Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1036
T. Katagiri, H. Takeuchi, H. Hoshina
We have developed the technology to treat automobile shredder residue (ASR) appropriately for the nonferrous metals recycling and non ferrous metals and refining technology. In this technology, we adopted twostage-carbonization process for reducing fatal factors such as chlorine problem and difficulty of handling of ASR. In this two-stage-carbonization process, PVC is decomposed selectively for the removal of chlorine at 350°C, then the residue of the first carbonization is carbonized for the decomposition of residual plastics at 550°C. Finally, nonferrous metals contained in the ASR is recovered as metal form and organic materials such as plastics is converted to gas, oil and carbon for the utilization as fuel.
{"title":"Recycling. Thermal Treatment Technology of Automobile Residue. Carbonization Method.","authors":"T. Katagiri, H. Takeuchi, H. Hoshina","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1036","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed the technology to treat automobile shredder residue (ASR) appropriately for the nonferrous metals recycling and non ferrous metals and refining technology. In this technology, we adopted twostage-carbonization process for reducing fatal factors such as chlorine problem and difficulty of handling of ASR. In this two-stage-carbonization process, PVC is decomposed selectively for the removal of chlorine at 350°C, then the residue of the first carbonization is carbonized for the decomposition of residual plastics at 550°C. Finally, nonferrous metals contained in the ASR is recovered as metal form and organic materials such as plastics is converted to gas, oil and carbon for the utilization as fuel.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"19 1","pages":"1036-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76397608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.61
S. Higashi, N. Hirano, N. Yamasaki
Hectorite is a smectite clay having an ideal composition of Na0.33 (Mg2.67Li0.33) Si4O10 (OH) 2·nH2O, which has been used as an effective colloidal dispersion system due to its favorable rheological properties.When amorphous slurry comprising approximately 2-5 weight % of hectorite composition, which is prepared from sulfuric-acid solved water glass mixed with aqueous solutions of MgC12, LiOH and NaOH, is hydrothermally treated at 150-350°C conditions for 1-2 hour, viscous hectorite gel is formed above 200°C: the process may be applicable to water control of flowing and/or plugging in the geothermal reservoir fractures. Laboratory test for a water control system has been carried out using a simulator, a newly designed thermal gradient-type reactor. The results are satisfied: the flow path between the granite fragments filled in the reactor is plugged with hectorite gel formed by hydrothermal process of amorphous slurry comprising 2 weight % of hectorite compositon at 200°C and 250°C conditions.Such gel material for the underground high temperature conditions may be useful to make design of extracting huge geothermal energy through artificial fractures developed in the hot dry rock.
{"title":"Water Control Gel for High Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Using Hydrothermal Process of Hectorite.","authors":"S. Higashi, N. Hirano, N. Yamasaki","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.61","url":null,"abstract":"Hectorite is a smectite clay having an ideal composition of Na0.33 (Mg2.67Li0.33) Si4O10 (OH) 2·nH2O, which has been used as an effective colloidal dispersion system due to its favorable rheological properties.When amorphous slurry comprising approximately 2-5 weight % of hectorite composition, which is prepared from sulfuric-acid solved water glass mixed with aqueous solutions of MgC12, LiOH and NaOH, is hydrothermally treated at 150-350°C conditions for 1-2 hour, viscous hectorite gel is formed above 200°C: the process may be applicable to water control of flowing and/or plugging in the geothermal reservoir fractures. Laboratory test for a water control system has been carried out using a simulator, a newly designed thermal gradient-type reactor. The results are satisfied: the flow path between the granite fragments filled in the reactor is plugged with hectorite gel formed by hydrothermal process of amorphous slurry comprising 2 weight % of hectorite compositon at 200°C and 250°C conditions.Such gel material for the underground high temperature conditions may be useful to make design of extracting huge geothermal energy through artificial fractures developed in the hot dry rock.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"39 1","pages":"61-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73998667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.275
H. Koyanaka, Y. Koyanaka, Y. Numata, T. Wakamatsu
Lithium was collected from an artificial ocean current by using an adsorption plate method. For this experiment, 30 tons of sea water were transported to our laboratory from Beppu Bay, Japan and an artificial ocean current was generated in a circulating water channel. We used an adsorption plate made from acrylic plate onto which an oxygen-manganese type powder adsorbent was applied. The experimental results are shown as follows:(1) It was confirmed that over 400mg Li were collected per unit square meter of adsorption plate, after 60hours, in an artificial ocean current of 125cm/sec. This amount of Li is equivalent to the Li content of 58g spodumene, which is the most popular Li land ore.(2) The rate of Li adsorption depended significantly on the ocean current velocity. Therefore, in our opinion, an industrial Li collection plant should be constructed at a sea area where exists a natural ocean current, such as the Kuroshio current.(3) The Li collecting ability of the adsorption plate was maintained throughout 16 tests of Li collection from the ocean current.
