Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.989
F. Tsukihashi
{"title":"Recycling. Present Situation and Problems of Recycling of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Slags.","authors":"F. Tsukihashi","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.989","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"144 1","pages":"989-994"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77442199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.149
H. Miura
Metal Injection Molding (MIM) process allows fully dense and net shaping of a variety of engineering materials. Therefore, MIM process is hoped to be an advanced powder processing technique to replace the conventional powder metallurgy (P/M) processes for exceeding the proven P/M capabilities.This presentation introduces a few examples of how and what products are made via MIM process today, and reviews the progress being made in the elimination of critical technological barriers to the widespread application of MIM as a manufacturing process. The application of MIM process to wide variety of ferrous materials are also introduced from our studies, and comments are focused on the microstructure control needed for the MIM fabrication of high performance ferrous material components.
{"title":"Advanced Powder Shaping Process-MIM.","authors":"H. Miura","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.149","url":null,"abstract":"Metal Injection Molding (MIM) process allows fully dense and net shaping of a variety of engineering materials. Therefore, MIM process is hoped to be an advanced powder processing technique to replace the conventional powder metallurgy (P/M) processes for exceeding the proven P/M capabilities.This presentation introduces a few examples of how and what products are made via MIM process today, and reviews the progress being made in the elimination of critical technological barriers to the widespread application of MIM as a manufacturing process. The application of MIM process to wide variety of ferrous materials are also introduced from our studies, and comments are focused on the microstructure control needed for the MIM fabrication of high performance ferrous material components.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"58 1","pages":"149-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79127009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1005
Go Masaki
The material recycling rate of the plastic wastes in 1995 was 11%, which means 950, 000 tons of plastic were recycled as the materials. Taking a look at them by the production sources, the plastic wastes such as the waste pieces from molding processes, off-specification products, etc. amount to about 780, 000 tons with its material recycling rate of around 98%. On the other hand, the plastic wastes from the distribution and marketing fields amount to 3.63 million tons with the recycling rate of about 5.8 %, while the household plastic wastes amount to 4.43 million tons with the recycling rate of insignificant 0.2%.The material recycling of the plastic wastes from the household are just limited to such products as PSP trays and PET bottles witch are composed of single material and of collectable nature. When it comes to the promotion of recycling of the household plastic wastes, it is dfficult to collect only single material-products, thus, the chemical and thermal recycling methods are considered important.The energy recovery by high efficient power generation and an intermediate system of collection such as the RDF method, the reduction to oil shall become important technologies. If we can reuse them successfully combining with the existing industries such as blast furnaces, cement kilns, etc., we shall be able to expect profitable recycling businesses at the reasonable cost and future development.
{"title":"Recycling. Recycling of Plastic Debris.","authors":"Go Masaki","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1005","url":null,"abstract":"The material recycling rate of the plastic wastes in 1995 was 11%, which means 950, 000 tons of plastic were recycled as the materials. Taking a look at them by the production sources, the plastic wastes such as the waste pieces from molding processes, off-specification products, etc. amount to about 780, 000 tons with its material recycling rate of around 98%. On the other hand, the plastic wastes from the distribution and marketing fields amount to 3.63 million tons with the recycling rate of about 5.8 %, while the household plastic wastes amount to 4.43 million tons with the recycling rate of insignificant 0.2%.The material recycling of the plastic wastes from the household are just limited to such products as PSP trays and PET bottles witch are composed of single material and of collectable nature. When it comes to the promotion of recycling of the household plastic wastes, it is dfficult to collect only single material-products, thus, the chemical and thermal recycling methods are considered important.The energy recovery by high efficient power generation and an intermediate system of collection such as the RDF method, the reduction to oil shall become important technologies. If we can reuse them successfully combining with the existing industries such as blast furnaces, cement kilns, etc., we shall be able to expect profitable recycling businesses at the reasonable cost and future development.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"19 1","pages":"1005-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78458958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.561
S. Okubo, K. Fukui
A variable-compliance-type constitutive-equation was formerly proposed by Okubo et al. In this brief note, several ways how to obtain a set of four constants required to solve the equation are described. The constant strain-rate test, comparing with creep, constant stress-rate and relaxation tests, is recommended to be most appropriate for obtaining constants readily and easily. Based on some example sets obtained through experimental works on seven Japanese rocks, the effects of confining pressure and moisture content on the value of each constant are discussed.
{"title":"Brief Note on a Set of Constants in a Variable-Compliance-Type Constitutive-Equation.","authors":"S. Okubo, K. Fukui","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.561","url":null,"abstract":"A variable-compliance-type constitutive-equation was formerly proposed by Okubo et al. In this brief note, several ways how to obtain a set of four constants required to solve the equation are described. The constant strain-rate test, comparing with creep, constant stress-rate and relaxation tests, is recommended to be most appropriate for obtaining constants readily and easily. Based on some example sets obtained through experimental works on seven Japanese rocks, the effects of confining pressure and moisture content on the value of each constant are discussed.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"21 1","pages":"561-564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84472109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.454
Tooru Iwamoto
{"title":"Recent advance in the resources and material technology. Operation at Tamano sulfuric acid gypsum factory.","authors":"Tooru Iwamoto","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"6 1","pages":"454-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83447585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1027
S. Taya
{"title":"Recycling. Characteristic and Volume of Shredder Dust.","authors":"S. Taya","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.1027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"1998 1","pages":"1027-1031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78610903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.95
S. Kunimatsu, M. Ali, E. Farsangi, S. Durucan, G. Johnston, T. Isei
In order to predict blast vibration more precisely, we attempted to use the following equation described by circular frequency, that is used in the earthquake engineering field.O(ω) =G(χ)·H(ω)·S(ω)where, O(ω) is spectra of the wave motion of ground surface, G(ω) is the geometrical attenuation related energy spread during wave propagation, H(ω) is the transfer function and S(ω) is the source function.We developed a computer program for a multi-reflection method based on Haskell (1960) to get H(ω) in above equation. For S(ω), we used the equation derived by Sharpe (1942). Finally, we had reasonable results for wave motion of a point of ground surface by calculating inverse FFT of O(ω) obtained by convolution of H(ω) and S(ω) about two layers model and four layers model.
