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Diarrhea as a Prognostic Factor for Severe COVID-19 腹泻是严重COVID-19的预后因素
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022266-271
Dinda Nisrina, H. Maulahela
In March of 2020, the WHO has declared the state pandemic of COVID-19 that started in the city of Wuhan, China. The widespread of cases resulted in 2,877,476 cases and 73,582 death reported in Indonesia. It is commonly known that the respiratory system was the main problem in COVID-19, but it is recently reported that gastrointestinal involevment has a higher likelihood to develop into severe cases. Moreover, it is found that diarrhea is the most highly prevalent of the gastrointestinal signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients. The aim of this evidence-based case report is to understand the association between diarrhea and severe cases of COVID-19. A search on Pubmed, Scopus and Cochrane result in five articles to be appraised using Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) critical appraisal tool. The most recent systematic review by Ghimere S et al (2020), found COVID-19 patients with diarrhea has higher likelihood of developin ginto a severe case (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.11 – 2.38). While the cohort studies showed several prognostic factors that may potentially effect the outcome of severe COVID-19 cases. It is concluded that severe COVID-19 cases were more likely to be found in patients presenting with diarrhea. Thus, Confirmed COVID-19 patients with diarrhea should be carefully evaluated to anticipate worsening of symptoms.
2020年3月,世界卫生组织宣布从中国武汉市开始的COVID-19进入大流行状态。病例的广泛传播导致印度尼西亚报告了2,877,476例病例和73,582例死亡。人们普遍认为,新冠肺炎的主要问题是呼吸系统,但最近有报道称,胃肠道的感染更有可能发展成严重病例。此外,腹泻是COVID-19患者中最常见的胃肠道体征和症状。本循证病例报告的目的是了解腹泻与COVID-19重症病例之间的关系。通过对Pubmed、Scopus和Cochrane的检索,得到5篇文章,使用循证医学中心(CEBM)关键评估工具进行评估。Ghimere S等人(2020)的最新系统评价发现,患有腹泻的COVID-19患者发展为重症病例的可能性更高(OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.11 - 2.38)。虽然队列研究显示了几个可能影响严重COVID-19病例结果的预后因素。由此可见,以腹泻为表现的患者更容易出现重症病例。因此,应仔细评估确诊的COVID-19腹泻患者,以预测症状恶化。
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引用次数: 0
Use of Biologics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Combination and Sequential Therapy 生物制剂在炎症性肠病中的应用:联合和序贯治疗
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022250-255
Putra Nur Hidayat, M. Simadibrata
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the form of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) has multifactorial etiology and multiple inflammatory pathways. Newer treatments with biologic agents are used as an adjunct to conventional therapy. Biological agents such as anti-TNF, anti-integrin, and anti-interleukin are believed to be able to overcome the inflammation that underlies the occurrence of IBD. The “step up” approach in IBD therapy uses conventional drugs with low potency but fewer side effects as the first line, followed by biologic agents as second line therapy. However, the result is often a delay in the management of severe complications of IBD. A “top down” approach is currently being used to successfully prevent severe complications of IBD by using biologic agents early. Biological agent therapy can be initiated in moderate to severe IBD either in combination or sequentially. But in the end, various parameters must be considered before starting the use of biologic agents such as drug effectiveness, safety profile, drug availability, price, and patient preferences.
溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD)形式的炎症性肠病(IBD)具有多因素病因和多种炎症途径。使用生物制剂的新疗法被用作常规疗法的辅助疗法。生物制剂如抗肿瘤坏死因子、抗整合素和抗白细胞介素被认为能够克服IBD发生的炎症。IBD治疗的“升级”方法是使用效能低但副作用少的常规药物作为一线,然后使用生物制剂作为二线治疗。然而,结果往往是延误了IBD严重并发症的处理。目前正采用一种“自上而下”的方法,通过早期使用生物制剂来成功预防IBD的严重并发症。生物制剂治疗可在中度至重度IBD中联合或依次启动。但最终,在开始使用生物制剂之前,必须考虑各种参数,如药物有效性、安全性、药物可得性、价格和患者偏好。
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引用次数: 0
Reliability of Hepatus® for Evaluating Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Hepatus®评估慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的可靠性
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022212-216
Jessica Cynthia Febryani, M. B. Bestari, H. ., Dolvy Girawan, N. Agustanti, Yudi Wahyudi, S. Abdurachman
Abstract  BackgroundAmong non-invasive strategies available for liver fibrosis assessment, transient elastography is widely used, as it is non-invasive and can be repeated. Hepatus® (Mindray, China) is one novel instrument for measuring liver stiffness that is now available in the market with lower price than its precursor, FibroScan® (Echosens, Paris). MethodIn this cross sectional study, CHB patients in single center were recruited consecutively in October 2021-December 2021. The patients were examined for LSM with two transient elastography instruments in one visit. The first instrument was Hepatus® (Mindray, China) and the second one was FibroScan® (Echosens, Paris). Both measurements were done by the same operator. ResultsA total of 68 CHB patients were enrolled in this study. Median score of LSM by Hepatus® and FibroScan® were 7.6 (5.92-11.88) and 7.35 (5.63-11.80) respectively. Spearman rank analysis for correlation showed a significant correlation between the results of the two instruments ( r= 0.8, p 0.05). The number of patients with significant fibrosis (≥8 kPa) identified by Hepatus® and FibroScan® were 28 (41%) and 29 (43%) respectively. McNemar test yielded no significant difference of the results (p= 1.000), and Cohen’s kappa measure of agreement showed moderate agreement (κ = 0.789 and p 0.005). ConclusionHepatus® identified similar number of significant fibrosis patients with FibroScan®, with the results of liver stiffness measurement between the two instruments correlated significantly. Hepatus® has a potential as an alternative tool  for measuring liver stiffness with a more economic price. KeywordsHepatus®, FibroScan®, transient elastography, liver fibrosis, CHB
在肝纤维化评估的非侵入性策略中,瞬态弹性成像因其无创性和可重复而被广泛使用。Hepatus®(迈瑞,中国)是一种用于测量肝脏硬度的新型仪器,目前在市场上的价格低于其前体FibroScan®(Echosens,巴黎)。方法在本横断面研究中,于2021年10月至2021年12月连续招募单中心CHB患者。在一次访问中使用两种瞬态弹性仪检查患者的LSM。第一台仪器为Hepatus®(迈瑞,中国),第二台仪器为FibroScan®(Echosens,巴黎)。这两项测量都是由同一个操作者完成的。结果共纳入68例慢性乙型肝炎患者。Hepatus®和FibroScan®对LSM的中位评分分别为7.6(5.92-11.88)和7.35(5.63-11.80)。Spearman秩分析法显示两种仪器的结果有显著的相关性(r= 0.8, p 0.05)。Hepatus®和FibroScan®鉴定的显著纤维化(≥8 kPa)患者分别为28例(41%)和29例(43%)。McNemar检验结果无显著性差异(p= 1.000), Cohen 's kappa一致性测量显示中度一致性(κ = 0.789, p 0.005)。结论hepatus®与FibroScan®鉴别出相似数量的显著纤维化患者,两种仪器的肝硬度测量结果具有显著相关性。Hepatus®有潜力以更经济的价格作为测量肝脏硬度的替代工具。关键词:shepatus®,FibroScan®,瞬态弹性成像,肝纤维化,CHB
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引用次数: 0
Antiviral Treatment and One-Year Follow-Up of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in Bandung: An Observational Study 万隆慢性乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗和1年随访:一项观察性研究
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022217-222
E. S. Nugraha, Stefanie Hadi Supriami, Nur Atik, N. Agustanti, Yudi Wahyudi, Dolvy Girawan, M. B. Bestari, S. Abdurachman
Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a health problem that has chronically infected 257 million globally. Appropriate therapy is immensely needed to prevent disease progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, routine monitoring is required to assess the efficacy of the given treatment. This study aims to describe the treatment and its follow-up outcomes among chronic HBV patients after one year of therapy in Bandung.Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with a data sampling method obtained from assessing the medical records of treated chronic HBV outpatients at the Gastrohepatoenterology Clinic of Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from 2018 to 2020. Laboratory findings before and after one year of therapy were further assessed.Results: Out of 107 patients treated, the proportion of tenofovir was 72.90%, telbivudine 16.80%, lamivudine 8.40%, and interferon group 1.90%. There were 52.30% of patients who did follow-up visits after one year of therapy. The therapeutic outcome rate was evaluated among total patients with the criteria of decreasing AST (91.18%) and ALT levels (93.10%) levels, reduction of HBV-DNA values (100%), and HBeAg seroconversion (14.29%).Conclusion: The most given therapy among chronic HBV outpatients was tenofovir. The follow-up rate of patients after one year of treatment was 52.30%. Overall, antiviral therapies produced decreases in liver laboratory parameters, HBV-DNA, and HBeAg. 
