Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.21608/ejm.2022.160145.1217
M. AbdEl-Mongy, Abdallah Wehada, A. Othman
{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Multi-drug Resistant Streptococcus pyogenes and Its Eradication Using Essential Oil of Zingiber officinale as a Natural Antimicrobial Agent","authors":"M. AbdEl-Mongy, Abdallah Wehada, A. Othman","doi":"10.21608/ejm.2022.160145.1217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejm.2022.160145.1217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90144137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.262698
Eman M. Hegazy, S. Zahra, Sarah M. Shoeib, M. Taha
Background: A worrisome escalation in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections which are accompanied with worse outcomes due to inadequate treatment options. There is an imperative requirement to explore new antimicrobials to oppose these resistant strains. Objectives: Assessment of antibacterial activity of Cefiderocol and Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against ESBL–Producing coliform and MDR A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. Methodology: A total of 332 clinical samples were obtained from surgical ICU cases. Pathogenic microorganisms were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility was done for gram negative isolates. Third-generation cephalosporins resistant coliforms were screened for ESBL detection. Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Cefiderocol activity on ESBL coliform and MDR P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates was investigated. Results: The susceptibility of both ESBL E. coli, K. pneumoniae, MDR P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii to ceftolozane/tazobactam was 77%, 70% ,63% and 58% respectively. ESBL E. coli and K. pneumonaie exhibited MIC 50/90 value of (0.19/0.25μg/mL) and (0.25/0.5μg/mL) for ceftolozane/tazobactam respectively. MDR P. aeruginosa showed MIC 50/90 value (2/4μg/mL). MDR A. baumannii exhibited high MIC 50/90 value (16/24μg/mL). Cefiderocol was 100% effective against most isolates with different MIC 50/90 values. For ESBL-E. coli and K. pneumoniae, the MIC 50/90 value was (0.5/1.5μg/mL). For MDR P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, the MIC 50/90 value was (0.75/2μg/mL) and (0.25/2μg/mL) respectively. Conclusion: Cefiderocol exhibits superior activity against ESBL coliform and MDR A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa compared to ceftolozane-Tazobactam.
{"title":"Evaluation of In vitro Activity of Cefiderocol and Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–Producing Coliform and Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Eman M. Hegazy, S. Zahra, Sarah M. Shoeib, M. Taha","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.262698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.262698","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A worrisome escalation in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections which are accompanied with worse outcomes due to inadequate treatment options. There is an imperative requirement to explore new antimicrobials to oppose these resistant strains. Objectives: Assessment of antibacterial activity of Cefiderocol and Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against ESBL–Producing coliform and MDR A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. Methodology: A total of 332 clinical samples were obtained from surgical ICU cases. Pathogenic microorganisms were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility was done for gram negative isolates. Third-generation cephalosporins resistant coliforms were screened for ESBL detection. Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Cefiderocol activity on ESBL coliform and MDR P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates was investigated. Results: The susceptibility of both ESBL E. coli, K. pneumoniae, MDR P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii to ceftolozane/tazobactam was 77%, 70% ,63% and 58% respectively. ESBL E. coli and K. pneumonaie exhibited MIC 50/90 value of (0.19/0.25μg/mL) and (0.25/0.5μg/mL) for ceftolozane/tazobactam respectively. MDR P. aeruginosa showed MIC 50/90 value (2/4μg/mL). MDR A. baumannii exhibited high MIC 50/90 value (16/24μg/mL). Cefiderocol was 100% effective against most isolates with different MIC 50/90 values. For ESBL-E. coli and K. pneumoniae, the MIC 50/90 value was (0.5/1.5μg/mL). For MDR P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, the MIC 50/90 value was (0.75/2μg/mL) and (0.25/2μg/mL) respectively. Conclusion: Cefiderocol exhibits superior activity against ESBL coliform and MDR A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa compared to ceftolozane-Tazobactam.","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72770430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.263561
ALShaimaa ALTabbakh, Sara Saied, Amany K Shahat, Marwa ELMelouk
Background : Emerging of tigecycline resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a critical global health problem as tigecycline is considered the last-line antibiotic for treatment of carbapenem resistant A. baumannii infections. Overexpression of efflux pumps is a leading mechanism of antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii. Objectives: Detection of the presence of three efflux pump genes; adeB, adeJ and adeG and determination of their expression level in Tigecycline Resistant A. baumannii collected from Benha University Hospital. Methodology: Thirty A. baumannii strains were collected and tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Presence of adeB, adeJ and adeG genes was detected by conventional PCR and their expression levels were assessed by RT-PCR. Results: Tigecycline susceptibility showed 60% (18/30) resistance and 40% (12/30) sensitivity. In tigecycline resistant strains, adeB gene was identified in 13/18 (72.2%) and adeJ gene in 12/18 (66.7%) with statistically significant association (P= 0.023). In tigecycline sensitive isolates adeB and adeJ genes were identified in 7/12 (58.3%) and 2/12 (16.7%) strains respectively. The adeG gene was not identified in any of the isolated strains. Combined adeB and adeJ genes were identified in 50% of tigecycline resistant isolates and only in 8.3% of (tigecycline sensitive) isolates with statistical significance difference (P= 0.018). Comparing adeB and adeJ gene expression revealed that transcription level was increased significantly and associated with tigecycline resistance. Conclusion: This study revealed wide spread of tigecycline resistant A. baumannii strains in Benha University Hospital and elucidated the significant role of (adeB and adeJ) genes in their emergence.
