Wen-Bing Chen, I. Nakamura, Yo-ichiro Sato, H. Nakai
The ORF100 region within Pst-12 fragment of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in rice (Oryza sativa) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction in 137 cultivars and 117 strains of wild rice from various countries. Two cpDNA types, with and without a deletion at the region, were found. In O. sativa, 63 and 74 cultivars had the deletion and the non-deletion cpDNAs, respectively. It corresponded to indica and japonica classified by morphological and physiological characters. Plant groups of 45 strains having the deletion and 72 strains with the non-deletion in spDNA were found in wild rice. Wild species that distantly related to O. sativa had mostly cpDNAs without the deletion. The deletion is likely to have differentiated in O. rufipogon. Annual types of O. rufipogon tend to have the deletion, while perennial types tend to loose it. The results of this study supported a view that the indica and japonica types were differentiated in wild species before domestication.
{"title":"Distribution of deletion type in cpDNA of cultivated and wild rice","authors":"Wen-Bing Chen, I. Nakamura, Yo-ichiro Sato, H. Nakai","doi":"10.1266/JJG.68.597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.68.597","url":null,"abstract":"The ORF100 region within Pst-12 fragment of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in rice (Oryza sativa) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction in 137 cultivars and 117 strains of wild rice from various countries. Two cpDNA types, with and without a deletion at the region, were found. In O. sativa, 63 and 74 cultivars had the deletion and the non-deletion cpDNAs, respectively. It corresponded to indica and japonica classified by morphological and physiological characters. Plant groups of 45 strains having the deletion and 72 strains with the non-deletion in spDNA were found in wild rice. Wild species that distantly related to O. sativa had mostly cpDNAs without the deletion. The deletion is likely to have differentiated in O. rufipogon. Annual types of O. rufipogon tend to have the deletion, while perennial types tend to loose it. The results of this study supported a view that the indica and japonica types were differentiated in wild species before domestication.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"28 1","pages":"597-603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77981900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Professor Motoo Kimura is best known for his neutral, random drift theory of molecular evolution which was proposed 25 years ago. The theory has revolutionized the way we think about molecular evolution. Yet, population geneticists are more impressed by the power, originality, and ingenuity of his research in theoretical population genetics. I believe there are many to be yet learned from his writing. The topics that he has treated during the past 40 years are diverse. Except for a few topics such as those in evolutionary stable strategies and applied quantitative genetics, he has indeed covered most that have been raised in modern evolutionary biology. Because of this diversity, however, it may not be easy to fully appreciate his papers, particularly for students and young researchers. Therefore it is my hope to set the background for his papers and point out their relation to other work and to subsequent developments. Here, 57 papers are grouped into 18 subjects. This grouping obviously does not follow the chronological order and is neither completely unambiguous nor mutually exclusive. Nevertheless, I have taken this compromise to save space (because the same topic sometimes appears repeatedly in several papers, of course with different favors), but more importantly, to emphasize the prospective value of Professor Kimura's work.
{"title":"Introductory comments on major papers by Professor Motoo Kimura","authors":"N. Takahata","doi":"10.1266/JJG.68.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.68.353","url":null,"abstract":"Professor Motoo Kimura is best known for his neutral, random drift theory of molecular evolution which was proposed 25 years ago. The theory has revolutionized the way we think about molecular evolution. Yet, population geneticists are more impressed by the power, originality, and ingenuity of his research in theoretical population genetics. I believe there are many to be yet learned from his writing. The topics that he has treated during the past 40 years are diverse. Except for a few topics such as those in evolutionary stable strategies and applied quantitative genetics, he has indeed covered most that have been raised in modern evolutionary biology. Because of this diversity, however, it may not be easy to fully appreciate his papers, particularly for students and young researchers. Therefore it is my hope to set the background for his papers and point out their relation to other work and to subsequent developments. Here, 57 papers are grouped into 18 subjects. This grouping obviously does not follow the chronological order and is neither completely unambiguous nor mutually exclusive. Nevertheless, I have taken this compromise to save space (because the same topic sometimes appears repeatedly in several papers, of course with different favors), but more importantly, to emphasize the prospective value of Professor Kimura's work.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"27 1","pages":"353-394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75090116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young inflorescences of Tradescantia clones KU 27 and BNL 4430, the both of which are blue/pink heterozygotes and have been demonstrated to be highly sensitive to alkylating agents, were exposed either to aqueous solutions of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) for 16hr alone (at 0.005 to 0.02% for KU 27 and at 0.005% for BNL 4430) or to acute 150 kVp X rays alone (161 to 531 mGy for KU 27 and 501 to 976 mGy for BNL 4430), or in combinations (134 to 448 mGy for KU 27 and 458 to 865mGy for BNL 4430 after the 0.005% MMS treatment). The induced somatic pink mutation frequencies per hair-cell division were studied and compared, and clone BNL 4430 was found to be nearly two times more sensitive to MMS than clone KU 27, while the X-ray-induced mutation frequencies in the latter was about 1.5 times higher than those in the former. The lower sensitivity to MMS of clone KU 27 (as compared with BNL 4430) was nevertheless about 5.6 times higher as compared with the responses of clone BNL 02 to MMS reported earlier, proving the high sensitivities of the two clones used in the present study. Clear synergistic effects of MMS and X rays were observed in the both clones, indicating that the mechanisms of inducing mutations are common at least in part between MMS and X rays.