背景:乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)是全球慢性感染2.57亿人的健康问题。适当的治疗是非常需要的,以防止疾病进展为肝硬化和肝细胞癌(HCC)。此外,需要进行常规监测以评估所给治疗的疗效。本研究旨在描述在万隆治疗一年后慢性HBV患者的治疗及其随访结果。方法:采用横断面描述性研究,采用数据抽样方法,评估万隆哈桑萨迪金医院胃肠病学门诊2018 - 2020年治疗的慢性HBV门诊患者的病历。进一步评估治疗前后一年的实验室结果。结果:107例患者中,替诺福韦占72.90%,替比夫定占16.80%,拉米夫定占8.40%,干扰素组占1.90%。治疗1年后随访率为52.30%。以AST(91.18%)和ALT(93.10%)水平降低、HBV-DNA值(100%)和HBeAg血清转化(14.29%)为标准评估治疗转归率。结论:门诊慢性HBV患者最常用的治疗方法是替诺福韦。治疗1年后患者随访率为52.30%。总的来说,抗病毒治疗降低了肝脏实验室参数、HBV-DNA和HBeAg。
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引用次数: 0
Serum Cystatin C Level in Liver Cirrhosis Patients with MELD-Na > 22 MELD-Na > 22的肝硬化患者血清胱抑素C水平
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022233-236
Arnelis Arnelis, Vesri Yoga, Nasrul Zubir, Saptino Miro, Andry Kurniawan
Background: Hepatorenal syndrome is a part of the prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI) characterized by kidney dysfunction which is secondary to the decreased renal blood flow that occurs in liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and is a fatal complication. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) occurs in about 20% of liver cirrhosis patients with refractory ascites.Method: This study was conducted on 24 liver cirrhosis patients with ascites who visited Gastroenterohepatology Outpatient Ward and Internal Medicine Inpatient Unit, Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Samples were collected and data analyses were conducted in December 2019 to March 2020.Results: In this study, the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)-Na score was used to determine the risk of HRS in liver cirrhosis patients with ascites, in which patients with a MELD-Na score 22 belonged to the group at risk of developing HRS. From 24 patients, the mean MELD-Na score was 24.58 ± 3.5. The lowest MELD-Na score was 22 in 8 patients (33.3%), while 1 patient (4.2%) had the highest MELD-Na score of 35. In this study, serum CysC levels were measured in patients with normal creatinine, and the mean serum CysC level was 2.69 ± 0.46 mg/L. The minimum value of CysC was 2.03 mg/L, while the maximum value was 3.9 mg/L. Serum CysC levels in all 24 patients were increased compared to the normal values.Conclusion: Liver cirrhosis patients who were at risk to develop HRS based on the MELD-Na score have increased serum Cystatin C levels, although serum creatinine levels were still normal.
