With the aid of telocentric lines of Emmer wheat, the chromosomes involved in seven chromosome types (one standard type and six translocation types) in wild Emmer, Triticum dicoccoides, were identified. Type Ela was of almost the same chromosome structure as that of durum LD 222 with a small reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 4B and 2B. Type Elb had a major translocation between 2A and 2B and a minor one probably between 2B and 3B. Type E2 had a major translocation between 2B and 3B. Type E3 had a major translocation between 5B and 7B. Type E4 had a major translocation between 4B and 3B and a minor one between 2B and 4B or 3B. Type E5 had a major translocation between 6B and 7B. Type E6 had a major translocation between 1A and 5A. We discussed the result in comparison with the previously reported data on the same translocations.
{"title":"Identification of chromosomes involved in translocations in wild Emmer","authors":"K. Nishikawa, S. Mizuno, Y. Furuta","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.371","url":null,"abstract":"With the aid of telocentric lines of Emmer wheat, the chromosomes involved in seven chromosome types (one standard type and six translocation types) in wild Emmer, Triticum dicoccoides, were identified. Type Ela was of almost the same chromosome structure as that of durum LD 222 with a small reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 4B and 2B. Type Elb had a major translocation between 2A and 2B and a minor one probably between 2B and 3B. Type E2 had a major translocation between 2B and 3B. Type E3 had a major translocation between 5B and 7B. Type E4 had a major translocation between 4B and 3B and a minor one between 2B and 4B or 3B. Type E5 had a major translocation between 6B and 7B. Type E6 had a major translocation between 1A and 5A. We discussed the result in comparison with the previously reported data on the same translocations.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"71 1","pages":"371-376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88104067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sectoring patterns of somatic pink mutations were analyzed in the stamen hairs of Tradescantia clone KU 20, a temperature-sensitive mutable clone. This clone is a blue/pink heterozygote, and its spontaneous pink mutation frequency increases up to about 40-fold at lower temperature. In order to elucidate the mutable nature of this clone, the sectoring patterns were analyzed on 1,123 spontaneous pink mutant events and on 2,725 pink mutant events induced by 0.606 and 1.28 Gy of gamma rays. The average number of pink cells per terminal pink mutant event (a row of pink cells including the terminal cell of a hair) occurred spontaneously was 7.40, whereas the number for the terminal pink mutant event induced by gamma rays varied from 3.33 to 9.88 depending on the post-irradiation days, i.e. , increased gradually as the number of days proceeded, then was stabilized at the level of spontaneous mutations after about three weeks. The average number of pink cells per interstitial pink mutant event (a single pink cell or two or more contiguous pink cells between blue cells) was 1.97 for spontaneous mutations, while the number for induced mutations varied also depending on the post-irradiation days. The ratio of the number of interstitial pink mutant events against that of terminal pink mutant events was 1.35 for spontaneous mutations, but the ratio for induced mutations varied also with post-irradiation period reaching 2.89 at the peak, indicating that more interstitial pink mutant events are induced by gamma rays than terminal pink mutant events, as compared with spontaneous mutations. The frequency of multiple pink mutant sectors in a hair was more than four times higher than that expected from independent occurrences in case of spontaneous mutations, while the frequency was close to the expectation in induced mutations, suggesting that somatic recombination is involved as one of the major causes of spontaneous mutations in this mutable clone.
研究了温度敏感型变克隆川花(Tradescantia) KU 20雄蕊体细胞粉色突变的分选模式。该无性系为蓝/粉杂合子，低温下其粉红自发突变频率可达40倍左右。为了阐明该克隆的易变性，对1,123个自发粉色突变体和2,725个受0.606和1.28 Gy γ射线诱导的粉色突变体进行了切分模式分析。每个末端粉红突变事件(包括一根头发的末端细胞在内的一排粉红色细胞)自发发生的粉红细胞数平均为7.40个，而伽马射线诱导的末端粉红突变事件的数量根据照射后天数的不同在3.33 ~ 9.88个之间变化，即随着照射天数的增加而逐渐增加，约三周后稳定在自发突变水平。自发突变时，每个间质粉红色突变事件(单个粉红色细胞或蓝色细胞之间的两个或多个相邻粉红色细胞)的平均粉红色细胞数为1.97，而诱导突变的数量也取决于辐照后的天数。自发突变间质粉色突变与末端粉色突变的比值为1.35，而诱导突变的比值也随辐照后时间的变化而变化，峰值为2.89，说明与自发突变相比，伽马射线诱导的间质粉色突变事件比末端粉色突变事件更多。一根头发中多个粉色突变区出现的频率比自发突变中独立出现的频率高出4倍以上，而在诱导突变中出现的频率接近预期，这表明体细胞重组是该可变克隆中自发突变的主要原因之一。
