strategically producing crude oil. The objective of the study presented here was to characterize the physical and chemical properties of extremely viscous tar-mat oil and to evaluate the properties of the organic matter before and after the extraction. Five tar-mat cores were collected from a Kuwaiti carbonate reservoir, and 13 samples were prepared from each tar-mat core. One sample from each core was used for the evaluation before the extraction, while the other 12 were used for the evaluation after the extraction by toluene, hot water, and surfactant under different temperatures (25°C, 135°C, 225°C, and 315°C). The chemical genesis of tar-mat oil samples has been analyzed using novel techniques such as Vario Macro Elemental Analysis 106, Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis, the Soxhlet apparatus, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The results of the geochemical analysis using Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis showed that the Kuwaiti carbonate reservoir was oil-prone and capable of oil/gas production (type ll and ll-lll kerogen). Most of the samples were thermally mature and good in terms of hydrocarbon generation. However, oil could not have been produced from these samples naturally. Also, the ratio of H/C increased as the API decreased. Moreover, the results showed that toluene had more of an impact on most of the parameter values, while hot water and surfactant only slightly affected them.
{"title":"Physical and chemical characterization and evaluation of organic matter from tar-mat samples: Case study of Kuwaiti carbonate reservoir.","authors":"A. Almansour, W. Al-Bazzaz","doi":"10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.14-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.14-25","url":null,"abstract":"Tar-mat columns exist in many carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East. The presence of tar mats has become one of the most serious problems in the oil industry, as it impacts the extraction of primary oil and the application of improved oil recovery (IOR) technologies On the other hand, tar mats can be considered potential oil reserves in and of themselves. Tar mats, which are generally dark brown to black semi-solids, can isolate the aquifer from an oil reservoir. Understanding tar mats and being able to characterize and identify them is critical for minimizing production costs and strategically producing crude oil. The objective of the study presented here was to characterize the physical and chemical properties of extremely viscous tar-mat oil and to evaluate the properties of the organic matter before and after the extraction. Five tar-mat cores were collected from a Kuwaiti carbonate reservoir, and 13 samples were prepared from each tar-mat core. One sample from each core was used for the evaluation before the extraction, while the other 12 were used for the evaluation after the extraction by toluene, hot water, and surfactant under different temperatures (25°C, 135°C, 225°C, and 315°C). The chemical genesis of tar-mat oil samples has been analyzed using novel techniques such as Vario Macro Elemental Analysis 106, Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis, the Soxhlet apparatus, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The results of the geochemical analysis using Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis showed that the Kuwaiti carbonate reservoir was oil-prone and capable of oil/gas production (type ll and ll-lll kerogen). Most of the samples were thermally mature and good in terms of hydrocarbon generation. However, oil could not have been produced from these samples naturally. Also, the ratio of H/C increased as the API decreased. Moreover, the results showed that toluene had more of an impact on most of the parameter values, while hot water and surfactant only slightly affected them.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"14-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73828111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.7-13
Abiev Rs, A. Ov, Izotova Sg, Gusarov Vv
The process of cobalt ferrite synthesis by means of confined impinging jets was studied experimentally at relative low temperatures (20°C to 30°C) and ambient pressure. Unlike hydrothermal synthesis usually performed at high pressures and temperatures (400°C to 450°C), impinging jets synthesis allows to produce small particles (approx. 8 nm mean size) within few milliseconds in a continuous flow. Due to short contact of reagents heir fast and effective mixing it was possible to avoid co-products formation and to exclude the growth of crystallines. Ability to control stable and effective hydrodynamics and the fast separation of products from co-products results in the optimal conditions for fast reaction of precipitation practically excluding building of large particles and aggregates.
