Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.13.23285868
Didier Brassard, S. Chevalier
Background: Following Canada's food guide (CFG) recommendations should ensure adequate nutrient intakes for persons aged 2 years and more. Older adults have increased needs in certain nutrients and the extent to which adherence to CFG recommendations can help reduce inadequate nutrient intakes is unknown. Objective: To assess the relationship between adherence to CFG recommendations on healthy food choices and intake of key nutrients in adults 65 years and older from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2015 - Nutrition. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from 4,093 adults of the CCHS 2015 - Nutrition (mean age, 73.6 y, 54% females). Dietary intakes were measured using an interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recall including one repeat in a subsample (42%). The National Cancer Institute multivariate method was used to estimate usual (i.e., long-term) dietary intakes. Adherence to CFG recommendations was measured using the Healthy Eating Food Index (HEFI)-2019 score. Simple linear and logistic regression models estimated the effect of increased HEFI-2019 score on usual nutrient intakes and the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intakes (i.e., below the estimated average requirements), respectively. Results: Compared with the prevalence of inadequate intakes at median HEFI-2019 score (46.4/80 points), a higher HEFI-2019 (+11 points) was associated with reductions in the prevalence of inadequate intakes of magnesium, vitamin B6, and protein (-19.8% [95%CI: -30.8, -8.9], -12.7% [95%CI: -22.5, -3.0], and -4.7% [95%CI: -9.4, -0.1], respectively). In contrast, data for higher HEFI-2019 scores were compatible with increased prevalence of inadequate intakes of folate, vitamin D, and calcium (4.0% [95%CI: -8.4, 16.3], 2.6% [95%CI: 1.1, 4.0], and 2.3% [95%CI: -3.0, 7.5], respectively). Conclusions: Based on dietary intakes of Canadian older adults in 2015, increasing the degree of adherence to CFG recommendations on healthy food choices may reduce nutrient intake inadequacy for most key nutrients except folate, vitamin D and calcium.
{"title":"Relationship between adherence to the 2019 Canada's Food Guide recommendations on healthy food choices and nutrient intakes in older adults","authors":"Didier Brassard, S. Chevalier","doi":"10.1101/2023.02.13.23285868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.13.23285868","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Following Canada's food guide (CFG) recommendations should ensure adequate nutrient intakes for persons aged 2 years and more. Older adults have increased needs in certain nutrients and the extent to which adherence to CFG recommendations can help reduce inadequate nutrient intakes is unknown. Objective: To assess the relationship between adherence to CFG recommendations on healthy food choices and intake of key nutrients in adults 65 years and older from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2015 - Nutrition. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from 4,093 adults of the CCHS 2015 - Nutrition (mean age, 73.6 y, 54% females). Dietary intakes were measured using an interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recall including one repeat in a subsample (42%). The National Cancer Institute multivariate method was used to estimate usual (i.e., long-term) dietary intakes. Adherence to CFG recommendations was measured using the Healthy Eating Food Index (HEFI)-2019 score. Simple linear and logistic regression models estimated the effect of increased HEFI-2019 score on usual nutrient intakes and the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intakes (i.e., below the estimated average requirements), respectively. Results: Compared with the prevalence of inadequate intakes at median HEFI-2019 score (46.4/80 points), a higher HEFI-2019 (+11 points) was associated with reductions in the prevalence of inadequate intakes of magnesium, vitamin B6, and protein (-19.8% [95%CI: -30.8, -8.9], -12.7% [95%CI: -22.5, -3.0], and -4.7% [95%CI: -9.4, -0.1], respectively). In contrast, data for higher HEFI-2019 scores were compatible with increased prevalence of inadequate intakes of folate, vitamin D, and calcium (4.0% [95%CI: -8.4, 16.3], 2.6% [95%CI: 1.1, 4.0], and 2.3% [95%CI: -3.0, 7.5], respectively). Conclusions: Based on dietary intakes of Canadian older adults in 2015, increasing the degree of adherence to CFG recommendations on healthy food choices may reduce nutrient intake inadequacy for most key nutrients except folate, vitamin D and calcium.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91332347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Fothergill, Krista S. Crider, Christina B. Johnson, Mical P Raj, Heather M. Guetterman, Beena Bose, C. Rose, Y. Qi, Jennifer L Williams, R. Kuriyan, Wesley Bonam, J. Finkelstein