{"title":"Sectoring patterns of spontaneous and radiation-induced somatic pink mutations in the stamen hairs of a temperature-sensitive mutable clone of Tradescantia","authors":"S. Ichikawa","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.577","url":null,"abstract":"The sectoring patterns of somatic pink mutations were analyzed in the stamen hairs of Tradescantia clone KU 20, a temperature-sensitive mutable clone. This clone is a blue/pink heterozygote, and its spontaneous pink mutation frequency increases up to about 40-fold at lower temperature. In order to elucidate the mutable nature of this clone, the sectoring patterns were analyzed on 1,123 spontaneous pink mutant events and on 2,725 pink mutant events induced by 0.606 and 1.28 Gy of gamma rays. The average number of pink cells per terminal pink mutant event (a row of pink cells including the terminal cell of a hair) occurred spontaneously was 7.40, whereas the number for the terminal pink mutant event induced by gamma rays varied from 3.33 to 9.88 depending on the post-irradiation days, i.e. , increased gradually as the number of days proceeded, then was stabilized at the level of spontaneous mutations after about three weeks. The average number of pink cells per interstitial pink mutant event (a single pink cell or two or more contiguous pink cells between blue cells) was 1.97 for spontaneous mutations, while the number for induced mutations varied also depending on the post-irradiation days. The ratio of the number of interstitial pink mutant events against that of terminal pink mutant events was 1.35 for spontaneous mutations, but the ratio for induced mutations varied also with post-irradiation period reaching 2.89 at the peak, indicating that more interstitial pink mutant events are induced by gamma rays than terminal pink mutant events, as compared with spontaneous mutations. The frequency of multiple pink mutant sectors in a hair was more than four times higher than that expected from independent occurrences in case of spontaneous mutations, while the frequency was close to the expectation in induced mutations, suggesting that somatic recombination is involved as one of the major causes of spontaneous mutations in this mutable clone.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"55 1","pages":"577-591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90060010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Nakamura, K. Ohtani, N. Mori, I. Panayotov, C. Kaneda
Chloroplast DNAs (cpDNAs) of Agropyron glaucum, Ag. trichophorum and Haynaldia villosa were studied using alloplasmic hybrids of common wheat (Triticum aestivum; nuclear donor) with cytoplasms of the respective species. Chloroplast genome sizes of the two Agropyron species and Hy. villosa were very close to 135 kb of common wheat. Restriction maps were constructed using seven restriction enzymes. Eight fragment length mutations (deletions/insertions) and five recognition site mutations were detected among 167 sites studied. CpDNAs of Agropyron, Hy. villosa and common wheat were very closely related: Base substitution rate per 100 base pairs (d) was 0.10 between Hy. villosa and common wheat, 0.19 between common wheat and Agropyron, and 0.29 between Agropyron and Hy. villosa. There was only one site difference (Hindlll site) between the two Agropyron species (d=0.05).
{"title":"Physical mapping of chloroplast DNAs of Agropyron glaucum, Ag. trichophorum and Haynaldia villosa using alloplasmic common wheat with cytoplasms of respective species","authors":"C. Nakamura, K. Ohtani, N. Mori, I. Panayotov, C. Kaneda","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.645","url":null,"abstract":"Chloroplast DNAs (cpDNAs) of Agropyron glaucum, Ag. trichophorum and Haynaldia villosa were studied using alloplasmic hybrids of common wheat (Triticum aestivum; nuclear donor) with cytoplasms of the respective species. Chloroplast genome sizes of the two Agropyron species and Hy. villosa were very close to 135 kb of common wheat. Restriction maps were constructed using seven restriction enzymes. Eight fragment length mutations (deletions/insertions) and five recognition site mutations were detected among 167 sites studied. CpDNAs of Agropyron, Hy. villosa and common wheat were very closely related: Base substitution rate per 100 base pairs (d) was 0.10 between Hy. villosa and common wheat, 0.19 between common wheat and Agropyron, and 0.29 between Agropyron and Hy. villosa. There was only one site difference (Hindlll site) between the two Agropyron species (d=0.05).","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"1200 1","pages":"645-655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83213157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Calli initiated from 7 rice varieties belonging to 3 subspecies, indica, japonica, and javanica were cultured for 2 and 14 months on the callus maintenance medium, transferred to the plant regeneration medium, and various organ redifferentiation/plant regeneration abilities were examined. Considerable variations especially in the shoot regeneration were observed among the varieties; four varieties [Tadukan (indica), Nipponbare and Sasanishiki (japonica) and Allorio (javanica)] retained the same redifferentiation abilities, while the remaining 3 varieties [Fujisaka 5 (japonica) and Te-tep and Choukoutou (indica)] showed only very much lowered abilities after 14 months. During the redifferentiation/regeneration period, samples were taken at 4-day intervals up to 36 days and peroxidase and acid phosphatase activities were measured. Activities of these enzymes increased after transfer to the regeneration medium. The patterns of the increase, although the same among varieties within the same subspecies, differed markedly between subspecies. Significant correlations between the redifferentiation/regeneration abilities and the activities of the two enzymes were observed.