{"title":"Detection of Genes of Efflux Pumps (adeB, adeJ and adeG) in Tigecycline Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Benha University Hospital","authors":"ALShaimaa ALTabbakh, Sara Saied, Amany K Shahat, Marwa ELMelouk","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.263561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.263561","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Emerging of tigecycline resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a critical global health problem as tigecycline is considered the last-line antibiotic for treatment of carbapenem resistant A. baumannii infections. Overexpression of efflux pumps is a leading mechanism of antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii. Objectives: Detection of the presence of three efflux pump genes; adeB, adeJ and adeG and determination of their expression level in Tigecycline Resistant A. baumannii collected from Benha University Hospital. Methodology: Thirty A. baumannii strains were collected and tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Presence of adeB, adeJ and adeG genes was detected by conventional PCR and their expression levels were assessed by RT-PCR. Results: Tigecycline susceptibility showed 60% (18/30) resistance and 40% (12/30) sensitivity. In tigecycline resistant strains, adeB gene was identified in 13/18 (72.2%) and adeJ gene in 12/18 (66.7%) with statistically significant association (P= 0.023). In tigecycline sensitive isolates adeB and adeJ genes were identified in 7/12 (58.3%) and 2/12 (16.7%) strains respectively. The adeG gene was not identified in any of the isolated strains. Combined adeB and adeJ genes were identified in 50% of tigecycline resistant isolates and only in 8.3% of (tigecycline sensitive) isolates with statistical significance difference (P= 0.018). Comparing adeB and adeJ gene expression revealed that transcription level was increased significantly and associated with tigecycline resistance. Conclusion: This study revealed wide spread of tigecycline resistant A. baumannii strains in Benha University Hospital and elucidated the significant role of (adeB and adeJ) genes in their emergence.","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"16 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91492142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.262682
S. Awad, Azza Abd ElAziz, Nermin adwey, Eman Abou Hind
{"title":"Molecular characteristics and carriage rate of Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pediatric hepatology unit","authors":"S. Awad, Azza Abd ElAziz, Nermin adwey, Eman Abou Hind","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.262682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.262682","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89469735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.265573
Ghada Mashaly, H. Mohammed, H. Nagib
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae causes any types of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Resistance to quinolone antibiotics increased rapidly in K. pneumoniae. Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of quinolone resistance, detection of plasmid mediated (qnrA and qnrS) genes in K. pneumoniae causing hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) in ICUs of Mansoura Emergency Hospital. Additionally, determination of risk factors for quinolone resistance. Methodology: K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from different samples of patients admitted to Mansoura Emergency Hospital and presented with different infections. K. pneumoniae isolation and identification was performed by biochemical reactions. K. pneumoniae quinolone susceptibility was identified by disc diffusion method. The qnrA and qnrS were detected by PCR. Results: A total of 65 K. pneumoniae isolates were recovered in the studied ICUs patients samples. The highest resistance of K. pneumoniae isolates was to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone (80% and 70%, respectively). The qnrS gene was detected in 28 cases, and qnrA was detected in 2 cases. Regarding risk factors
{"title":"Plasmid Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes (Qnr A and S) in Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from ICU Hospital Acquired Infection","authors":"Ghada Mashaly, H. Mohammed, H. Nagib","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.265573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.265573","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae causes any types of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Resistance to quinolone antibiotics increased rapidly in K. pneumoniae. Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of quinolone resistance, detection of plasmid mediated (qnrA and qnrS) genes in K. pneumoniae causing hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) in ICUs of Mansoura Emergency Hospital. Additionally, determination of risk factors for quinolone resistance. Methodology: K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from different samples of patients admitted to Mansoura Emergency Hospital and presented with different infections. K. pneumoniae isolation and identification was performed by biochemical reactions. K. pneumoniae quinolone susceptibility was identified by disc diffusion method. The qnrA and qnrS were detected by PCR. Results: A total of 65 K. pneumoniae isolates were recovered in the studied ICUs patients samples. The highest resistance of K. pneumoniae isolates was to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone (80% and 70%, respectively). The qnrS gene was detected in 28 cases, and qnrA was detected in 2 cases. Regarding risk factors","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91186605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.262687
R. Elnagar, Rasha Y. Mahmoud, R. El-Kady
Background: In recent years, emergence of linezolid-resistant strains has gained a considerable clinical concern. Tedizolid, a relatively new antibiotic, showed strong effectiveness against S. aureus; however, few data are available from Egypt in this regard. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the in vitro susceptibility of S. aureus clinical isolates from Mansoura University Hospitals (MUHs), Egypt to linezolid and tedizolid, and to unveil the underlying molecular mechanisms for resistance. Methodology: In vitro susceptibility of 113 S. aureus isolates from various clinical samples was determined by disc diffusion method. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the MICs of linezolid and tedizolid. Detection of mecA and cfr genes among MRSA and linezolid-resistant isolates, respectively was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: In this study, 16.8% of S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant. On the other hand, resistance to vancomycin and linezolid was identified in 15%, and 9.7 % of the isolates, respectively. All the isolates were susceptible to tedizolid. In comparison between methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA as regards tedizolid and linezolid susceptibility, tedizolid retained low MIC 50 , and MIC 90 (0.25, and 0.5 µg/L) for all S. aureus isolates. On the other hand, the MICs of linezolid were 0.5–2 µg/L for MSSA, and 0.5–>4 µg/L for MRSA isolates. All MRSA isolates (n= 19) were found to harbor the mecA gene. The cfr gene was identified in 57.9% of linezolid-resistant MRSA isolates. Conclusion: Tedizolid is highly effective against S. aureus clinical isolates, including linezolid-resistant strains.
{"title":"Tedizolid versus linezolid activity against Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates","authors":"R. Elnagar, Rasha Y. Mahmoud, R. El-Kady","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.262687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.262687","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In recent years, emergence of linezolid-resistant strains has gained a considerable clinical concern. Tedizolid, a relatively new antibiotic, showed strong effectiveness against S. aureus; however, few data are available from Egypt in this regard. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the in vitro susceptibility of S. aureus clinical isolates from Mansoura University Hospitals (MUHs), Egypt to linezolid and tedizolid, and to unveil the underlying molecular mechanisms for resistance. Methodology: In vitro susceptibility of 113 S. aureus isolates from various clinical samples was determined by disc diffusion method. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the MICs of linezolid and tedizolid. Detection of mecA and cfr genes among MRSA and linezolid-resistant isolates, respectively was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: In this study, 16.8% of S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant. On the other hand, resistance to vancomycin and linezolid was identified in 15%, and 9.7 % of the isolates, respectively. All the isolates were susceptible to tedizolid. In comparison between methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA as regards tedizolid and linezolid susceptibility, tedizolid retained low MIC 50 , and MIC 90 (0.25, and 0.5 µg/L) for all S. aureus isolates. On the other hand, the MICs of linezolid were 0.5–2 µg/L for MSSA, and 0.5–>4 µg/L for MRSA isolates. All MRSA isolates (n= 19) were found to harbor the mecA gene. The cfr gene was identified in 57.9% of linezolid-resistant MRSA isolates. Conclusion: Tedizolid is highly effective against S. aureus clinical isolates, including linezolid-resistant strains.","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78697701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.262697
Manal A Hassan, Omnia Kotb, S. Arafa