BACKGROUND Anemia is an important public health problem, and accurate estimates may inform policy and programs. Although hemoglobin assessment of venous blood via automated hematology analyzers (AHA) is recommended, most population-based surveys are based on analysis of capillary blood via portable hemoglobinometers to estimate anemia prevalence. OBJECTIVE To evaluate screening methods for hemoglobin and anemia assessment using paired venous samples. DESIGN Participants were women of reproductive age (15-40y) who were not pregnant or lactating. Paired venous whole blood samples (n = 896) were analyzed for hemoglobin (Hb) via portable hemoglobinometer (HemoCue 301) and Coulter Counter AHA. Anemia and severe anemia were defined as Hb <12.0 and <8.0 g/dL, respectively. Bland-Altman methods were used to assess level of agreement for Hb results (mean difference, standard deviation of differences, limits of agreement). Diagnostic accuracy parameters (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy) were calculated to evaluate HemoCue performance compared to the AHA reference, overall and by sociodemographic, nutritional, and metabolic characteristics. RESULTS The estimated anemia prevalence was significantly lower via HemoCue vs. AHA (36.3% vs. 41.6%; p-value <0.0001). The HemoCue had 84.4% accuracy for anemia screening and 98.8% for severe anemia, compared to the AHA reference. The HemoCue had 74.8% sensitivity and 91.2% specificity, compared to AHA. HemoCue sensitivity was higher in WRA with iron deficiency (SF<15.0 μg/L 81.6% vs. SF ≥15.0 μg/L: 41.3%), and lower in WRA with metabolic risk factors, including overweight (BMI≥25.0 kg/m2; 63.9% vs. 78.8%), or elevated CRP (CRP>1.0 mg/L: 67.2% vs. ≤1.0 mg/L: 82.9%), trunk fat (TF>35%: 62.7% vs. ≤35%: 80.1), or whole-body fat (WBF >35%: 63.9% vs. ≤35%: 80.3%). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that women with anemia may be incorrectly identified as not anemic via portable hemoglobinometer, and the anemia prevalence may be underestimated at the population level. Registration number: NCT04048330.
{"title":"Comparison of Anemia Screening Methods Using Paired Venous Samples in Women of Reproductive Age in Southern India.","authors":"A. Fothergill, Krista S. Crider, Christina B. Johnson, Mical P Raj, Heather M. Guetterman, Beena Bose, C. Rose, Y. Qi, Jennifer L Williams, R. Kuriyan, Wesley Bonam, J. Finkelstein","doi":"10.1093/cdn/nzac060.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac060.025","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Anemia is an important public health problem, and accurate estimates may inform policy and programs. Although hemoglobin assessment of venous blood via automated hematology analyzers (AHA) is recommended, most population-based surveys are based on analysis of capillary blood via portable hemoglobinometers to estimate anemia prevalence.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To evaluate screening methods for hemoglobin and anemia assessment using paired venous samples.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000Participants were women of reproductive age (15-40y) who were not pregnant or lactating. Paired venous whole blood samples (n = 896) were analyzed for hemoglobin (Hb) via portable hemoglobinometer (HemoCue 301) and Coulter Counter AHA. Anemia and severe anemia were defined as Hb <12.0 and <8.0 g/dL, respectively. Bland-Altman methods were used to assess level of agreement for Hb results (mean difference, standard deviation of differences, limits of agreement). Diagnostic accuracy parameters (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy) were calculated to evaluate HemoCue performance compared to the AHA reference, overall and by sociodemographic, nutritional, and metabolic characteristics.