{"title":"Collection of Lithium from Sea Water by an Adsorption Plate Method.","authors":"H. Koyanaka, Y. Koyanaka, Y. Numata, T. Wakamatsu","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.275","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium was collected from an artificial ocean current by using an adsorption plate method. For this experiment, 30 tons of sea water were transported to our laboratory from Beppu Bay, Japan and an artificial ocean current was generated in a circulating water channel. We used an adsorption plate made from acrylic plate onto which an oxygen-manganese type powder adsorbent was applied. The experimental results are shown as follows:(1) It was confirmed that over 400mg Li were collected per unit square meter of adsorption plate, after 60hours, in an artificial ocean current of 125cm/sec. This amount of Li is equivalent to the Li content of 58g spodumene, which is the most popular Li land ore.(2) The rate of Li adsorption depended significantly on the ocean current velocity. Therefore, in our opinion, an industrial Li collection plant should be constructed at a sea area where exists a natural ocean current, such as the Kuroshio current.(3) The Li collecting ability of the adsorption plate was maintained throughout 16 tests of Li collection from the ocean current.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"1 1","pages":"275-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77389131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/shigentosozai.113.281
Y. Mori, H. Kurokawa, N. Kemori
Changes of the matte grade and oxygen pressure during the slag making stage in a PS copper converter were calculated by equilibrium calculations. In the calculation a slag making stage was simulated by many calculation steps in series, each of the steps being assumed in an equilibrium state. Results of the calculation were compared with experimental values measured in pilot and commercial converters.1. Calculated and measured matte grade changes were in good agreement with each other during the slag making stage. In particular, both of the changes showed that in the beginning of the stage there was a period of time for which the matte grade did not increase appreciably in spite of blowing. According to the present calculation, this was attributed to an increase of oxygen disolved in the matte.2. Calculated oxygen pressures at the beginning and the end of the stage agreed relatively well with those measured for the matte before blowing and for the converter slag after the stage, respectively. However oxygen pressures measured through the converter mouth during the stage were rather higher than those predicted by the calculation. Some of the measurements gave higher oxygen pressures than those measured even at the end of the stage.3. To explain the above mentioned phenomena by equilibrium calculation, a two-zone converter model has been developed. In the model the matte holding zone in a converter consists of two zones, i. e. a magnetite formation zone and a magnetite reduction zone, which are assumed in a different equilibrium state. By setting a proper ratio of the two zones, differences in oxygen pressure between the white metal and the converter slag at the end of the slag making stage were explained to some extent.
{"title":"The Application of Equilibrium Calculation to the Converting Reaction of Copper Matte in a PS Converter.","authors":"Y. Mori, H. Kurokawa, N. Kemori","doi":"10.2473/shigentosozai.113.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/shigentosozai.113.281","url":null,"abstract":"Changes of the matte grade and oxygen pressure during the slag making stage in a PS copper converter were calculated by equilibrium calculations. In the calculation a slag making stage was simulated by many calculation steps in series, each of the steps being assumed in an equilibrium state. Results of the calculation were compared with experimental values measured in pilot and commercial converters.1. Calculated and measured matte grade changes were in good agreement with each other during the slag making stage. In particular, both of the changes showed that in the beginning of the stage there was a period of time for which the matte grade did not increase appreciably in spite of blowing. According to the present calculation, this was attributed to an increase of oxygen disolved in the matte.2. Calculated oxygen pressures at the beginning and the end of the stage agreed relatively well with those measured for the matte before blowing and for the converter slag after the stage, respectively. However oxygen pressures measured through the converter mouth during the stage were rather higher than those predicted by the calculation. Some of the measurements gave higher oxygen pressures than those measured even at the end of the stage.3. To explain the above mentioned phenomena by equilibrium calculation, a two-zone converter model has been developed. In the model the matte holding zone in a converter consists of two zones, i. e. a magnetite formation zone and a magnetite reduction zone, which are assumed in a different equilibrium state. By setting a proper ratio of the two zones, differences in oxygen pressure between the white metal and the converter slag at the end of the slag making stage were explained to some extent.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"69 1","pages":"281-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81745899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.193
A. Inoue, M. Kawahara
Cobalt crust, one of the mineral resources at the seabed, includes nickel, cobalt, copper, iron and manganese fairly.At the beginning of this study, the dilute sulfuric acid leaching have been occurred on cobalt crust using hydrogen peroxide as a reductant. As a result of the leaching test, almost of all valuable metals in the cobalt crust were leached in the solution.By addition of the calcium carbonate in the leaching solution, iron was removed completely as iron hydroxide. In this time, the other valuable metals were not effected by the calcium carbonate.In the experiment of extraction, 10% LIX-84I kerosene solution was used. The extraction percentage from the leached solution with the 10% LIX 84-I kerosene solution were more than 99% for nickel, cobalt at pH: nearly 7.0 and copper at pH: nearly 2.0.In the stage of extraction, the separation of nickel and cobalt was difficult, because of the same extraction behavior. Therefore, the studies were occurred on separation by stripping. In the stripping from the organic phase containing nickel, cobalt and copper, copper was stripped with the hydrochloric acid solution at pH: nearly O. Nickel was stripped at pH: 1. After this operation, cobalt may be got by hydrogen sulfide.
