Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.001
Mo YoungJun, Jeong JongMin, Kim Bokyeong, Kwon Soonwook, Jeung JiUng
Association mapping is widely used in rice and other crops to identify genes underlying important agronomic traits. Most association mapping studies use diversity panels comprising accessions with various geographical origins to exploit their wide genetic variation. While locally adapted breeding lines are rarely used in association mapping owing to limited genetic diversity, genes/alleles identified from elite germplasm are practically valuable as they can be directly utilized in breeding programs. In this study, we analyzed genetic diversity of 179 rice varieties (161 japonica and 18 Tongil-type) released in Korea from 1970 to 2006 using 192 microsatellite markers evenly distributed across the genome. The 161 japonica rice varieties were genetically very close to each other with limited diversity as they were developed mainly through elite-by-elite crosses to meet the specific local demands for high quality japonica rice in Korea. Despite the narrow genetic background, abundant phenotypic variation was observed in heading time, culm length, and amylose and protein content in the 161 japonica rice varieties. Using these varieties in association mapping, we identified six, seven, ten, and four loci significantly associated with heading time, culm length, and amylose and protein content, respectively. The sums of allelic effects of these loci showed highly significant positive correlation with the observed phenotypic values for each trait, indicating that the allelic variation at these loci can be useful when designing cross combinations and predicting progeny performance in local breeding programs.
{"title":"Utilization of elite Korean japonica rice varieties for association mapping of heading time, culm length, and amylose and protein content.","authors":"Mo YoungJun, Jeong JongMin, Kim Bokyeong, Kwon Soonwook, Jeung JiUng","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"Association mapping is widely used in rice and other crops to identify genes underlying important agronomic traits. Most association mapping studies use diversity panels comprising accessions with various geographical origins to exploit their wide genetic variation. While locally adapted breeding lines are rarely used in association mapping owing to limited genetic diversity, genes/alleles identified from elite germplasm are practically valuable as they can be directly utilized in breeding programs. In this study, we analyzed genetic diversity of 179 rice varieties (161 japonica and 18 Tongil-type) released in Korea from 1970 to 2006 using 192 microsatellite markers evenly distributed across the genome. The 161 japonica rice varieties were genetically very close to each other with limited diversity as they were developed mainly through elite-by-elite crosses to meet the specific local demands for high quality japonica rice in Korea. Despite the narrow genetic background, abundant phenotypic variation was observed in heading time, culm length, and amylose and protein content in the 161 japonica rice varieties. Using these varieties in association mapping, we identified six, seven, ten, and four loci significantly associated with heading time, culm length, and amylose and protein content, respectively. The sums of allelic effects of these loci showed highly significant positive correlation with the observed phenotypic values for each trait, indicating that the allelic variation at these loci can be useful when designing cross combinations and predicting progeny performance in local breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90782556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.040
Hyun‐Joo Kim, Yu-Young Lee, B. Lee, K. Woo, Jun-Hyeon Cho, Jihae Lee, Byoungkyu Lee
{"title":"Quality Characteristics of Fish Cakes Containing Flour Derived from Eight Rice Varieties","authors":"Hyun‐Joo Kim, Yu-Young Lee, B. Lee, K. Woo, Jun-Hyeon Cho, Jihae Lee, Byoungkyu Lee","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"40-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87299776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.4.436
Jin-Soo Lim, Bang-Hyun Lee, Seunghee Kang, Tae-Geun Lee
{"title":"Influence of Fertilization Treatment using Organic Amendment based on Soil Testing on Plant Growth and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Potato","authors":"Jin-Soo Lim, Bang-Hyun Lee, Seunghee Kang, Tae-Geun Lee","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.4.436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.4.436","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"436-446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87248175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.047
Lee Hye-ji, Kim BoHwan, K. Wook, Park SeiJoon
{"title":"Classification of flowering group and the evaluation of flowering characteristics for soybean (Glycine max Merrill) varieties from North Korea.","authors":"Lee Hye-ji, Kim BoHwan, K. Wook, Park SeiJoon","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87329320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.2.104
Y. Go, Jung-Tae Kim, Hwan-Hee Bae, B. Son, G. Yi, Jun Young Ha, Sun-Lim Kim, S. Baek