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The estimated anemia prevalence was significantly lower via HemoCue vs. AHA (36.3% vs. 41.6%; p-value <0.0001). The HemoCue had 84.4% accuracy for anemia screening and 98.8% for severe anemia, compared to the AHA reference. The HemoCue had 74.8% sensitivity and 91.2% specificity, compared to AHA. HemoCue sensitivity was higher in WRA with iron deficiency (SF<15.0 μg/L 81.6% vs. SF ≥15.0 μg/L: 41.3%), and lower in WRA with metabolic risk factors, including overweight (BMI≥25.0 kg/m2; 63.9% vs. 78.8%), or elevated CRP (CRP>1.0 mg/L: 67.2% vs. ≤1.0 mg/L: 82.9%), trunk fat (TF>35%: 62.7% vs. ≤35%: 80.1), or whole-body fat (WBF >35%: 63.9% vs. ≤35%: 80.3%).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Findings suggest that women with anemia may be incorrectly identified as not anemic via portable hemoglobinometer, and the anemia prevalence may be underestimated at the population level. Registration number: NCT04048330.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85486239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Ortenzi, M. Kolby, M. Lawrence, F. Leroy, S. Nordhagen, Stuart M Phillips, S. van Vliet, Ty Beal
Nutrient Profiling Systems provide frameworks to assess the healthfulness of foods based on food composition and are intended as inputs into strategies to improve diets. Many Nutrient Profiling Systems are founded on a reductionist assumption that the healthfulness of foods is determined by the sum of their individual nutrients, with no consideration for the extent and purpose of processing and its health implications. A novel Nutrient Profiling System called Food Compass attempted to address existing gaps and provide a more holistic assessment of the healthfulness of foods. We propose that the chosen algorithm is not well justified and produces results that fail to discriminate for common shortfall nutrients, exaggerate the risks associated with animal-source foods, and underestimate the risks associated with ultraprocessed foods. We caution against the use of Food Compass in its current form to inform consumer choices, policies, programs, industry reformulations, and investment decisions.
{"title":"Limitations of the Food Compass Nutrient Profiling System.","authors":"F. Ortenzi, M. Kolby, M. Lawrence, F. Leroy, S. Nordhagen, Stuart M Phillips, S. van Vliet, Ty Beal","doi":"10.31235/osf.io/eu578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/eu578","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient Profiling Systems provide frameworks to assess the healthfulness of foods based on food composition and are intended as inputs into strategies to improve diets. Many Nutrient Profiling Systems are founded on a reductionist assumption that the healthfulness of foods is determined by the sum of their individual nutrients, with no consideration for the extent and purpose of processing and its health implications. A novel Nutrient Profiling System called Food Compass attempted to address existing gaps and provide a more holistic assessment of the healthfulness of foods. We propose that the chosen algorithm is not well justified and produces results that fail to discriminate for common shortfall nutrients, exaggerate the risks associated with animal-source foods, and underestimate the risks associated with ultraprocessed foods. We caution against the use of Food Compass in its current form to inform consumer choices, policies, programs, industry reformulations, and investment decisions.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90770686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.3238/zfa.2021.0390-0392
L. Laybourn‐Langton, Richard Smith
The UN General Assembly in September 2021 will bring countries together at a critical time for marshalling collective action to tackle the global environmental crisis. They will meet again at the biodiversity summit in Kunming, China, and the climate conference (COP26) in Glasgow, UK. Ahead of these pivotal meetings, we—the editors of health journals worldwide—call for urgent action to keep average global temperature increases below 1.5◦C, halt the destruction of nature, and protect health. Health is already being harmed by global temperature increases and the destruction of the natural world, a state of affairs health professionals have been bringing attention to for decades (1). The science is unequivocal; a global increase of 1.5◦C above the pre-industrial average and the continued loss of biodiversity risk catastrophic harm to health that will be impossible to reverse (2, 3). Despite the world’s necessary preoccupation with COVID-19, we cannot wait for the pandemic to pass to rapidly reduce emissions. Reflecting the severity of the moment, this editorial appears in health journals across the world. We are united in recognizing that only fundamental and equitable changes to societies will reverse our current trajectory. The risks to health of increases above 1.5◦C are now well established (2). Indeed, no temperature rise is “safe.” In the past 20 years, heat-related mortality among people