{"title":"A Prediction Method of Blast Vibration Based on Multi-Reflection Method for SH Wave to Allow for Geological Structure.","authors":"S. Kunimatsu, M. Ali, E. Farsangi, S. Durucan, G. Johnston, T. Isei","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.95","url":null,"abstract":"In order to predict blast vibration more precisely, we attempted to use the following equation described by circular frequency, that is used in the earthquake engineering field.O(ω) =G(χ)·H(ω)·S(ω)where, O(ω) is spectra of the wave motion of ground surface, G(ω) is the geometrical attenuation related energy spread during wave propagation, H(ω) is the transfer function and S(ω) is the source function.We developed a computer program for a multi-reflection method based on Haskell (1960) to get H(ω) in above equation. For S(ω), we used the equation derived by Sharpe (1942). Finally, we had reasonable results for wave motion of a point of ground surface by calculating inverse FFT of O(ω) obtained by convolution of H(ω) and S(ω) about two layers model and four layers model.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"22 1","pages":"95-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73808462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.121
K. Ohga, Kiyoshi Higuchi, S. Tada
{"title":"Fundamental Studies on Early Detection of Spontaneous Combustion of Coal using Smell Sensors.","authors":"K. Ohga, Kiyoshi Higuchi, S. Tada","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"57 1","pages":"121-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85615734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.241
J. Kodama, Y. Ishizuka, Tohru Abe, Y. Ishijima, T. Goto
Cyclic loading tests on Inada Granite were carried out under 0, 5 and 25 MPa of confining pressure to examine the next two effects: the effect of confining pressure on the characteristics of strength and deformation; and the effect of stress amplitude on fatigue life. The main results are as follows.1) The fatigue strength rises as the confining pressure is increased. However, the rate of the increase of the fatigue life Nf to the decrease of the maximum differential stress σDmax is almost identical despite of the different level of confining pressure. A same curve can represent the relationship between σDcσDmax (difference between static strength σDc and σDmax) and log Nf under the two levels of confining pressure (5, 25 MPa). That is, this curve can be used to predict the fatigue strength from the static strength.2) Three stages, namely. transient, steady and tertiary stage, are observed in fatigue deformation. Under the 25 MPa of confining pressure, the transient stage is shorter and the steady stage is relatively longer. As the confining pressure is increased, dilatant strain is restrained and the rate of the increase of volumatric strain per one cycle decreases.3) When the maximum differential stress is fixed at a constant value, the fatigue life increases as the stress amplitude decreases. This tendency becomes more evident as the value of the maximum differential stress becomes lower.4) When the maximum differential stress in fatigue tests and creep tests are the same, time to failure in fatigue is shorter than that in creep in the range of the maximum differential stress lower than a certain point.
{"title":"Fatigue Characteristics of Inada Granite under Confining Pressure.","authors":"J. Kodama, Y. Ishizuka, Tohru Abe, Y. Ishijima, T. Goto","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.241","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclic loading tests on Inada Granite were carried out under 0, 5 and 25 MPa of confining pressure to examine the next two effects: the effect of confining pressure on the characteristics of strength and deformation; and the effect of stress amplitude on fatigue life. The main results are as follows.1) The fatigue strength rises as the confining pressure is increased. However, the rate of the increase of the fatigue life Nf to the decrease of the maximum differential stress σDmax is almost identical despite of the different level of confining pressure. A same curve can represent the relationship between σDcσDmax (difference between static strength σDc and σDmax) and log Nf under the two levels of confining pressure (5, 25 MPa). That is, this curve can be used to predict the fatigue strength from the static strength.2) Three stages, namely. transient, steady and tertiary stage, are observed in fatigue deformation. Under the 25 MPa of confining pressure, the transient stage is shorter and the steady stage is relatively longer. As the confining pressure is increased, dilatant strain is restrained and the rate of the increase of volumatric strain per one cycle decreases.3) When the maximum differential stress is fixed at a constant value, the fatigue life increases as the stress amplitude decreases. This tendency becomes more evident as the value of the maximum differential stress becomes lower.4) When the maximum differential stress in fatigue tests and creep tests are the same, time to failure in fatigue is shorter than that in creep in the range of the maximum differential stress lower than a certain point.","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"51 1","pages":"241-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73558816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.510
A. Sai
{"title":"Recent advance in the resources and material technology. Evaluation of a new Cu complex for the next generation semiconductor wiring and preparation of a Cu film.","authors":"A. Sai","doi":"10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2473/SHIGENTOSOZAI.113.510","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22754,"journal":{"name":"The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan","volume":"122 1","pages":"510-513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75684552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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