{"title":"Extraction and Separation of Valuable Metals in Leaching Solution of Acidity obtained from Cobalt Crust.","authors":"A. Inoue, M. Kawahara","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.193","url":null,"abstract":"Cobalt crust, one of the mineral resources at the seabed, includes nickel, cobalt, copper, iron and manganese fairly.At the beginning of this study, the dilute sulfuric acid leaching have been occurred on cobalt crust using hydrogen peroxide as a reductant. As a result of the leaching test, almost of all valuable metals in the cobalt crust were leached in the solution.By addition of the calcium carbonate in the leaching solution, iron was removed completely as iron hydroxide. In this time, the other valuable metals were not effected by the calcium carbonate.In the experiment of extraction, 10% LIX-84I kerosene solution was used. The extraction percentage from the leached solution with the 10% LIX 84-I kerosene solution were more than 99% for nickel, cobalt at pH: nearly 7.0 and copper at pH: nearly 2.0.In the stage of extraction, the separation of nickel and cobalt was difficult, because of the same extraction behavior. Therefore, the studies were occurred on separation by stripping. In the stripping from the organic phase containing nickel, cobalt and copper, copper was stripped with the hydrochloric acid solution at pH: nearly O. Nickel was stripped at pH: 1. After this operation, cobalt may be got by hydrogen sulfide.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"13 1","pages":"193-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82008467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.254
M. Furuzumi, F. Sugimoto, M. Abe, Masayoshi Abe
{"title":"Time-Dependent Compressive Strength of Rock Containing Cracks Artificially Induced by Heating.","authors":"M. Furuzumi, F. Sugimoto, M. Abe, Masayoshi Abe","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"94 1","pages":"254-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77307073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/shigentosozai.113.549
N. Shimizu, Shuji Koyama, H. Ono, K. Miyashita, H. Kondo, Y. Mizuta
The authors are developing a real-time displacement monitoring system by using the Global Positioning System to assess the stability of large slopes. This paper presents the results of field experiments for long-term continuous measurements and discusses the stability and properties of the data obtained by the system. The measured values include random errors, deviations, and largely scattered errors. In order to choose the acceptable data from the original data, including the above errors, a data processing method is proposed in this paper. Applying the proposed method, the system can provide stable and reliable data.Field experiments for displacement measurements were also conducted to verify the applicability of the system to continuous displacement monitoring. It is concluded that the system can detect at least 5 mm displacements in the horizontal direction and 10 mm displacements in the vertical direction in real time. The accuracy is better than that of the conventional off-line GPS method.
{"title":"Field Experiments and Data Processing for Continuous Measurements by the GPS Displacement Monitoring System.","authors":"N. Shimizu, Shuji Koyama, H. Ono, K. Miyashita, H. Kondo, Y. Mizuta","doi":"10.2473/shigentosozai.113.549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/shigentosozai.113.549","url":null,"abstract":"The authors are developing a real-time displacement monitoring system by using the Global Positioning System to assess the stability of large slopes. This paper presents the results of field experiments for long-term continuous measurements and discusses the stability and properties of the data obtained by the system. The measured values include random errors, deviations, and largely scattered errors. In order to choose the acceptable data from the original data, including the above errors, a data processing method is proposed in this paper. Applying the proposed method, the system can provide stable and reliable data.Field experiments for displacement measurements were also conducted to verify the applicability of the system to continuous displacement monitoring. It is concluded that the system can detect at least 5 mm displacements in the horizontal direction and 10 mm displacements in the vertical direction in real time. The accuracy is better than that of the conventional off-line GPS method.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"1 1","pages":"549-554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84229558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.847
Sung-Oh Lee, W. Kim, J. Oh, B. Shin
Leaching characteristics of iron bearing impurities contained in clay mineral, have been investigated by using oxalic acid (OxA). Two types of samples with different particle size fractions (J-A;-16/+100 mesh and J-B;-100 mesh) were prepared for the experiment. The main components of the clay sample were identified to be sericite, α-quartz, and hydrated iron oxides as main contaminants of iron and iron aluminum silicate hydroxide [K (Fe, Al) 2 (Si, Al) 4O10 (OH) 2] as a second phase of Fe-contamination. With a reaction temperature 100°C, aL/S ratio 5: 1, a spin rate of 500 rpm, a reaction time of 120 min., the optimum leaching percentage was obtained at 0.38 mol/l oxalic acid concentration for J-A and at 0.19 mol/l for J-B. Leaching percentages for J-A and J-B were then 83%and 96%, respectively. The substantial removal of iron reached to 86.2% and 89.6% as Fe2O3, respectively. Instead of high leaching efficiency of iron from the J-B, it is limited to wash out the leached iron species because of a little adsorption of iron species on the surface of clay. The whiteness of the leached clay with oxalic acid decreased with the higher content of iron in the product. The small amount of magnetic materials remained after oxalic acid leaching, could be removed by weakly magnetic separator and identified a mixture of ferrous oxalate by XRD pattern.