Maize is thought to be an alternative crop to rice in paddy fields for efficient field management and maintenance of rice production at appropriate levels in Korea. Thus efforts to breed waterlogging-tolerant maize cultivars have been ongoing. However, molecular studies related to waterlogging tolerance are limited for developing molecular markers to select waterlogging tolerant maize varieties. In this study, we examined molecular biological changes of B73 in the V3 stage after immersion treatment for 7 days. Overall growth of maize was lower in treated samples compared to non-immersed control samples. The length of leaf and root decreased by 21.3% and 50.6%, respectively and the weight of root reduced by 21.6%. Soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value and chlorophyll content of leaf also decreased by 55.7% and 35.3%, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of root increased by 46.5% at 2 hours in immersion treatment. In addition, immersed roots were 2.5-fold thickened with additional aerenchyma formation in the cortex. In order to identify the causes of these changes, we performed a microarray and found increased expression of genes, such as WIP1, PMIP2, EXPA1, TPS1, and MAS1, in immersed samples. These differentially expressed genes and expression of previously reported genes, including ALDH2, Wusl1032, UP-1, UP-2, and CAT2 were further confirmed with qRT-PCR. Here, we report 7 differentially expressed genes after immersing treatment, which may be utilized as useful resources for breeding waterloggingtolerant maize.
{"title":"Analysis of Growth Response and Gene Expression by Waterlogging Stress on B73 Maize","authors":"Y. Go, Jung-Tae Kim, Hwan-Hee Bae, B. Son, G. Yi, Jun Young Ha, Sun-Lim Kim, S. Baek","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.2.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.2.104","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is thought to be an alternative crop to rice in paddy fields for efficient field management and maintenance of rice production at appropriate levels in Korea. Thus efforts to breed waterlogging-tolerant maize cultivars have been ongoing. However, molecular studies related to waterlogging tolerance are limited for developing molecular markers to select waterlogging tolerant maize varieties. In this study, we examined molecular biological changes of B73 in the V3 stage after immersion treatment for 7 days. Overall growth of maize was lower in treated samples compared to non-immersed control samples. The length of leaf and root decreased by 21.3% and 50.6%, respectively and the weight of root reduced by 21.6%. Soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value and chlorophyll content of leaf also decreased by 55.7% and 35.3%, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of root increased by 46.5% at 2 hours in immersion treatment. In addition, immersed roots were 2.5-fold thickened with additional aerenchyma formation in the cortex. In order to identify the causes of these changes, we performed a microarray and found increased expression of genes, such as WIP1, PMIP2, EXPA1, TPS1, and MAS1, in immersed samples. These differentially expressed genes and expression of previously reported genes, including ALDH2, Wusl1032, UP-1, UP-2, and CAT2 were further confirmed with qRT-PCR. Here, we report 7 differentially expressed genes after immersing treatment, which may be utilized as useful resources for breeding waterloggingtolerant maize.","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"83 1","pages":"104-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84246096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.056
Kim BoHwan, Lee Hye-ji, K. Wook, Park SeiJoon
The meteorological ecology of a soybean variety (Glycine max Merrill) and its characteristics are important factors in selecting soybean variety suitable for the environment. This experiment was conducted to estimate the meteorologicalecological characteristics of soybean for 27 crop cultivation regions in North Korea. The meteorological ecology of each region was determined by the last harvest date and the maximum growth day determined using the daily minimum temperature of the region. The soybean meteorological group for 27 regions in North Korea was classified by eight groups. The last harvest date of group I, the south-west and south-east areas, was from October 21 to 29, which was the latest harvest date among the eight groups. It became shorter toward the central inland and mountainous areas of group IV, and it ranged from September 18 to October 2. The maximum number of growth days was 153~160 days in group I, and 100~111 days in group IV-3, the northernmost area of the east coast. Assuming total growth days as 110 days, the ranges of last flowering dates (and the day length) of group I, II, III, and IV were August 12~19 (day length of 13.5~13.8 h), August 2~6 (14-14.2 h), July 27~August 2 (14.2~14.4 h), and July 10~22 (14.5~14.8 h), respectively. The accumulative temperature of 110 growth days was above 2,400°C in group II-1, the south to north area of the west inland, and above 2,300°C in all regions except Cheongjin, Seonbong, and Jung-gang. The accumulative temperature calculated based on the maximum growth day was above 3,000°C in group I and II-1 and above 2,500°C in group II-2, the central area of the east coast, III-1, the central inland area, and IV-1, the central inland mountain area.