背景:肝肾综合征是肝硬化伴门脉高压患者继发于肾血流量减少的肾功能不全为特征的肾前性急性肾损伤(AKI)的一部分,是一种致命的并发症。肝肾综合征(HRS)发生在约20%的肝硬化难治性腹水患者中。方法:本研究对24例肝硬化腹水患者进行了研究,这些患者是在胃肝内科门诊和内科住院部就诊的。于2019年12月至2020年3月收集样本并进行数据分析。结果:本研究采用终末期肝病(MELD)-Na评分模型确定肝硬化腹水患者发生HRS的风险,其中MELD-Na评分为22分的患者属于发生HRS的风险组。24例患者MELD-Na平均评分为24.58±3.5分。8例患者MELD-Na评分最低为22分(33.3%),1例患者MELD-Na评分最高为35分(4.2%)。本研究测定了肌酐正常患者的血清CysC水平,血清CysC平均水平为2.69±0.46 mg/L。CysC最小值为2.03 mg/L,最大值为3.9 mg/L。24例患者血清CysC水平均高于正常值。结论:基于MELD-Na评分有发生HRS风险的肝硬化患者血清胱抑素C水平升高,但血清肌酐水平仍正常。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding of Functional Constipation in Clinical Settings 了解功能性便秘在临床设置
H. Maulahela
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{"title":"Understanding of Functional Constipation in Clinical Settings","authors":"H. Maulahela","doi":"10.24871/2322022193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24871/2322022193","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>-</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":22564,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86000156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gene X Two Triple Mutations Predominance on Chronic Hepatitis B Virus in Padang, West Sumatra Indonesia 基因X两个三重突变在印尼西苏门答腊岛巴东地区慢性乙型肝炎病毒中的优势
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022206-211
Afida Razuna Ave, A. Putra, Saptino Miro
Background: Hepatitis B is a health issue that become major problem worldwide with high morbidity. Hepatitis B is a liver infection that caused by Hepatitis B Virus. Chronic hepatitis B is a liver inflammation that lasted more than 6 months and it has the potential to progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. The disease is influenced by Gene X and viral genotype. Mutations in the Gene X are suspected to having a role in disease progression. The aim of this study was to detect Gene X polymorphism and the phylogeny of HBV from Padang local clinical samples of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), West Sumatera, Indonesia.Method: The entire chronically HBV-infected patients were enrolled in this study: 38 CHB. The research samples were the entire Hepatitis B serum from Indonesian Red Cross Blood Bank than Gene X was amplified using nested PCR, which produced two fragments and aligned with X sequence database continued with mutation analysis. Results: In this study we found all the samples were having nucleotide variation. Of various mutations, we observed the presence of known liver cirrhosis and HCC-related HBx protein mutant i.e double mutations (HBx130 and HBx131) and two triple mutations (HBx5/HBx130/HBx131) and (HBx127/HBx130/HBx131) were high. The analysis also showed that patients were infected mainly by genotype C at 72,2% and followed by B at 27,8%.Conclusion: We conclude that all the samples have nucleotide variation and the mutation implying that molecular progression between the virus and the host at chronically infected patients.
背景:乙型肝炎是世界范围内发病率较高的主要健康问题。乙型肝炎是由乙型肝炎病毒引起的一种肝脏感染。慢性乙型肝炎是一种持续6个月以上的肝脏炎症,有可能发展为肝硬化和肝细胞癌。该疾病受X基因和病毒基因型的影响。基因X的突变被怀疑在疾病进展中起作用。本研究旨在检测印尼西苏门答腊巴东地区慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)临床样本中HBV基因X多态性和系统发育。方法:选取全部慢性hbv感染患者38例作为研究对象。研究样本为来自印度尼西亚红十字血库的全部乙肝血清,采用巢式PCR扩增基因X,得到两个片段,并与X序列数据库比对,继续进行突变分析。结果:本研究发现所有样本均存在核苷酸变异。在各种突变中,我们观察到已知肝硬化和hcc相关HBx蛋白突变的存在,即双突变(HBx130和HBx131)和两种三重突变(HBx5/HBx130/HBx131)和(HBx127/HBx130/HBx131)很高。分析还显示,患者主要感染基因型C,占72.2%,其次是基因型B,占27.8%。结论:所有样本均存在核苷酸变异,该变异提示慢性感染患者病毒与宿主之间的分子进展。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical and pathological profile of Gallbladder Cancer (GBC) and Gallstone disease GSD) among the patients admitted in tertiary care institute in Kolkata 加尔各答三级医疗机构住院患者胆囊癌(GBC)和胆结石病(GSD)的临床和病理特征
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022194-198
Abhishek Mohata, Mrinmoy Adhikary, Ranajit Bari, Shubho Chowdhuri, P. Jana, V. Chellaiyan