{"title":"Iron-removal of Clay Mineral with Oxalic Acid.","authors":"Sung-Oh Lee, W. Kim, J. Oh, B. Shin","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.847","url":null,"abstract":"Leaching characteristics of iron bearing impurities contained in clay mineral, have been investigated by using oxalic acid (OxA). Two types of samples with different particle size fractions (J-A;-16/+100 mesh and J-B;-100 mesh) were prepared for the experiment. The main components of the clay sample were identified to be sericite, α-quartz, and hydrated iron oxides as main contaminants of iron and iron aluminum silicate hydroxide [K (Fe, Al) 2 (Si, Al) 4O10 (OH) 2] as a second phase of Fe-contamination. With a reaction temperature 100°C, aL/S ratio 5: 1, a spin rate of 500 rpm, a reaction time of 120 min., the optimum leaching percentage was obtained at 0.38 mol/l oxalic acid concentration for J-A and at 0.19 mol/l for J-B. Leaching percentages for J-A and J-B were then 83%and 96%, respectively. The substantial removal of iron reached to 86.2% and 89.6% as Fe2O3, respectively. Instead of high leaching efficiency of iron from the J-B, it is limited to wash out the leached iron species because of a little adsorption of iron species on the surface of clay. The whiteness of the leached clay with oxalic acid decreased with the higher content of iron in the product. The small amount of magnetic materials remained after oxalic acid leaching, could be removed by weakly magnetic separator and identified a mixture of ferrous oxalate by XRD pattern.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"14 1","pages":"847-851"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78277668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1055
K. Sasaki, M. Hongo, M. Tsunekawa
Aragonite type of calcium carbonate was synthesized via amorphous calcium carbonate from calcined scallop shell. The effect of aging and Mg2+ ion addition on polymorphism of the product was determined, and the mechanism of formation of aragonite is discussed. Aging of amorphous calcium carbonate first led to the formation of calcite and unstable vaterite, and the vaterite was then converted to aragonite with the longer aging. The addition of Mg2+ ions further enhanced the formation of aragonite. The elemental analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry and the characterization of the products by EPMA and XRD showed that Mg2+ ions were preferentially adsorbed on the calcite nucleus, then involved in the growing calcite (not needlelike crystal like aragonite). This adsorption inhibited the growth of calcite, leading to aragonite formation.
{"title":"Recycling. Synthesis of Aragonite-Type of Calcium Carbonate from Calcined Scallop Shell. With amorphous calcium carbonate as an intermediate.","authors":"K. Sasaki, M. Hongo, M. Tsunekawa","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1055","url":null,"abstract":"Aragonite type of calcium carbonate was synthesized via amorphous calcium carbonate from calcined scallop shell. The effect of aging and Mg2+ ion addition on polymorphism of the product was determined, and the mechanism of formation of aragonite is discussed. Aging of amorphous calcium carbonate first led to the formation of calcite and unstable vaterite, and the vaterite was then converted to aragonite with the longer aging. The addition of Mg2+ ions further enhanced the formation of aragonite. The elemental analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry and the characterization of the products by EPMA and XRD showed that Mg2+ ions were preferentially adsorbed on the calcite nucleus, then involved in the growing calcite (not needlelike crystal like aragonite). This adsorption inhibited the growth of calcite, leading to aragonite formation.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"197 1","pages":"1055-1058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77521283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.952
Y. Takeda
{"title":"Recycling. Extraction and Recovery Techniques. Pyrometallurgical Refining.","authors":"Y. Takeda","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.952","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"59 1","pages":"952-957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88698036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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