{"title":"Estimation of Meteorological Ecology of Soybean (Glycine max Merrill) for Crop Cultivation Regions of North Korea","authors":"Kim BoHwan, Lee Hye-ji, K. Wook, Park SeiJoon","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.056","url":null,"abstract":"The meteorological ecology of a soybean variety (Glycine max Merrill) and its characteristics are important factors in selecting soybean variety suitable for the environment. This experiment was conducted to estimate the meteorologicalecological characteristics of soybean for 27 crop cultivation regions in North Korea. The meteorological ecology of each region was determined by the last harvest date and the maximum growth day determined using the daily minimum temperature of the region. The soybean meteorological group for 27 regions in North Korea was classified by eight groups. The last harvest date of group I, the south-west and south-east areas, was from October 21 to 29, which was the latest harvest date among the eight groups. It became shorter toward the central inland and mountainous areas of group IV, and it ranged from September 18 to October 2. The maximum number of growth days was 153~160 days in group I, and 100~111 days in group IV-3, the northernmost area of the east coast. Assuming total growth days as 110 days, the ranges of last flowering dates (and the day length) of group I, II, III, and IV were August 12~19 (day length of 13.5~13.8 h), August 2~6 (14-14.2 h), July 27~August 2 (14.2~14.4 h), and July 10~22 (14.5~14.8 h), respectively. The accumulative temperature of 110 growth days was above 2,400°C in group II-1, the south to north area of the west inland, and above 2,300°C in all regions except Cheongjin, Seonbong, and Jung-gang. The accumulative temperature calculated based on the maximum growth day was above 3,000°C in group I and II-1 and above 2,500°C in group II-2, the central area of the east coast, III-1, the central inland area, and IV-1, the central inland mountain area.","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"112 1","pages":"56-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89115175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.072
Yong-Ku Kang, Youn-Ho Moon, Da-Eun Kwon, J. Lee, Kwang-Soo Kim, Young-Lok Cha
In this study, miscanthus with C/N ratio of 224 were applied to the soil and treated with 0 (control), 10 tons and 20 tons·ha to improve the soil and promote crop growth. As a result, soil organic matter content increased from 11.0 g·kg before the test to 16.3 after 3 years. Soil cation exchangeable capacity increased to 15.3 cmolc·kg -1 after 3 years. In the sweet sorghum, stem was the most thickest at 20 tons·ha application of miscanthus and the highest juice amount per plant was 60 ml. The yield index multiplied by the soluble solids content of juice and juice amount was the highest at 1,913 for 10 tons application and 1,851, 1,839 for 20 tons, control respectively. Number of sweetpotato storage root were 2,9 in 20-tons application plot, the same as control, and 10-tons application plot was 3.6, the most. Two-year average yields of 20 tons plot and control were low at 2,579 kg/10a and 2,708 respectively, and 10 tons plot was the highest at 3,289. For onions, the biomass application did not effect the yield. but onion plant and leaf length were longer in 20 tons plot than in control or 10 tons. The yield of garlic was 2,630~2,901 kg/10a and there was no effect of miscanthus application. Plot of 10 tons application were the longest in plant and leaf length, and the number of scale was 8.2-8.3 per in bulb, and 8.9 tons·ha in control. Therefore, it was confirmed the possibility that miscanthus biomass application of about 10 tons·ha-1 could improve the soil condition and promote crops growth and yield.