{"title":"Varietal variations in biochemical changes during growth and redifferentiation of rice callus cultures","authors":"T. Abe, Y. Oka, T. Sasahara","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.385","url":null,"abstract":"Calli initiated from 7 rice varieties belonging to 3 subspecies, indica, japonica, and javanica were cultured for 2 and 14 months on the callus maintenance medium, transferred to the plant regeneration medium, and various organ redifferentiation/plant regeneration abilities were examined. Considerable variations especially in the shoot regeneration were observed among the varieties; four varieties [Tadukan (indica), Nipponbare and Sasanishiki (japonica) and Allorio (javanica)] retained the same redifferentiation abilities, while the remaining 3 varieties [Fujisaka 5 (japonica) and Te-tep and Choukoutou (indica)] showed only very much lowered abilities after 14 months. During the redifferentiation/regeneration period, samples were taken at 4-day intervals up to 36 days and peroxidase and acid phosphatase activities were measured. Activities of these enzymes increased after transfer to the regeneration medium. The patterns of the increase, although the same among varieties within the same subspecies, differed markedly between subspecies. Significant correlations between the redifferentiation/regeneration abilities and the activities of the two enzymes were observed.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"21 1","pages":"385-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89768782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A certain chromosome of Aegilops triuncialis is known to cause chromosomal aberrations in common wheat. We studied how frequently the Ae. triuncialis chromosome induced chromosome mutations in chromosome 1R of rye which was substituted for chromosome 1B in a common wheat cultivar. Wheat-rye translocations and deletions in chromosome 1R were found in more than 10% of the plants examined, and most of them were stably transmitted in the subsequent generations. The possible use of this system for inducing wheat-alien translocations is discussed in relation to wheat breeding.
{"title":"Structural changes of rye chromosome 1R induced by a gametocidal chromosome","authors":"T. Endo, Maki Yamamoto, Y. Mukai","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.13","url":null,"abstract":"A certain chromosome of Aegilops triuncialis is known to cause chromosomal aberrations in common wheat. We studied how frequently the Ae. triuncialis chromosome induced chromosome mutations in chromosome 1R of rye which was substituted for chromosome 1B in a common wheat cultivar. Wheat-rye translocations and deletions in chromosome 1R were found in more than 10% of the plants examined, and most of them were stably transmitted in the subsequent generations. The possible use of this system for inducing wheat-alien translocations is discussed in relation to wheat breeding.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"4 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72639215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disomic behavior of polyploid tuber-bearing Solanum species","authors":"Kazuo N. Watanabe, M. Orrillo","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.637","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"50 1","pages":"637-643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87549711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Partially sterile F1 barley plants were found when some Ethiopian varieties were crossed with Tayeh 1 (Chinese landrace), even though the parents were completely fertile. This hybrid sterility is shown to be controlled by two duplicate genes (sfg1 and sfg2). Because this gene interaction affects the female gamete only, the female gametes carrying the both sfg1 and sfg2 genes became sterile, the end result being that seed fertility of the F1 plants is decreased to around 75%. Seed fertility was not significantly influenced by cytoplasms and genetic backgrounds of the F1 plants, and years grown the F1 plants.
{"title":"GENETIC STUDIES ON HYBRID STERILITY IN BARLEY","authors":"Y. Fukushima, T. Konishi","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.719","url":null,"abstract":"Partially sterile F1 barley plants were found when some Ethiopian varieties were crossed with Tayeh 1 (Chinese landrace), even though the parents were completely fertile. This hybrid sterility is shown to be controlled by two duplicate genes (sfg1 and sfg2). Because this gene interaction affects the female gamete only, the female gametes carrying the both sfg1 and sfg2 genes became sterile, the end result being that seed fertility of the F1 plants is decreased to around 75%. Seed fertility was not significantly influenced by cytoplasms and genetic backgrounds of the F1 plants, and years grown the F1 plants.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"2 1","pages":"719-726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89833961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A plant steroid hormone, brassinolide, was found to induce parthenogenetic haploid seed generation when applied to the stigmas of the castrated flower buds. In the two species examined, Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica juncea, haploid seeds were obtained which developed to stable haploid plants, but in the third species, Tradescantia paludosa, haploid seeds when germinated soon became haplo-diplo mixoploid and then diploid.
{"title":"Induction of parthenogenetic haploid plants with brassinolide","authors":"Y. Kitani","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.35","url":null,"abstract":"A plant steroid hormone, brassinolide, was found to induce parthenogenetic haploid seed generation when applied to the stigmas of the castrated flower buds. In the two species examined, Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica juncea, haploid seeds were obtained which developed to stable haploid plants, but in the third species, Tradescantia paludosa, haploid seeds when germinated soon became haplo-diplo mixoploid and then diploid.","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"21 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86725428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Different expression in MDH isozymes among local populations in freshwater shrimp, Paratya compressa (Decapoda: Atyidae)","authors":"M. Ikeda, A. Kijima, Y. Fujio","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.679","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"47 1","pages":"679-684"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87724506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tohru Suzuki, C. Nakamura, N. Mori, Y. Iwasa, C. Kaneda
{"title":"Homoeologous group 1 chromosomes of Agropyron restore nucleus-cytoplasmic compatibility in alloplasmic common wheat with Agropyron cytoplasms","authors":"Tohru Suzuki, C. Nakamura, N. Mori, Y. Iwasa, C. Kaneda","doi":"10.1266/JJG.69.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/JJG.69.41","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22578,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese Journal of Genetics","volume":"2 1","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87850541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：