Background: Carbapenemase producing K. pneumoniae poses severe clinical problems. The accurate phenotypic detection and differentiation of the carbapenemase types in clinical laboratories is now of utmost importance for the determination of appropriate therapeutic schemes and the implementation of infection control measures. Objective: to identify the prevalent carbapenemases among carbapenem non-susceptible K. pneumoniae isolated from AMUH, to evaluate the ability of Carba NP version II test to detect carbapenemase production and identify their Ambler classes compared to PCR as a gold standard, in addition to comparing the Carba NP version II test with MHT and inhibitor-based phenotypic tests regarding sensitivity, specificity, turnaround time and cost effectiveness. Methodology: This study was carried out on 96 non-duplicate carbapenem non-susceptible K. pneumoniae isolates carrying one or more of carbapenemase genes. phenotypic screening methods included: Carba NP II test, MHT, meropenem/PBA CDT and meropenem/EDTA CDT. Results: Carbapenemase class B was the most prevalent (94.8%). Carba NP II showed the highest sensitivity in detecting class B (72.5%) with PPV (95.7%). Increase in the number of class B genes in a given isolate, improved the sensitivity from 55.6% to 80%. The Carba NP II test was found to be 15% sensitive and 91.7% specific in detecting class D and it could not detect class A in any of the 19 isolates that harbored KPC gene. Conclusion: The main advantages of Carba NP II test over CDT and MHT are; the rapidity of the test and its relatively higher sensitivity in detecting class B carbapenemases.
{"title":"Evaluation of Carba NP Version II Test for Rapid Detection and Categorization of Carbapenemases Produced by Klebsiella Pneumoniae Clinical Isolates","authors":"Manal A Hassan, Omnia Kotb, S. Arafa","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.262697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.262697","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carbapenemase producing K. pneumoniae poses severe clinical problems. The accurate phenotypic detection and differentiation of the carbapenemase types in clinical laboratories is now of utmost importance for the determination of appropriate therapeutic schemes and the implementation of infection control measures. Objective: to identify the prevalent carbapenemases among carbapenem non-susceptible K. pneumoniae isolated from AMUH, to evaluate the ability of Carba NP version II test to detect carbapenemase production and identify their Ambler classes compared to PCR as a gold standard, in addition to comparing the Carba NP version II test with MHT and inhibitor-based phenotypic tests regarding sensitivity, specificity, turnaround time and cost effectiveness. Methodology: This study was carried out on 96 non-duplicate carbapenem non-susceptible K. pneumoniae isolates carrying one or more of carbapenemase genes. phenotypic screening methods included: Carba NP II test, MHT, meropenem/PBA CDT and meropenem/EDTA CDT. Results: Carbapenemase class B was the most prevalent (94.8%). Carba NP II showed the highest sensitivity in detecting class B (72.5%) with PPV (95.7%). Increase in the number of class B genes in a given isolate, improved the sensitivity from 55.6% to 80%. The Carba NP II test was found to be 15% sensitive and 91.7% specific in detecting class D and it could not detect class A in any of the 19 isolates that harbored KPC gene. Conclusion: The main advantages of Carba NP II test over CDT and MHT are; the rapidity of the test and its relatively higher sensitivity in detecting class B carbapenemases.","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90266073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.262685
M. Mosalem, S. Fayed, Y. Ismail, Hala M Elfeky
Background : Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a life-threatening complication in cirrhotic ascitic patients. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate ascitic fluid microRNA155 level as diagnostic markers of (SBP) in association with Leukocyte esterase test, MPV, PDW, ascitic fluid CRP and culure. Methodology: A cross sectional study included 64 patients with ascites admitted to the Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious diseases Department, Benha University Hospital, Egypt, divided into two groups: SBP group (32 pts.) and non SBP group (32 pts.).50 ml. of ascitic fluid was obtained for assessment of CRP, Leukocyte esterase test, bacterial culture and miR-155 and 12 ml blood for the routine laboratory test. Results : The AUC of miRNA 155 level was acceptable for discrimination between both groups (AUC=0.959), with cut off values 1.14pg/ml. Sensitivity 93.8%, specificity 93,7%, the cut-off value of ascitic fluid CRP was ≥12 ng/ml could predict SBP with sensitivity 81.3 % and specificity 81.2% , the Leucocyte esterase test cut-off value grade 1 and above could predict SBP with sensitivity 96.9 % , specificity of 84. %, accuracy of 90.6% ,with (AUC ) of 0.906, MPV and PDW could predict SBP with cut of ≥10.5% and 14.3fl , sensitivity of 84.4% and 59.4%% , and specificity of 84.4% and 62.5%% ,accuracy of 84.4 % and 60.9 %, the combined usage of rapid bed side tests including leucocyte esterase strips, ascitic fluid CRP, MPV and PDW could predict SBP in almost all cases Conclusion : MiR-155 Leukocyte esterase test, MPV, ascitic fluid CRP and culure were good diagnostic markers of SBP.