{"title":"Effect of Miscanthus Biomass Application on Upland Soil Physicochemical Properties and Crops Growth","authors":"Yong-Ku Kang, Youn-Ho Moon, Da-Eun Kwon, J. Lee, Kwang-Soo Kim, Young-Lok Cha","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.072","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, miscanthus with C/N ratio of 224 were applied to the soil and treated with 0 (control), 10 tons and 20 tons·ha to improve the soil and promote crop growth. As a result, soil organic matter content increased from 11.0 g·kg before the test to 16.3 after 3 years. Soil cation exchangeable capacity increased to 15.3 cmolc·kg -1 after 3 years. In the sweet sorghum, stem was the most thickest at 20 tons·ha application of miscanthus and the highest juice amount per plant was 60 ml. The yield index multiplied by the soluble solids content of juice and juice amount was the highest at 1,913 for 10 tons application and 1,851, 1,839 for 20 tons, control respectively. Number of sweetpotato storage root were 2,9 in 20-tons application plot, the same as control, and 10-tons application plot was 3.6, the most. Two-year average yields of 20 tons plot and control were low at 2,579 kg/10a and 2,708 respectively, and 10 tons plot was the highest at 3,289. For onions, the biomass application did not effect the yield. but onion plant and leaf length were longer in 20 tons plot than in control or 10 tons. The yield of garlic was 2,630~2,901 kg/10a and there was no effect of miscanthus application. Plot of 10 tons application were the longest in plant and leaf length, and the number of scale was 8.2-8.3 per in bulb, and 8.9 tons·ha in control. Therefore, it was confirmed the possibility that miscanthus biomass application of about 10 tons·ha-1 could improve the soil condition and promote crops growth and yield.","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"93 1","pages":"72-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90431823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.030
Yang-Soon Kang, W. Kim, Duck Sang Hwang, H. Kim
{"title":"Methods of application and beneficial effects of silicate-coating rice seeds.","authors":"Yang-Soon Kang, W. Kim, Duck Sang Hwang, H. Kim","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.1.030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"30-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73078188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.2.113
Doobo Shim, Seung-Ha Lee, J. Chung, M. C. Kim, Jung-Sung Chung, Y. Lee, Seung-Ho Jeon, G. Song, S. Shim
Global climatic change and increasing climatic instability threaten crop productivity. Due to climatic change, drought stress is occurring more frequently in crop fields. In this study, we investigated the effect of treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) before leaf development on the growth and yield of sorghum for minimizing the damage of crops to drought. To assess the effect of H2O2 on the growth of sorghum plant, 10 mM H2O2 was used to treat sorghum leaves at the 3-leaf stage during growth in field conditions. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width were increased by 7.6%, 9.6%, 8.3% and 11.5%, respectively. SPAD value, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were increased by 3.0%, 4.9%, 26.0%, 23.4% and 12.7%, respectively. The amount of H2O2 in the leaf tissue of sorghum plant treated with 10 mM H2O2 was 0.7% of the applied amount after 1 hour. The level increased to approximately 1.0% after 6 hours. The highest antioxidant activity measured by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity assay was 847.3 μmol·g-1 at 6 hour after treatment. However, in the well-watered condition, the concentration of H2O2 in the plant treated by the foliar application of H2O2 was 227.8 μmol·g-1 higher than that of the untreated control. H2O2 treatment improved all the yield components and yield-related factors. Panicle length, plant dry weight, panicle weight, seed weight per plant, seed weight per unit area, and thousand seed weight were increased by 8.8%, 18.0%, 24.4%, 24.7%, 29.9% and 7.1%, respectively. Proteomic analysis showed that H2O2 treatment in sorghum increased the tolerance to drought stress and maintained growth and yield by ameliorating oxidative stress.