Background: Gallstone disease (GSD) is one of the most common surgical problems throughout the world. The rise in gallstone disease burden and its wide spectrum of non-specific presentation makes the disease more challenging. Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is a common cancer in the northern and North-eastern States of India. The six cancer registries of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (1990-1996) show a 10 times lower incidence of GBC per 1 00 000 in South India compared with the North. The objective of present study was to assess the epidemiological and pathological profile of GSD and GBC patients of Eastern India visiting tertiary care hospital of Kolkata.Method: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted, over a period of 18 months, at a tertiary referral hospital of Kolkata. In this study, 66 gallstone disease patients and 24 gallbladder cancer patients who undergone surgery were included in the study after their written informed consent. Data on their demographic and pathological profile, type of gallstones, their number and staging and type gallbladder cancer were collected. Results: GSD GBC were found to afflict females, Male to female ratio was 1:2 1:3 for GSD and GBC respectively. We found that nearly half (45.4%) GSD patients were in the age group of 21-40 years and more than half (58.6%) GBC patients were in age group of 41-60 years. Majority of GSD patients had multiple stones (57.6%) and cholesterol stones were most common (59.1%). Out of 24 GBC patients, nearly one-third (33.3%) had stage II cancer and only 12.5% patients had stage IV cancer. More than one-fourth (29.2%) GBC patients had poorly differentiated carcinoma.Conclusion: The results of this study reaffirm that female gender is a strong predisposing factor for GSD and GBC and patients in their fourth decade, are more at risk. Large population based multicentric analytical study is necessary to strengthen this study findings.
背景:胆石病(GSD)是世界范围内最常见的外科问题之一。胆结石疾病负担的增加及其广泛的非特异性表现使该疾病更具挑战性。胆囊癌(GBC)是印度北部和东北部各邦的一种常见癌症。印度医学研究委员会(ICMR)的六个癌症登记处(1990-1996年)显示,印度南部每10万人的GBC发病率比北部低10倍。本研究的目的是评估在加尔各答三级医院就诊的印度东部GSD和GBC患者的流行病学和病理学特征。方法:在加尔各答一家三级转诊医院进行了为期18个月的横断面观察性研究。在本研究中,66例胆结石疾病患者和24例胆囊癌患者经书面知情同意后被纳入研究。收集了他们的人口统计学和病理学资料、胆结石类型、胆囊癌的数量、分期和类型。结果:GSD型GBC以女性为主,GSD型和GBC型的男女比例分别为1:2 1:3。我们发现近一半(45.4%)的GSD患者年龄在21-40岁,超过一半(58.6%)的GBC患者年龄在41-60岁。多数GSD患者有多发结石(57.6%),以胆固醇结石最为常见(59.1%)。在24例GBC患者中,近三分之一(33.3%)为II期癌症,只有12.5%的患者为IV期癌症。超过四分之一(29.2%)的GBC患者为低分化癌。结论:本研究结果再次确认女性是GSD和GBC的重要易感因素,且40岁以上的患者发生GSD和GBC的风险更高。为加强本研究结果,有必要进行大规模的多中心分析研究。
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引用次数: 0
The Knowledge and Therapeutic Approach of Paediatrician on Functional Constipation 儿科医师对功能性便秘的认识及治疗方法
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022199-205
B. A. Wicaksono, F. B. H. Jonathan, A. T. Sridevi, Dewi Friska, B. Hegar
Background: Functional constipation is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders in children under 4 years of age. The Rome IV Criteria have standardized diagnostic criteria for functional constipation. The purpose of the study was to determine the knowledge and therapeutic approach of Indonesian pediatricians to functional constipation.Method: A cross-sectional analytic observational study with the target of 101 pediatricians practicing in the DKI Jakarta area. This study provides an electronic questionnaire which was validated with facial and construct validity and the reliability was determined by Alpha-Cronbach value.Results: The average duration of experience practicing as pediatricians was 6.83 ± 3.96 years, with a range of 5-15 years (66.3%) with the majority working in non-teaching institutions (83.2%). Pediatricians’ knowledge of functional constipation did not show a significant difference in score based on length of experience practicing as a pediatrician (p = 0.738) and place of daily practice (p = 0.690). A Significant difference was seen based on the use of Rome Criteria as a source of information on functional constipation (p = 0.047). Five to fifteen years of experience practicing and teaching hospital as place of daily practice showed a higher therapeutic approach score, although this was not statistically significant. It turned out that using Rome Criteria as a source of information does not give higher therapeutic approach scores.Conclusion: Periodic evaluation of pediatrician's knowledge and therapeutic approach is needed to maintain the quality of functional constipation care.