{"title":"Ascitic Fluid Micro RNA 155 as a Biomarker for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis","authors":"M. Mosalem, S. Fayed, Y. Ismail, Hala M Elfeky","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.262685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.262685","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a life-threatening complication in cirrhotic ascitic patients. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate ascitic fluid microRNA155 level as diagnostic markers of (SBP) in association with Leukocyte esterase test, MPV, PDW, ascitic fluid CRP and culure. Methodology: A cross sectional study included 64 patients with ascites admitted to the Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious diseases Department, Benha University Hospital, Egypt, divided into two groups: SBP group (32 pts.) and non SBP group (32 pts.).50 ml. of ascitic fluid was obtained for assessment of CRP, Leukocyte esterase test, bacterial culture and miR-155 and 12 ml blood for the routine laboratory test. Results : The AUC of miRNA 155 level was acceptable for discrimination between both groups (AUC=0.959), with cut off values 1.14pg/ml. Sensitivity 93.8%, specificity 93,7%, the cut-off value of ascitic fluid CRP was ≥12 ng/ml could predict SBP with sensitivity 81.3 % and specificity 81.2% , the Leucocyte esterase test cut-off value grade 1 and above could predict SBP with sensitivity 96.9 % , specificity of 84. %, accuracy of 90.6% ,with (AUC ) of 0.906, MPV and PDW could predict SBP with cut of ≥10.5% and 14.3fl , sensitivity of 84.4% and 59.4%% , and specificity of 84.4% and 62.5%% ,accuracy of 84.4 % and 60.9 %, the combined usage of rapid bed side tests including leucocyte esterase strips, ascitic fluid CRP, MPV and PDW could predict SBP in almost all cases Conclusion : MiR-155 Leukocyte esterase test, MPV, ascitic fluid CRP and culure were good diagnostic markers of SBP.","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90813477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.262689
Soma E Ajlan, Esraa Elmahdy, A. Sleem, Eman E. Zaher, Noha Sayed Ahmed, Ghadeer Elsheikh
Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common forms of superficial fungal infections. Azoles are the first line antifungals used in the treatment and prevention of VVC. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of VVC with evaluation of the potential risk factors. Also, to assess azoles susceptibility patterns with association to biofilm formation and to detect candidal virulence genes (HWP1, ALS1 and INT1) and ERG11 gene expression. Methodology: Evaluation of vaginal infection risk factors was achieved by a designed questionnaire. Candida strains isolated from high vaginal swab samples were identified up to species level by conventional methods. Assessment of antifungal susceptibility patterns (by disk diffusion method) and phenotypic detection of biofilm formation were also performed followed by molecular detection of virulence genes (HWP1, ALS1 and INT1) by multiplex PCR and ERG11 gene expression by real time PCR. Results: VVC represented 33.9% of vaginal infections. C. albicans was the predominant isolated species (62.4%). The highest resistance rate (40%) was observed to itraconazole and the lowest (12.9%) was to voriconazole. Biofilm formation rate was 51.8% by cultivation on Congo red agar and 57.6% by microtiter plate method. About, 79.6%, 71.4% and 81.6% of biofilm producers carried HWP1, ALS1 and INT1 virulence genes respectively. ERG11 gene Overexpression was detected in 31% of fluconazole resistant Candida isolates. Conclusion: Evaluation of VVC risk factors can help in the implementation of appropriate preventative measures. The elevated azoles resistance rates among Candida spp necessitates the critical need for new alternative therapeutic approaches