{"title":"Synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles by means of confined impinging-jets reactors.","authors":"Abiev Rs, A. Ov, Izotova Sg, Gusarov Vv","doi":"10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.7-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGY.1.1.7-13","url":null,"abstract":"The process of cobalt ferrite synthesis by means of confined impinging jets was studied experimentally at relative low temperatures (20°C to 30°C) and ambient pressure. Unlike hydrothermal synthesis usually performed at high pressures and temperatures (400°C to 450°C), impinging jets synthesis allows to produce small particles (approx. 8 nm mean size) within few milliseconds in a continuous flow. Due to short contact of reagents heir fast and effective mixing it was possible to avoid co-products formation and to exclude the growth of crystallines. Ability to control stable and effective hydrodynamics and the fast separation of products from co-products results in the optimal conditions for fast reaction of precipitation practically excluding building of large particles and aggregates.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89815914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-17DOI: 10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16448
K. Jančaitienė, A. Sviklas
The chemical equilibrium of potassium chloride and ammonium hydrophosphate aqueous solutions at 20 and 40 °C was examinated. The chemical composition of liquid and solid phases was determined by chemical and instrumental methods. Potassium hydrophosphate was found to dominate in the solid phase when the potassium chloride and ammonium hydrophosphate ratio was 0.6 : 0.4.
{"title":"PRODUCTS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN POTASSIUM CHLORIDE AND AMMONIUM HYDROPHOSPHATE IN WATER","authors":"K. Jančaitienė, A. Sviklas","doi":"10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16448","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical equilibrium of potassium chloride and ammonium hydrophosphate aqueous solutions at 20 and 40 °C was examinated. The chemical composition of liquid and solid phases was determined by chemical and instrumental methods. Potassium hydrophosphate was found to dominate in the solid phase when the potassium chloride and ammonium hydrophosphate ratio was 0.6 : 0.4.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"45 1","pages":"31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78714957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-17DOI: 10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16451
J. Donėlienė, D. Vaičiukynienė, A. Kantautas
Co 2+ ion sorption by sorbents of different physical state – aluminosilicate gels and crystalline NaX zeolite – was studied. These NaX zeolites were synthesized by mixing the initial sodium silicate and sodium aluminate aqueous solutions in the proportions so as to ensure the following molar ratios of this mixture: Na 2 O / SiO 2 = 1.2; SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 = 10; H 2 O / Na 2 O = 23. Aluminosilicate gel was formed immediately after mixing the above-mentioned solutions. After 72 h of aging at room temperature, the gel was formed in aged aluminosilicate gel – amorphous NaX zeolite. By stirring the slurry for 3 h, crystalline NaX zeolite was obtained at 95 °C. At 23 ° C, Co 2+ ion sorption kinetics was studied by filling up aluminosilicate gels without aging and after 72 h of aging, and NaX zeolite with of Co 2+ concentration 117 mg/l in CoSO 4 solution. At this temperature, the aluminosilicate gel sorption capacity was 22.09 mg/g and of crystalline zeolite NaX 22.37 mg/g. In the study conditions, sorption was most intensive during the first 3 minutes.
{"title":"Co2+ ION SORPTION BY AMORPHOUS AND CRYSTALLINE ZEOLITE SORBENT","authors":"J. Donėlienė, D. Vaičiukynienė, A. Kantautas","doi":"10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16451","url":null,"abstract":"Co 2+ ion sorption by sorbents of different physical state – aluminosilicate gels and crystalline NaX zeolite – was studied. These NaX zeolites were synthesized by mixing the initial sodium silicate and sodium aluminate aqueous solutions in the proportions so as to ensure the following molar ratios of this mixture: Na 2 O / SiO 2 = 1.2; SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 = 10; H 2 O / Na 2 O = 23. Aluminosilicate gel was formed immediately after mixing the above-mentioned solutions. After 72 h of aging at room temperature, the gel was formed in aged aluminosilicate gel – amorphous NaX zeolite. By stirring the slurry for 3 h, crystalline NaX zeolite was obtained at 95 °C. At 23 ° C, Co 2+ ion sorption kinetics was studied by filling up aluminosilicate gels without aging and after 72 h of aging, and NaX zeolite with of Co 2+ concentration 117 mg/l in CoSO 4 solution. At this temperature, the aluminosilicate gel sorption capacity was 22.09 mg/g and of crystalline zeolite NaX 22.37 mg/g. In the study conditions, sorption was most intensive during the first 3 minutes.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":"49-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74457237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-17DOI: 10.5755/j01.ct.55.2.16455
O. Petrauskaitė, J. Kazlauske, J. Liesienė
Cellulose gel was prepared by the sol-gel method based on cellulose regeneration from its acetylated derivatives. The mechanical characteristics of the gel were foud depend on gel formation conditions. Heparinization of the gel surface was performed by three different methods. The gel antithrombogenic properties of the gel were foun to depend on the amount of coupled heparin. Blood coagulation on a heparinized surface is slower and takes about 16 hours.