全球气候变化和日益加剧的气候不稳定威胁着作物生产力。由于气候变化，干旱胁迫越来越频繁地发生在农田里。本研究研究了叶片发育前处理过氧化氢(H2O2)对高粱生长和产量的影响，以减少作物对干旱的危害。为了研究H2O2对高粱植株生长的影响，在田间条件下，采用10 mM H2O2处理高粱生长的3叶期叶片。株高、茎粗、叶长和叶宽分别增加7.6%、9.6%、8.3%和11.5%。SPAD值、叶绿素荧光(Fv/Fm)、光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率分别提高了3.0%、4.9%、26.0%、23.4%和12.7%。10 mM H2O2处理1 h后，高粱叶片组织中H2O2含量为施用量的0.7%。6小时后，该水平上升至约1.0%。处理后6 h，氧自由基吸收能力测定法测定的抗氧化活性最高，为847.3 μmol·g-1。但在水分充足的条件下，叶面施用H2O2处理的植株H2O2浓度比未处理的植株高227.8 μmol·g-1。H2O2处理提高了所有产量成分和产量相关因子。穗长、植株干重、穗重、单株种子重、单位面积种子重和千粒重分别提高了8.8%、18.0%、24.4%、24.7%、29.9%和7.1%。蛋白质组学分析表明，H2O2处理通过改善氧化胁迫，提高了高粱对干旱胁迫的耐受性，维持了高粱的生长和产量。
{"title":"Mitigation Effects of Foliar-Applied Hydrogen Peroxide on Drought Stress in Sorghum bicolor","authors":"Doobo Shim, Seung-Ha Lee, J. Chung, M. C. Kim, Jung-Sung Chung, Y. Lee, Seung-Ho Jeon, G. Song, S. Shim","doi":"10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.2.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.2.113","url":null,"abstract":"Global climatic change and increasing climatic instability threaten crop productivity. Due to climatic change, drought stress is occurring more frequently in crop fields. In this study, we investigated the effect of treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) before leaf development on the growth and yield of sorghum for minimizing the damage of crops to drought. To assess the effect of H2O2 on the growth of sorghum plant, 10 mM H2O2 was used to treat sorghum leaves at the 3-leaf stage during growth in field conditions. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width were increased by 7.6%, 9.6%, 8.3% and 11.5%, respectively. SPAD value, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were increased by 3.0%, 4.9%, 26.0%, 23.4% and 12.7%, respectively. The amount of H2O2 in the leaf tissue of sorghum plant treated with 10 mM H2O2 was 0.7% of the applied amount after 1 hour. The level increased to approximately 1.0% after 6 hours. The highest antioxidant activity measured by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity assay was 847.3 μmol·g-1 at 6 hour after treatment. However, in the well-watered condition, the concentration of H2O2 in the plant treated by the foliar application of H2O2 was 227.8 μmol·g-1 higher than that of the untreated control. H2O2 treatment improved all the yield components and yield-related factors. Panicle length, plant dry weight, panicle weight, seed weight per plant, seed weight per unit area, and thousand seed weight were increased by 8.8%, 18.0%, 24.4%, 24.7%, 29.9% and 7.1%, respectively. Proteomic analysis showed that H2O2 treatment in sorghum increased the tolerance to drought stress and maintained growth and yield by ameliorating oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":22717,"journal":{"name":"The Korean Journal of Crop Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"113-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86883976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.7740/KJCS.2020.65.3.161
Jong‐Min Jeong, Y. Mo, Man-Kee Baek, Woo-Jae Kim, Young-chan Cho, Su-Kyung Ha, Jinhee Kim, J. Jeung, Suk‐Man Kim
Direct seeding is one of the rice seedling establishment methods that is increasingly being practiced by farmers to save labor and reduce costs. However, this method often causes poor germination under flooding conditions after sowing. In this study, we developed japonica elite lines with quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with anaerobic germination (AG) tolerance to overcome poor germination and seedling establishment in wet direct seeding. The QTL introgression lines were developed from a cross between weedy photoblastic rice as the AG donor and the Nampyeong variety via phenotypic and genotypic selection. Compared to Nampyeong, the survival rates of the selected lines were improved by approximately 50% and 240% under field and greenhouse conditions, respectively. To improve selection efficiency by marker assisted selection, the QTL markers associated with AG tolerance were converted to cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers designed based on next-generation sequence analysis. These lines retained similar agronomic traits and yield potential to the parent, Nampyeong. Among these lines, we selected the most promising line, which exhibited high survival rate and good agricultural traits under flooding conditions and named the line as Jeonju643. This line will contribute to breeding programs aiming to develop rice cultivars adapted to wet direct seeding. This study demonstrates the successful application of marker-assisted selection to targeted introgression of anaerobic genes into a premium quality japonica rice variety.
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