{"title":"Call for Emergency Action to Limit Global Temperature Increases, Restore Biodiversity, and Protect Health","authors":"L. Laybourn‐Langton, Richard Smith","doi":"10.3238/zfa.2021.0390-0392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3238/zfa.2021.0390-0392","url":null,"abstract":"The UN General Assembly in September 2021 will bring countries together at a critical time for marshalling collective action to tackle the global environmental crisis. They will meet again at the biodiversity summit in Kunming, China, and the climate conference (COP26) in Glasgow, UK. Ahead of these pivotal meetings, we—the editors of health journals worldwide—call for urgent action to keep average global temperature increases below 1.5◦C, halt the destruction of nature, and protect health. Health is already being harmed by global temperature increases and the destruction of the natural world, a state of affairs health professionals have been bringing attention to for decades (1). The science is unequivocal; a global increase of 1.5◦C above the pre-industrial average and the continued loss of biodiversity risk catastrophic harm to health that will be impossible to reverse (2, 3). Despite the world’s necessary preoccupation with COVID-19, we cannot wait for the pandemic to pass to rapidly reduce emissions. Reflecting the severity of the moment, this editorial appears in health journals across the world. We are united in recognizing that only fundamental and equitable changes to societies will reverse our current trajectory. The risks to health of increases above 1.5◦C are now well established (2). Indeed, no temperature rise is “safe.” In the past 20 years, heat-related mortality among people","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"21 1","pages":"2865 - 2867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88316905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Harris, Y. Mou, G. Dieleman, T. Voortman, P. Jansen
ABSTRACT Background Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) tend to be selective in their food intake, which may compromise their diet quality. While ASD diagnoses capture severe levels of impairment, autistic traits vary on a continuum throughout the population. Yet, little is known about how autistic traits relate to diet quality at the population level. Objectives This study examines the association between autistic traits in early childhood and diet quality in mid-childhood and explores the mediating role of food selectivity. Methods Participants were children (n = 4092) from the population-based Generation R Study. Parents reported their child's autistic traits at 1.5, 3, and 6 years; food selectivity at 4 years; and food intake at 8 years, from which a diet quality score was derived. Associations of autistic traits and the autistic trait trajectory (identified using Latent Class Growth Modelling) with diet quality were examined using multiple linear regression models. The indirect effect of food selectivity in the association between autistic traits at 1.5 years and diet quality was examined using mediation analysis. Results Autistic traits were associated with diet quality (e.g., 1.5 years: β = −0.09; 95% CI: −0.13 to −0.06). Two classes captured the autistic trait trajectories from 1.5 to 6 years: children with “low and stable” (95%) and “high and increasing” (5%) mean scores. Children in the high and increasing group had poorer diet quality than those in the low and stable group (β = −0.28; 95% CI: −0.44 to −0.11). Food selectivity mediated the association between autistic traits at 1.5 years and diet quality at 8 years (βindirect = −0.03; 95% CI: −0.03 to −0.02). Conclusions Autistic traits in early childhood are associated with poorer diet quality in mid-childhood, and food selectivity appears to mediate this association. Interventions intended to optimize nutrition in children with elevated autistic traits may integrate behavioral strategies to support parents’ responding to their child's food selectivity.