{"title":"Synergistic effects of methyl methanesulfonate and X rays in inducing somatic mutations in the stamen hairs of Tradescantia clones, KU 27 and BNL 4430","authors":"S. Ichikawa, A. Yamaguchi, M. Okumura","doi":"10.1266/JJG.68.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.68.277","url":null,"abstract":"Young inflorescences of Tradescantia clones KU 27 and BNL 4430, the both of which are blue/pink heterozygotes and have been demonstrated to be highly sensitive to alkylating agents, were exposed either to aqueous solutions of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) for 16hr alone (at 0.005 to 0.02% for KU 27 and at 0.005% for BNL 4430) or to acute 150 kVp X rays alone (161 to 531 mGy for KU 27 and 501 to 976 mGy for BNL 4430), or in combinations (134 to 448 mGy for KU 27 and 458 to 865mGy for BNL 4430 after the 0.005% MMS treatment). The induced somatic pink mutation frequencies per hair-cell division were studied and compared, and clone BNL 4430 was found to be nearly two times more sensitive to MMS than clone KU 27, while the X-ray-induced mutation frequencies in the latter was about 1.5 times higher than those in the former. The lower sensitivity to MMS of clone KU 27 (as compared with BNL 4430) was nevertheless about 5.6 times higher as compared with the responses of clone BNL 02 to MMS reported earlier, proving the high sensitivities of the two clones used in the present study. Clear synergistic effects of MMS and X rays were observed in the both clones, indicating that the mechanisms of inducing mutations are common at least in part between MMS and X rays.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"2 1","pages":"277-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90303276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article reviews our studies of plastome, chondriome and plasmon diversity among Triticum (wheat) and Aegilops species, and of interactions among wheat genomes and alien plasmons. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNAs of nearly all species of those genera were studied by means of restriction endonuclease analysis and Southern hybridization analysis. The results show that the plasmons of the two genera can be classified into 18 types, most of which appear to have diversified at the diploid level. The maternal lineages of most polyploid species, including emmer, timopheevi and common wheats, can be ascertained. These results have been supported by the observed differences in the effects of alien plasmons on various characters of 12 common wheats. The phenotypic outcomes of the interactions between wheat genomes and alien plasmons were, in some cases, novel; several may be of practical use. The genes involved in these interactions were analyzed using various aneuploids of a common wheat Chinese Spring.
{"title":"Genome-plasmon interactions in wheat","authors":"K. Tsunewaki","doi":"10.1266/JJG.68.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.68.1","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews our studies of plastome, chondriome and plasmon diversity among Triticum (wheat) and Aegilops species, and of interactions among wheat genomes and alien plasmons. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNAs of nearly all species of those genera were studied by means of restriction endonuclease analysis and Southern hybridization analysis. The results show that the plasmons of the two genera can be classified into 18 types, most of which appear to have diversified at the diploid level. The maternal lineages of most polyploid species, including emmer, timopheevi and common wheats, can be ascertained. These results have been supported by the observed differences in the effects of alien plasmons on various characters of 12 common wheats. The phenotypic outcomes of the interactions between wheat genomes and alien plasmons were, in some cases, novel; several may be of practical use. The genes involved in these interactions were analyzed using various aneuploids of a common wheat Chinese Spring.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79225430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a step to investigate the genetic identity of normal blue and mutant pink flower-color pigments in four different Tradescantia clones (BNL 02, KU 27, KU 9 and KU 20), which are heterozygous for flower color (blue/pink), the light absorption spectra of the normal blue and mutant pink cells in their stamen hairs were measured microspectrophotometrically. It was found that the blue cells of all the four clones showed the maximum absorption peak at 574 nm, the second peak at 618 nm, and a shoulder at around 544 nm. It was also found that the pink cells of all these clones had two absorption peaks at 546 and 586 nm and a shoulder at around 512 nm. These findings prove that all the four clones examined produce the identical blue-color pigment normally, and also the identical pink-color pigment when the dominant gene for the blue color underwent mutation. One leaky mutant (intermediately colored) hair cell of clone BNL 02 was shown to be producing both the blue- and pink-color pigments.