{"title":"Study of Azole Susceptibility and Virulence Patterns of Vulvovaginal Candida Species in Menoufia, Egypt","authors":"Soma E Ajlan, Esraa Elmahdy, A. Sleem, Eman E. Zaher, Noha Sayed Ahmed, Ghadeer Elsheikh","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.262689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.262689","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common forms of superficial fungal infections. Azoles are the first line antifungals used in the treatment and prevention of VVC. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of VVC with evaluation of the potential risk factors. Also, to assess azoles susceptibility patterns with association to biofilm formation and to detect candidal virulence genes (HWP1, ALS1 and INT1) and ERG11 gene expression. Methodology: Evaluation of vaginal infection risk factors was achieved by a designed questionnaire. Candida strains isolated from high vaginal swab samples were identified up to species level by conventional methods. Assessment of antifungal susceptibility patterns (by disk diffusion method) and phenotypic detection of biofilm formation were also performed followed by molecular detection of virulence genes (HWP1, ALS1 and INT1) by multiplex PCR and ERG11 gene expression by real time PCR. Results: VVC represented 33.9% of vaginal infections. C. albicans was the predominant isolated species (62.4%). The highest resistance rate (40%) was observed to itraconazole and the lowest (12.9%) was to voriconazole. Biofilm formation rate was 51.8% by cultivation on Congo red agar and 57.6% by microtiter plate method. About, 79.6%, 71.4% and 81.6% of biofilm producers carried HWP1, ALS1 and INT1 virulence genes respectively. ERG11 gene Overexpression was detected in 31% of fluconazole resistant Candida isolates. Conclusion: Evaluation of VVC risk factors can help in the implementation of appropriate preventative measures. The elevated azoles resistance rates among Candida spp necessitates the critical need for new alternative therapeutic approaches","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80123891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2022.262693
Amira Shalaa, M. Morsi, Mohamed Ali Ahmed, Khalid Al Zaafarany, S. Arafa
Background: Hepatitis C virus is a hepatotropic and lymphotropic virus that has been associated with various diseases and syndromes. Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic disease of unknown etiology, marked by the continuous inflammation of hepatocytes and necrosis and has a tendency to advance to cirrhosis. Objective: A comparative study between cases of chronic HCV infection and AIH cases regarding different parameters including their genetic association with HLA class II alleles: DRB1*01* - DRB1*15* Methodology: The study included Eighty subjects, Group I: 30 chronic HCV, Group II: 30 AIH, Group III: 20 healthy controls. HLA Typing was performed using a line probe assay. Results: HLA DRB1 ∗ 07, DRB1 ∗ 11 were highly associated with HCV clinical cases. DRB1*3 and DRB1*5 were the predominant alleles in AIH (representing 66.7% and 53.3% respectively). Conclusion: Certain HLA alleles of class II could be linked to hepatitis cases (either caused by HCV or autoimmune) and can predict clinical course and outcome of the disease.
{"title":"HLA DRB1 Alleles in Association with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Autoimmune Hepatitis","authors":"Amira Shalaa, M. Morsi, Mohamed Ali Ahmed, Khalid Al Zaafarany, S. Arafa","doi":"10.21608/ejmm.2022.262693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejmm.2022.262693","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis C virus is a hepatotropic and lymphotropic virus that has been associated with various diseases and syndromes. Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic disease of unknown etiology, marked by the continuous inflammation of hepatocytes and necrosis and has a tendency to advance to cirrhosis. Objective: A comparative study between cases of chronic HCV infection and AIH cases regarding different parameters including their genetic association with HLA class II alleles: DRB1*01* - DRB1*15* Methodology: The study included Eighty subjects, Group I: 30 chronic HCV, Group II: 30 AIH, Group III: 20 healthy controls. HLA Typing was performed using a line probe assay. Results: HLA DRB1 ∗ 07, DRB1 ∗ 11 were highly associated with HCV clinical cases. DRB1*3 and DRB1*5 were the predominant alleles in AIH (representing 66.7% and 53.3% respectively). Conclusion: Certain HLA alleles of class II could be linked to hepatitis cases (either caused by HCV or autoimmune) and can predict clinical course and outcome of the disease.","PeriodicalId":22549,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86994812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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