{"title":"Child Autistic Traits, Food Selectivity, and Diet Quality: A Population-Based Study","authors":"H. Harris, Y. Mou, G. Dieleman, T. Voortman, P. Jansen","doi":"10.1093/CDN/NZAB046_053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/CDN/NZAB046_053","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) tend to be selective in their food intake, which may compromise their diet quality. While ASD diagnoses capture severe levels of impairment, autistic traits vary on a continuum throughout the population. Yet, little is known about how autistic traits relate to diet quality at the population level. Objectives This study examines the association between autistic traits in early childhood and diet quality in mid-childhood and explores the mediating role of food selectivity. Methods Participants were children (n = 4092) from the population-based Generation R Study. Parents reported their child's autistic traits at 1.5, 3, and 6 years; food selectivity at 4 years; and food intake at 8 years, from which a diet quality score was derived. Associations of autistic traits and the autistic trait trajectory (identified using Latent Class Growth Modelling) with diet quality were examined using multiple linear regression models. The indirect effect of food selectivity in the association between autistic traits at 1.5 years and diet quality was examined using mediation analysis. Results Autistic traits were associated with diet quality (e.g., 1.5 years: β = −0.09; 95% CI: −0.13 to −0.06). Two classes captured the autistic trait trajectories from 1.5 to 6 years: children with “low and stable” (95%) and “high and increasing” (5%) mean scores. Children in the high and increasing group had poorer diet quality than those in the low and stable group (β = −0.28; 95% CI: −0.44 to −0.11). Food selectivity mediated the association between autistic traits at 1.5 years and diet quality at 8 years (βindirect = −0.03; 95% CI: −0.03 to −0.02). Conclusions Autistic traits in early childhood are associated with poorer diet quality in mid-childhood, and food selectivity appears to mediate this association. Interventions intended to optimize nutrition in children with elevated autistic traits may integrate behavioral strategies to support parents’ responding to their child's food selectivity.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"44 1","pages":"856 - 862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82743972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-02DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.01.20241372
G. Gatica-Domínguez, P. A. Neves, A. Barros, C. Victora
Objective. To describe patterns and socioeconomic inequalities in complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months in 80 low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods. We analyzed national surveys carried out since 2010. Complementary feeding indicators for children aged 6-23 months included minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD). Between- and within-country inequalities were documented using relative (wealth deciles) and absolute (estimated household income) socioeconomic indicators. Results. Only 21.3%, 56.2% and 10.1% of the 80 countries showed prevalence levels above 50% for MDD, MMF and MAD, respectively. Western & Central Africa showed the lowest prevalence for all indicators, whereas the highest for MDD and MAD was Latin America & Caribbean, and for MMF in East Asia & the Pacific. Log per capita gross domestic product was positively associated with MDD (R2 = 48.5%), MMF (28.2%) and MAD (41.4%). Pro-rich within-country inequalities were observed in most countries for the three indicators; pro-poor inequalities were observed in two countries for MMF, and in none for the other two indicators. Breastmilk was the only type of food with a pro-poor distribution, whereas animal-source foods (dairy products, flesh foods and eggs) showed the most pronounced pro-rich inequality. Dietary diversity improved sharply when absolute annual household incomes exceeded about US$20,000. There were no consistent differences among boys and girls for any of the indicators studied. Conclusion. Monitoring complementary feeding indicators in the world and implementing policies and programs to reduce wealth related inequalities are essential to achieve optimal child nutrition.
{"title":"Complementary Feeding Practices in 80 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Prevalence of and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Dietary Diversity, Meal Frequency, and Dietary Adequacy","authors":"G. Gatica-Domínguez, P. A. Neves, A. Barros, C. Victora","doi":"10.1101/2020.12.01.20241372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.01.20241372","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To describe patterns and socioeconomic inequalities in complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months in 80 low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods. We analyzed national surveys carried out since 2010. Complementary feeding indicators for children aged 6-23 months included minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD). Between- and within-country inequalities were documented using relative (wealth deciles) and absolute (estimated household income) socioeconomic indicators. Results. Only 21.3%, 56.2% and 10.1% of the 80 countries showed prevalence levels above 50% for MDD, MMF and MAD, respectively. Western & Central Africa showed the lowest