{"title":"Identity of normal and mutant flower-color pigments in four different Tradescantia clones confirmed by means of microspectrophotometry","authors":"Marie Sanda-Kamigawara, S. Ichikawa","doi":"10.1266/JJG.68.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.68.137","url":null,"abstract":"As a step to investigate the genetic identity of normal blue and mutant pink flower-color pigments in four different Tradescantia clones (BNL 02, KU 27, KU 9 and KU 20), which are heterozygous for flower color (blue/pink), the light absorption spectra of the normal blue and mutant pink cells in their stamen hairs were measured microspectrophotometrically. It was found that the blue cells of all the four clones showed the maximum absorption peak at 574 nm, the second peak at 618 nm, and a shoulder at around 544 nm. It was also found that the pink cells of all these clones had two absorption peaks at 546 and 586 nm and a shoulder at around 512 nm. These findings prove that all the four clones examined produce the identical blue-color pigment normally, and also the identical pink-color pigment when the dominant gene for the blue color underwent mutation. One leaky mutant (intermediately colored) hair cell of clone BNL 02 was shown to be producing both the blue- and pink-color pigments.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"21 1","pages":"137-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82112827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) type was determined for most of Japanese potato varieties including both officially registered and unregistered varieties and those of unknown origin. Many modern varieties have T type ctDNA similar to the present European potatoes. Some varieties have W type ctDNA which was derived from S. demissum. Most of varieties of unknown origin have T type ctDNA. It indicates those were introduced after late blight epidemics in Europe and/or bred from them. Four old varieties have A type ctDNA which is typical to Andean potatoes and has been found in a derivative of the oldest European variety, Myatt's Ashleaf. Considering the historical background in Japanese potatoes, it is suggested that these old varieties are relic potatoes of the early European potato and similar ctDNA introduction and incorporation occurred in both Europe and Japan.
{"title":"Similar introduction and incorporation of potato chloroplast DNA in Japan and Europe","authors":"K. Hosaka","doi":"10.1266/JJG.68.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.68.55","url":null,"abstract":"The chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) type was determined for most of Japanese potato varieties including both officially registered and unregistered varieties and those of unknown origin. Many modern varieties have T type ctDNA similar to the present European potatoes. Some varieties have W type ctDNA which was derived from S. demissum. Most of varieties of unknown origin have T type ctDNA. It indicates those were introduced after late blight epidemics in Europe and/or bred from them. Four old varieties have A type ctDNA which is typical to Andean potatoes and has been found in a derivative of the oldest European variety, Myatt's Ashleaf. Considering the historical background in Japanese potatoes, it is suggested that these old varieties are relic potatoes of the early European potato and similar ctDNA introduction and incorporation occurred in both Europe and Japan.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"15 1","pages":"55-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82923117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid identification of Japanese potato cultivars by RAPDs","authors":"M. Mori, K. Hosaka, Y. Umemura, C. Kaneda","doi":"10.1266/JJG.68.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.68.167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"17 1","pages":"167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78634486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An extremely early line of rice, T65·ER-20, was bred after 8 times of backcrossings, using two early heading lines, Kokusyokuto-2 harboring several unknown earliness genes besides the earliness gene Ef-1 as a donor parent of earliness genes, and an isogenic line of Taichung 65 (T65) harboring the Ef-1 gene (T65·ER-1) as a recurrent parent. Since extremely early and early individuals segregated in a 3:1 ratio in the B8F2 generation and in a 1:1 ratio in the B9F1, T65·ER-20 harbors a new dominant earliness gene, Ef-x, besides the Ef-1 gene. T65·ER-21 having the new earliness gene was also bred. Segregation mode for heading time in F2 plants showing disgenic segregation for two earliness genes, Ef-1 and Ef-x, was different between experiments conducted in the natural field and in the green house field. Extremely early, early and late individuals segregated in a 9:3:4 ratio in the former and in a 9:6:1 ratio in the latter. Then, the Ef-x gene was asserted to show an allele specific interaction to genes on the Ef-1 locus, and an action for earliness by itself was accelerated in the high temperature condition. A screening test surveying a chromosome carrying the Ef-x gene by the use of 40 RT-lines implied that it located on the second chromosome.