{"title":"CELLULOSE GEL FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION","authors":"O. Petrauskaitė, J. Kazlauske, J. Liesienė","doi":"10.5755/j01.ct.55.2.16455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ct.55.2.16455","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose gel was prepared by the sol-gel method based on cellulose regeneration from its acetylated derivatives. The mechanical characteristics of the gel were foud depend on gel formation conditions. Heparinization of the gel surface was performed by three different methods. The gel antithrombogenic properties of the gel were foun to depend on the amount of coupled heparin. Blood coagulation on a heparinized surface is slower and takes about 16 hours.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":"74-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85066192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-17DOI: 10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16447
A. Sviklas, R. Paleckienė, R. Šlinkšienė
A compound fertilizer with boron was granulated employing laboratory equipment. As a boron component, boric acid and sodium tetraborate were used. Compound fertilizers of grade 14–18–18–6(S)–0,3(B) were obtained. The main physicochemical properties of the granulated products were determined. The optimal conditions of a compound fertilizer with boron granulation were determined as 7% humidity of the raw materials ′ mixture, 65–85 °C of granulators, as well as acidified water used for irrigation. In these conditions, 14–18–18–6(S)–0,3(B) commercial grade fertilizer fraction was obtained (approximately 30 percent, grain strength 40–46 N / gran). Analysis of the stability of the 14–18–18–6(S)–0,3(B) fertilizer grade showed that by heating at a temperature of 150 oC material degradation started, and evaporation of ammonia and nitrogen losses were considerable. This process could be slowed down by a slight acidification of raw materials. The characteristics of the granulated product depended on the acidification solution quantity, granulation temperature and did not depend on any component of boron.
采用实验室设备对硼复合肥进行了造粒。硼的成分是硼酸和四硼酸钠。得到14-18-18-6 (S) - 0,3(B)级复混肥。测定了制粒产品的主要理化性质。确定了硼造粒复合肥的最佳工艺条件为原料混合物湿度7%，造粒机温度65 ~ 85℃，酸化灌溉用水。在这些条件下，得到14-18-18-6 (S) - 0,3(B)商品级肥料组分(约30%，颗粒强度40-46 N /粒)。对14-18-18-6 (S) - 0,3(B)肥级的稳定性分析表明，在150℃的温度下加热，物料开始降解，氨氮蒸发损失相当大。这个过程可以通过原料的轻微酸化来减缓。制粒产品的特性与酸化液用量、制粒温度有关，与硼的任何组分无关。
{"title":"COMPOUND FERTILIZER WITH BORON","authors":"A. Sviklas, R. Paleckienė, R. Šlinkšienė","doi":"10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/J01.CT.55.2.16447","url":null,"abstract":"A compound fertilizer with boron was granulated employing laboratory equipment. As a boron component, boric acid and sodium tetraborate were used. Compound fertilizers of grade 14–18–18–6(S)–0,3(B) were obtained. The main physicochemical properties of the granulated products were determined. The optimal conditions of a compound fertilizer with boron granulation were determined as 7% humidity of the raw materials ′ mixture, 65–85 °C of granulators, as well as acidified water used for irrigation. In these conditions, 14–18–18–6(S)–0,3(B) commercial grade fertilizer fraction was obtained (approximately 30 percent, grain strength 40–46 N / gran). Analysis of the stability of the 14–18–18–6(S)–0,3(B) fertilizer grade showed that by heating at a temperature of 150 oC material degradation started, and evaporation of ammonia and nitrogen losses were considerable. This process could be slowed down by a slight acidification of raw materials. The characteristics of the granulated product depended on the acidification solution quantity, granulation temperature and did not depend on any component of boron.","PeriodicalId":22505,"journal":{"name":"the Chemical Technology","volume":"112 1","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80174134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：