prevalence for all indicators, whereas the highest for MDD and MAD was Latin America & Caribbean, and for MMF in East Asia & the Pacific. Log per capita gross domestic product was positively associated with MDD (R2 = 48.5%), MMF (28.2%) and MAD (41.4%). Pro-rich within-country inequalities were observed in most countries for the three indicators; pro-poor inequalities were observed in two countries for MMF, and in none for the other two indicators. Breastmilk was the only type of food with a pro-poor distribution, whereas animal-source foods (dairy products, flesh foods and eggs) showed the most pronounced pro-rich inequality. Dietary diversity improved sharply when absolute annual household incomes exceeded about US$20,000. There were no consistent differences among boys and girls for any of the indicators studied. Conclusion. Monitoring complementary feeding indicators in the world and implementing policies and programs to reduce wealth related inequalities are essential to achieve optimal child nutrition.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"57 1","pages":"1956 - 1964"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87078471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-03DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.29.20222588
K. Best, T. Green, D. Sulistyoningrum, Thomas R Sullivan, S. Aufreiter, S. Prescott, M. Makrides, M. Skubisz, D. O’Connor, D. Palmer
Background: The increase in childhood allergic disease in recent decades has coincided with increased folic acid intakes during pregnancy. Circulating unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) has been proposed as a biomarker of excessive folic acid intake. Objective: We aimed to determine if late-pregnancy serum UMFA and total folate concentrations were associated with allergic disease risk in the offspring at one year of age in a population at high risk of allergy. Methods: The cohort consisted of 561 mother-infant pairs from Western Australia. To be eligible the infant had a first-degree relative (mother, father or sibling) with a history of medically diagnosed allergic disease. Maternal serum was collected between 36 and 40 weeks of gestation. UMFA concentrations were measured by tandem mass spectrometry using stable isotope dilution, folate concentrations were determined using the microbiological method with standardized kits. Infant allergic disease outcomes of medically diagnosed eczema, steroid treated eczema, atopic eczema, IgE-mediated food allergy, allergen sensitization and medically diagnosed wheeze were assessed at 1 year of age. Results: Median (IQR) for UMFA and serum folate was 1.6 (0.6-4.7) and 53.2 (32.6-74.5) nmol/L, respectively. Of the infants, 34.6% had medically diagnosed eczema, 26.4% allergen sensitization and 14.9% had an IgE-mediated food allergy. In both adjusted and unadjusted models there was little evidence of association between UMFA or serum folate and any of the infant allergy outcomes. Conclusion: In this cohort of children at high risk for allergic disease there was no association between maternal UMFA or serum folate measured in late pregnancy and allergic disease outcomes at 1 year of age.
{"title":"Maternal late-pregnancy serum unmetabolized folic acid concentrations are not associated with infant allergic disease - A prospective cohort study","authors":"K. Best, T. Green, D. Sulistyoningrum, Thomas R Sullivan, S. Aufreiter, S. Prescott, M. Makrides, M. Skubisz, D. O’Connor, D. Palmer","doi":"10.1101/2020.10.29.20222588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.29.20222588","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increase in childhood allergic disease in recent decades has coincided with increased folic acid intakes during pregnancy. Circulating unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) has been proposed as a biomarker of excessive folic acid intake. Objective: We aimed to determine if late-pregnancy serum UMFA and total folate concentrations were associated with allergic disease risk in the offspring at one year of age in a population at high risk of allergy. Methods: The cohort consisted of 561 mother-infant pairs from Western Australia. To be eligible the infant had a first-degree relative (mother, father or sibling) with a history of medically diagnosed allergic disease. Maternal serum was collected between 36 and 40 weeks of gestation. UMFA concentrations were measured by tandem mass spectrometry using stable isotope dilution, folate concentrations were determined using the microbiological method with standardized kits. Infant allergic disease outcomes of medically diagnosed eczema, steroid treated eczema, atopic eczema, IgE-mediated food allergy, allergen sensitization and medically diagnosed wheeze were assessed at 1 year of age. Results: Median (IQR) for UMFA and serum folate was 1.6 (0.6-4.7) and 53.2 (32.6-74.5) nmol/L, respectively. Of the infants, 34.6% had medically diagnosed eczema, 26.4% allergen sensitization and 14.9% had an IgE-mediated food allergy. In both adjusted and unadjusted models there was little evidence of association between UMFA or serum folate and any of the infant allergy outcomes. Conclusion: In this cohort of children at high risk for allergic disease there was no association between maternal UMFA or serum folate measured in late pregnancy and allergic disease outcomes at 1 year of age.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89316293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OUP accepted manuscript","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jn/nxaa308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76127387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. McDonald, R. Ackatia-Armah, S. Doumbia, K. Brown