{"title":"Thermo-sensitive action of an earliness gene Ef-x in rice, Oryza sativa L.","authors":"Shigetoshi Sato, Kayoko Ogata, C. Shinjyo","doi":"10.1266/JJG.67.473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.67.473","url":null,"abstract":"An extremely early line of rice, T65·ER-20, was bred after 8 times of backcrossings, using two early heading lines, Kokusyokuto-2 harboring several unknown earliness genes besides the earliness gene Ef-1 as a donor parent of earliness genes, and an isogenic line of Taichung 65 (T65) harboring the Ef-1 gene (T65·ER-1) as a recurrent parent. Since extremely early and early individuals segregated in a 3:1 ratio in the B8F2 generation and in a 1:1 ratio in the B9F1, T65·ER-20 harbors a new dominant earliness gene, Ef-x, besides the Ef-1 gene. T65·ER-21 having the new earliness gene was also bred. Segregation mode for heading time in F2 plants showing disgenic segregation for two earliness genes, Ef-1 and Ef-x, was different between experiments conducted in the natural field and in the green house field. Extremely early, early and late individuals segregated in a 9:3:4 ratio in the former and in a 9:6:1 ratio in the latter. Then, the Ef-x gene was asserted to show an allele specific interaction to genes on the Ef-1 locus, and an action for earliness by itself was accelerated in the high temperature condition. A screening test surveying a chromosome carrying the Ef-x gene by the use of 40 RT-lines implied that it located on the second chromosome.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"58 1","pages":"473-482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87042898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heat denaturation experiments revealed heat stability differences at a locus encoding glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) in the guppy. Inheritance experiments indicated that the observed differences in heat stability are controlled by a single incomplete dominant autosomal locus.
{"title":"Detection of heat stability variants in GPI isozymes of the guppy, Poecilia reticulata","authors":"N. Kanda, Y. Fujio","doi":"10.1266/JJG.67.483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.67.483","url":null,"abstract":"Heat denaturation experiments revealed heat stability differences at a locus encoding glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) in the guppy. Inheritance experiments indicated that the observed differences in heat stability are controlled by a single incomplete dominant autosomal locus.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"64 1","pages":"483-489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74322131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Imai, H. Hirai, Y. Satta, T. Shiroishi, M. Yamada, Robert W. Taylor
Detailed localization of NORs on metaphase chromosomes of the Australian ant Myrmecia croslandi were examined using rDNA: DNA in situ hybridization. In individuals with 2K=1M(1+2)+1SM 1+1M2 (2n=3) NORs are located at the proximal region of the short arm heterochromatin block in 1M(1+2), and at the chromosomal gap in the heterochromatic short arm of M2. These findings were supported by cytological evidence that nucleoli appeared exactly at the expected NOR sites. There was no silver staining at any of the metaphase NORs in this ant, but rather the kinetochores stained faintly.
{"title":"Phase specific Ag-staining of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and kinetochores in the Australian ant Myrmecia croslandi","authors":"H. Imai, H. Hirai, Y. Satta, T. Shiroishi, M. Yamada, Robert W. Taylor","doi":"10.1266/JJG.67.437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.67.437","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed localization of NORs on metaphase chromosomes of the Australian ant Myrmecia croslandi were examined using rDNA: DNA in situ hybridization. In individuals with 2K=1M(1+2)+1SM 1+1M2 (2n=3) NORs are located at the proximal region of the short arm heterochromatin block in 1M(1+2), and at the chromosomal gap in the heterochromatic short arm of M2. These findings were supported by cytological evidence that nucleoli appeared exactly at the expected NOR sites. There was no silver staining at any of the metaphase NORs in this ant, but rather the kinetochores stained faintly.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"437-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82376391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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