背景:功能性便秘是4岁以下儿童最常见的功能性胃肠疾病之一。罗马IV标准对功能性便秘的诊断标准进行了标准化。本研究的目的是确定印度尼西亚儿科医生对功能性便秘的认识和治疗方法。方法:对雅加达DKI地区101名儿科医生进行横断面分析观察研究。本研究编制了一份电子问卷,采用面部效度和结构效度验证,信度采用Alpha-Cronbach值确定。结果:儿科医师平均执业年限为6.83±3.96年,从业年限在5 ~ 15年之间(66.3%),以非教学机构为主(83.2%)。儿科医生对功能性便秘的认识在儿科医生执业经验长短(p = 0.738)和日常执业地点(p = 0.690)的评分上无显著差异。使用罗马标准作为功能性便秘的信息来源,可以看到显著差异(p = 0.047)。5 - 15年的实习经验和教学医院作为日常实践的地方显示出更高的治疗方法得分,尽管这没有统计学意义。结果表明,使用罗马标准作为信息来源并不能给出更高的治疗方法评分。结论:定期评估儿科医生的知识和治疗方法是维持功能性便秘护理质量的必要条件。
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引用次数: 1
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis caused by Hepatitis B Infection Comorbid with HIV Infection 乙型肝炎感染合并HIV感染引起局灶节段性肾小球硬化
Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.24871/2322022256-260
Nicholas Wijayanto, Y. Kandarini, I. Wibawa, N. Winarti
Glomerulonephritis is an inflammatory condition on renal glomerulus. These entities can manifest as nephrotic syndrome. One of causes of secondary glomerulonephritis is hepatitis B infection. Glomerulonephritis due to hepatitis B only happens in 0.1 – 25% cases, with the focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is rarely reported. We reported 20 years old male with nephrotic syndrome. He was homosexual with history of unprotected sex and multiple partners. From kidney biopsy, we found focal segmental glomerulosclerosis lesion. Blood examination showed he had both hepatitis B (HBV-DNA 1.7x108 IU/mL) and HIV infection (HIV-RNA 820 copies/mL, CD4 839 cell/uL). We treated this patient with combination of anti-viral drugs which consist of tenofovir, lamivudine and efavirenz. After three weeks of treatment, he showed improvement in the clinical symptoms and urinalysis.
肾小球肾炎是肾小球的一种炎症。这些实体可表现为肾病综合征。继发性肾小球肾炎的原因之一是乙型肝炎感染。由乙型肝炎引起的肾小球肾炎仅发生在0.1 - 25%的病例中,局灶节段性肾小球硬化(FSGS)很少报道。我们报告了20岁男性肾病综合征。他是一名同性恋,有无保护措施的性行为史,有多名性伴侣。肾活检发现局灶性节段性肾小球硬化病变。血液检查显示他同时患有乙型肝炎(HBV-DNA 1.7 × 108 IU/mL)和HIV感染(HIV- rna 820拷贝/mL, CD4 839细胞/uL)。我们用替诺福韦、拉米夫定和依非韦伦组成的抗病毒药物联合治疗该患者。经过3周的治疗,患者的临床症状和尿液分析均有所改善。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy
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