{"title":"Reply to C Fabiansen et al.","authors":"C. McDonald, R. Ackatia-Armah, S. Doumbia, K. Brown","doi":"10.1093/jn/nxz1962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz1962","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"24 1 1","pages":"2265-2266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89080522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bandegan, G. Courtney-Martin, M. Rafii, P. Pencharz, P. Lemon
Background: Despite a number of studies indicating increased dietary protein needs in bodybuilders with the use of the nitrogen balance technique, the Institute of Medicine (2005) has concluded, based in part on methodologic concerns, that "no additional dietary protein is suggested for healthy adults undertaking resistance or endurance exercise."Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the dietary protein requirement of healthy young male bodybuilders ( with ≥3 y training experience) on a nontraining day by measuring the oxidation of ingested l-[1-13C]phenylalanine to 13CO2 in response to graded intakes of protein [indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique].Methods: Eight men (means ± SDs: age, 22.5 ± 1.7 y; weight, 83.9 ± 11.6 kg; 13.0% ± 6.3% body fat) were studied at rest on a nontraining day, on several occasions (4-8 times) each with protein intakes ranging from 0.1 to 3.5 g · kg-1 · d-1, for a total of 42 experiments. The diets provided energy at 1.5 times each individual's measured resting energy expenditure and were isoenergetic across all treatments. Protein was fed as an amino acid mixture based on the protein pattern in egg, except for phenylalanine and tyrosine, which were maintained at constant amounts across all protein intakes. For 2 d before the study, all participants consumed 1.5 g protein · kg-1 · d-1 On the study day, the protein requirement was determined by identifying the breakpoint in the F13CO2 with graded amounts of dietary protein [mixed-effects change-point regression analysis of F13CO2 (labeled tracer oxidation in breath)].Results: The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of protein and the upper 95% CI RDA for these young male bodybuilders were 1.7 and 2.2 g · kg-1 · d-1, respectively.Conclusion: These IAAO data suggest that the protein EAR and recommended intake for male bodybuilders at rest on a nontraining day exceed the current recommendations of the Institute of Medicine by ∼2.6-fold. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02621294.
{"title":"Indicator Amino Acid-Derived Estimate of Dietary Protein Requirement for Male Bodybuilders on a Nontraining Day Is Several-Fold Greater than the Current Recommended Dietary Allowance.","authors":"A. Bandegan, G. Courtney-Martin, M. Rafii, P. Pencharz, P. Lemon","doi":"10.3945/jn.116.236331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.236331","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite a number of studies indicating increased dietary protein needs in bodybuilders with the use of the nitrogen balance technique, the Institute of Medicine (2005) has concluded, based in part on methodologic concerns, that \"no additional dietary protein is suggested for healthy adults undertaking resistance or endurance exercise.\"Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the dietary protein requirement of healthy young male bodybuilders ( with ≥3 y training experience) on a nontraining day by measuring the oxidation of ingested l-[1-13C]phenylalanine to 13CO2 in response to graded intakes of protein [indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique].Methods: Eight men (means ± SDs: age, 22.5 ± 1.7 y; weight, 83.9 ± 11.6 kg; 13.0% ± 6.3% body fat) were studied at rest on a nontraining day, on several occasions (4-8 times) each with protein intakes ranging from 0.1 to 3.5 g · kg-1 · d-1, for a total of 42 experiments. The diets provided energy at 1.5 times each individual's measured resting energy expenditure and were isoenergetic across all treatments. Protein was fed as an amino acid mixture based on the protein pattern in egg, except for phenylalanine and tyrosine, which were maintained at constant amounts across all protein intakes. For 2 d before the study, all participants consumed 1.5 g protein · kg-1 · d-1 On the study day, the protein requirement was determined by identifying the breakpoint in the F13CO2 with graded amounts of dietary protein [mixed-effects change-point regression analysis of F13CO2 (labeled tracer oxidation in breath)].Results: The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of protein and the upper 95% CI RDA for these young male bodybuilders were 1.7 and 2.2 g · kg-1 · d-1, respectively.Conclusion: These IAAO data suggest that the protein EAR and recommended intake for male bodybuilders at rest on a nontraining day exceed the current recommendations of the Institute of Medicine by ∼2.6-fold. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02621294.","PeriodicalId":22788,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging","volume":"24 1","pages":"850-857"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86762559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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